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对白银市早熟马铃薯产区引进的13个中早熟马铃薯新品种进行了比较试验。结果表明,冀张薯12号折合产量48 927 kg/hm2,较对照品种克新1号增产10 782 kg/hm2,增产率28.27%;FY折合产量46 558 kg/hm2,较对照品种克新1号增产8 413 kg/hm2,增产率22.06%;陇薯4号折合产量46 554 kg/hm2,较对照品种克新1号增产8 409 kg/hm2,增产率22.05%。这3个品种均表现商品薯率较高、品质优良,适宜在当地种植。 相似文献
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在永登县对6个马铃薯品种进行了引种试验。结果表明,参试品种均能在8月30日前充分成熟,其中兴佳2号折合产量最高,为48 455 kg/hm2,比对照品种早大白增产6 415 kg/hm2,增产率15.26%,且黄皮黄肉,芽眼浅,薯形好,符合南种北繁需求,可作为中早熟品种适宜在永登地区推广种植。中薯5号折合产量 43 450 kg/hm2,较对照品种早大白增产3.35%,综合性状良好,可进一步试验。丽薯6号折合产量较高,但生育期为106 d,可在中晚熟品种种植区试种。 相似文献
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以当地品种新大坪为对照,对引进的9个马铃薯品种(系)的农艺性状和产量进行了观察分析。结果表明,各参试品种(系)在安定区及同类地区均能成熟。其中陇薯10号、dx8、青薯9号、陇薯7号、冀张薯8号、dx9较对照品种新大坪增产幅度较大。以陇薯10号产量最高,折合产量为31 481 kg/hm2,较对照增产121.5%。其次是dx8,为25 509 kg/hm2,较对照增产79.5%。陇薯9号居第3,为23 380 kg/hm2,较对照增产64.5%。陇薯7号居第4,产量为21 759 kg/hm2,较对照增产53.1%。冀张薯8号居第5,为20 000 kg/hm2,较对照增产40.7%。dx9居第6,为19 954 kg/hm2,较对照增产40.4%。以上6个品种(系)生育期适中、田间生长势强、平均单株结薯数5.2～6.1粒、芽眼浅或极浅、大薯率较高。综合分析,陇薯10号、青薯9号及冀张薯8号建议在安定区扩大种植。 相似文献
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为筛选出适宜天水市旱作区种植的优质马铃薯品种,解决马铃薯生产中存在的品种单一、抗病、优质专用品种相对缺乏及产量水平相对低下等问题。以当地主栽马铃薯品种陇薯6号为对照品种,对引进的11个马铃薯品种(系)进行了品种比较试验。结果表明,DSS-35折合产量最高,为35 704.05 kg/hm2,较对照品种陇薯6号增产15.23%;京张薯1号、陇薯20号折合产量较高,分别为34 784.40、34 340.85 kg/hm2,较对照品种陇薯6号分别增产12.26%、10.83%。这3个马铃薯品种(系)综合性状优良、商品薯率较高,较抗病毒病和环腐病,块茎晚疫病发病较轻,适宜在天水市旱作区及同类生态区种植。 相似文献
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马铃薯生产中存在品种多、乱、杂的问题,是目前制约武威地区马铃薯产业发展的主要原因。为筛选出适宜武威南部马铃薯主产区种植的优质高产抗病马铃薯品种,解决武威地区马铃薯品种退化、抗病性减弱、产量低等问题,对引进的11个马铃薯新品种在武威南部浅山区进行了品种比较试验。结果表明,中晚熟马铃薯品种青薯9号和中熟马铃薯品种希森6号具有良好的适应性、丰产性和较好的抗病性,折合产量分别为61 239.0、55 861.5 kg/hm2,较对照品种陇薯10号分别增产21.91%、11.20%,可以作为当地主栽品种陇薯10号的替代品种在武威市南部浅山区马铃薯主产区推广。 相似文献
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为解决甘肃省乃至西北地区马铃薯专用品种缺乏的问题,天水市农业科学研究所以晋薯11号为母本、天薯9号为父本杂交,利用常规杂交育种技术选育出了晚熟鲜食菜用型马铃薯新品种天薯19号。该品种在2019 — 2020年进行的国家马铃薯西北晚熟组区域试验中,2 a 18点(次)平均折合产量为32 490.0 kg/hm2,较对照品种陇薯6号增产3.0%。该品种生育期119 d左右,薯块卵圆形、黄皮黄肉、芽眼少而浅。薯块品质优良,鲜薯块茎含干物质204 g/kg、淀粉166 g/kg、维生素C 547 mg/kg、粗蛋白22.1 g/kg、还原糖3.5 g/kg。适宜在甘肃中东部、宁夏中南部、青海东部及生态类似区种植。 相似文献
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在榆中县川水地高垄黑色地膜覆盖灌溉栽培条件下,对甘肃省农业科学院马铃薯研究所自育的14个马铃薯新品系进行了品比试验。结果表明,马铃薯新品系L1011-15折合产量最高,达48 728.10 kg/hm2,较对照品种陇薯10号增产8.8％;L08104-13折合产量次之,为48 005.40 kg/hm2,较对照陇薯10号增产7.2％。综合评价,L1011-15、L08104-12这2个新品系综合性状优良,生长健壮,抗逆性强,折合产量高,抗病性强,且薯块大、丰产性好,可作为榆中县川水地高垄黑色地膜覆盖灌溉栽培的优良马铃薯晚熟品种种植。 相似文献
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以大西洋为对照,对8个马铃薯品种在沿山冷凉区进行了品比试验。结果表明,折合产量以青薯9号最高,为54 208.3 kg/hm2,比对照品种大西洋增产66.75％;兴佳2号次之,为50 616.7 kg/hm2,比对照增产55.70%;冀张薯12号排第3,为37 991.7 kg/hm2,比对照增产16.87%。折合产值以红芋最高,为41 193.28元/hm2,比对照增收9.24％;兴佳2号次之,产值40 493.36元/hm2,比对照增收7.38%;黑美人排第3,为39 637.90元/hm2,比对照增收5.11%。兴佳2号适宜山丹县及周边地区推广种植,彩色马铃薯红芋和黑美人可根据市场需求适度种植。 相似文献
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M. Kaplan 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(2):237-244
