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2.
Amaranthus dubius is an alternative source of fibre and protein for the feed formulation for growing rabbits, although its effects on their health status are yet unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of three dietary levels (0, 160 and 320 g/kg) of A. dubius on haematological, serum biochemical and histopathological parameters of fattening rabbits. One hundred and thirteen New Zealand White rabbits were fed ad libitum from weaning (35 days) to slaughter (87 days). The health status of the animals was monitored, and mortality was recorded. Before slaughtering, 30 rabbits were randomly selected for haematological and serum biochemical analysis. During slaughter, 18 rabbits were randomly selected for histopathological study in heart, liver, lung and small intestine. The health status of rabbits was good, with no differences among treatments in mortality. Diet and sex did not affect the values of most haematological and serum biochemical parameters. Fibrinogen, glucose and high‐density lipoprotein values increased significantly from 0 to 320 g/kg A. dubius diets. The white blood cell count and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase values decreased significantly from 0 to 320 g/kg A. dubius diets. The organs showed histologically well‐structured tissues. However, in all experimental groups several samples with lesions were observed, always highly focalized in small tissue areas. The main lesions observed, probably related to conditions of thermal stress affecting the rabbits, were cholesterolosis (heart), steatosis (liver), inflammatory lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate (lung) and chronic inflammatory tissue damage (small intestine). In conclusion, the inclusion of up to 320 g/kg A. dubius in diet did not jeopardize the health status of growing rabbits. Therefore, A. dubius can become an alternative raw material for the formulation of feeds in tropical and subtropical countries where this plant is widespread.  相似文献   

3.
The objective of this research was to compare (i) the content of milk protein and recombinant human factor VIII (rhFVIII) in the milk of transgenic and non-transgenic rabbit females at three lactations and (ii) histological structure, ultrastructural morphology and occurrence of apoptosis in rabbit transgenic and non-transgenic mammary gland during third lactation and involution. Significant differences (t0.05) in milk protein content were found between transgenic and non-transgenic at all three lactations. The percentage of apoptotic cells was significantly higher (t0.01) in non-transgenic ones compared with transgenic mammary gland tissues (6.5% versus 2.4%) taken at the involution stage. Morphometrical analysis of histological preparations at the involution stage detected a significantly higher (t0.05) relative volume of lumen in transgenic animals compared with non-transgenic ones (60.00 versus 46.51%). Ultrastructural morphology of the transgenic mammary gland epithelium at the involution stage revealed an increased relative volume of protein globules (t0.05); at the lactation stage, a significantly higher volume of mitochondria (13.8%) compared with the non-transgenic (9.8%) ones was observed. These results, although revealing differences in some parameters of ultrastructure and histology, indicate no harmful effect of the mouse whey acid protein-hFVIII transgene expression on the state of mammary gland of transgenic rabbit females.  相似文献   

4.
The mammary gland of transgenic animals has been used for the production of recombinant proteins of therapeutic and nutraceutical use. The objective of this study was to compare the ultrastructure of transgenic and non-transgenic rabbit mammary gland tissue. New Zealand White transgenic rabbits were obtained by breeding non-transgenic rabbits with transgenic founder rabbits containing a whey acidic protein-human factor VIII (WAP-hFVIII) transgene integrated into their genome. Samples of mammary gland tissue from lactating rabbit females were isolated by surgical procedures. These samples were examined by optical and electron microscopy and photographs were taken. Measurements of ultrastructural organelles were made from digital images of the mammary cells. No differences were found in the cellular structure of mammary tissue, but significant differences t((0.001)) in the relative volume of mitochondria and vacuoles between transgenic and non-transgenic mammary gland epithelium were observed.  相似文献   

5.
转红树总DNA紫花苜蓿T1代耐盐株系的生理生化特性分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  
以花粉管通道法转红树总DNA紫花苜蓿阿尔冈金T1代耐盐植株幼苗为材料,经300 mmol/L NaCl处理后,测定叶绿素、脯氨酸、丙二醛含量和抗氧化酶活性等耐盐相关生理生化指标。结果显示,转基因株系叶绿素含量下降0.09~0.29倍,而对照植株下降0.32倍;转基因株系脯氨酸含量升高1.2~4.2倍,对照植株的脯氨酸升高0.9倍;转基因株系丙二醛含量升高0.15~0.29倍,对照植株的丙二醛含量升高0.36倍;转基因株系超氧化物歧化酶活性升高0.20~0.25倍,对照植株的超氧化物歧化酶活性升高0.19倍;转基因株系过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性分别是对照的1.6~5.6倍和1.2~1.3倍。转基因株系表现出耐盐植物的生理生化特性。  相似文献   

