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1.
Leptin is a multifunctional protein involved in processes such as body weight (BWT) regulation, food intake, and appetite regulation. In this study, we isolated and cloned the full‐length leptin‐a gene from the golden pompano, Trachinotus blochii. A search for polymorphisms, as well as association analyses between these polymorphisms and 10 growth traits were performed. A total of 10 polymorphisms, consisting of five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in intron 1 (C203T, G252A, C380G, G383C, and G587A), one mutation in exon 2 (T775A), one mutation in exon 3 (G1239A), and three SNPs in the 3′‐untranslated region (G1424A, T1653A, and A1654T) were identified and genotyped in 150 individuals. The C203T and C380G polymorphisms, as well as the G1424A and T1653A polymorphisms, showed complete linkage. Association analyses revealed that the T775A polymorphism was significantly associated with BWT, body height (BWH), body length, and overall length (OL), and genotype TT had negative effects on growth traits. Additionally, the SNP G1239A was significantly associated with BWT, BWH, OL, and head length, with the GA genotype showing positive effects on growth traits. The results indicate that polymorphisms in the leptin‐a gene loci can be used as a selection criterion to improve growth traits in golden pompano.  相似文献   

2.
The aim of this study is to screen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) gene and analyze the potential association between IGF-I gene polymorphisms and growth traits in a crossing sinipercid population. Two SNPs (g.A321G, g.A537G) within five exons of the IGF-I gene were tested for association with four growth traits in 250 individuals using the high-resolution melting method. The association analysis of SNPs of IGF-I gene with the four growth traits was carried out using General Linear Model estimation. Results indicated that SNP1 in exon3 of the IGF-I gene was significantly associated with body weight (P < 0.05), body length (P < 0.05) and body width (P < 0.05), and SNP2 in exon5 of the IGF-I gene was significantly associated with body weight (P < 0.05), body depth (P < 0.05) and body width (P < 0.05) in a sinipercid population. The individuals of genotype AA or AG in loci SNP1 and SNP2 grew faster than those of genotype GG. Diplotypes did not show significant effects on growth traits. These findings implied that the two SNPs of the IGF-I gene affecting growth traits could be potential quantitative trait nucleotides and would be useful genetic markers in the selection of some growth traits for developing improved culture lines of sinipercid species in China.  相似文献   

3.
Polymorphisms in the growth hormone (GH) gene that is associated with the growth rate of farmed fish have been the target of many breeding programmes. The present study aimed to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in GH gene regions to evaluate the association of SNP variations with the growth rate of two Nile tilapia: Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) strains. The targeted regions were amplified, sequenced, aligned and screened for the presence of SNPs; thereafter, performance tests were used to check for the association between SNPs and weight. Allele and genotype frequencies were estimated for each SNP and genotype. Genotype blocks or sets of SNP genotypes and frequencies were also estimated. Association between SNPs and growth rate was statistically evaluated using a univariate linear mixed model that included both fixed and random effects. A total of 10 SNPs were identified, nine in the proximal promoter and one located in the 5′ UTR, forming 10 genotype blocks. In all weight recordings, five genotype blocks were significantly associated with the highest weights. Single nucleotide polymorphisms 6‐10 were also found to be significantly associated with growth (p‐value < .05). Genotypes with higher additive genetic values for weight were identified in the Chitralada strain, suggesting a possible impact of these additive effects of the GH SNP genotype on the growth rate of Nile tilapia. These findings may be used as part of marker‐assisted selection in tilapia breeding programmes.  相似文献   

4.
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5.
通过佛山市白金水产良种选育场提供的草鱼EST库的醛缩酶B基因重叠群的2个Contig扩增该基因的序列片段,采用直接测序法,经过序列比对,共筛到C+687G、C+1042A和A117C等3个颠换SNPs位点。C+687G位于醛缩酶B基因外显子6的63 bp处,为同义突变;C+1042A位于外显子8的43 bp处,为错义突变;A117C位于内含子7的117 bp处。采用Snapshot方法对同一群体的296尾草鱼的这3个SNPs位点进行检测和分型,并统计基因型频率。3个SNPs位点中AA的频率分别为42.9%、32.8%、32.8%;AB的频率分别为42.9%、45.9%、45.6%;BB的频率分别为14.2%、21.3%、21.6%。利用一般线性模型分析3个SNPs位点与草鱼体质量、体长等重要生长性状的关系,关联分析结果显示,C+687G位点不同基因型只在体长/尾柄长比值上存在显著差异(P0.05),和体质量等重要生长性状不相关。A117C和C+1042A两个位点都在体质量等4个生长性状上存在显著差异(P0.05)。将3个SNPs位点不同基因型两两位点组成3个组合的双倍型(都去掉了频率小于3%的组合),结果显示,C+687G和A117C以及C+687G和C+1042A的2个组合分别组成的7种双倍型在体质量等5个生长性状上都存在显著差异(P0.05);A117C和C+1042A组成的3种双倍型在体质量、眼间距等2个生长性状上都存在显著差异(P0.05)。研究认为,可以考虑将草鱼醛缩酶B基因作为生长相关的候选基因,用于草鱼的分子辅助育种。  相似文献   

