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奶牛隐性乳房炎的病原检测与小白鼠致病性研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
本研究以新疆乌鲁木齐地区的2个奶牛场隐性乳房炎患牛为试验对象,共分离鉴定出21种91株引起奶牛乳房炎的主要病原菌,其中葡萄球菌28株（30.78%）,链球菌21株（23.07%）,杆菌25株（27.48%）,其他细菌17株（18.67%）。对主要病原菌通过动物试验确定致病力较强的菌为金黄色葡萄球菌、克雷伯氏菌和大肠杆菌。同时对17大类主要病原菌共30种药物的药敏试验结果表明,在奶牛隐性乳房炎中应用较多的青霉素、四环素等抗生素对常见致病菌几乎无效,而左氧氟沙星、呋喃妥因、头孢噻肟、阿米卡星则显示出较好的抑菌作用。 相似文献
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豫北地区规模化鸡场病原菌及耐药性趋势的调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《养禽与禽病防治》2008,(9)
为对规模化鸡场病原菌的流行情况及耐药性进行调查分析,于2006年至2007年间从豫北地区22个规模化鸡场采集1128份病料,通过分离培养、应用MicroScan微生物分析系统,结合K-B法药敏试验对分离的原菌进行鉴定和耐药性测定。结果分离到674株病原菌,主要为大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、支原体、真菌、嗜血杆菌、志贺氏菌等。药敏试验显示主要病原菌对20种抗菌药均产生不同程度的耐药性,而且表现为多重耐药。 相似文献
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本试验从新疆铁门关地区采集166份乳房炎患牛的奶样,进行了细菌分离鉴定并对主要病原菌进行药敏试验。结果表明,从奶样中共分离出12种267株细菌,其中主要病原菌为:金黄色葡萄球菌86株,检出率33.6%;大肠杆菌68株,检出率25.5%;停乳链球菌33株,检出率12.4%;无乳链球菌25株,检出率9.4%。临床型乳房炎大部分为混合感染(混合感染的感染率为61.4%),隐性乳房炎大部分为单独感染(单独感染的感染率为88.5%)。选择16种抗生素采用K-B纸片法对分离出的病原菌进行药敏试验,4种主要病原菌对头孢曲松钠、头孢哌酮、克林霉素、氟苯尼考敏感。该试验为本地区奶牛乳房炎的防治提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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对8个养猪场的55份肠道样本进行病原菌分离鉴定,并对主要病原菌进行药敏试验。结果显示,分离到的病原菌主要为沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌,此外个别样本中可见嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌和产碱菌属;该分离病原菌对诺氟沙星、环丙沙星、青霉素、氨苄西林和头孢噻吩的耐药性较高,对阿米卡星、氟苯尼考和庆大霉素的耐药性较低。 相似文献
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《中国兽医杂志》2020,(3)
为了解春夏季临床型乳房炎主要病原菌感染情况及耐药情况,对兰州地区某规模化奶牛场奶牛临床型乳房炎进行病原菌分离鉴定及耐药性分析。试验通过常规的细菌分离培养方法对110份乳样进行细菌分离纯化,并用16S rDNA手段进行鉴定,对鉴定出的主要病原菌通过K-B纸片药敏试验进行耐药分析。结果表明,主要病原菌包括大肠杆菌(35.5%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(16.1%)、无乳链球菌(14.0%)、停乳链球菌(7.5%)、乳房链球菌(3.2%)。耐药检测结果表明,5种主要病原菌对青霉素G、阿莫西林表现出高度耐药,对链霉素、红霉素表现为中度耐药,对庆大霉素、四环素表现为轻度耐药,而对环丙沙星、头孢噻肟、卡那霉素和氟苯尼考表现为敏感。本试验旨在为该牛场控制和治疗乳房炎提供科学依据。 相似文献
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四川攀西地区奶牛乳房炎病原菌调查与敏感药物筛选试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国草食动物科学》2016,(4)
为了解四川攀西地区奶牛乳房炎病原菌和主要病原菌的耐药性情况,采用常规方法对3个奶牛场92个牛奶样品中的病原菌进行了分离鉴定,结果分离到17种菌,共计86株,分离到的病原菌数量最多的依次是大肠杆菌23株、绿脓杆菌17株、葡萄球菌15株、链球菌7株、沙雷菌属4株、弗劳氏枸橼酸杆菌3株、沙门氏菌3株、阴沟肠杆菌复合菌3株、粪肠球菌2株、猪丹毒丝菌2株以及坐皮肤球菌、产酸克雷伯氏菌、屎肠球菌、睾丸酮丛毛单胞菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、施氏假单胞杆菌、奇异变形杆菌各1株。采样量为12头、16头、18头奶牛的3个场,分别分离出14种、13种、16种乳房炎病原菌。同时,采用常规药敏试验方法对分离病原菌株数量最多的8种主要病原菌即大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌、葡萄球菌、链球菌、沙雷菌、弗劳氏枸橼酸杆菌、沙门氏菌、阴沟肠杆菌复合菌进行了常用抗生素敏感试验,结果表明他们均存在不同程度的耐药性。 相似文献
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苜蓿自交亲和性、授粉方式及后代性状分离的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对8份不同苜蓿Medicago sativa材料的自交亲和性及授粉方式的研究表明：参试苜蓿材料的自交亲和性存在较大差异,自交亲和指数为0～1.39,其中有2个自交亲和材料(自交亲和指数＞1.00),5个自交不亲和材料(1.00≥自交亲和指数＞0)和1个极端自交不亲和材料;2个自交亲和材料自交所得S1具有出苗后分批逐渐死亡的自交衰退现象,最终叶片多叶型和枝条高且分枝多型成活率分别仅为34.80%和32.30%;在4种自交授粉方式中兄妹自交结实率最高,适宜在苜蓿自交授粉中推广应用。 相似文献
