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1.
《Fitoterapia》2013
Psoralea corylifolia is an important medicinal plant which is used in several traditional medicines to cure various diseases. The plant extracts have been reported to possess antibacterial, antitumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifungal and immunomodulatory activity. A wide range of chemical compounds including psoralen, isopsoralen, bakuchiol, psoralidin, bakuchalcone, bavachinin, flavones, volatile oils, lipids etc. are found in different parts of the plant. The present review is therefore, an effort to give a detailed survey of the literature on its botany, phytochemistry and ethnopharmacology along with special emphasis given on pharmacological activities of plant P. corylifolia. 相似文献
2.
Over the past several years, great advances have been made on development of novel drug delivery systems (NDDS) for plant actives and extracts. The variety of novel herbal formulations like polymeric nanoparticles, nanocapsules, liposomes, phytosomes, nanoemulsions, microsphere, transferosomes, and ethosomes has been reported using bioactive and plant extracts. The novel formulations are reported to have remarkable advantages over conventional formulations of plant actives and extracts which include enhancement of solubility, bioavailability, protection from toxicity, enhancement of pharmacological activity, enhancement of stability, improved tissue macrophages distribution, sustained delivery, and protection from physical and chemical degradation. The present review highlights the current status of the development of novel herbal formulations and summarizes their method of preparation, type of active ingredients, size, entrapment efficiency, route of administration, biological activity and applications of novel formulations. 相似文献
3.
In the recent years, the interest and research in medicinal plants have increased in a great deal. Ayurvedic medicines and formulations developed from ancient Indian herbal systems are renowned for their various important applications. Berberis aristata - an Indian medicinal plant, which belongs to the family Berberidaceae is an ayurvedic herb used since ancient times. It is also known as Indian berberi, Daruharidra, Daruhaldi, Darvi and Chitra. The plant is useful as anti-pyretic, anti-bacterial, anti-microbial, anti-hepatotoxic, anti-hyperglycaemic, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant and anti-lipidemic agent. B. aristata extracts and its formulations are also useful in the treatment of diarrhoea, haemorrhoids, gynaecological disorders, HIV-AIDS, osteoporosis, diabetes, eye and ear infections, wound healing, jaundice, skin diseases and malarial fever. This review aims to highlight the ethnobotany, pharmacognosy and pharmacological uses of B. aristata which will give insights in developing potentially new bioactives from the plant scaffolds. This review will also highlight the patenting trends, the new compositions developed using the actives from B. aristata and the different assignees involved in filing patents. 相似文献
4.
《Fitoterapia》2014
Chelidonium majus and Corydalis cava are phylogenetically closely related (Papaveraceae family). The medicinal and pharmaceutical interest in these plants is based on their synthesis of pharmaceutically important compounds, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic acids and proteins. C. majus shoot and C. cava tuber extracts have been used in traditional folk medicine to treat many diseases, such as fungal, bacterial and viral infections, liver disorders, fever, post-traumatic, colic, abdominal and menstrual pains and even cancer. This study attempts to perform a global comparative proteomic analysis of pharmacologically important extracts from these two closely related unsequenced plant species to gain insights into the protein basis of these plant organs and to compare their common and specific proteomic compositions.We used a shotgun proteomic approach combined with label-free protein quantitation according to the exponentially modified protein abundance index (emPAI). In total, a mean number of 228 protein identification results were recorded in C. cava tuber extracts and about 1240 in C. majus shoot extracts. Comparative analysis revealed a similar stress and defense-related protein composition of pharmacologically active plant species and showed the presence of different pathogenesis-related and low molecular inducible antimicrobial peptides. These findings could form the basis for further elucidation of the mechanism of the strong pharmacological activities of these medicinal plant extracts. 相似文献
5.
Northeastern India has high medicinal plant diversity due to variance in topography and physiognomy. We documented the uses of various medicinal plants by the Bengali people of West district and South district of Tripura state for their own health care as well as for domesti-cated animals. Based on semi structured interviews, group discussions and information from local informants, a total of 93 species of medicinal plants of 52 families and 83 genera were documented. These plants were used to treat more than 55 different human diseases and 6 diseases of livestock. Sixty-eight plant species were used singly and the rest were used in combination with other species for therapeutic formulations of various diseases. Leaves of plants were most often used for most of the ethnobotanical preparations. Maximum consensus value of 96% was recorded for Chromolaena odorata （L.） King ＆amp;H. Rob., and the mini-mum was 15%for Bambusa balcooa Robx. Of the 93 plant species, 75 species showed pharmacological properties. Prospects for augmenting existing knowledge and enhancing the use of traditional medicinal plants are discussed. 相似文献
6.
