共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
枯草芽孢杆菌对南疆棉花黄萎病、产量及纤维品质的影响 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0
以中棉所49为供试品种，在新疆阿克苏棉花黄萎病重病地进行枯草芽孢杆菌滴灌处理防治黄萎病试验，并分析了其对产量和纤维品质的影响。结果表明：棉花黄萎病发生初期，枯草芽孢杆菌滴灌处理可使病情指数较未处理区显著降低，对黄萎病的防治效果达到40%；在黄萎病发生高峰期，枯草芽孢杆菌滴灌处理对黄萎病的防治效果不显著。枯草芽孢杆菌滴灌处理较对照，籽棉产量略增加但差异不显著，对纤维品质也无显著影响。因此，枯草芽孢杆菌在新疆阿克苏地区滴灌可以用于棉花黄萎病的防治，但应在发病高峰前施用。 相似文献
2.
为确定“棉萎克”喷雾加滴灌控制新疆棉田黄萎病的效果，分别在南疆阿拉尔和北疆精河县选用连作30年以上、黄萎病发病中等偏重的地块，连续2年开展相应的试验示范。结果显示，“棉萎克”于播种后50 d喷施，之后每间隔10 d连续滴灌2次的处理，喷施后10 d时“棉萎克”对棉花黄萎病的防治效果在40%以上，籽棉产量较对照增加7.0%～9.3%。综合考虑效果和成本认为，在黄萎病发生偏重的新疆棉田，采用“棉萎克”在黄萎病发病初期喷雾1次，10 d后滴灌1次，既可有效控制病害，又可实现节本增效。 相似文献
3.
针对新疆存在的大面积多年连作、种植耐病品种仍不能有效控制黄萎病发生的重病棉田，于2016―2018年，在新疆阿克苏开展试验和示范，建立了“三联绿色防控法”棉花黄萎病控制技术方案，即“耐病品种＋微生物有机肥＋诱抗剂”。结果表明，采用新疆棉花耐病品种中棉所49，底肥每666.7 m2施自制的CEF08111微生物有机肥3 m3左右，在发病前期叶面喷施诱抗剂棉萎克3次，对棉花黄萎病的防治效果在60%以上，显著高于单项技术的防病和增产效果。依据该技术方案，生产中采用抗病性好且丰产优质的棉花品种，利用CEF08111、芽孢杆菌等生防菌剂和新鲜羊粪发酵，自制微生物菌肥作底肥，并于发病早期喷施棉萎克、氨基寡糖素等诱抗剂，可有效控制黄萎病的发生为害。该技术在新疆多年连作、黄萎病重病田具有良好的应用前景。 相似文献
4.
棉萎克对棉花黄萎病的防控效果及使用技术 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
2015年于河南安阳黄萎病人工病圃和新疆黄萎病重病田研究了棉萎克对棉花黄萎病的防治效果。结果表明:在人工病圃黄萎病发生的中期,连续喷施600倍棉萎克2次后,处理区的病情指数下降14.3%,标记病株的平均病级由4.0下降到2.8;而对照区病情指数增长92.6%,标记病株的平均病级由4.2上升到5.9,对黄萎病的防治效果为55.4%。在新疆阿拉尔和石河子重病田黄萎病发生初期,连续喷施棉萎克3次后,对黄萎病的防治效果分别为66.1%和73.1%。本研究表明,在棉花黄萎病发生初期喷施棉萎克对棉花黄萎病具有较好的防治效果。 相似文献
5.
本研究旨在通过对棉花苗期病害、黄萎病和铃病进行综合防控，明确供试药剂对各种病害的防控效果，以及对棉花产量的影响。结果表明：使用11%（质量分数，下同）精甲·咯·嘧菌包衣种子对棉花苗病的防治效果为88.5%～96.6%；黄萎病发生初期分别使用99植保和棉萎克对黄萎病的防治效果为33.6%～59.3%，棉萎克的防治效果显著高于99植保；铃期分别使用50%多菌灵和75%代森锰锌与高脂膜喷雾防治铃病，前者防治效果优于后者，防治效果最高达54%；上述综合防病措施，可使棉花增产籽棉4.1%～11.9%。该研究可为棉花病害的有效控制提供技术支持。 相似文献
6.
内蒙古膜下滴灌棉花叶面肥施用效果 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以中棉所50和天元1号为材料,以喷施清水为对照,通过田间试验研究了从蕾期到铃期6次叶面喷施1%(质量分数,下同)尿素、0.5%磷酸二氢钾、1%尿素+0.5%磷酸二氢钾3种叶面肥对内蒙古膜下滴灌棉花产量与品质的影响。结果表明,喷施叶面肥处理均比对照增产,皮棉增产幅度为6.0%~10.6%,喷施1%尿素+0.5%磷酸二氢钾处理增产效果最佳。叶面肥处理对棉花纤维品质无显著影响,施用1%尿素+0.5%磷酸二氢钾叶面肥处理棉花纤维上半部平均长度、断裂比强度优于对照。 相似文献
7.