Copper (Cu)‐containing fertilizers, fungicides, and bactericides has been used extensively in the greenhouses in the Antalya province in recent decades with the use of such materials tending to increase year by year. The level of DTPA‐extractable Cu was determined in 210 soils (0–20 and 20–40 cm depth) and 105 leaf samples obtained from 105 tomato greenhouses. The DTPA‐extractable Cu contents of the soils taken from the 0–20 depth ranged between 0.76 and 88.03 mg kg‐1 (mean 7.79 mg kg‐1). The percentage of soils containing DTPA‐extractable Cu greater than the critical toxicity level (20 mg kg‐1) was 8.1. The Cu content of tomato leaf samples ranged between 2.4 and 1,490 mg kg‐1 (mean 166.5 mg kg‐1). The Cu concentration in leaf samples was very high due to the intensive use of foliar applied Cu‐containing chemicals. As a consequence, 24.8% of the leaf tomato samples analyzed contained over 200 mg Cu kg‐1, the maximum accepted tolerance level. Therefore, it may be necessary to reduce the use of Cu‐containing pesticides and fertilizers, or at least reduce the amount of Cu‐containing fertilizers being used in those greenhouses where Cu‐containing pesticides have been or are being used. 相似文献
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Leila Shekari Maryam Mozafariyan Mirza Hasanuzzaman Farshad Sadeghi 《Journal of plant nutrition》2017,40(6):761-772
Selenium (Se) is an essential element for humans but is not considered as essential for plants. However, its beneficial role in improving plant growth and stress tolerances is well established. In order to study the role of Se in cadmium (Cd) toxicity in pepper (Capsicum frutescens cv. Suryankhi Cluster), this experiment was carried out in greenhouse conditions. Treatments comprised Cd [0, 0.25, and 0.5 mM cadmium chloride (CdCl2)] and Se [0, 3, and 7 µM sodium selenite (Na2SeO3)] with three replications. The result showed that Cd decreased chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids, whereas Se supplementation diminished Cd toxicity on photosynthetic pigment. Selenium at 7 µM significantly increased the leaf area in the plants grown at 0.25 mM Cd. The application of Se at 3 µM with 0.25 mM Cd and Se at 3 µM and Se at 7 µM with 0.5 mM Cd increased the activity of catalase (CAT). Selenium at 7 µM decreased the proline content of pepper leaves exposed to Cd at 0.5 mM (30%). Selenium significantly enhanced the antioxidant activity of leaves, which was diminished by Cd toxicity. In general, Se has a beneficial effect on plant growth and is an antioxidant enzyme of pepper cv. Suryankhi Cluster under Cd stress and non-stress conditions. 相似文献
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红壤区不同肥力水稻土根际硝化作用特征 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
通过根际培养箱(三室)——速冻切片技术研究了红壤地区高、低两种肥力下水稻苗期根表、根际和土体土壤矿质态氮含量和硝化强度,以及水稻生长、氮素积累的差异。结果表明,肥力水平对水稻根表和根际土壤铵态氮(NH4+-N)含量无显著影响,但高肥力显著提高土体土壤NH4+-N含量,以及根表、根际和土体土壤硝态氮(NO3--N)含量及硝化强度。两种肥力水稻土硝化强度最大值均出现在距根表2 mm处,分别为0.20和0.31μmol kg-1 h-1。土体土壤硝化强度随距根表距离增加而降低,低肥力土壤在距根表10～40mm处时硝化强度接近本底值,而高肥力土壤在距根表20～40 mm处时接近本底值。与不种水稻的CK相比,种植水稻显著提高根际土壤硝化强度。高肥力能显著改善水稻生长,增加植株氮素积累量,尤其显著促进根系生长及通气组织发育。由于红壤稻田肥力水平的差异造成水稻根际硝化强度以及水稻吸收NO3-的差异,导致高肥条件下水稻显示出更强的生长势和氮素吸收利用能力。因此,合理提高红壤稻田肥力水平对改善红壤区水稻根际土壤硝化作用及水稻氮素营养具有重要意义。 相似文献
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自由基在鸡肾病发生中的作用研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
肾病即急性肾小管坏死.鸡肾病在养鸡生产中极为常见,尤其近年来,鸡肾病的发生日益增多,由于其发生机制不清楚,临床治疗鸡肾病的依据不足,致使治疗效果不佳,为此,提出本研究以探讨鸡肾病的发生机制,为本病防治提供理论依据. 相似文献
