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1.
74只山羊,分成六组,在发情周期的8～15天(发情当天为0天)肌注不同剂量的前列腺素类似物(15甲基PGF2α),其中4、5和6组在注射PGF2α时及其后22小时,每2小时采血一次,22小时后直至发情每12小时采血一次。用放射免疫法测定血浆孕酮浓度。同时观察记录发情间隔时间。结果表明:(1)PGF2α注射后2小时,血浆孕酮即明显下降;4小时,三组分别由注射时的3.4922±0.2561、2.7808±0.9405和4.1897±0.8953 ng/ml,下降到1.3840±0.2410、0.8259±0.1580和1.0523±0.1358ng/ml。(2)间隔12小时,重复注射PGF2α对血浆孕酮水平无明显影响。(3)PGF2α注射后,1～6组羊发情间隔时间分别为34.67±3.86、39.20±6.05、57.86±4.76、47.50±3.57、56.00±6.71和41.20±5.79小时。PGF2α一次注射组,发情间隔时间随处理剂量的增加而延长(r=0.59,P<0.05)。  相似文献   

2.
:6只成年考力代妊娠母羊 ,经 2周适应饲养后随机分为两组。在安装颈静脉血管瘘后 ,一组通过颈静脉瘘管灌注胆酸 ( 2mg/kg) ,另一组同步灌注等量的生理盐水。间隔 1 4天灌注 1次 ,直至分娩。在灌注前和灌注后每天定时采取血样 ,测定血浆IGF -1水平 ,研究绵羊围产期血浆IGF -1的动态变化及胆酸负荷对其的影响。结果表明 ,围产期母羊血浆IGF -1正常水平在 572 .1 0± 2 0 7.1 5ng/ml～ 787.1 2±4 2 .33ng/ml之间 ,没有明显的动态变化规律。但分娩后的IGF -1平均水平显著低于分娩前平均值 ,分别是 639.54± 56.37ng/ml和 70 5.2 1± 52 .2 4ng/ml(P <0 .0 5)。胆酸灌注组母羊妊娠后期血浆IGF -1水平平均为 62 5.2 8± 85.56ng/ml,比对照母羊低 (P <0 .0 5)。本研究提示妊娠后期绵羊母体血浆高水平的IGF -1可能与胎儿生长发育有关 ;胆酸负荷可能影响了妊娠母体的肝功能或胎盘的调节作用  相似文献   

3.
控制光照期光照在9.5小时一天以内的试验组,公鹅血浆睾酮含量三次测定平均为6.155ng/ml,而处于自然光照下饲养的对照组为4.850ng/ml,较试验组低。恢复自然光照期,试验组公鹅血浆睾酮含量为5.135±3.481ng/ml,低于对照组的6.456±3.363ng/ml;控制光照期间试验组睾丸重量、体积均比对照组大,左侧睾丸最大时分别为  相似文献   

4.
为了研究双峰驼精液诱导排卵的机制,本文用放射免疫测定法对双峰母驼人工输精诱导排卵前后外周血浆促黄体素(LH)孕酮(P)和17β一雌二醇(E_2)的含量进行了测定。母驼在卵泡发育周期中,LH的基础水平为2.7±1.2ng/ml。输精后4小时LH达到高峰,峰值为6.9±1.0ng/ml,约为基础水平的2.6倍。输精后30～48小时内排卵。在卵泡自然萎缩前一天也出现一个LH小峰(5.3±2.5ng/ml)。 在卵泡发育周期中,血浆孕酮处于低水平(0.36±0.28ng/ml)。诱导排卵后第3天增加到1.73±0.74ng/ml,第8天可达2.40±0.86ng/ml。血浆雌二醇在卵泡发育周期中平均为26.8±9.0Pg/ml,到卵泡成熟时可达30.8±5.1pg/ml,排卵后立即下降到19.0±4.1Pg/ml。但在排卵后3天又上升到29.8±6.5Pg/ml,在其它家畜中未见这种情况。 实验中设置7种对照组,证明双峰驼的排卵仅仅是由具有生殖能力的公驼精液诱导产生的,表明在这样的精液中可能存在着与排卵有密切关系的诱导排卵因子。  相似文献   