6.
Enterocin (Ent) 4231, produced by non-rabbit origin strain Enterococcus faecium CCM 4231 was used in combination with sage plant extract in rabbits with the aim to check their antimicrobial activity against microbiota, their effect on immunological, biochemical blood parameters, values of volatile fatty acids in caecum, Eimeria sp. oocysts occurrence and selected parameters of rabbits meat. The animals were divided into three experimental groups (EG1-Ent 4231; EG2- sage; EG3- Ent 4231 with sage) and control group (CG); 24 rabbits in each. Natural substances (NS) were administered for 21 days. The experiment lasted for 42 days. The reduction of microbiota in faeces was observed in EG3 at day 21 by a decrease in the numer of coagulase-positive staphylococci (P<0.01) in comparison with that determined in CG. The bacterial counts in the caecum were lower than those found in faeces. A decrease in the numer of Pseudomonas-like sp. in caeca of the experimental groups was observed at days 21 and 42 (difference in range 0.40-1.87 log cycles) comparing with that determined in CG. At day 21, a significant increase in phagocytic activity (PA, P<0.001) was found in blood of rabbits from EG2 comparing with that observed in CG. At day 42, a significant increase in PA (P<0.001) was determined in all experimental groups in comparison with CG. At day 21, in caecal content of EG3 significantly higher values of lactic acid were observed (P<0.05) in comparison with those found in CG. The reduction of Eimeria sp. oocysts was demonstrated after application of each of NS. Addition of NS did not influence biochemical parameters, meat quality of the animals and does not influence negatively the health status of rabbits.  相似文献   

7.
The aim of this study was to compare morphological characteristics of testes from transgenic (the WAP-hFVIII gene) and non-transgenic rabbits with emphasis on the histological and ultrastructural aspects. Samples of testes from both groups were fixed and embedded into Durcupan ACM for transmission electron microscopy. For histological analysis, semi-thin toluidine blue-stained sections were evaluated under a Jenaval light microscope. Male fertility was tested based on egg fecundity and blastocyst yield; transgene transmission was proved using PCR assay. Spermatogenesis in rabbit testes had not been destroyed both in transgenic and non-transgenic rabbits. No significant differences were found in the occurrence of individual cell organelles of the Sertoli cells in transgenic and non-transgenic rabbits. The ultrastructure of Leydig cells in testes of transgenic and non-transgenic rabbits was rather similar. No differences in the occurrence of individual organelles of Leydig cells between transgenic and non-transgenic males were found. These results were in concert with fertilizing capacity of transgenic spermatozoa. The presented status of organelles in this study indicates functional activity of the analysed cells.  相似文献   

8.
Avermectin endectocides are very effective and safe veterinary drugs, when used at recommended doses. Adverse reactions are described in some species and breeds of animals. In this study, the effects of therapeutic doses of abamectin and doramectin on some haematological and biochemical parameters in Istrian Pramenka sheep are discussed. In the pilot trial, we compared selected haematological and blood biochemical parameters of an experimental sheep flock (40 sheep) with the reference values. Then, two groups of 12 sheep (and their suckling lambs) were chosen from the experimental sheep flock. Each group was subdivided into a control (six animals) and treated (six sheep and their six suckling lambs) groups. We compared haematological and biochemical parameters between control and treated group before subcutaneous administration of abamectin or doramectin (0.2 mg/kg b.w.) and on days 15 and 42 after treatment. In addition, animals were observed for neurological signs. We detected some significant differences (P < 0.05) in some haematological and biochemical parameters between control and treated animals, but none of them appeared to be of clinical importance. No neurological symptoms were observed. Therefore, abamectin and doramectin might be well tolerated in Istrian Pramenka sheep.  相似文献   

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11.
Sixty-seven clinically healthy mature coypus were studied for some biochemical values in blood, 25 coypus were examined for the distribution of serum proteins and 20 ones for haematological values. Blood was sampled when the animals were killed and was examined by current laboratory methods. In comparison with the other animals, coypus had higher values of phosphorus and magnesium, and lower values of total protein and gamma globulins. The activity of enzymes (AST, ALT, GMT, ALP) was at the same level as in the other animals. Lower values of haemoglobin were found in coypus; the remaining haematological values are close to those in the other animals.  相似文献   

12.
The aim of the present study was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and the safety index (SI) of 5-chloro-2-methylthio-6-(1-napthyloxy)1H-benzimidazole, called compound alpha, in cattle. In addition, to search for possible adverse effects after treatment, the measurement of some biochemical, haematological and physiological parameters were also analysed. Eighteen crossbred heifers were divided into six groups of three animals each. Groups 1-5 received a single oral dose of 12, 36, 60, 120 and 180 mg/kg of body weight (bw) of compound alpha. Group 6 served as an untreated control. To determine the biochemical, haematological and enzymatic parameters, sera and blood samples were individually taken at 0, 4, 8, 16, 32, 128, and 720 h after treatment. Physiological parameters such as rectal temperature, heart rate (HR), respiration rate (RR) and ruminal motility were measured at the time intervals mentioned above. Estimation of the MTD and SI was obtained by using the formula reported by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the results showing an MTD of 180 mg/kg/bw and an SI of 15 times the recommended clinical dose. Some statistical differences were observed in a few of the biochemical, haematological and enzymatic parameters, the adverse effects being not highly representative. Alterations on HR and RR were statistically different (P<0.05) only in heifers treated with 180 mg.  相似文献   

