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1.
Over the past few decades,genetic selection and refined nutritional management have extensively been used to increase the growth rate and lean meat production of livestock.However,the rapid growth rates of modern breeds are often accompanied by a reduction in intramuscular fat deposition and increased occurrences of muscle abnormalities,impairing meat quality and processing functionality.Early stages of animal development set the longterm growth trajectory of offspring.However,due to the seasona...  相似文献   

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Background Hepatic steatosis is a prevalent manifestation of fatty liver, that has detrimental effect on the health and productivity of laying hens, resulting in economic losses to the poultry industry. Here, we aimed to systematically investigate the genetic regulatory mechanisms of hepatic steatosis in laying hens.Methods Ninety individuals with the most prominent characteristics were selected from 686 laying hens according to the accumulation of lipid droplets in the liver, and were graded in...  相似文献   

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Background Chickens provide globally important livestock products. Understanding the genetic and molecular mechanisms underpinning chicken economic traits is crucial for improving their selective breeding. Influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, metabolites are the ultimate expression of physiological processes and can provide key insights into livestock economic traits. However, the serum metabolite profile and genetic architecture of the metabolome in chickens have no...  相似文献   

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Background: Marek's disease(MD) is a highly contagious pathogenic and oncogenic disease primarily affecting chickens. However, the mechanisms of genetic resistance for MD are complex and not fully understood. MD-resistant line 6_3 and MD-susceptible line 7_2 are two highly inbred progenitor lines of White Leghorn. Recombinant Congenic Strains(RCS) were developed from these two lines, which show varied susceptibility to MD.Results: We investigated genetic structure and genomic signatures across the genome, including the line 6_3 and line7_2, six RCSs, and two reciprocally crossed flocks between the lines 6_3 and 7_2(F1 6_3× 7_2 and F1 7_2× 6_3) using Affymetrix~? Axiom~? HD 600 K genotyping array. We observed 18 chickens from RCS lines were specifically clustered into resistance sub-groups distributed around line 6_3. Additionally, homozygosity analysis was employed to explore potential genetic components related to MD resistance, while runs of homozygosity(ROH) are regions of the genome where the identical haplotypes are inherited from each parent. We found several genes including SIK, SOX1, LIG4, SIK1 and TNFSF13B were contained in ROH region identified in resistant group(line 6_3 and RCS), and these genes have been reported that are contribute to immunology and survival. Based on F_(ST) based population differential analysis, we also identified important genes related to cell death and anti-apoptosis, including AKT1, API5, CDH13, CFDP and USP15,which could be involved in divergent selection during inbreeding process.Conclusions: Our findings offer valuable insights for understanding the genetic mechanism of resistance to MD and the identified genes could be considered as candidate biomarkers in further evaluation.  相似文献   

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Background: As one of the most utilized commercial composite boar lines, Duroc pigs have been introduced to China and undergone strongly human-induced selection over the past decades. However, the efficiencies and limitations of previous breeding of Chinese Duroc pigs are largely understudied. The objective of this study was to uncover directional polygenic selection in the Duroc pig genome, and investigate points overlooked in the past breeding process.Results: Here, we utilized the Generation ...  相似文献   

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Background: Egg production is economically important in the meat-type chicken industry. To better understand the molecular genetic mechanism of egg production in meat-type chicken, genetic parameter estimation, genome-wide association analyses combined with meta-analyses, Bayesian analyses, and selective sweep analyses were performed to screen single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) and other genetic loci that were significantly associated with egg number traits in 11,279 chickens from seven mater...  相似文献   

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Background Domestic goose breeds are descended from either the Swan goose(Anser cygnoides) or the Greylag goose(Anser anser), exhibiting variations in body size, reproductive performance, egg production, feather color, and other phenotypic traits. Constructing a pan-genome facilitates a thorough identification of genetic variations, thereby deepening our comprehension of the molecular mechanisms underlying genetic diversity and phenotypic variability.Results To comprehensively facilitate populat...  相似文献   