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Soma LR Uboh CE Guan F McDonnell S Pack J 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2007,30(2):101-108
Anabolic steroids (ABS) boldenone (BL; 1.1 mg/kg) and stanozolol (ST; 0.55 mg/kg) were administered i.m. to horses and the plasma samples collected up to 64 days. Anabolic steroids and androgenic steroids (ANS) in plasma were quantified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The limit of detection of all analytes was 25 pg/mL. The median absorption (t1/2 partial differential) and elimination (t1/2e) half-lives for BL were 8.5 h and 123.0 h, respectively, and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUCho) was 274.8 ng.h/mL. The median t1/2e for ST was 82.1 h and the was 700.1 ng.h/mL. Peak mean (X+/-SD) plasma concentrations (Cmax) for BL and ST were 1127.8 and 4118.2 pg/mL, respectively. Quantifiable concentrations of ABS and ANS were found in 61.7% of the 988 plasma samples tested from race tracks. In 17.3% of the plasma samples two or more ABS or ANS were quantifiable. Testosterone (TES) concentrations mean (X+/-SE) in racing and nonracing intact males were 241.3+/-61.3 and 490.4+/-35.1 pg/mL, respectively. TES was not quantified in nonracing geldings and female horses, but was in racing females and geldings. Plasma concentrations of endogenous 19-nortestosterone (nandrolone; NA) from racing and nonracing males were 50.2+/-5.5 and 71.8+/-4.6 pg/mL, respectively. 相似文献
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本试验研究了肉鸡腹水症(PHS)对组织钙磷分布及饲料钙磷利用率的影响。120只1日龄艾维茵(AA)肉鸡随机分成2组,即对照组和试验组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。试验组采用低温(LAT)和饲粮添加三碘甲腺原氨酸(T3,1.5mg/kg)诱导产生腹水症。试验期为21d。试验结果表明:1)14日龄时,试验组肉鸡的心脏、肝脏、十二指肠中钙含量与对照组相比,有增加趋势,胫骨、血清钙有下降趋势,但差异均不显著(P>0.05)。试验组肉鸡的心脏磷含量极显著低于对照组(P<0.01),十二指肠磷含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。饲料中钙磷利用率,试验组极显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。2)21日龄时,试验组肉鸡的心脏、肝脏中的钙含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。十二指肠、胫骨、血清中的钙含量两组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。十二指肠、血清磷含量试验组显著高于对照组(P<0.05),其余组织磷含量两组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。饲料中钙磷利用率,试验组极显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。3)血清碱性磷酸酶含量14、21日龄试验组和对照组差异均不显著(P>0.05)。 相似文献
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猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒GXA株分离及主要结构基因的克隆和序列分析 总被引：3，自引：5，他引：3
近来,广西一些养殖场频繁发生以母猪流产、死胎、木乃伊、仔猪呼吸道症状等为特征的流行性传染病,怀疑为猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)感染所致。本研究从病猪中采集材料,经RT-PCR检测为阳性后,接种于Marc-145细胞,经过6代盲传,发现典型的细胞病理变化(CPE),经鉴定为PRRSV,命名为GXA株,其毒价为105.33TCID50/mL。参考VR-2332和CH-1a株基因序列,设计了3对特异性引物,分别对GXA株的E、M、N基因同时进行了RT-PCR扩增、克隆和测序。应用DNAstar生物学软件拼接得到GXA株的E、M和N3个基因片段共长为1473bp。同源性分析表明,GXA株与VR-2332、MLV和BJ-4的同源性为99.7%～100%,而与欧洲型代表株LV的同源性只有66.4%。表明GXA与VR-2332、MLV及BJ-4株亲缘关系比较密切,与欧洲型代表株LV亲缘关系最远,属于美洲型毒株,有可能来源于疫苗株。 相似文献
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雌二醇多克隆抗体的制备与鉴定 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
