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介绍了四环素类抗生素的八个主要代表产品的产品形式、生产工艺、质量标准、生产厂家,梳理了四环素类抗生素当前的生产状况。通过梳理这些品种在医药、兽药、饲料添加剂上的应用和新用途的发现,预见了各品种发展方向和市场前景,得到如下结论：围绕替加环素的开发,去甲金霉素、米诺环素的生产有较大的发展空间和良好的市场前景,四环素类抗生素一代产品在兽药和饲料添加剂上,仍然有一定市场需要,通过老药新用发现,特别是替加环素的特殊贡献,说明四环素类抗生素还有较大市场空间。 相似文献
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本文分析总结了欧盟2009至2019年来以猪、牛、绵羊和山羊养殖为主的畜牧养殖业发展动态及相应的兽药市场销售情况,并从欧盟兽药市场具体情况及其在全球兽药市场的地位角度进行了分析,认为欧盟兽药市场以驱虫药和疫苗为主,抗生素和其他兽药为辅。为国内兽药产业从业者了解欧盟兽药市场,以及国内外兽药产业对比提供了具体数据,有助于对国内外兽药产业进行全面的分析。 相似文献
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Network on veterinary medicines initiated by the European Federation For Pharmaceutical Sciences 
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下载免费PDF全文 L. Dencker R. T. Cristina H. Linden I. Schmerold 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2018,41(3):378-383
The European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences (EUFEPS) was founded 25 years ago by more than 20 national pharmaceutical societies and faculty members. As a pan‐European organization, it brings together pharmaceutical societies as well as academic, industrial and regulatory scientists engaged in drug research and development, drug regulation and education of professionals working in these fields. EUFEPS represents pharmaceutical sciences in Europe and is recognized as such by both the European Commission and the European Medicines Agency. EUFEPS cooperates with the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and other European organizations and maintains global connections with agencies such as the US Food and Drug Administration and the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists. EUFEPS has established specified networks forming the basis of its activities. The creation of a Network on Veterinary Medicines is prompted by the manifold problems resulting from the use of veterinary drugs and its inherent interconnections with human medicine, environmental and public health. A long‐term goal of this initiative was to expand the spectrum of available therapeutics for use in animals, including the development of innovative delivery systems. 相似文献
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当今养殖业,兽用抗菌药在防治疾病和保障动物产品安全方面发挥着巨大作用,但不合理、不规范的使用甚至滥用也会造成极大危害。基于兽用抗菌药使用过程中存在的问题,从兽用抗菌药的作用、使用现状、危害,以及如何在减抗替抗的背景下合理使用兽用抗菌药等方面进行综述,以期为养殖者在减抗替抗背景下合理使用兽用抗菌药提供参考。 相似文献
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介绍了中西方兽药广告宣传的各种表现形式,分析了中西方文化差异对兽药广告宣传的影响,提出了我国兽药广告宣传在融合中西方文化的同时,要多学习西方优秀作品的创意,使之相互融合、相互渗透的发展建议,从而推动我国优秀的兽药企业及兽药产品走向世界。 相似文献
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Resistance to anti‐microbial agents has become one of the main issues in public health strategies world‐wide. Much attention has been paid to the emergence of pathogenic micro‐organisms such as enterococci or Salmonella that have developed resistance mechanisms that render them almost untreatable with current antibiotics. One of the alleged reasons for such an emergence is the non‐medical use of antibiotics, especially in animals. However, only recently have veterinary forums and journals begun to discuss this topic. On the other hand, anti‐microbial resistance has also become a problem in veterinary medicine and the number of reports indicating high rates of resistance among animal‐originated micro‐organisms is considerable. The present review deals with the mechanisms of resistance known for antibiotics in common veterinary use, the problem of anti‐microbial resistance in veterinary medicine and the links between the use of antibiotics in animals and the emergence of anti‐microbial resistance in humans. 相似文献
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基于对山东省兽药生产企业和养殖企业中兽药生产和使用情况的调研,本文深入分析了我省中兽药发展现状和存在的问题,针对性地提出了中兽药产业发展的对策建议。需着力构建全产业链发展格局;不断释放市场创新创业活力;快速实现我省中兽药产业现代化;充分发挥好政策对产业引领作用;着力打造专业化人才队伍。并不断推进兽用抗菌药减量化示范行动等综合措施,从根本上遏制兽用抗菌药滥用,提倡使用中兽药等绿色高效产品的减抗行动,以期降低细菌耐药性的发生和发展,保障畜禽产品质量安全。 相似文献