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Background The fat deposition has a crucial role in animal meat flavor, and fat deposition-related traits are vital for breeding in the commercial duck industry. Avian fat-related traits are typical complex phenotypes, which need a large amount of data to analyze the genetic loci.Results In this study, we performed a new phenotypic analysis of fat traits and genotyped whole-genome variations for 1,246 ducks, and combed with previous GWAS data to reach 1,880 ducks for following analysis. The carc...  相似文献   

11.
As large-scale genomic studies have progressed, it has been revealed that a single reference genome pattern cannot represent genetic diversity at the species level. While domestic animals tend to have complex routes of origin and migration, suggesting a possible omission of some population-specific sequences in the current reference genome. Conversely, the pangenome is a collection of all DNA sequences of a species that contains sequences shared by all individuals(core genome) and is also able t...  相似文献   

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[Object] This study was conducted to explore the genetic diversity and structure of the wild Repomucenus curvicornis inhabiting Liaoning Coast, China. [Method] The mitochondrial COⅠ gene and control region(CR) were PCR amplified from the wild R. curvicornis populations from the Liaodong Bay(n=22) and the northern Yellow Sea(n=18), sequenced and analyzed for genetic diversity. [Result] The contents of A, T, C and G of 624 bp COⅠ gene were 24.09%, 31.04%, 25.28%, and 19.59%, and those of 460 bp CR fragment were 32.96%, 32.80%, 14.86% and 19.38%, respectively. The total number of variable sites, average number of nucleotide differences( k), haplotype diversity(H) and nucleotide diversity(π) based on COⅠ gene were 38, 4.67,(0.96±0.02) and(0.007 5±0.004 2), and those based on CR fragment were 26, 3.35,(0.97 ±0.02) and(0.007 3±0.004 3), respectively. Based on mitochondrial COⅠ gene and CR, the genetic diversity of Liaodong Bay population was lower than that of the northern Yellow Sea population. The AMOVA analysis based on CR fragments revealed almost significant genetic divergence between the Liaodong Bay and the northern Yellow Sea populations, while there was no significant genetic divergence based on COⅠ gene. The results showed that CR and COⅠ gene are effective molecular markers for detecting the genetic diversity of R. curvicornis population, while CR is more reliable than COⅠ gene in detecting the genetic structure. [Conclusion] CR is an appropriate marker for genetic analysis of marine fish population.  相似文献   

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In this study，SCoT molecular markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity and construct DNA fingerprints of three species of Elymus on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to provide a theoretical basis for identification of the different species in collection material. Among 80 SCoT primers， 22 primers were selected for PCR amplification，and a total of 290 bands were amplified，of which 254 were polymorphic with the percentage of polymorphic bands（PPB）of 87.59%. The average values of the Shannon diversity information index（I），Nei’s gene diversity index （H），the observed number of alleles （Na），and an effective number of alleles （Ne） were 0.5411，0.3643，1.9856，and 1.6270，respectively. Cluster analysis results showed that the genetic similarity coefficient ranged from 0.50 to 0.80. At a genetic similarity coefficient of 0.53，46 collections could be divided into 2 groups，and the results of the principal coordinate analysis were consistent with those of cluster analysis. At the same time，the DNA fingerprints of 46 materials were constructed by using 4 SCoT primers. The SCoT molecular marker was suitable for genetic diversity analysis and DNA fingerprint construction of Elymus germplasm resources. This study provides fundamental information for germplasm identification，high-quality character mining，and breeding practice for wild Elymus. © 2022 Editorial Office of Acta Prataculturae Sinica. All rights reserved.  相似文献   

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Advances in molecular biotechnology have introduced new generations of molecular markers for use in the genetic improvement of farm animals. Consequently, more accurate genetic information can be obtained to better understand existing animal genetic resources. This review gives a brief summary on the development of genetic markers including both the classical genetic markers and more advanced DNA-based molecular markers. This review will help us better understand the characteristics of different genetic markers and the genetic diversity of animal genetic resources.  相似文献   