6.
Genetic diversity and correlation analysis between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of myostatin (MSTN) gene and the growth traits were performed in Argopecten irradians. Around 279 individuals from three A. irradians populations were screened for the polymorphic sites of the MSTN gene. Two SNPs were found: T910G and G1162A. The observed heterozygosity of the two SNPs ranged from 0.1310 to 0.3299, whereas the expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.1436 to 0.2973. The values of D′ and r2 of linkage disequilibrium (LD) ranged from 0.475 to 1.0 and 0.052 to 0.174 respectively. Association analysis shows that individuals with genotype TT and TG of locus W4 had significantly higher adductor muscle mass than that with genotype GG in population CA (P < 0.05). Individuals with genotype AA of locus W5 had significantly higher body mass, soft‐tissue mass, adductor muscle mass, shell width and shell mass than those of other genotypes in population RZ (P < 0.05). The two SNPs found in our study can be used for molecule marker‐assisted breeding of A. irradians.  相似文献   

7.
肖广侠  孔杰  孟宪红  罗坤  栾生  曹宝祥  刘宁 《水产学报》2013,37(7):1009-1014
为评估中国明对虾生长及抗WSSV能力与中国明对虾WSSV携带量之间的相关性,实验对130个中国明对虾家系进行生长及抗WSSV性能测试,对收集到的中国明对虾生长和抗病数据,输入“水产动物育种分析与管理系统”数据库,利用综合选择指数法估计中国明对虾各个家系的育种值。根据分析结果,选择出生长育种值最大的5个家系和最小的5个家系、抗WSSV育种值最大的5个家系和最小的5个家系,分别检测上述20个家系的亲虾、养殖50 d及170 d中国明对虾的WSSV携带量。结果显示,亲虾、50 d中国明对虾及170 d中国明对虾的WSSV携带量分别为0.190 8、0.286 6和0.232 9 copies/ng DNA,三者之间差异均不显著。亲虾、50 d中国明对虾和170 d中国明对虾的WSSV携带量与中国明对虾的生长育种值相关系数分别为 0.021、0.363和0.185,亲虾、50 d中国明对虾和170 d中国明对虾的WSSV携带量与抗WSSV育种值相关系数分别为0.033、0.048和0.019。研究表明,中国明对虾的生长育种值和抗WSSV育种值与中国明对虾体内的WSSV携带量均无显著的相关性。  相似文献   

8.
为研究草鱼MSTN-1基因多态性及与早期生长性状和肌肉成分的相关性,本研究扩增出全长为3824 bp的草鱼MSTN-1基因,用长江选育草鱼群体对MSTN-1基因多态性进行筛选和验证。结果共发现3个多态性位点(Locus 1:C1799T,野生型EE/突变型EF;Locus2:C1842T,野生型HH/突变型HI;Locus 3:TGAAGCGCTGGTTCT/2585-,野生型BB/缺失型BD)。利用一般线性模型分析3个位点及其组合型(剔除个体数少于3的组合)与生长性状和肌肉成分的相关性,发现2个位点对幼鱼生长性状表型差异有显著影响,但3个位点对肌肉成分差异均无显著影响。多重比较发现,单倍型HI突变组的体长和体质量显著高于HH野生组,BD突变组的体长和体质量显著性低于BB野生组;多倍型中存在HI突变组合的体长、体质量均显著高于其他组,存在BD突变的组合在体长性状方面显著低于其他组。表明草鱼MSTN-1基因3个SNPs中,HI突变是对草鱼生长性状的有利突变,BD突变是不利突变,而EF突变无显著影响,可将MSTN-1基因作为分子标记辅助草鱼选育的候选基因。  相似文献   