13.
In this study, the effects of tilmicosin on some haematological and biochemical variables were investigated. Ten male New Zealand rabbits were used as material. The tilmicosin was injected (25 mg/kg body weight, subcutaneously as a single injection), and the rabbits were monitored for 4 days. No negative effects of tilmicosin on haematological and biochemical variables were observed, but it did cause a temporary decrease in red and white blood cell counts.  相似文献   

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15.
光合作用影响着植物的生长发育及产量,并在盐碱胁迫响应中起到积极作用。前期研究将光合途径中野生大豆来源的GsPPCK1和GsPPCK3基因转入苜蓿,所获得转基因苜蓿耐碱性提高。从光合作用和有机酸积累角度探索转GsPPCK1和GsPPCK3基因苜蓿耐碱性增强的生理机制。结果表明,碱胁迫9 d后,叶绿素的相对含量下降,转基因株系P1-5、P3-8与未处理相比变化并不显著,分别下降了11.27%、13.30%,而非转基因株系的叶绿素含量下降了39.11%。转基因株系P1-5、P3-8光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)及胞间CO2浓度(Ci)在胁迫处理后也有下降趋势,但下降的幅度仅为非转基因植株下降幅度的1/2。光合途径中NADP-苹果酸脱氢酶、NADP-苹果酸酶、磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶、丙酮酸正磷酸二激酶、核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶等关键酶的酶活及有机酸(苹果酸、柠檬酸、草酰乙酸、磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸)含量在碱胁迫处理后均呈上升趋势,而转基因株系P1-5、P3-8 的光合酶活和4种有机酸含量与非转基因对照相比上升极显著(P<0.01)。PEPC(Medtr4g079860.1)、NADP-ME(Medtr8g014390.1)、NADP-MDH(Medtr1g043040.1)、PPDK(Medtr4g118350.1)及Rubisco(Medtr4g 021210.1)基因的表达呈先上升后下降趋势,转基因株系中基因的表达变化较非转基因对照更为显著(P<0.01)。由此表明,在正常情况下,GsPPCK1和GsPPCK3基因的超量表达并未影响植物的光合作用,但是在碱胁迫下,转基因苜蓿的光合作用受碱胁迫的抑制较小,这一过程可能与PEPC酶的激活有关。另外,光合中间产物有机酸含量的显著上升对维持细胞内pH值的稳定也起到重要作用。  相似文献   

16.
在前期获得DREB1A/Bar双价转基因马铃薯的基础上,对转基因植株进行了耐旱性和除草剂抗性分析。耐旱性分析显示,在正常浇水条件下,对照和各转基因马铃薯株系生长状态良好且大致相同,各株系的丙二醛含量、相对电导率和SOD酶活性无显著差异(P0.05)。经过控水10d后,非转基因对照植株叶片明显萎蔫卷曲,而转基因植株仍然保持良好的生长状态;转基因株系的丙二醛含量和相对电导率显著低于非转基因株系(P0.05),而SOD酶活性显著高于非转基因对照(P0.05)。控水18d时,大部分对照植株死亡,死亡率为74.33%;转基因植株只有极少数植株死亡,DR2和DR5的死亡率分别为20.43%和5.65%。用0.3%的市售草铵膦喷施各株系,10d后,对照植株全部枯死,转基因株系的个别叶片干枯,绝大多数叶片及所有茎秆生长状态良好。以上分析表明,DREB1A和Bar基因的导入,明显增强了转基因马铃薯对干旱和除草剂的抗性。  相似文献   

