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1.
Concentrations of uterine luminal prostaglandins in mares with acute and persistent endometritis 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Intrauterine infusion of 1 per cent oyster glycogen solution was used to induce acute endometritis in four genitally normal mares. Numbers of viable neutrophils recovered in uterine washings had increased by 1 h after infusion and remained elevated for at least 72 h. There was a significant correlation between numbers of viable neutrophils and total protein concentrations and between prostaglandin (PG)F and PGE2 concentrations in washings. There was also a significant relationship between concentrations of 15-keto-13, 14-dihydro PGF2 alpha in plasma and PGF in washings. Intrauterine concentrations of PGF were influenced by cycle stage and in turn the induced acute endometritis interfered with normal ovarian function. Mares with persistent endometritis had significantly higher concentrations of PGF and total protein and percentage of neutrophils and mononuclear cells in washings than normal mares. White blood cells from mares were capable of producing PGF and PGE2 in vitro. 相似文献
2.
J Beech 《Veterinary pathology》1975,12(3):157-164
Tracheobronchial aspirates were obtained from 27 normal horses and from 57 horses with respiratory disease. Aspirates from normal horses contained mainly ciliated columnar epithelial cells, mononuclear cells, a few neutrophils and mucus. Aspirates from horses with acute suppurative bronchopneumonias or chronic bronchiolitis had predominantly neutrophils and usually large amounts of mucus; in severe suppurative inflammatory diseases, many of the cells were degenerated, and there were coils of fibrinous material resembling Curschmann's spirals. Eosinophils were rarely found, even from horses with histories suggestive of allergic respiratory disease. Aspirates from horses with epistaxis frequently had macrophages with intracytoplasmic green globules (hemosiderin). Tracheobronchial aspirates occasionally revealed subclinical lung disease. Four horses with no clinical signs of lung disease and lungs that were unremarkable on percussion and normal on auscultation had adpirates suggestive of inflammation; histologic examination confirmed bronchiolitis. 相似文献
3.
L Carrasco F Chacón-m de Lara J.C Gómez-Villamandos M.J Bautista C.J Villeda P.J Wilkinson M.A Sierra 《Research in veterinary science》1996,61(3):193-198
Recent studies of pulmonary intravascular macrophages have led to the re-examination of the mechanisms giving rise to alveolar oedema. A highly virulent isolate of African swine fever virus was replicated in pulmonary intravascular macrophages, interstitial and alveolar macrophages, fibroblasts and neutrophils. The alveolar oedema — characteristic of acute forms of African swine fever — and the vascular changes observed, which consisted of the formation of fibrin microthrombi in septal capillaries and the vacuolisation of endothelial cells, may have been due, however, to the activation of pulmonary intravascular macrophages, and not to the cytopathic effect subsequent to the replication of the African swine fever virus. Furthermore, it was observed that virus replication in cells not belonging to the mononuclear phagocyte system — such as fibroblasts and neutrophils — occurred earlier than in cells belonging to that system. 相似文献
4.
The concentration of Percoll required for isolating equine peripheral blood mononuclear cells has been reinvestigated. A poor cell yield was obtained at the 60 per cent concentration already reported. It is recommended that workers specifically interested in high yields of mononuclear cells, for investigation of lymphocyte and monocyte functions, use a concentration of 65 per cent Percoll. However, workers wishing to isolate pure populations of equine neutrophils might consider a concentration of 70 per cent in the upper layer of Percoll used to retain the mononuclear cells. 相似文献
5.
G Grünig C Hulliger C Winder M Hermann T W Jungi R von Fellenberg 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》1991,29(3-4):295-312
6.
ADCC effector cells from bovine blood were separated by centrifugation, adherence and rosetting techniques. Each enriched cell population, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM), null lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrophils, was then examined for its capacity to mediate ADCC. Utilizing heterologous sensitizing antisera it was found that monocytes had approximately twice the ADCC activity of null lymphocytes and that neutrophils had essentially no activity. However, when homologous sensitizing antisera were used it was found that neutrophils possessed the greatest activity followed by monocytes and null cells. Results confirm the existence of an ADCC active null lymphocyte in the bovine. 相似文献
7.