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抗菌增效剂属于人工合成的二氨基嘧啶类药物，此类药物与抗菌药物联合使用时会以特定的机制来增强抗菌药的药物活性。近年来，由于抗生素的广泛使用甚至滥用导致细菌耐药的问题日益显现，通过加入抗菌增效剂而研制出的新制剂可以提高抗菌药在动物体内的利用率、降低药物用量、增强药物疗效、降低兽药残留及减少细菌耐药性。文章分析了近年来甲氧苄啶、二甲氧苄啶和艾地普林与各类抗生素的联合使用制备的制剂产品，发现其对疾病的治疗效果普遍优于单独使用抗生素。同时，配合中药的使用对细菌耐药的问题有显著改善，为后期抗菌增效剂的研究打开新的局面。随着对兽药制剂的研究，其不再局限于简单的剂型，通过运用新技术、新材料研制出的制剂，针对不同的给药部位和给药途径可以对病患进行更精准的治疗，减少药物达到靶部位的时间，增加患病部位的药量，此思路可为后续的研发方向提供支持和参考。文章将对抗菌药-抗菌增效剂联用制剂的研发情况进行综述。 相似文献
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动物源细菌耐药性对动物细菌传染性疾病防治的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
通过阐述动物源细菌耐药性的产生及演变趋势,分析抗生素在兽医领域中的应用情况,探讨动物细菌传染性疾病的防治策略,旨在了解细菌耐药性对动物细菌传染性疾病治疗的影响,为兽用药品特别是兽用细菌疫苗的发展提供参考,促进动物卫生安全和公共卫生安全。 相似文献
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文章根据2000-2017年中美兽药产品贸易的进口额和出口额，计算了中美两国兽药产品产业内贸易G-L指数及B指数，分析两国兽药产业内贸易情况。经研究认为，中美兽药产业内贸易整体水平不高，但是呈近年来上升趋势，且中美兽药贸易增加的原因以产业内贸易为主。另外，中美兽药产业的产业内贸易可能是受到市场需求差异、产品差异、规模经济等因素的影响。最后，针对研究结果提出促进中美产业内贸易发展的建议,包括继续充分利用两国资源禀赋的互补性，加大技术引进、技术创新的力度，加强中美兽药产业贸易更进一步向产业内贸易的转化。 相似文献
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Prospects for discovering new antiparasitic drugs for veterinary medicine in the coming century will be determined by economic, social and scientific factors. Consolidation in the pharmaceutical industry in general, and the animal health industry in particular, changes the business conditions in which drug discovery for veterinary medicine occurs. Social pressures on traditional animal agriculture and companion animal ownership have shifted the interest of animal companies primarily to pet medicine. Antiparasitic drug discovery is more than ever targeted to the most lucrative market segments, but the excellence of available drugs, and the apparent lack of resistance in important parasites, reduces industrial motivation to invest in parasitology. Veterinary parasitologists in academia will still have the chance to interact with their industrial counterparts in the traditional ways of supporting drug discovery and development. Nonetheless, there are many new opportunities to expand the research horizons of veterinary parasitology to strengthen the case for retaining a significant presence in the animal health industry. 相似文献
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为了解与分析宁夏2016～2019年兽药产品抽检中不合格产品概况,以利于有目的有重点地对兽药产品的质量进行有效监督,根据宁夏兽药饲料监察所2016～2019年抽检兽药产品的统计数据,对抽检项目、剂型、类别及来源等进行统计分析。结果表明,四年共抽检产品1265批次,其中合格1165批,不合格100批,合格率为92.09%。不合格项目主要为含量测定;不合格产品以中药类最多;不合格剂型,以散剂为主;不合格产品多来自经营环节。应加强兽药产品的监督与指导,保证广大养殖户用药安全有效以及保障畜产品质量安全。 相似文献
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2019年我国兽用抗菌药物使用情况分析研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对2019年国内兽用抗菌药物销量数据进行了统计分析,按照兽用抗菌药销售量等同于使用量的评价指标,结果发现,国内兽药使用总量为37159.12吨;其中,使用量最大的是四环素类,占比36.56%;促生长用抗菌药的用量为14871.05吨,占比48.12%;每吨动物产品兽用抗菌药使用量为160 g。与2018年相比,兽用抗菌药物使用量略有上升,每吨动物产品使用的抗菌药物量也同比增加,这提示我国兽用抗菌药物使用管理不能放松,减抗政策需继续实施,久久为功。 相似文献
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A literature review of reports of the stability and storage of common injectable chemotherapy agents used in veterinary patients 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Many chemotherapy drugs used in human patients are discarded after single use or within 24 h of reconstitution, as per the manufacturer's product label recommendations. This can be wasteful and costly to veterinary clients. This report reviews the published stability and storage data for 19 injectable chemotherapy drugs commonly used in veterinary medicine. Based on these data, storage procedures are presented, assuming aseptic technique and a closed system drug transfer device (CSDTD) are used for drug preparation and handling. Further studies on the risk of microbiological contamination of chemotherapeutics using a CSDTD, and validated high quality drug assays such as stability‐indicating high‐performance liquid chromatography, are required. The authors' intent is not to supersede product label recommendations, but to suggest that longer storage without significant loss of drug efficacy may be possible, thus reducing the costs of chemotherapeutics to some veterinary clients. 相似文献