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Sandro Froehner Karina Scurupa Machado Elisa Stefen Marcelo Nolasco 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2011,219(1-4):591-599
The presence of sexual hormones (female estrogens) was assessed in sediments of a mangrove located in the urban region of southern Brazil. The estrogens are involved in human sexual reproduction. They act as the chemical messengers, and they are classified as natural and synthetic. The estrogens inputs in the environment are from treated and untreated sewage. The presence of estrogens in sewage is excretion from the female due to natural production and use of contraceptives (synthetic estrogens). With the indiscriminate release of sewage into the environment, estrogens can be found in rivers, lakes, and even in oceans. In this work, the presence of estrone (E1), 17-??-estradiol (E2), and 17-??-ethynilestradiol (EE2) in eight sedimentary stations in Itacorubi mangrove located on Santa Catarina Island, south Brazil, was investigated. Historically, the Itacorubi mangrove has been impacted by anthropogenic activities because the mangrove is inserted in the urban area of the Florianopolis. The estrogen EE2, used as contraceptive, had the highest concentration in mangrove sediment, 129.75?±?3.89 ng/g. E2 was also found, with its concentration ranging from 0.90?±?0.03 to 39.77?±?1.19 ng/g. Following the mechanism, under aerobic or anaerobic conditions, E2 will first be oxidized to E1, which is further oxidized to unknown metabolites and finally to CO2 and water (mineralized). EE2 is oxidized to unknown metabolites and also finally mineralized. Theoretically, under anaerobic conditions, EE2 can be reduced to E1 even in environments such as mangrove which is essentially anaerobic. 相似文献
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《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(15):1948-1959
Brazil is the largest producer of oranges (Citrus sinensis) in the world. The nutrient management of tree orchards is designed from experiments with a limited number of varieties. This knowledge is transferred to other varieties by diagnosing tissue nutrient composition and tree demand. Compositional data analysis has been first applied to tissue analysis of agricultural crops using centered log ratios with compositional nutrient diagnosis (CND-clr). The isometric log ratio (ilr) transformation is a new approach based on binary nutrient ratios and the principle of orthogonality (CND-ilr). We analyzed eleven nutrients: nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), boron (B), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and iron (Fe) in leaf tissue samples across 108 commercial plots (thirty-one grow Valencia, twenty-two Hamlim, twenty Pera, and thirty-five Natal). Nutrients were partitioned between macro- and micronutrients as well as anionic and cationic species. The effect size of varieties over Valencia was quantified by the mean and standard deviation of ilr values across ilr coordinates. Specific varietal nutrient profiles and ilr norms were defined. The nutrient profile of orange varieties could be classified into homogeneous groups to take advantage of fertilizer trials conducted on varieties of the same group. The Aitchison distance and a perturbation vector could be instrumental for diagnostic purposes and nutrient management. 相似文献