9.
肌球蛋白是肌肉细胞的重要组成成分,影响肌纤维的组成和肌肉生长。为了研究肌球蛋白重链(MYH)基因多态性与大口黑鲈生长性状的相关性,本研究采用PCR技术扩增得到编码区序列全长为9759 bp的大口黑鲈MYH基因,该基因包含37个外显子和36个内含子,编码1940个氨基酸。采用直接测序法在MYH基因上筛选到8个单核苷酸多态性标记(SNP)位点(A-305G、G-558C、A-2784C、A-2816G、T-4765A、C-6206T、C-6811T和G-6935T),有4个位于外显子上,其中2个属于同义突变。用SNa Pshot方法对从同批繁殖、同塘养殖的大口黑鲈"优鲈1号"群体中随机选取的430尾个体中各位点的基因型进行检测。结果显示,内含子上的A-2784C和A-2816G位点完全连锁,所有位点在大口黑鲈"优鲈1号"群体中的平均有效等位基因数、平均观测杂合度和平均期望杂合度分别为1.635、0.406和0.373,仅C-6206T、C-6811T和T-4765A位点的基因型频率分布符合Hardy-Weinberg定律。采用一般线性模型分析各位点与大口黑鲈生长性状之间的相关性,研究发现,C-6811T位点CC基因型个体的体质量和全长显著大于TT基因型,CC基因型个体的体高和尾柄长显著大于CT和TT基因型,其余位点不同基因型个体间的生长性状均不存在显著差异。C-6811T位点与生长性状显著相关,可作为大口黑鲈分子标记辅助育种的候选标记。  相似文献   

10.
Three single nucleotide polymorphisms, c.1462C > T, c.1663G > T and c.2023G > A, in smad4 gene were isolated and typed in a normal population (meio‐G0), a first‐generation gynogenetic population (meio‐G1) and a second‐generation gynogenetic population (meio‐G2) in topmouth culter (Culter alburnus) by using the tetra‐primer amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) PCR. The homozygosity of different loci in the three populations was analysed to study the efficiency of gene purification in this fish. Correlation of the three populations to seven growth traits (body length, body weight, body thickness, body height, total length, caudal peduncle length and caudal peduncle height) was estimated. Results showed that homozygosity and homozygosity rates of three SNP loci from meio‐G0 to meio‐G2 increased obviously, and the average homozygosity of c.1462C > T and c.1663G > T loci was 0.930 and 0.880 in meio‐G2 population, which was significantly higher than that in meio‐G0 population. In the meio‐G1 and meio‐G2 populations, correlation of seven growth traits with the CC genotype was significantly higher than that with the TT and TC genotypes in the c.1462C > T locus (p < .05). These results suggested that the CC genotype in the c.1462C > T locus could be an advantage mutation that stably affects the growth of different generations of this fish. It may be used as a potential molecular marker for gene‐assisted selection to improve a range of growth traits in topmouth culter.  相似文献   

11.
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12.
为筛选刀鲚(Coilia ectenes)生长性状遗传改良的分子遗传标记,基于现有刀鲚转录组数据,利用基因克隆技术获得养殖刀鲚肌肉生长抑制素(myostatin,MSTN)基因的全长序列,采用PCR产物直接测序和SNaPshot技术分别进行基因多态性的筛选和分型,并将不同基因型与刀鲚的生长性状(体长、体高和体质量)进行关联分析。结果显示,养殖刀鲚MSTN基因的DNA序列主要由2个内含子和3个外显子组成,经SNP位点筛选,仅在第1内含子上筛选到2个颠换突变位点(g.564G>T和g.755G>T)和1个转换突变位点(g.786C>T);将3个SNP位点与生长性状进行关联分析发现,SNP位点g.786C>T与刀鲚的体长、体高和体质量呈显著性负相关,具有TT基因型个体的体长、体高和体质量显著低于CC型和CT型(P<0.05),而SNP位点g.564G>T和g.755G>T的不同基因型仅与刀鲚的体高具有一定程度的相关性;3个SNP位点对养殖刀鲚的群体遗传分析显示,刀鲚养殖群体的观测杂合度(H O)、期望杂合度(H E)和多态信息含量(PIC)分别为0.280~0.480、0.332~0.455和0.277~0.351,3个SNP位点均属于中度多态(0.25T有望作为剔除劣质刀鲚繁育亲本的候选分子标记。  相似文献   