17.
An experiment was carried out with young male New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits to establish live body weight changes, body measurements, body composition and sexual maturity as a function of feeding intensity. Animals in Group 1 ('AL', n = 10) were fed ad libitum, while those in Group 2 ('RS', n = 10) received restricted feeding corresponding to 70% of the ad libitum level. The starting liveweights were practically the same (0.907 +/- 0.146 and 0.911 +/- 0.147 kg in Group AL and Group RS, respectively). The feeding trial lasted from 6 to 22 weeks of age. The average body weight was significantly higher in Group AL from 7 to 22 weeks of age. At 22 weeks of age the body weight of RS rabbits was 85.64% of the weight of AL animals (3.22 +/- 0.52 kg and 3.76 +/- 0.33 kg, respectively). Average body weights of RS males at 8, 9, 11, 19 and 21 weeks of age were similar to those of ad libitum fed (AL) animals at 7, 8, 10, 15 and 16 weeks of age, respectively. The growth of bucks fed restricted tended to be allometric. The most significant difference was found at 16 and 18 weeks of age, while the lowest difference occurred at 6, 12, 15 and 19 weeks of age. It can be stated that low-intensity feeding up to slaughtering weight causes backwardness in rear cannon length and this backwardness remains also after the 15th week, which is well over the optimal slaughtering age. Based on the present data, the 70% restricted feeding cannot be recommended either for the future breeding bucks or for broiler males reared for slaughter. To determine the major chemical components of the body, rabbits were euthanised. Original dry matter and crude fat content of the body significantly (P < 0.05) decreased under restricted feeding (41.42%; 32.48% and 16.73%; 7.35%) while the percentage of protein within the dry matter increased (49.6%; 65.0%) and fat decreased (40.17%; 22.1%) significantly. Libido unambiguously decreases as a consequence of feed deprivation. The most conspicuous difference was found in the level of blood testosterone. Although a few RS bucks produced semen but only much later than the rabbits fed ad libitum. On the other hand, there was no difference in the motility of spermatozoa and ejaculate volume in comparison with AL animals. There was no relationship between the body fat content and the reproductive status of bucks in the present trial.  相似文献   

18.
This study was aimed to compare structures of the thyroid tissue of transgenic rabbits expressing the human clotting factor VIII under the murine whey acidic protein promoter (mWAP-hFVIII rabbits) with the non-transgenic controls. Thyroid tissue samples were taken from transgenic and non-transgenic New Zealand White rabbits, examined by optical microscopy and analysed morphometrically. The analysis revealed no significant differences (P > 0.05) in the relative volume of basic thyroid structures. Furthermore, no significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed when measuring the epithelial height and nuclear diameter of the follicular cells. Altogether, this study demonstrates no negative effect of the mWAP-hFVIII transgenesis on the rabbit thyroid gland structure.  相似文献   

19.
核干因子(NS)是一类广泛存在于动物细胞核中的GTP结合蛋白,主要参与胚的形成和细胞增殖,对维持细胞周期具有重要作用。本研究旨在初探蒺藜苜蓿MtNSN1的表达模式及其对生长发育的调控功能。克隆获得蒺藜苜蓿MtNSN1基因cDNA全长2193bp,其中开放阅读框为1800bp,编码599个氨基酸,蛋白分子量133.7kDa。进化树分析显示MtNSN1与大豆NSN1的氨基酸同源性为66.67%。组织器官表达分析表明,MtNSN1在蒺藜苜蓿花中表达量最高,根次之,叶中表达量最低。RNA原位杂交的结果显示该基因主要在蒺藜苜蓿生长发育活跃的茎尖分生组织及其周围的幼嫩叶中表达。MtNSN1转化野生型拟南芥得到超表达植株,通过统计分析表明超表达植株的主根长度和叶片数量都明显优于野生型。在超表达植株中5个细胞周期标记基因的表达水平均比野生型拟南芥显著上调;利用DNA化学诱变剂博来霉素对植株进行处理,发现超表达植株的根系受抑制程度小于野生型。以上结果表明,MtNSN1与蒺藜苜蓿茎尖分生组织的维持及地上、地下器官的发育有关,同时异源表达MtNSN1在转录水平上影响拟南芥细胞周期的表达。  相似文献   

20.
Heavy metals have enormous variety of deleterious effects on many organs in the body. This study demonstrated the toxic influences of lead on the growth, biochemical, cellular and molecular aspects of developing rabbits. Seventy‐five rabbits (New Zealand NZW) were divided into five equal groups as follows; control (C) and four treatment groups (T1‐4) orally administered lead acetate solution as follow T1: 20, T2: 30, T3: 50 and T4: 70 mg/kg body weight. Lead resulted in a significant decrease in live body weight, daily body weight gain and feed intake in T3 and T4 compared to those in other groups. Blood haematology measurements such as red blood cells, haematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume, platelet, white blood cells and lymphocytes were significantly influenced by the high level of lead. Oral administration of lead significantly reduced total proteins in the serum. It was observed that the high lead level led to significantly (p < 0.05) increased levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase enzymes, urea and creatinine. Four random amplified polymorphic DNA primers polymorphism were detected among the treatment groups. Total number of induced bands (loss or appearance) compared with control group were 4, 10, 10 and 14 bands using primers P1, P2, P3 and P4 respectively. Number of micronuclei showed a dose–response increase and the difference was highly significant especially between control compared with T3 and T4 groups. From our results, we can conclude that exposure of rabbits to lead acetate resulted in negative effects on the growth performance and altered the haematological and biochemical parameters, in addition to its adverse impact on cytological and molecular characterization of animals.  相似文献   

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