8.
克萎星对棉花黄萎病株活性氧代谢的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
克萎星是河南省濮阳农科所研制生产的用于叶面喷施防治棉花黄萎病的新农药 ,1 999年通过国家农药登记。室内抑菌试验表明 ,克萎星对棉花黄萎病菌大丽轮枝菌有一定的抑菌作用 ,但抑菌活性较差 ,单从这一点不能解释克萎星的防治作用机理。本试验通过研究克萎星对棉花黄萎病株叶片内POD活性、SOD活性、MDA含量、可溶性糖含量的影响 ,探讨克萎星对棉花黄萎病感病株的基础抗性诱导作用。1材料和方法1 .1 田间试验。2 0 0 0年试验地为连作棉田 ,土质壤土 ,肥力中等 ;供试材料为耐黄萎病品种 3 3 B。小区面积 40 m2。试验处理设置为 1克萎星 5… 相似文献
9.
研究了叶面喷施“猛加力”对棉花叶片内过氧化物酶（POD）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性、过氧化脂质（MDA）及可溶性糖含量的影响。结果表明：于棉花黄萎病发病初期喷施新型多功能肥料“猛加力”后7 d内,一级病株和健株体内的POD活性平均提高65.12%和36.31%,以第1 d提高的最多,达75.31%和67.17%;SOD活性平均提高16.64%和40.91%,以第3~5 d提高的最多,达28.81%和57.62%。喷施“猛加力”后7 d内,一级病株和健株体内MDA含量平均降低13.62%和7.99%,可溶性糖含量平均降低16.37%和31.04%。表明“猛加力”能显著调节棉株体内抗氧化系统中重要酶类SOD和POD的活性,这可能是其抑制棉花黄萎病扩展蔓延、缓解危害的重要生理机制 相似文献
10.
“新壮态”3种配方叶面肥在赣北棉花上应用效果 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
以“新壮态”原液为基液，研制适于棉花不同时期施用的叶面肥，以期获得更加符合棉花营养特点的专用型叶面肥。于2016年设置了3种配方7个处理比较试验，从叶面积、干物质积累、产量及纤维品质等性状表现分析其差异。结果表明：“新壮态”配方1、配方2、配方3分期单独施用和组合施用均能促进棉花增产，且对棉纤维品质没有影响；其中苗期喷施配方1和3个配方组合施用2个处理的增产效果显著，达到7.8%；3个配方分期单施的增产效果排序为配方1 >配方2 >配方3。 相似文献
11.
The Journal of Biomedical Discovery and Collaboration was created to provide, for the first time, a unified forum to consider all factors that affect scientific practice and scientific discovery – with an emphasis on the changing face of contemporary biomedical science. In this endeavor we are bringing together three different groups of scholars: a) laboratory investigators, who make the discoveries that are the currency of the scientific enterprise; b) computer science and informatics investigators, who devise tools for data analysis, mining, visualization and integration; and c) social scientists, including sociologists, historians, and philosophers, who study scientific practice, collaboration, and information needs. We will publish original research articles, case studies, focus pieces, reviews, and software articles. All articles in the Journal of Biomedical Discovery and Collaboration will be peer reviewed, published immediately upon acceptance, freely available online via open access, and archived in PubMed Central and other international full-text repositories. 相似文献
12.
Fullerene has fascinated characteristics and the fabrication of fullerene-containing assembly of high solubility in general solvents at facile way is immensely expected for the material processing. We aimed to control supramolecular structure of fullerene-containing molecules with arrested morphology, which would boost material potentials to wider application. In this study, we have synthesized poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-grafted fullerene and the association behavior of PMMA-grafted fullerene in solvent is utilized to obtain monodisperse assemblies with submicron size. Furthermore, we have succeeded to fix the assembly morphology by UV irradiation and recovered the assembly in another solvent in which the assembly basically does not form. This procedure enables us to obtain fullerene- dispersed materials at sub-μm order with various matrixes. 相似文献
13.
Christian T. Christensen Lincoln Zotarelli Kathleen G. Haynes James Colee 《American Journal of Potato Research》2017,94(6):588-598
The precise level of environmental control in vitro may aid in identifying genetically superior plant germplasm for rooting characteristics (RC) linked to increased foraging for plant nitrogen (N). The objectives of this research were to determine the phenotypic variation in root morphological responses of 49 Solanum chacoense (chc), 30 Solanum tuberosum Group Phureja – Solanum tuberosum Group Stenotomum (phu-stn), and three Solanum tuberosum (tbr) genotypes to 1.0 and 0.5 N rate in vitro for 28 d, and identify genotypes with superior RC. The 0.5 N significantly increased density of root length, surface area, and tips. All RC were significantly greater in chc than in either phu-stn or tbr. Based upon clustering on root length, surface area, and volume, the cluster with the greatest rooting values consisted of eight chc genotypes that may be utilized to initiate a breeding program to improve RC in potato. 相似文献
14.