13.
The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of oral administration of probiotic Halomonas sp. B12 (previously isolated from the intestine of Fenneropenaeus chinensis) on the intestinal microflora, immunological parameters, and midgut histological structure of F. chinensis. Shrimp (initial weight: 4.00 ± 0.10 g) were fed diets containing Halomonas sp. B12 at 0 (control), 3.68 × 107 (T1), and 7.18 × 1010 (T2) colony‐forming units per gram for 6 wk, respectively. The results showed that the total bacterial counts significantly increased (P < 0.05) with supplementation of dietary probiotic B12. However, Vibrio spp. counts significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in the intestine of shrimp with increasing dietary probiotic B12. Hemocyte counts in the shrimp fed the diets supplemented with probiotic B12 were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the control group. Both phenoloxidase (PO) activity in plasma and hemocyte lysate supernatant were higher in the shrimp fed diets supplemented with probiotic B12 compared with the control group. No significant difference was found in PO activity in plasma between the T1 and the control (P > 0.05). PO activity in plasma was higher in T2 than that in T1. Cumulative shrimp mortality after 10‐d white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) challenge test significantly decreased with increasing dietary probiotic B12 (P < 0.05). No significant difference was found between T1 and control in cumulative shrimp mortality after challenge test (P > 0.05). The oral administration of probiotic B12 to F. chinensis was beneficial to protect the integrity of shrimp intestinal mucosal layer. In summary, even though the low dose (T1) had some effects on bacterial counts and immunological parameters, only the high dose (T2) significantly increased the resistance of the shrimp to WSSV.  相似文献   

14.
We developed a simple genotyping method for Flavobacterium psychrophilum for analysing two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gyrA gene and to distinguish between isolates that are virulent and avirulent to ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis (Temminck & Schlegel). The genotyping method is an on/off switch assay and is based on the polymerase chain reaction technique with phosphorothioated primers. We classified 232 isolates from four families of fish (i.e. Plecoglossidae, Osmeridae, Cyprinidae and Salmonidae) into four genotypes (G‐C, A‐T, A‐C and G‐T). The G‐C type isolates exhibited strong pathogenicity to ayu, whereas the A‐T and G‐T types did not show any pathogenicity to this species. The A‐C type exhibited no or weak pathogenicity to ayu. These results indicate that genotyping F. psychrophilum isolates with two SNPs from gyrA can clearly distinguish between isolates potentially harmful to ayu (G‐C type) and those that are potentially not harmful or less harmful (A‐C, A‐T and G‐T type). The on/off switch assay provides a quick, simple, and very powerful DNA genotyping technique for F. psychrophilum isolates.  相似文献   

15.
The aim of this study was to investigate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes that are presumed to control muscle growth and to determine their potential association with growth in a cultured population of orange‐spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides. Seven genes, myogenic regulatory factor 4 (MRF4), Myf5, MSTN‐1, MSTN‐2, MyoD1, MyoD2, and myogenin, were selected for the investigation, covering approximately 26 kbp. First, the two clades for the genes MSTN (myostatin) and MyoD were confirmed in this species using Bayesian inference analysis of the phylogenetic relationships. Then, the seven genes were enriched by polymerase chain reaction and sequenced using an Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine. A total of 586 SNPs were discovered. Linkage disequilibrium was decayed by 50% within 250 bp based on the combined data, which means that there was high resolution in the association mapping. A mixed linear model considering the population structure and kinship was used to detect the associations between genotypes and phenotypes. Only one site (KR269814.1:g.22T>G) in MSTN‐1 was found to be significantly associated with a measured trait, the interorbital distance (false discovery ratio < 0.05), and it explained 12.4% of the phenotype variation of this trait. This study provides insight on strategies for molecular marker‐assisted breeding in orange‐spotted grouper.  相似文献   

16.
The pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a new type of hypophysiotropic hormone and plays an important role in regulating the synthesis and secretion of growth hormone and gonadotropin. The research on the relationship between PACAP and different growth traits would contribute to explain its function during the process of growth. Moreover, epigenetic modifications, especially DNA methylation at the CpG sites of the SNPs, play important roles in regulating gene expression. The results suggest that a SNP mutation (c.C151G) in the PACAP gene of male half smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) is significantly associated with growth traits and serum physiological and biochemical parameters such as inorganic phosphorus (P < 0.05). The SNP is located in a CpG-rich region of exon 1. Intriguingly, the transition (C→G) added a new methylation site of PACAP gene. This SNP was also significantly related to the expression and methylation level of PACAP (P < 0.05). Individuals with GG genotype had faster growth rates than those of CG and CC genotypes. Moreover, GG genotype had significantly higher PACAP expression level and lower methylation level than CG and CC genotypes. In the serum indexes, only inorganic phosphorus content within GG genotypes was significantly higher than CC genotypes. This implied that the mutation and methylation status of PACAP gene could influence growth traits and this locus could be considered as a candidate genetic or epigenetic marker for Cynoglossus semilaevis molecular breeding.  相似文献   