KENT E. SULLIVAN vmd JACK R. SNYDER dvm PhD Dipiomate ACVS JOHN E. MADIGAN DVM MS Dipiomate ACVIM JOHN R. PASCOE BVSc PhD Dipiomate ACVS THOMAS B. FARVER PhD MARK C. THURMOND dvm PhD JEFF W. ANDRESEN PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1993,22(5):343-350
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a glycoprotein that regulates the proliferation and maturation of hematopoietic progenitor cells and modulates the function of mature neu-trophils. The responses to administration of G-CSF alone, and in combination with antimicrobials, were studied in an equine model of ascending colon ischemia. Complete segmental colonic ischemia (3.75 hours) with pelvic flexure enterotomy was created in four treatment groups. Group 1 horses received recombinant canine G-CSF (10 μg/kg, every 24 hours, intramuscularly), gentamicin sulfate (2.2 mg/kg, every 8 hours, intravenously), and potassium penicillin G (40,000 lU/kg, every 6 hours, intravenously). Group 2 horses were treated with the G-CSF vehicle and antimicrobials as for group 1. Group 3 horses received G-CSF and the antimicrobial drug vehicles, and group 4 horses served as the untreated control receiving G-CSF vehicle and antimicrobial vehicles. The results for 20 horses, five horses in each group, were compared. Treatment with G-CSF was associated with an increased concentration of white blood cells, band neutrophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes in the peripheral blood after surgery. Antimicrobial administration had no detectable effect on cell concentrations after surgery. Administration of G-CSF was associated with an increased concentration of nucleated cells in the peritoneal fluid including neutrophils, small mononuclear cells and large mononuclear cells. Horses that developed incisional infections had lower neutrophil concentrations in the peripheral blood on postoperative day 2 than horses without infected incisions. These results suggested that the prophylactic administration of G-CSF may be useful in the treatment of patients at risk for developing neutropenia after surgery. 相似文献
8.
Whole blood leukocyte vs. separated mononuclear cell blastogenesis in calves: time-dependent changes after shipping. 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0 
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下载免费PDF全文 K W Kelley C A Osborne J F Evermann S M Parish D J Hinrichs 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1981,45(3):249-258
The blastogenic response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to mitogenic stimulation by concanavalin A was lower (P less than 0.01) after transporting 60 dairy calves 480 km than it was either one or two weeks later. The response was similar for phytohemagglutinin. There was a decrease (P less than 0.05) in the number of peripheral blood monocytes and neutrophils two weeks after shipping. The transportation of calves did not affect plasma IgG1 or IgM level. The mitogenic stimulation of peripheral blood leukocytes by both phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A in whole blood cultures was more variable than with the culture of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Technique variation, which was defined as the coefficient of variation among quadruplicate cultures, was greater than 20% for while blood assays and less than 10% for cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The variation among different calves tested at the same time and the variation within single calves tested at different times were also lower in peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures than in whole blood mononuclear cell cultures than in whole blood assays. It is suggested that the variation among replicate cultures be reported in blastogenesis studies. 相似文献
9.
C R Rossi M Campos S V Ghanekar V S Panangala 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》1986,11(4):319-324
Hybridomas to bovine leukocytes were produced by immunization of BALB/C mice with bovine lymphoblasts and fusion of the mouse spleen cells with mouse myeloma cells. Monoclonal antibodies (MABs) were tested against various cell populations by indirect fluorescent microscopy using fluorochrome conjugated antibodies to mouse immunoglobulins. MAB-15, one of the resulting MABs obtained after cloning antibody-producing hybridomas, reacted with 56.8 +/- 8.4% of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). MAB-15 did not react with monocytes or B cells, but did react with T cells (fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated peanut agglutinin positive cells). MAB-15 reacted with 3.2% of thymocytes from adult cattle. In addition to reacting with T cells, MAB-15 reacted with neutrophils and eosinophils. MAB-15 was characterized as an IgM antibody that was unable to lyse PBMC in the presence of complement. Thus, MAB-15 is a useful marker of mature T cells in the mononuclear cell population. 相似文献
10.