5.
本试验采用放射免疫法测定了卵巢囊肿奶牛外周血浆中促黄体素、孕酮、雌二醇和睾酮水平。测定结果,促黄体素水平卵泡囊肿为0.84±0.25ng/ml(n=12),黄体囊肿为0.83±0.23ng/ml(n=5);孕酮水平卵泡囊肿为0.56±0.30ng/ml(n=12),黄体囊肿为2.85±0.64ng/ml(n=5);雌二醇水平卵泡囊肿为28.44±22.47pg/ml(n=12),黄体囊肿为8.14±0.88pg/ml(n=5);睾酮水平卵泡囊肿为84.67±40.40pg/ml(n=12),黄体囊肿为51.98±7.77pg/ml(n=5)。认为卵巢囊肿奶牛外周血浆中促黄体素水平低于正常期奶牛的水平;卵泡囊肿奶牛血浆中孕酮水平低于1ng/ml,黄体囊肿奶牛血浆中孕酮水平高于1ng/ml;卵泡囊肿奶牛血浆中雌二醇水平较高;卵泡囊肿奶牛公牛相与体内高水平睾酮有关。  相似文献   

6.
本实验在国内首次建立了描记奶牛子宫内压的体内微型压力传感器法,为对子宫进行生理、病理及药理学研究提供了一个实用手段。 本实验利用压力传感器法描记了16头母牛产后4小时和24小时的子宫内压并同时测定了血浆17β-雌二醇和孕酮的水平,其中胎衣正常排出7头(NRFM),胎衣不下9头(RFM)。结果如下:产后4小时NRFM和RFM牛子宫活动单位(平均收缩压×10分钟收缩次数)分别为183.19±19.15和37.12±16.79(P<0.01);产后24小时子宫活动单位NRFM牛为32.75±4.5,RFM牛为31.65±6.33(P>0.05),此时静注30单位催产素后子宫活动单位分别增加17.4和5.5倍(P<0.01)。NRFM牛产后4和24小时血浆17β-雌二醇水平为99.96±42.69和27.16±10.92pg/ml,RFM牛为188.06±63.85和106.93±72.28pg/ml(P<0.01);产后4和24小时血浆孕酮水平NRFM牛为2.0802±0.4072和1.9815±0.4312ng/ml,RFM牛分别为1.9635±0.6208和1.8734±0.6017ng/ml(P>0.05)。  相似文献   

7.
放射免疫法测定枫泾(FJ)和长白(L)青年母猪(各4头)首次发情周期内外周血清中促卵泡素(FSH)、促黄体素(LH)、17β-雌二醇(E_2)、孕酮(P_4)、和睾酮(T)的含量。测定结果,初情期开始日龄FJ猪平均为104.3±11.50天,L猪为235.0±1.95天。两猪种首次发情周期内外周血清中同种生殖激素有相似的变化趋势。在首次情期内,FJ和L猪的FSH平均含量分别波动在28.6±8.6～49.4±6.0ng/ml和16.8±2.5～38.9±0ng/ml之间;FSH总平均含量FJ猪组(37.8±2.7)显著高于L猪(27.0±3.1ng/ml)P<0.05;FJ猪发情0～2小时的FSH平均含量(34.4±2.1ng/ml)极显著地高于L猪(22.2±1.7ng/ml)P<0.001。排卵前LH峰均值FJ猪组(5.31±0.75ng/ml)显著高于L猪组(1.83±0.75ng/ml)P<0.05。发情当天(0天)E_2达峰值,FJ和L猪组分别是30.5±3.9和20.4±5.3pg/ml,两者无显著差异(P>0.05)。FJ和L猪组各自的P_4(ng/ml)和T(pg/ml)分泌呈显著正相关,相关系数依次为γ_F=0.71,P<0.05,γ_L=0.95,P<0.01。LH、FSH的含量高很可能是FJ猪高排卵率的重要因素之一。  相似文献   

8.
本研究应用放射免疫分析法,测定了关中驴产后期(n=18)和发情期(n=6)血浆17β-雌二醇(E_2)、孕酮(P)和辜酮(T)的浓度。测定结果表明,产后第一次发情前血浆E_2浓度较低(12.22±1.92pg/ml),第一次发情期逐渐上升,排卵前第一天和第二天达到较高水平(19.48±2.16pg/ml和20.41±3.27pg/ml,±SE,P<0.05),排卵后降至基础浓度。产后第一次发情前血浆P浓度较低(2.74±0.51ng/ml),排卵后逐渐上升,第四天和第五天显著和极显著高于排卵前P水平,血浆值为6.19±0.66ng/ml和8.09±1.09ng/ml(P<0.05和P<0.01)。产后第一次发情前血浆T浓度较高,发情期下降,排卵后逐渐上升,第五天和第六天显著和极显著高于发情期T水平,分别为313.11±37.57pg/ml和356.73±46.37pg/ml(P<0.05和P<0.01)。产后第一次排卵前P/E_2和P/T比值均较低,排卵后上升,第五天分别达到861和25.83。产后第一次发情前T/E_2比值较高,发情期下降,排卵后上升,第五天达到33.34。排卵前后间隔6小时采样的分析结果表明,排卵前第30～24小时,E_2浓度急剧上升达到峰值。排卵后P浓度于第78～96小时达到较高水平。血浆E_2与P、E_2与T均呈中等负相关(r=-0.42和r=-0.41)。P与T为极显著正相关(r=0.92)。周期性发情期血浆E_2、P、T浓度的分泌范型和产后第一次发情期基本相似。  相似文献   

