共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
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To act as guides in the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) must be unwound into their component strands, then assembled with proteins to form the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which catalyzes target messenger RNA cleavage. Thermodynamic differences in the base-pairing stabilities of the 5' ends of the two approximately 21-nucleotide siRNA strands determine which siRNA strand is assembled into the RISC. We show that in Drosophila, the orientation of the Dicer-2/R2D2 protein heterodimer on the siRNA duplex determines which siRNA strand associates with the core RISC protein Argonaute 2. R2D2 binds the siRNA end with the greatest double-stranded character, thereby orienting the heterodimer on the siRNA duplex. Strong R2D2 binding requires a 5'-phosphate on the siRNA strand that is excluded from the RISC. Thus, R2D2 is both a protein sensor for siRNA thermodynamic asymmetry and a licensing factor for entry of authentic siRNAs into the RNAi pathway. 相似文献
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Reversible cleavage and ligation of hepatitis delta virus RNA 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
A 148-nucleotide subfragment of hepatitis delta virus RNA was shown to undergo cleavage and ligation reversibly. The direction of the reaction is determined by the presence or absence of Mg2+ ions, with the presence of Mg2+ favoring the cleavage reaction. Ligation requires specific conformation of the RNA molecules involved and occurs only between two cleaved RNA fragments that are still held together by hydrogen bonds. The ligation reaction occurs rapidly on removal of Mg2+ by EDTA. This represents a new class of RNA enzymes. 相似文献
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RNA as an RNA polymerase: net elongation of an RNA primer catalyzed by the Tetrahymena ribozyme 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
A catalytic RNA (ribozyme) derived from an intervening sequence (IVS) RNA of Tetrahymena thermophila will catalyze an RNA polymerization reaction in which pentacytidylic acid (C5) is extended by the successive addition of mononucleotides derived from a guanylyl-(3',5')-nucleotide (GpN). Cytidines or uridines are added to C5 to generate chain lengths of 10 to 11 nucleotides, with longer products being generated at greatly reduced efficiency. The reaction is analogous to that catalyzed by a replicase with C5 acting as the primer, GpNs as the nucleoside triphosphates, and a sequence in the ribozyme providing a template. The demonstration that an RNA enzyme can catalyze net elongation of an RNA primer supports theories of prebiotic RNA self-replication. 相似文献
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Lu K Heng X Garyu L Monti S Garcia EL Kharytonchyk S Dorjsuren B Kulandaivel G Jones S Hiremath A Divakaruni SS LaCotti C Barton S Tummillo D Hosic A Edme K Albrecht S Telesnitsky A Summers MF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,334(6053):242-245
The 5'-leader of the HIV-1 genome regulates multiple functions during viral replication via mechanisms that have yet to be established. We developed a nuclear magnetic resonance approach that enabled direct detection of structural elements within the intact leader (712-nucleotide dimer) that are critical for genome packaging. Residues spanning the gag start codon (AUG) form a hairpin in the monomeric leader and base pair with residues of the unique-5' region (U5) in the dimer. U5:AUG formation promotes dimerization by displacing and exposing a dimer-promoting hairpin and enhances binding by the nucleocapsid (NC) protein, which is the cognate domain of the viral Gag polyprotein that directs packaging. Our findings support a packaging mechanism in which translation, dimerization, NC binding, and packaging are regulated by a common RNA structural switch. 相似文献
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A persistent untranslated sequence within bacteriophage T4 DNA topoisomerase gene 60 总被引：30，自引：0，他引：30
W M Huang S Z Ao S Casjens R Orlandi R Zeikus R Weiss D Winge M Fang 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1988,239(4843):1005-1012
A 50-nucleotide untranslated region is shown to be present within the coding sequence of Escherichia coli bacteriophage T4 gene 60, which encodes one of the subunits for its type II DNA topoisomerase. This interruption is part of the transcribed messenger RNA and appears not to be removed before translation. Thus, the usual colinearity between messenger RNA and the encoded protein sequence apparently does not exist in this case. The interruption is bracketed by a direct repeat of five base pairs. A mechanism is proposed in which folding of the untranslated region brings together codons separated by the interruption so that the elongating ribosome may skip the 50 nucleotides during translation. The alternative possibility, that the protein is efficiently translated from a very minor and undetectable form of processed messenger RNA, seems unlikely, but has not been completely ruled out. 相似文献
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西农萨能羊FAS基因shRNA序列筛选及其腺病毒载体的构建 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