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Ohnishi H Iwanaga S Kawazoe K Ishizawa K Orino S Tomita S Tsuchiya K Kanematsu Y Harada N Mori K Tsuchihashi T Ishikawa Y Tamaki T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(21):10092-10098
This study investigated whether reducing agents such as quercetin and iron(II) facilitate formation of nitric oxide (NO) gas from orally ingested nitrite in an vivo study. When 3 mg/kg Na (15)NO2 was orally administered to rats with or without iron(II) or quercetin, Hb (15)NO, which is indicative of systemic (15)NO, was detected in the blood, with the maximum blood concentration of Hb (15)NO at 15 min after nitrite or nitrite plus quercetin treatment, whereas after administration of nitrite plus iron(II) or nitrite plus iron(II) and quercetin, the time was shortened to 10 min. Interestingly, iron(II), quercetin, or iron(II) plus quercetin did not affect the total amount of Hb (15)NO generated from orally administered Na (15)NO2. However, the systemic nitrite concentration was significantly decreased in the presence of iron(II) or iron(II) plus quercetin. These results may indicate that iron(II) is critical to the generation of NO gas from nitrite, whereas quercetin contributed little under the in vivo experimental conditions. 相似文献
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Role of aldehyde oxidase in the hepatic in vitro metabolism of 3-methylindole in pigs 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The metabolism of 3-hydroxy-3-methylindolenine (HMI), a recently discovered metabolite of 3-methylindole (3MI, skatole) produced by porcine liver microsomes, was investigated in vitro using porcine liver cytosol. HMI was rapidly metabolized to a single product, 3-hydroxy-3-methyloxindole (HMOI), by porcine cytosol. By the use of the selective inhibitors menadione and quinacrine, it was shown that the enzyme responsible for the oxidation of HMI into HMOI was aldehyde oxidase (AO; aldehyde:oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.2.3.1). The activity of AO in the conversion of HMI to HMOI was measured in a population of pigs (n = 30) with a wide range of 3MI levels in back fat (0.07-0.30 mg/kg). AO activity was found to be negatively correlated (r = -0.70; P < 0.001) with the level of 3MI in fat. The results of the present study suggest that AO plays an important role in the metabolism of 3MI in the pig and that its catalytic activity is related to an adequate 3MI clearance. 相似文献
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东北黑土土壤磷的纬向分异 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
以中国东北的中纬度黑土区为样带,研究了有机磷浓度与有机质、全氮浓度的关系;全磷、有机磷、无机磷及有机磷和无机磷的比率与纬度分布的关系。结果表明,有机磷和有机质、全氮浓度具有良好的相关性,它们之间的相关系数分别为0.90和0.92,呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。全磷、有机磷、无机磷、Po/Pi在纬度上都存在不同程度的分异规律,即随着纬度的升高,其浓度或比率均有逐渐升高的趋势;其相关系数分别为0.68、0.77、0.26和0.60,相关分析表明,这些纬向分异规律都达极显著水平(P<0.01)。除了无机磷的纬向分异原因尚不明确之外,其他纬向分异的原因可能是由于黑土南北样带气候热量上的差异和人类活动的影响所致,从而造成南北样带之间有机质的矿化程度和速率产生差异。 相似文献