9.
选择60头1岁龄健康黄牛作输精管结扎,将其分成3组:颈结组、背结组和对照组,各组20头。在同样饲养条件下,当牛生长到3岁龄时,各组平均体重分别为220.10±2.16、214.00±2.13和221.90±2.30kg。处理组和对照组间各自的平均体重、体高、体长、胸围和管围没有明显差异(P>0.05),结扎对生长发育和健康无明显的影响。通过放射免疫测定法研究血浆睾酮和17β-雌二醇的季节变化,就试验组而言,血浆睾酮水平在繁殖季节高于非繁殖季节(4.88±0.39kg/ml:3.93±0.41ng/ml),p<0.05。同样,血浆17β—雌二醇水平繁殖季节高于非繁殖季节(41.10±8.97pg/ml:30.15±3.81pg/ml),P<0.05。处理组与对照组间比较,在性欲强度变化上没有明显差异(P>0.01)。  相似文献   

10.
某些发情现象的诱导得到了成功。用25mg PGF_(2a)处理,于注射后48—72小时内引起粘液分泌并持续4—5天。直肠触诊感觉到黄体急剧退化。六头水牛在九次处理中,血清孕酮含量从处理前的1.76±0.01(s·d)ng/ml于注射后24小时内下降到小于0.25ng/ml。在11天左右,浓度上升,在18.50±2.45天达到1.78±0.62ng/ml的高峰。  相似文献   

11.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

12.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

13.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

14.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

15.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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16.
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.  相似文献   

17.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb albumin - ALT alanine aminotransferase - AST aspartate aminotransferase - BUN blood urea nitrogen - Chol cholesterol - Glob globulin - -GT -glutamyl transpeptidase - IP inorganic phosphorus - TP total protein  相似文献   

18.
A knowledge of the microbiological status of milk and of the different structures in the mammary glands has great importance in elucidating the pathogenesis of mammary gland infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological status of various structures in the mammary glands from naturally infected dairy cows following slaughter. A total of 94 samples of milk, 184 samples of mammary parenchyma, 168 samples of gland cisterns, and 168 samples of teat cisterns were collected for microbiological examination. Microorganisms were detected in 59.9% of all samples, 67.0% of the milk samples, 70.1% of the mammary parenchymas, 55.9% of the gland cisterns and 48.8% of the teat cistern samples. When all samples were considered, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were the most prevalent (35.7%) followed by coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (12.2%), Corynebacterium bovis (2.4%), Prototheca sp. (1.9%), and Streptococcus dysgalactiae (1.5%). There was a significantly higher occurrence of microorganisms in the milk and mammary parenchyma compared to the gland cisterns and teat cisterns. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

19.
Four grass plots were sequentially contaminated with goat faeces containing known numbers of unembryonated eggs of predominantly Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus spp. between October 1982 and April 1983. Four other plots were similarly contaminated with sheep faeces between February and May 1987. An additional plot was repeatedly contaminated with sheep faeces from February to April 1987. Populations of free-living stages in faeces and of infective larvae (L3) in the herbage were subsequently monitored until the end of April and June of 1983 and 1987 respectively. During February and May 1987 two control cultures of sheep faeces were incubated in the laboratory at 25°C–30°C and at a constant temperature of 50°C and the free-living development was also monitored. L3 developed very readily in the faeces cultured at 25°C–30°C and in those spread on a grass plot in October, at the end of the wet season, but developed less on the plot contaminated in May at the start of the wet season. Worm eggs in faeces deposited on plots during the hot dry season (December to April) or incubated at 50°C died and disintegrated after 24–48 h exposure to the high environmental temperatures. The results indicate that it is unlikely that gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and goats can develop or survive on open pasture during the dry season in the Nigerian derived savanna zone.  相似文献   

20.
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