山羊脂肪酸合酶(Fatty acid synthase,FAS)是脂肪酸合成的关键酶,对乳腺短、中链脂肪酸合成起重要调控作用。设计了shRNA-5544、shRNA-5936s、hRNA-6132 3条针对FAS基因不同区域的小发夹RNA(Short hairpin RNA,shRNA)及一条阴性对照序列shRNA-NC,并构建表达这4条shRNA序列的入门载体及其靶基因与红色荧光蛋白基因的融合表达载体,二者共转染HEK 293细胞进行有效序列筛选,结果显示shRNA-5544和shRNA-5936序列具有明显的干扰效果。在LR Clonase-Ⅱ重组酶作用下,分别将pENTR/CMV-GFP/U6-shRNA-5544、pENTR/CMV-GFP/U6-shRNA-5936及pENTR/CMV-GFP/U6-shRNA-NC入门载体与腺病毒骨架载体pAd/PL-DEST进行LR重组,经氨苄青霉素及氯霉素抗性筛选后成功获得3个重组腺病毒载体,ScaⅠ酶切鉴定及测序分析证实所构建的重组腺病毒载体中插入序列与设计序列一致。重组腺病毒载体经PacⅠ酶切线性化后,利用Lipofectamine 2000转染HEK 293细胞,10~12 d后收集病毒,在HEK 293细胞中反复扩增3次后,获得高滴度的重组腺病毒,利用TCID50法测定重组腺病毒滴度分别为6×108PFU/mL(表达shRNA-5544序列)、5×108PFU/mL(表达shRNA-5936序列)及6×108PFU/mL(表达shRNA-NC序列),为进一步在原代培养的山羊乳腺上皮细胞中进行FAS基因的RNA干扰研究奠定基础。 相似文献
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DNA and RNA sequence determination based on phosphorothioate chemistry 总被引：25，自引：0，他引：25
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A borna virus cDNA encoding a protein recognized by antibodies in humans with behavioral diseases 总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20
S VandeWoude J A Richt M C Zink R Rott O Narayan J E Clements 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1990,250(4985):1278-1281
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Ribonuclease mitochondrial RNA processing, a site-specific endoribonuclease involved in primer RNA metabolism in mammalian mitochondria, requires an RNA component for its activity. On the basis of copurification and selective inactivation with complementary oligonucleotides, a 135-nucleotide RNA species, not encoded in the mitochondrial genome, is identified as the RNA moiety of the endoribonuclease. This finding implies transport of a nucleus-encoded RNA, essential for organelle DNA replication, to the mitochondrial matrix. 相似文献
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The 35-nucleotide spliced leader sequence is common to all trypanosome messenger RNA's 总被引：38，自引：0，他引：38
J A Walder P S Eder D M Engman S T Brentano R Y Walder D S Knutzon D M Dorfman J E Donelson 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1986,233(4763):569-571
In Trypanosomatidae the messenger RNA's (mRNA's) that code for the variant surface glycoproteins (VSG's), tubulins, calmodulin, and at least a subset of other proteins contain a common 35-nucleotide leader sequence at their 5' ends. Hybrid-arrested in vitro translation has been used to show that all mRNA's in both African and South American trypanosomes contain this 35-nucleotide sequence. Oligonucleotides complementary to this sequence blocked translation of all trypanosome mRNA's in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate system, but did not inhibit translation of mRNA's from other organisms lacking this sequence. An oligonucleotide complementary to the VSG mRNA downstream from the spliced leader sequence arrested only VSG synthesis. Thus, the 35-nucleotide leader sequence is a general feature of all trypanosome mRNA's. The high specificity of oligonucleotides complementary to the spliced leader for their target sequence suggests that analogues permeable to the cell membrane may be useful in the treatment of trypanosomal infections. 相似文献
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The expression of short hairpin RNAs in several organisms silences gene expression by targeted mRNA degradation. This RNA interference (RNAi) pathway can also affect the genome, as DNA methylation arises at loci homologous to the target RNA in plants. We demonstrate in fission yeast that expression of a synthetic hairpin RNA is sufficient to silence the homologous locus in trans and causes the assembly of a patch of silent Swi6 chromatin with cohesin. This requires components of the RNAi machinery and Clr4 histone methyltransferase for small interfering RNA generation. A similar process represses several meiotic genes through nearby retrotransposon long terminal repeats (LTRs). These analyses directly implicate interspersed LTRs in regulating gene expression during cellular differentiation. 相似文献
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The DNA of bacteriophage SP8, when denatured, yields two components differing in buoyant density in cesium chloride gradients and separable by chromatography on a column of methylated bovine serum albumin and kieselguhr. The denser of the two strands (H) contains more pyrimidines and fewer purines than the lighter (L) strand. Only the H strand forms hybrids with the RNA synthesized by the infected host. The L strand is capable of annealing with complementary RNA synthesized in vitro with it as primer in reactions catalyzed by RNA polymerase. During the vegetative development of phage, host-specific messenger RNA is also synthesized. 相似文献
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基于转化病毒基因介导抗性,通过在植物表达载体p CAMBIA 2301上插入启动子–内含子–终止子的方式,构建一种含有发夹结构的、通用型强的RNAi载体骨架结构;以柑橘衰退病毒(citrus tristeza virus,CTV)的p25、p20和p23基因保守序列为模板设计正向片段和反向片段,先后与骨架载体连接,成功构建了3个RNAi载体(分别命名为ds2301–p25、ds2301–p20和ds2301–p23),并将载体ds2301–p23注射入墨西哥莱蒙叶片。制作p23基因的地高辛标记探针,用Northern杂交检测是否有si RNA产生。结果表明:用Northern杂交可以检测到p23特异的si RNA,在墨西哥莱蒙叶片中瞬时表达的农杆菌ds2301–p23可以发生RNAi,表达有效的si RNA。本研究中构建的骨架载体可以广泛用于RNAi载体的构建,含有柑橘衰退病毒基因片段的3个载体可以用于基因功能分析及具有CTV抗性的柑橘种质资源获得。 相似文献