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Background:The pork industry faces unprecedented challenges from disease,which increases cost of production and use of antibiotics,and reduces production efficiency,carcass quality,and animal wellbeing.One solution is to improve the overall resilience of pigs to a broad array of common diseases through genetic selection.Behavioral changes in feeding and drinking are usually the very first clinical signs when animals are exposed to stressors such as disease.Changes in feeding and drinking behaviors in diseased pigs may reflect the way they cope with the challenge and,thus,could be used as indicator traits to select for disease resilience.The objectives of this study were to estimate genetic parameters of feeding and drinking traits for wean-to-finish pigs in a natural polymicrobial disease challenge model,to estimate genetic correlations of feeding and drinking traits with growth rate and clinical disease traits,and to develop indicator traits to select for disease resilience.Results:In general,drinking traits had moderate to high estimates of heritability,especially average daily water dispensed,duration,and number of visits(0.44 to 0.58).Similar estimates were observed for corresponding feeding traits(0.35 to 0.51).Most genetic correlation estimates among drinking traits were moderate to high(0.30 to 0.92)and higher than among feeding traits(0 to 0.11).Compared to other drinking traits,water intake duration and number of visits had relatively stronger negative genetic correlation estimates with treatment rate and mortality,especially across the challenge nursery and finisher(?0.39 and?0.45 for treatment rate;?0.20 and?0.19 for mortality).Conclusion:Most of the recorded drinking and feeding traits under a severe disease challenge had moderate to high estimates of heritability,especially for feed or water intake duration and number of visits.Phenotypic and genetic correlations among the recorded feeding traits under disease were generally low but drinking traits showed high correlations with each other.Water intake duration and number of visits are potential indicator traits to select for disease resilience because of their high heritability and had moderate genetic correlations with treatment and mortality rates under severe disease.  相似文献   

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Background:There is a lack of data for the standardized ileal digestibility(SID) of fat and fatty acids in national feed databases.In addition,it is important to specify the procedures used for fat analyses.Therefore,an experiment was conducted to 1) determine the apparent ileal digestibility(AID) and SID of fat and fatty acids in ten different oil sources for growing pigs and to develop prediction equations for SID of fat based on fatty acid composition;and 2) compare the effect of the fat extr...  相似文献   

17.
Estimating genetic connectedness among herds is important for the accuracy of dairy cattle genetic evaluation. When selecting between animals raised in different herds, the accuracy of their genetic evaluations can be influenced by the degree of connectedness among these herds. In this study, two methods were used to measure genetic connectedness, CR （genetic connectedness rating ） and GLt （total number of direct genetic links between group）, among herds from Beijing, Shanghai, and Tianjin. Genetic connectedness between the herds from Beijing and Tianjin was 23.95%, between Beijing and Shanghai was 17. 10%, and between Shanghai and Tianjin it was 14.28%. Genetic connectedness between herds from Beijing and Tianjin was the highest and that between Shanghai and Tianjin was the lowest. The correlation coefficient for the two methods was 0. 808. Some suggestions for improved genetic evaluation of dairy cattle were also discussed.  相似文献   

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Background Carcass traits are crucial for broiler ducks,but carcass traits can only be measured postmortem.Genomic selection(GS) is an effective approach in animal breeding to improve selection and reduce costs. However,the performance of genomic prediction in duck carcass traits remains largely unknown.Results In this study,we estimated the genetic parameters,performed GS using different models and marker densities,and compared the estimation performance between GS and conventional BLUP on 35 c...  相似文献   

20.
Integrins are a highly complex family of receptors that, when expressed on the surface of cells, can mediate reciprocal cell-to-cell and cell-to-extracellular matrix(ECM) interactions leading to assembly of integrin adhesion complexes(IACs) that initiate many signaling functions both at the membrane and deeper within the cytoplasm to coordinate processes including cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, survival, differentiation, and metabolism. All metazoan organisms possess integrins, and it ...  相似文献   

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