制备雌二醇完全抗原,并通过免疫家兔得到多克隆抗体,为下一步制备雌二醇单克隆抗体和雌二醇检测ELISA试剂盒奠定基础。试验以牛血清白蛋白(BSA)、卵清蛋白(OVA)为载体,采用碳化二亚胺法,合成了雌二醇(E2)的2种免疫偶合物:免疫原E2-BSA和包被原E2-OVA;通过紫外光谱定性证明偶合物偶联成功与否,并对偶合物的蛋白含量、结合比进行测定并以免疫原E2-BSA免疫家兔,制备多克隆抗体,用包被原E2-OVA进行ELISA,对多克隆抗体特异性及效价进行检测。结果表明成功合成了雌二醇人工抗原即免疫原E2-BSA和包被原E2-OVA,二者的蛋白浓度分别为5.455和7.533mg/mL,结合比分别为7:1和8:1;制备的多克隆抗体特异性好,血清效价为1:106。 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to compare the linear dimensions of the bladder measured by ultrasonographic and radiographic methods and the accuracy of these methods for evaluation of bladder volume. Forty dogs were included in this study. Each dog was placed in right lateral recumbency and a plain lateral caudal abdominal radiograph was made. The bladder length and depth were measured in centimetres from the radiograph, taking into account magnification errors. Immediately after radiography was completed, ultrasonographic measurements of bladder length and depth on longitudinal section were measured in centimetres. The bladder was then emptied by catheterisation and the actual urine volume measured. 'Best subsets' analysis indicated that radiographic and ultrasonographic bladder lengths were the best predictors of actual bladder volume. Formulae were derived from radiographic and ultrasonographic bladder dimensions for estimating bladder volume. The formula using radiographic measurements was found to be a better predictor of actual bladder volume than the formula derived from ultrasonographic measurements, since it had higher F and lower error mean square values. 相似文献
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DONG Jing ZHANG Quan ZHANG Li LI Yan-qing LI Shan-shan WANG Zhang DU Bing-wang 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(11):3003-3010
The study was mainly focused on the genetic characteristics of frizzled feather trait,the phenotype difference between frizzled feather（FF）and incomplete frizzled feather（IFF),and SNP analysis of the candidate gene KRT75 in the frizzle and incomplete frizzle chickens of different feather colors,which could provide scientific gist for the frizzle gene mapping,development and utilization of the two kinds of chicken.The resource population（homozygous Yellow feather Kirin chicken×Huaixiang chicken）of hybrid F2 was established.The back,neck,wing primary and wing-bow feather were observed and the scatter diagram of rachis bending degree was drawn.The blood of 10 white frizzle feather Kirin（WFF）chicken,10 Yellow frizzle feather Kirin（YFF）chicken,10 Royal,25 Yellow feather incomplete frizzle（YFIF）chicken and 15 Black feather incomplete frizzle（BFIF）chicken from homozygous WFF chicken×Royal chicken of hybrid F1 were extracted,then the DNA of those samples were extracted.The primer of KRT75 was designed,the PCR products were also sequenced after purification,Chromas 2.22 and DNAMAN software were used to analysis of sequence peaks photos and sequence alignment,respectively.The amount of orthogonal and reciprocals cross in hybrid F1 was 127 and 139, respectively, which