Champa P. Wijekoon Binod B. Pageni Melanie L. Kalischuk Newton Z. Lupwayi Lawrence M. Kawchuk 《American Journal of Potato Research》2017,94(3):251-257
Late blight, caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, is a devastating disease in potato and tomato and causes yield and quality losses worldwide. The disease first emerged in central America and has since spread in North America including the United States and Canada. Several new genotypes of P. infestans have recently emerged, including US-22, US-23 and US-24. Due to significant economic and environmental impacts, there has been an increasing interest in the rapid identification of P. infestans genotypes. In addition to providing details regarding the various phenotypic characteristics such as fungicide resistance, host preference, and pathogenicity associated with various P. infestans genotypes, information related to pathogen movement and potential recombination may also be determined from the genetic analyses. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis with the RG57 loci is one of the most reliable procedures used to genotype P. infestans. However, the RFLP procedure requires propagation and isolation of the pathogen and relatively large amounts of DNA. Isolation of the late blight pathogen is sometimes impossible due to the poor condition of the infected tissues or the presence of fungicide residues. In this study, we describe a procedure to identify P. infestans at the molecular level in planta using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) of the RG57 loci. This T-RFLP assay is sufficiently sensitive to detect and differentiate P. infestans genotypes directly in planta without propagation and isolation of the pathogen, to facilitate the timely implementation of best management practices. 相似文献
15.
Rosa Palmeri Cristina Restuccia Julieta Ines Monteleone Elisa Sperlinga Laura Siracusa Mauro Serafini Alberto Finamore Giovanni Spagna 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2017,72(2):211-218
Olive leaves represent a quantitatively significant by-product of agroindustry. They are rich in phenols, mainly oleuropein, which can be hydrolyzed into several bioactive compounds, including hydroxytyrosol. In this study, water extract from olive leaves ‘Biancolilla’ was analyzed for polyphenol profile, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity and protective effect on differentiated Caco-2 cells. The efficacy of two enzymatic treatments in promoting the release of bioactive phenols was investigated: a) enzymatic extract from Wickerhamomyces anomalus, characterized by β-glucosidase and esterase activities; b) commercial β-glucosidase. Composition and bioactivity of the resulting extracts were compared. The results showed that the yeast-treated extract presented hydroxytyrosol content and DPPH radical scavenging activity comparable to those obtained using commercial β-glucosidase; however, it was showed the additional presence of hydroxycinnamic acids. In experiments on Caco-2 cells, the leaf extracts promoted the recovery of cell membrane barrier at different minimum effective concentrations. The high specificity of W. anomalus enzymatic extract may represent an effective tool for the release of bioactive phenols from olive by-products. 相似文献
16.
Jaewoong Lee Royall M. Broughton Akin Akdag S. D. Worley Tung S. Huang 《Fibers and Polymers》2007,8(2):148-154
N-halamines serve as important antimicrobial agents. Development of this class of compounds has been shown to provide benefits
especially from a biocidal point of view. A novels-triazine-basedN-heterocycle, dichloro-m-aminophenyl-hydantoinyl-s-triazine (DAPHT), which could be rendered antimicrobial through exposure to diluted chlorine bleach, was synthesized and
characterized by1H NMR,13C NMR, and FT-IR. A finishing method was used to apply theN-halamine precursor onto cotton fabric, and the optimum conditions for finishing were investigated. The DAPHT-treated cotton
fabric had durable antimicrobial properties up to 50 standard washing cycles and was rechargeable under normal laundry/bleaching
conditions. The antimicrobial efficacy against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was demonstrated. 相似文献
17.