Mammalian cells contain two related but unique isoforms of cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2). COX-1 is expressed constitutively in a majority of tissues and is involved in the production of prostaglandins (PGs) that modulate normal physiologic functions. COX-2 is inducible by various stimuli and is involved in the production of PGs that modulate physiologic events in development, cell growth, and inflammation. With the exception of peribronchial glands and chondrocytes of peribronchial cartilage, COX-2 is not detectable in the normal lung of nonhuman primates. We evaluated COX-2 expression by immunohistochemical methods in the inflammatory lesions of two cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) with acute severe pneumonia. Both monkeys exhibited acute severe bronchopneumonia; histologically, lung lesions were characterized by infiltration of large numbers of neutrophils and fewer macrophages, mild bronchial epithelial hyperplasia, and slight type-2 pneumocyte hyperplasia. In both monkeys, mild to marked COX-2 immunoreactivity was detected within the cytoplasm of macrophages, bronchial epithelial cells, type-2 pneumocytes, and endothelial cells of blood vessels. No COX-2 immunoreactivity was detectable in the neutrophils that constituted >90% of the inflammatory cells. These observations suggest that in acute inflammatory lung lesions in nonhuman primates 1) COX-2 is induced in the bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells, 2) macrophages are the primary inflammatory cells that exhibit COX-2, and 3) neutrophils do not express COX-2. 相似文献
11.
Benbarek H Grülke S Deby-Dupont G Deby C Mathy-Hartert M Caudron I Dessy-Doize C Lamy M Serteyn D 《Equine veterinary journal》2000,32(4):327-333
We studied the interactions of isolated equine neutrophils with endothelial cells in culture, mimicking a situation of acute inflammation. Our main purpose was to demonstrate that the supernatant of activated neutrophils was sufficient to damage endothelial cells. Equine endothelial cells (from carotid arteries) were covered either with increased numbers of equine neutrophils stimulated by phorbol myristate acetate, or with the supernatant collected after an in vitro stimulation of the neutrophils. Cytotoxicity was estimated by the release of preincorporated 51Cr, and by light microscopy observations. To assert the specific role of reactive oxygen species, endothelial cells were treated by the hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase (X/XOx) system (production of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide), and by hypochlorite (product of the activity of myeloperoxidase). A strong cytotoxicity was found with stimulated neutrophils; microscopic observations indicated a loss of 50% of the endothelial cells and morphological alterations in the remaining cells. The supernatant of stimulated neutrophils was cytotoxic, in correlation with the number of neutrophils used to obtain the supernatant, and with the supernatant concentration of myeloperoxidase. The cytotoxicity of the X/XOx system was weak, but was increased by myeloperoxidase. Hypochlorite was highly toxic. We concluded that the supernatant of stimulated neutrophils was sufficient to obtain cytotoxic effects on the endothelium, in the absence of a direct contact between endothelium and neutrophils, and that this cytotoxicity was mainly linked to the activity of myeloperoxidase. From these in vitro results, it can be extrapolated that in pathologies characterised by an important activation of neutrophils, damage can spread to cells and tissues away from the inflammation focus. 相似文献
12.
C. Olave N. Morales B. Uberti C. Henriquez J. Sarmiento A. Ortloff H. Folch G. Moran 《Veterinary research communications》2018,42(1):57-63
Macrophages and neutrophils are important cellular components in the process of acute inflammation and its subsequent resolution, and evidence increasingly suggests that they play important functions during the resolution of chronic, adaptive inflammatory processes. Exacerbated neutrophil activity can be harmful to surrounding tissues; this is important in a range of diseases, including allergic asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in humans, and equine asthma (also known as recurrent airway obstruction (RAO). Tamoxifen (TX) is a non-steroidal estrogen receptor modulator with effects on cell growth and survival. Previous studies showed that TX treatment in horses with induced acute pulmonary inflammation promoted early apoptosis of blood and BALF neutrophils, reduction of BALF neutrophils, and improvement in animals’ clinical status. The aim of this study was to describe if TX induces in vitro efferocytosis of neutrophils by alveolar macrophages. Efferocytosis assay, myeloperoxidase (MPO) detection and translocation phosphatidylserine (PS) were performed on neutrophils isolated from peripheral blood samples from five healthy horses. In in vitro samples from heathy horses, TX treatment increases the phenomenon of efferocytosis of peripheral neutrophils by alveolar macrophages. Similar increases in supernatant MPO concentration and PS translocation were observed in TX-treated neutrophils, compared to control cells. In conclusion, these results confirm that tamoxifen has a direct effect on equine peripheral blood neutrophils, through stimulation of the engulfment of apoptotic neutrophils by alveolar macrophages. 相似文献
13.