all were the slight（incomplete）frizzled feather phenotype,with no different penetrance.The resource population of hybrid F2 were consisted of 55 frizzle chicks including some hens and cocks,106 incomplete frizzled and 68 contour feather chicken,the proportion of which was coincided with Mendelian segregation ratio of 1:2:1 by χ2-test（P>0.05),therefore it preliminary verified that the frizzle gene F was autosomal incomplete dominant inheritance.FF and IFF curved upward deviating from the skin,and the line slope of trend line of FF was 3.5 times than that of IFF.It found that there was no 69 bp deletion mutation in exon 5 region of KRT75 gene in WFF and YFF chicken,but 3 SNPs（T71C,T83C,C95T）were deleted in the 69 bp,which were homologous CC in WFF and YFF chicken,of two were heterozygous in YFIF chicken,while all were heterozygous in BFIF chicken.2 SNPs（T662C and T770C）were also deleted in exon 6,heterozygous of which were only deleted in BFIF chicken.The haplotype analysis indicated that 9 haplotypes were detected in 60 individuals,hap1/hap1 was specific genotype of WFF and YFF chicken.The haplotypes of two incomplete frizzle feather chicken were apparently different,hap4 was specific haplotype of YFIF chicken,while hap6,hap7,hap8 and hap9 were specific haplotypes of BFIF chicken.The frizzle gene F was autosomal incomplete dominant inheritance,there were obvious differences between FF and IFF traits,5 SNPs in exon 5 and 6 of KRT75 gene probably were the reference of molecular markers as distinguishing between frizzle and incomplete frizzle chicken. 相似文献
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本试验通过对卷羽性状遗传特性和卷羽、半卷羽差异及对不同羽色卷羽、半卷羽鸡的候选基因KRT75序列SNP分析,为进一步对卷羽性状基因的定位和卷羽、半卷羽鸡的开发利用提供科学依据。以纯系黄色卷羽麒麟鸡和片羽怀乡鸡为素材,正反交构建F2代资源群体,对24周龄卷羽、半卷羽和片羽鸡背羽、颈羽、翅膀主翼羽和翼肩羽观察并绘制背羽羽轴弯曲程度散点图。随机抽取25周龄黄羽、白羽麒麟鸡和贵妃鸡各10只,F1代黄羽半卷羽鸡25只,以及白羽麒麟鸡×贵妃鸡杂交F1代黑羽半卷羽鸡15只的血样提取DNA,设计引物,PCR扩增纯化后测序,Chromas 2.22和DNAMAN软件用于分析测序峰形图和序列比对。结果显示,杂交F1代正交组127只,反交139只,不论公、母表型较一致,无外显率不同,均呈现轻度卷羽（半卷羽）,F1代间交配产生的F2代资源群体：卷羽鸡55只,半卷羽鸡106只,片羽鸡68只,公、母鸡均有卷羽,经过卡方适合性检验符合孟德尔遗传分离比1∶2∶1（P>0.05）,因此初步验证了控制卷羽基因F呈常染色体不完全显性遗传;卷羽、半卷羽鸡羽毛均背离皮肤向上弯曲,卷羽趋势线直线斜率是半卷羽的3.5倍;白羽和黄羽麒麟鸡外显子5处均不存在69 bp缺失,此69 bp发现3个SNPs：T71C、T83C、C95T,其中片羽鸡无突变,黄羽和白羽麒麟鸡均为纯合子,黄羽半卷羽鸡2个位点为杂合子,黑羽半卷羽鸡3个位点均为杂合子;外显子6处检测到了2个SNPs分别为T662C和T770C,仅在黑羽半卷羽鸡中为杂合子,其他均为纯合子,单倍型分析从60个个体中检测到了9种单倍型,hap1/hap1纯合型是黄羽和白羽麒麟鸡特异性的基因型,黄羽和黑羽半卷羽鸡的单倍型存在明显差异,hap4单倍型是黄羽半卷羽鸡特有的单倍型,hap6、hap7、hap8、hap9为黑羽半卷羽鸡特有的单倍型。卷羽性状基因F为常染色体不完全显性遗传,卷羽和半卷羽存在明显差异,KRT75基因序列外显子5和6处的5个SNPs可能作为区别卷羽和半卷羽鸡的分子标记参考。 相似文献
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鸭瘟病毒北京株UL6和UL7基因的克隆及序列测定 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
依据文献报道的鸭瘟病毒（DPV）的核苷酸序列，设计和合成了二对引物，分别为SP1和SP2，LP1和LP2。北京株鸭瘟病毒于鸭胚中增殖，差速离心和蔗糖密度梯度离心纯化，按酚－氯仿法抽提DNA。然后以DPV DNA为模板进行PCR，分别扩散增出与理论相符的421bp和1209bp的二个DNA片段，并将它们克隆于质粒pGEM-T Easy中。经酶切和质粒PCR，筛选含有目的基因的重组质粒。重组质粒以步移法从双方向测序，获1586bp的核苷酸序列。研究发现这1586bp的核苷酸序列与文献报道的UL6和UL7基因序列的同源性为99％，仅有一个碱基的差异。进一步作氨基酸分析，发现这个碱基所引起的变异为无意义突变（CCT→CCC）。结果表明，鸭瘟病毒的UL6和UL7基因在不同的毒株中高度保守。 相似文献