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Bioavailability of vitamin E compounds in lambs. 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
N Hidiroglou L R McDowell A M Papas M Antapli N S Wilkinson 《Journal of animal science》1992,70(8):2556-2561
A study was carried out to assess the bioavailabilities of several forms of vitamin E in lambs. A total of 40 lambs was allotted to eight dietary groups of five each and supplemented or not daily for 60 d with equimolar amounts of different vitamin E compounds as follows: 1) control, no supplemental vitamin E, 2) DL-alpha-tocopheryl acetate, 3) D-alpha-tocopheryl acetate, 4), D-alpha-tocopheryl succinate, 5) D-alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1,000 succinate (TPGS), 6) DL-alpha-tocopheryl nicotinate, 7) DL-alpha-tocopheryl nicotinate+ TPGS, or 8) D-alpha-tocopheryl acetate + TPGS. During these 60 d, serum alpha-tocopherol concentrations in the control lambs remained constant and lower (P less than .05) than in lambs that received all treatments. Various indices of bioavailability, including Cmax-C(i) (concentration maximum-concentration initial), Ct-C(i) (concentration terminal-concentration initial), areas under the serum concentrations profiles, and pooled increment were higher (P less than .05) with D-alpha-tocopheryl acetate+ TPGS than in the other groups, suggesting a synergism between these forms. No such effect was observed between nicotinate and TPGS. For the TPGS, a water-soluble form of vitamin E, the indices of bioavailability were lower (P less than .05) than for the other groups. D-alpha-tocopheryl acetate resulted in a bioavailability that outranked all the other forms of vitamin E, except those of D-alpha-tocopheryl acetate + TPGS. A slightly higher bioavailability index was observed for D-alpha-tocopheryl succinate than for DL-alpha-tocopheryl nicotinate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
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B R Blakley R J Bell 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1994,35(5):297-300
The purpose of the study was to determine normal baseline levels of vitamin A and vitamin E in clinically normal horses under typical field conditions in Saskatchewan and Alberta. Heparinized blood samples were collected from approximately 400 clinically healthy horses selected from 24 locations in Alberta and Saskatchewan during a two-year period. For each horse, historical information including feed type, vitamin supplementation, time of year, sex, and age were recorded. From each blood sample, the plasma vitamin A (all-transretinol) and vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) levels were measured using high pressure liquid chromatography. Normal baseline plasma vitamin A and vitamin E concentrations recorded during the study were 0.70 mumol/L and 7.65 mumol/L, respectively. The plasma vitamin concentrations were lower in the younger horses. The plasma vitamin levels were higher from May to August, as compared to other times of the year. Horses grazing fresh pasture exclusively during the summer months had plasma vitamin A and vitamin E concentrations that were 27% and 63% greater than horses fed harvested or stored feeds during the same time period. Sex-related differences were not evident in the study. A number of factors may influence the baseline plasma vitamin A and vitamin E levels in horses. Consequently, it is unadvisable to use a single evaluation to assess vitamin status. Multiple sampling from individual horses or sampling from many horses within a herd may reduce the variability and improve the ability to monitor vitamin status from plasma submissions. 相似文献
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D C Van Metre R J Callan 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice》2001,17(2):373-402, vii-viii
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《The Journal of small animal practice》1961,2(1-4):232a-232
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One-day-old poults fed a vitamin D3-deficient diet were examined for clinical, biochemical, and morphological changes at 14 days of age. Changes in these parameters were compared at 15.5 and 17 days of age after one of the following vitamin D-replacement therapies was provided: water-soluble vitamin-mineral packs that contained vitamin D3; vitamin D3 in the feed; or vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in the feed. The vitamin D3-deficient poults were lame and had significant decreases in weight gain and in longitudinal skeletal growth. None of the therapies alleviated all these changes, but clinical lameness subsided in poults provided 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Calcium concentrations were significantly improved by all therapies. Treatment with vitamin D3 in the feed and water significantly increased 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 concentrations in vitamin D-deficient poults. The growth plate zones, with the exception of the mineralized hypertrophied zone, were all increased in length and not modified by treatment. However, the mineralized hypertrophied zones in the 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 group and the group receiving vitamin D3 in the water were comparable to that in the controls on day 15.5. 相似文献
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G Flachowsky H Wilk H J L?hnert W I Ochrimenko D Geinitz A Hennig 《Archives of Animal Nutrition》1990,40(1-2):85-100
Five experiments with 18 to 36 male calves each of the black and white dairy cattle breed (age: 14-21 days, initial live weight: approximately 45 kg per animal) were carried out in order to investigate the influence of various vitamin A supply (0-80,000 IU per 100 kg LW and day) on dry matter intake and weight gain as well as the vitamin A status of liver and blood plasma over 84 days. The calves consumed a diet free of carotene and vitamin A consisting of milk replacer, concentrate and chopped wheat straw. The calves were fed in three experiments for a longer time in order to observe the further vitamin A depletion. Nine animals consumed an unsupplemented ration, nine other one got 10,000 IU vitamin A per 100 kg LW and day. Biopsies of liver and plasma samples were taken from 4 animals per group every four weeks. The various vitamin A supplementation did not significantly influence the dry matter intake (Mean: 1.67; 1.48 to 1.80 kg DM per animal and day) and the weight gain of calves (Mean: 702, 599 to 770 g per animal and day). First vitamin A deficiency symptoms (reduced feed intake, decreased weight gain, diarrhoea etc.) were observed in animals of unsupplemented group after 100 days of experiments. After 84 days the vitamin A concentration of liver of animals of unsupplemented groups decreased to 1.3-32.2% compared with the begin of experiments (60.6-155.7 mumol/kg fresh matter). Up to 51% of initial concentration were found when 10,000 IU vitamin A per 100 kg LW and day were fed. About 25,000 IU vitamin A per 100 kg LW and day were required in order to keep the initial level of vitamin A concentration of liver. The plasma vitamin A concentration is unsuitable for estimation of vitamin A status of calves. The concentration of vitamin A of liver and plasma amounted to 114 mumol per kg and 0.25 mumol per litre at the begin of experiments. The vitamin A concentration of liver of unsupplemented group decreased to 20 mumol per kg, that of plasma increased to 0.28 mumol per 1 at the end. A strong vitamin A deficiency (liver concentration: less than 10 mumol/kg) may cause a decrease of vitamin A concentration of blood. 相似文献
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Four feeding experiments with fat-rich diets were performed to study the gross and histologic pathology of the vitamin E-deficiency syndrome in pigs. The pathologic changes which occurred included skeletal and heart muscle dystrophy with degenerative and micro- thrombotic vessel injury, anaemia, liver necrosis (hepatosis diaetetica) and yellow discoloration of the fat tissue (yellow-fat disease). In some cases clear-cut pathologic changes corresponding to “mulberry heart disease” or hepatosis diaetetica occurred, but there was an obvious tendency for these pathologic conditions, as well as for muscle dystrophy and yellow fat to occur simultaneously. The changes could be counteracted with alphatocopherol, while supplement of selenium or sulphur-containing amino acids did not protect against the lesions under the conditions of these experiments. This may be due to the high content of unsaturated fatty acids in the experimental diets. Contradictory to earlier reports, hepatosis diaetetica developed on diets containing casein as a source of protein, and even when extra supplements of sulphur-containing amino acids were given.In these experiments „mulberry heart disease” was induced experimentally in vitamin E-deficient pigs. The explanation why several of these pigs belonged to groups with extra amino acids or selenium supplement may be a somewhat improved rate of growth in these groups. 相似文献
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《Herpetological Monographs》2016,38(4):197-203