Yang Wang Weihua Jiang Hongmei Liu Ya Zeng Bo Du Lili Zhu Guangcun He Rongzhi Chen 《Rice》2017,10(1):51
Background
The brown planthopper (BPH) has become the most destructive and a serious threat to the rice production in Asia. Breeding the resistant varieties with improved host resistance is the most effective and ecosystem-friendly strategy of BPH biological management. As host resistance was always broken down by the presence of the upgrading BPH biotype, the more resistant varieties with novel resistance genes or pyramiding known identified BPH resistance genes would be needed urgently for higher resistant level and more durability of resistance.Results
Here, we developed near isogenic lines of Bph9 (NIL-Bph9) by backcrossing elite cultivar 93–11 with Pokkali (harboring Bph9) using marker-assisted selection (MAS). Subsequently, we pyramided Bph6 and Bph9 in 93–11 genetic background through MAS. The resulting Bph6 and Bph9 pyramided line LuoYang69 had stronger antixenotic and antibiosis effects on BPH and exhibited significantly enhanced resistance to BPH than near isogenic lines NIL-Bph6 and NIL-Bph9. LuoYang69 derived hybrids, harboring heterozygous Bph6 and Bph9 genes, also conferred high level of resistance to BPH. Furthermore, LuoYang69 did not affect the elite agronomic traits and rice grain quality of 93–11. The current study also developed functional markers for Bph9. Using functional dominant marker, we screened and evaluated worldwide accessions of rice germplasm. Of the 673 varieties tested, 8 cultivars were identified to harbor functional Bph9 gene.Conclusion
The development of Bph6 and Bph9 pyramided line LuoYang69 provides valuable resource to develop hybrid rice with highly and durable BPH resistance. The development of functional markers will promote MAS of Bph9. The identified Bph9 containing cultivars can be used as new sources for BPH resistance breeding programs.18.
Estefanía Valero-Cases María José Frutos 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2017,72(2):161-167
The prebiotic effect of different concentrations of inulin (0, 1 and 2%) on the growth and survival of Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) CECT 220 in blended carrot and orange juices was investigated after 24 h of fermentation, during 30 days of storage at 4 °C and through the phases of gastrointestinal digestion after different storage periods. Microbiological and chemical determinations were also carried out in all juices. The lactic fermentation increased the shelf life of the fermented juices with inulin. The hygienic-sanitary quality in fermented juices was better than the control juices. During storage, the inulin improved the viability of LP and the monosaccharide concentration remained higher with respect to the juice without inulin (40% lower). At 30 days, the fermented juices with 2% inulin after in vitro digestion presented the highest survival of L. plantarum. 相似文献
19.
Ana E. González-Santiago Belinda Vargas-Guerrero Pedro M. García-López Alma L. Martínez-Ayala José A. Domínguez-Rosales Carmen M. Gurrola-Díaz 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2017,72(2):134-140
Lupinus albus seeds contain conglutin gamma (Cγ) protein, which exerts a hypoglycemic effect and positively modifies proteins involved in glucose homeostasis. Cγ could potentially be used to manage patients with impaired glucose metabolism, but there remains a need to evaluate its effects on hepatic glucose production. The present study aimed to analyze G6pc, Fbp1, and Pck1 gene expressions in two experimental animal models of impaired glucose metabolism. We also evaluated hepatic and renal tissue integrity following Cγ treatment. To generate an insulin resistance model, male Wistar rats were provided 30% sucrose solution ad libitum for 20 weeks. To generate a type 2 diabetes model (STZ), five-day-old rats were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (150 mg/kg). Each animal model was randomized into three subgroups that received the following oral treatments daily for one week: 0.9% w/v NaCl (vehicle; IR-Ctrl and STZ-Ctrl); metformin 300 mg/kg (IR-Met and STZ-Met); and Cγ 150 mg/kg (IR-Cγ and STZ-Cγ). Biochemical parameters were assessed pre- and post-treatment using colorimetric or enzymatic methods. We also performed histological analysis of hepatic and renal tissue. G6pc, Fbp1, and Pck1 gene expressions were quantified using real-time PCR. No histological changes were observed in any group. Post-treatment G6pc gene expression was decreased in the IR-Cγ and STZ-Cγ groups. Post-treatment Fbp1 and Pck1 gene expressions were reduced in the IR-Cγ group but increased in STZ-Cγ animals. Overall, these findings suggest that Cγ is involved in reducing hepatic glucose production, mainly through G6pc inhibition in impaired glucose metabolism disorders. 相似文献
20.
Present paper reports a method of preparing polymer composite electrolyte nanofiber mat using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), ammonium
thiocynate (NH4SCN) salt, and aluminium oxide (Al2O3) nano particles based on electrospinning technique. Two-stage process of preparation of nanofibers, namely, preparation of
nano particles filled PVA electrolyte gel solution followed by its electrospinning has been used. The so obtained nanofibers
have been characterized by XRD, DSC, SEM, and Conductivity measurements. XRD patterns affirm the formation of nanocomposite
while SEM pictures reveal formation of fibers on a nano scale format (300–800 nm). Fibers of the electrolytes are seen to
be thermally stable. Ionic conductivity of electrolyte fiber is seen to improve in the presence of nano filler at room temperature
with a maximum at 5.31×10−3 Scm−1 for 4 wt% filler concentration, which is comparable to that for corresponding dried gel electrolyte films. 相似文献