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呼和浩特地区牛乳及其乳制品中兽药残留现状调查 《畜牧与饲料科学》2016,37(12):35-35
旨在了解呼和浩特地区牛乳及其乳制品中兽药残留现状。采用现场调查、问卷调查等方法,调查了65家经销奶产品超市及60家奶产品特产经销店乳制品的销售情况,调查了139名呼和浩特市市民对牛乳及其乳制品的食用情况;调查了35个牛场驻场兽医及10名相关专家在临床上的兽药使用现状。采用回顾性调查方法,调查了2014—2015年内蒙古有关权威部门采用LC-MS-MS、ELISA等方法对呼和浩特地区370份牛乳进行兽药残留检测的结果。采用HPLC方法,检测了呼和浩特地区74份牛乳制品样本中的兽药残留。调查结果显示,呼和浩特市被调查的对象中96.41%的消费者食用牛乳及其乳制品,56.11%的消费者关注乳制品中兽药残留问题;呼和浩特地区牛乳总销量的94.46%来自于呼和浩特地区奶牛场,5.54%来自于其他地区;94.44%的牛场有专职兽医;20%的被调查牛场有超量使用兽药的情况,85.71%的被调查牛场有用药记录,94.29%的被调查牛场严格执行兽药休药期;100%的牛场对所产牛乳进行抗菌药物检测;目前呼和浩特地区兽医临床最常用的4种抗菌药物分别为青霉素、氨苄西林、阿莫西林及头孢噻呋,其他有庆大霉素、甲硝唑等。实验室检测结果显示,呼和浩特地区2014—2015年生产的牛乳中兽药残留均为阴性,市售乳制品样本中亦未检出残留。呼和浩特各辖区生产、流通的牛乳及其乳制品均符合动物性食品中兽药最高残留限量要求。 相似文献
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Already fifty years ago, when antibiotics were introduced, their effectiveness was challenged by certain bacteria which had the ability to resist the bacteriocidal effect of the antibiotics. Development of such resistance is due to selection pressure that results from the use of antibiotics in therapy, particularly in human medicine. In Switzerland, the veterinary public health aspect of this problem has become of current interest. The ban on the use of growth promoters has triggered the need for an update of the statistical information on the phenomena of resistance and the setting up of a surveillance system of antibioresistance in animals and in products of animal origin. 相似文献
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Mathematical modeling and simulation in animal health – Part II: principles,methods, applications,and value of physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling in veterinary medicine and food safety assessment 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Z. Lin R. Gehring J. P. Mochel T. Lavé J. E. Riviere 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2016,39(5):421-438
This review provides a tutorial for individuals interested in quantitative veterinary pharmacology and toxicology and offers a basis for establishing guidelines for physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model development and application in veterinary medicine. This is important as the application of PBPK modeling in veterinary medicine has evolved over the past two decades. PBPK models can be used to predict drug tissue residues and withdrawal times in food‐producing animals, to estimate chemical concentrations at the site of action and target organ toxicity to aid risk assessment of environmental contaminants and/or drugs in both domestic animals and wildlife, as well as to help design therapeutic regimens for veterinary drugs. This review provides a comprehensive summary of PBPK modeling principles, model development methodology, and the current applications in veterinary medicine, with a focus on predictions of drug tissue residues and withdrawal times in food‐producing animals. The advantages and disadvantages of PBPK modeling compared to other pharmacokinetic modeling approaches (i.e., classical compartmental/noncompartmental modeling, nonlinear mixed‐effects modeling, and interspecies allometric scaling) are further presented. The review finally discusses contemporary challenges and our perspectives on model documentation, evaluation criteria, quality improvement, and offers solutions to increase model acceptance and applications in veterinary pharmacology and toxicology. 相似文献