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was detected and localized in 15 pigs with naturally occurring pleuropneumonia using a 437-base pair digoxigenin-labeled cDNA probe in an in situ hybridization protocol. Histopathologic changes in the acute stage were characterized by coagulative necrosis of lung parenchyma, hemorrhage, vascular thrombosis, edema, fibrin deposition, and infiltration of lung parenchyma by neutrophils and alveolar macrophages in nine pigs. In chronic lesions, a thick layer of granulation tissue surrounded foci of pulmonary necrosis in six pigs. All 15 pigs infected with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, confirmed by bacterial isolation, had distinct positive hybridization signals for COX-2 in bronchial, bronchiolar epithelial cells, alveolar macrophages, neutrophils, and type I pneumocytes. COX-2 expression was detected primarily in neutrophils from pigs with acute lesions and primarily in alveolar macrophages from pigs with chronic lesions. The results suggest that a prostanoid product of COX-2 is an important component of the inflammatory response to acute and chronic A. pleuropneumoniae infection. 相似文献
14.
George E. Keller III Daniel M. Lewis Stephen A. Olenchock 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1987,10(3-4):219-226
The inhalation of grain dust by grain workers is responsible for a large number of pulmonary pathophysiologies. These problems may be acute or chronic and may be mediated by the chronic activation of the immune system. Constant inflammatory states in the lung may eventually lead to tissue damage and respiratory deficit. This study was designed to measure the changes in the relative number of inflammatory cells in peripheral blood, bronchoalveolar spaces, and lung interstitium that occur in response to intratracheally instilled airborne spring wheat dust in rats. It was found that 6h after instillation with dust, neutrophils were present in greater numbers in the blood and bronchoalveolar spaces than in lung interstitium. After 24h, there appeared to be a larger number of neutrophils in the lung interstitium in dust-instilled animals than in saline-instilled controls. These results indicate that intratracheal instillation of grain dust initiates an acute inflammatory reaction, and that there is an initial influx of neutrophils into the air spaces of the lung followed by transit of these cells into the lung interstitium. 相似文献
15.
Enriched populations of neutrophils and mononuclear leukocytes from 9 cattle persistently infected with noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus were analyzed for frequency of association with virus, using flow cytometric procedures. Trypsinization of neutrophils decreased the frequency of viral association from 0.82% to 0.49%. Similar treatment of mononuclear leukocytes decreased the frequency of viral association from 5.53% to 4.81%. Results of immunocytochemical procedures to locate viral antigen were inconclusive for neutrophils, but viral antigen was found in the cytoplasm of mononuclear leukocytes. A distinct and highly pure population of eosinophils was identified during flow cytometric analysis of neutrophil populations from 2 of 9 cattle. 相似文献
16.
K M Charlton G C Dulac F C Thomas H K Mitchell 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1977,41(4):460-465
Herpes simplex virus was isolated from the brain of a wild skunk (Mephitis mephitis) which had clinical neurological disease. In the brain of this skunk and in brain of skunks inoculated intracerebrally, there were areas of necrosis in the grey matter of the cerebral cortex and to a lesser extent in the brain stem. Intranuclear inclusions occurred in neurons and glial cells with vascular cuffing by mononuclear cells and a few neutrophils. Skunks inoculated intravenously had extensive focal necrosis in the liver and adrenal glands. 相似文献
17.