17.
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18.
赵博文  李琪  王九龙  于红 《水产学报》2020,44(2):195-205
黑色素是一种广泛存在于动物界的生物色素,而酪氨酸酶被认为是一种重要的调控黑色素合成的关键酶。实验以3种壳色的长牡蛎选育品系为材料,使用PCR-SSCP的方法对长牡蛎酪氨酸酶基因CgTyr1进行SNP分型筛选,将突变位点与不同壳色性状进行关联分析。结果显示,酪氨酸酶基因的外显子上存在23个SNP位点,其中11个SNP位点与壳色性状极显著相关;在这11个S N P位点中,检测到有3个S N P位点为有义突变(c.591C/T、c.632G/A和c.1155T/C),分别导致不同的氨基酸突变(Ala122Val、Gly136Ser和Phe310Ser);利用极显著关联的11个SNP位点,为每种壳色群体建立了1种单倍型,并在验证组中得到了确认。研究表明,长牡蛎酪氨酸酶基因的单个碱基突变和以此构建的单倍型与壳色性状存在显著的关联。本研究筛选出的SNP位点和构建的单倍型为长牡蛎壳色品系选育提供了重要的参考资料。  相似文献   

19.
以1个人工授精获得的中国明对虾(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)F2家系为材料,对其中80尾中国明对虾进行正态分布检验,选择19个稳定扩增的微卫星位点对每一个体进行扩增和基因分型,分析家系遗传信息.利用最小二乘法对微卫星位点与中国明对虾体长、全长、体质量性状进行关联性分析.采用SPSS 11.5软件作微卫星分子标记与经济性状的方差分析,考察各微卫星位点对体长、全长、体质量3个经济性状的影响程度.结果表明,中国明对虾体长、全长、体质量3个性状均呈正态分布(P＞0.05);相关分析得到,19个微卫星位点中RS0683和FC019两个微卫星位点与体长、全长、体质量呈显著相关(P＜0.05);同时对差异显著的位点进行不同基因型间经济性状的多重比较,RS0683标记座位AA基因型在体长、全长、体质量的表型效应上极显著高于AB、BB基因型(P＜0.01),表明该标记位点基因型AA与3种经济性状正相关;FC019标记座位的AA基因型体长、全长、体质量显著低于AB、BC基因型(P＜0.05),表明该标记位点基因型AA与3种经济性状呈负相关.  相似文献   

20.
Moult‐inhibiting hormone (MIH), an important regulator of steroidogenesis, inhibits the synthesis of ecdysteroid in Y‐organ (YO) and plays a significant role in the regulation of moulting and post‐embryonic development of crustacean. Because unsuccessful moulting have been widely observed in precocious crabs, we investigated whether genetic variants in the 5′‐flanking region and 3′‐untranslated region (3′‐UTR) of the MIH gene are associated with precocity of the Chinese mitten crab. Thirty individual DNA samples were sequenced to search for SNPs in the 5′‐flanking region and 3′‐UTR of the MIH gene. Five SNPs (g.196 T>A, g.230 C>T, g.305 T>C, g.323 C>A and g.372 C>T) in the 5′‐flanking region and 6 SNPs (g.2677 C>T, g.2759 T>A, g.2807 T>C, g.3042 A>G, g.3088 T>G and g.3295 T>G) in the 3′‐UTR of the MIH gene were selected for the individual genotyping in a two‐stage association study. We found that a SNP g.3088 T>G in the 3′‐UTR of MIH gene was consistently associated with precocity of the Chinese mitten crab in stage 1 and stage 2, with a per‐allele OR (Odds Ratio) of 1.469 (95% CI: 1.169–1.844) after two stages combined (P = 0.001). However, no significant associations were observed between the other 10 SNPs and precocity of the Chinese mitten crab. To our best knowledge, this is the first association study between various SNP genotypes and phenotype attributes in Chinese mitten crab. Our findings suggest that the SNP g.3088 T>G may be a candidate marker for effective marker‐assisted selection to decrease the precocity of the Chinese mitten crab in future studies.  相似文献   

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