Systemic toxoplasmosis was produced in specific-pathogen-free cats by intravenous inoculation with Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites. Infectious organisms were recovered from all tissues studied, but the number of organisms recovered from liver, lungs and spleen was 10-fold to 10,000-fold higher than from heart and brain. The occurrence and severity of Toxoplasma-induced lesions correlated with the number of infectious organisms recovered from the various tissues. In nonlymphoid tissues, the Toxoplasma-associated lesions consisted of multifocal necrosis, usually with demonstrable organisms. Lesions in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes consisted of reticuloendothelial and lymphoid hyperplasia, with few demonstrable organisms. Pneumonitis was severe and sometimes fatal in the early stages of systemic toxoplasmosis. Light- and electron-microscopic studies showed that the earliest lung lesions were randomly distributed infiltrates of neutrophils, eosinophils, and mononuclear cells into alveolar walls. Later lesions were diffuse alveolar necrosis, pneumocytic hyperplasia, and extensive fibrinocellular exudates in alveoli. Tachyzoites were present in cytoplasmic vacuoles of fibroblasts, macrophages, type I and II pneumocytes, bronchiolar epithelial cells, bronchiolar smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, neutrophils, and eosinophils, and circulating monocytes. Replication of organisms was found in all parasitized cell types except neutrophils and eosinophils. 相似文献
18.
Walter J. Bruyninckx Anne-Marie B. Blancquaert 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》1983,4(4):493-504
Horse mononuclear cells were separated from whole blood using neutral density gradient centrifugation on Isopaque-Ficoll. The resulting cell suspension was comparable in composition with similarly prepared human and bovine mononuclear cell preparations. The relative concentration of monocytes was increased by the use of a gradient with density lower than that originally proposed by Böyum (Böyum, A. 1968. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Investig. 21 supple. 97:77–89). Contamination by neutrophils was limited either by using a gradient medium of lower density or by replacing Isopaque-Ficoll by Percoll-0.9% NaCl. Although the density of the Isopaque-Ficoll appears to be the main determinant in the isolation method of Böyum, the mechanism of separation of the cell population is complex and a substantial variability of the results can be expected. 相似文献
19.
Expression of Mx protein and interferon-alpha in pigs experimentally infected with swine influenza virus 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Expression of Mx protein and interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) was examined by immunohistochemistry in pigs experimentally infected with swine influenza virus. In infected pigs euthanatized at 1 day postinoculation (dpi), the lumen of bronchioles were filled with large numbers of mononuclear cells, small numbers of neutrophils, sloughing epithelial cells, and proteinaceous fluid. Lesions at 3 and 5 dpi were similar but less severe. Alveolar spaces were filled with neutrophils. By 7 and 10 dpi, microscopic lesions were resolved. The immunohistochemical signals for Mx protein and IFN-alpha antigen were confined to cells in areas that had hybridization signal for swine influenza virus. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry of serial sections of lung indicated that areas containing numerous swine influenza virus RNA-positive cells also have numerous Mx and IFN-alpha antigen-positive cells. Mean immunohistochemical scores for Mx protein-positive cells were correlated with mean immunohistochemical scores for IFN-alpha antigen-positive cells (r(s) = 0.8799, P < 0.05). These results indicated that Mx protein and IFN-alpha antigen were expressed in the lung from pigs experimentally infected with swine influenza virus, but their biological functions remain to be examined. 相似文献
20.
Michael C. Carakostas DVM PhD Kent A. Gossett DVM MS PhD John W. Watters DVM MS Peter S. MacWilliams DVM PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1983,24(6):267-270
The effect of metrizamide myelography on the composition of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was studied. Seven dogs received an intracisternal injection of metrizamide. An intracisternal puncture was performed in three additional dogs that did not receive metrizamide. CSF was collected before myelography and 24, 72, and 144 hours after myelography from all dogs. A significant increase in the percentage of neutrophils (p<0.05) and a pleocytosis noted 24 hours after myelography (p<0.02) were attributed to the effect of metrizamide. Significant increases in total protein concentration (p<0.001) and erythrocyte count (p<0.05), and a decrease in the percentage of small mononuclear cells (p<0.01) were attributed to repeated intracisternal puncture. No significant changes were observed for CSF creatine phosphokinase activity or the percentage of large mononuclear cells. 相似文献