《Fitoterapia》2013
The roots of Potentilla fulgens have been used for a long time as a folk remedy for many ailments without having information on its pharmacological action. Of the various extracts prepared by partitioning of the methanol extract, the ethyl acetate fraction was found to possess better antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. The degree of reduction in cloning efficiencies of MCF-7 cell lines was more with ethyl acetate than with hexane fraction of the root-extract. Hence, this fraction was further purified and nine compounds, including two new ursane type triterpenoids Fulgic acid A (4) and Fulgic acid B (5), were identified and characterized. Other compounds were identified as ursolic acid, euscaphic acid, corosolic acid, epicatechin, catechin, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde and gallic acid. Chemical structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, especially ESIHRMS and 2D NMR techniques. The new compounds showed good antioxidant activity and therefore this plant can be a source of natural antioxidants. 相似文献
7.
《Fitoterapia》2014
Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are associated with many pathogenic disorders such as pathogenesis of diabetes or endothelial dysfunction leading to cardiovascular events. Therefore, the identification of new anti-AGE molecules or extracts aims at preventing such pathologies. Many Clusiaceae and Calophyllaceae species are used in traditional medicines to treat arterial hypertension as well as diabetes. Focusing on these plant families, an anti-AGE plant screening allowed us to select Mammea neurophylla for further phytochemical and biological studies. Indeed, both DCM and MeOH stem bark extracts demonstrated in vitro their ability to prevent inflammation in endothelial cells and to reduce vasoconstriction. A bioguided fractionation of these extracts allowed us to point out 4-phenyl- and 4-(1-acetoxypropyl)coumarins and procyanidins as potent inhibitors of AGE formation, potentially preventing endothelial dysfunction. The fractionation steps also led to the isolation of two new compounds, namely neurophyllols A and B from the DCM bark extract together with thirteen known mammea A and E coumarins (mammea A/AA, mammea A/AB, mammea A/BA, mammea A/BB, mammea A/AA cycloD, mammea A/AB cycloD, disparinol B, mammea A/AB cycloE, ochrocarpin A, mammea A/AA cycloF, mammea A/AB cycloF, mammea E/BA, mammea E/BB) as well as δ-tocotrienol, xanthones (1-hydroxy-7-methoxyxanthone, 2-hydroxyxanthone) and triterpenes (friedelin and betulinic acid). During this study, R,S-asperphenamate, previously described from fungal origin was also purified. 相似文献
8.
Traditional herbal remedies for gynecological disorders in women of Bidar district, Karnataka, India
A survey of medicinal plants used by rural population in Bidar district, Karnataka, India is reported. Eighteen plant species belonging to 13 families and 18 genera were included. Their botanical and vernacular names, plant part used, popular medicinal use, forms of preparation and application of the herbal remedies are given. 相似文献
9.
10.
Polygonum sachalinensis is a widespread invasive plant in Europe. Chemical profiles of its different organs were studied by HPLC-UV-ESI/MS. Seven major constituents quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside, quercetin-3-O-arabinopyranoside, lapathoside D, N-trans-feruloyltyramine, lapathoside C, hydropiperoside, and vanicoside B were isolated and identified. The free radical-scavenging, α/β-glucosidase, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of crude MeOH extracts and isolated compounds were studied. The structure–activity relationships were discussed. The chemical profiles revealed flavonoids and phenylpropanoids are the major compounds of all the organs of this plant. Quercetin-3-O-arabinopyranoside, lapathoside D, N-trans-feruloyltyramine, lapathoside C and hydropiperoside were isolated from this species for the first time. In the α-glucosidase bioassay, quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside, lapathoside D and N-trans-feruloyltyramine demonstrated stronger activities than the positive reference acarbose. The trend in scavenging power showed no relation to enzyme inhibition in the test models. 相似文献
11.
The extensive use of plants as medicines has pointed out that herbal medicines are not as safe as frequently claimed. Therefore, it can be harmful to take herbal medicines without being aware of their potential adverse effects. A comprehensive surveillance system for monitoring the adverse effects of herbal medicines is now essential. Also knowledge of the correlation existing between the marker compounds and other ingredients that occur in plants is a necessary requirement for ensuring the efficacy and quality of the herbal medicines. 相似文献
12.
This paper reports the results of an ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used by the Thari people of the Nara Desert, Sindh, Pakistan. Fifty-one plant species distributed across 28 families and 43 genera were discovered to have medicinal uses by local inhabitants of the Nara Desert. Twenty-one of those species are proposed to have new uses not recorded in the Indo-Pak folk herbal medicinal literature. Boraginaceae and Amaranthaceae were the most dominant families (5 species; 2 and 4 genera, respectively) of medicinal plants, followed by Asteraceae, Capparidaceae, Convolvulaceae, Poaceae, Scrophulariacea and Zygophyllaceae. About 44 types of ailments were treated with various parts of the 51 medicinal plant species. For treating ailments, the use of the whole plant was higher (53%) than leaves (18%), roots (14%) and fruits (10%) alone. 相似文献
13.
A survey of medicinal plants used by rural communities in the Bustillo Province of the Potosi Department in Bolivia is reported in this article. Fifty-six plant species belonging to 24 families and 46 different genera were included. Their botanical and vernacular names, plant part used, popular medicinal use, forms of preparation and applications of the herbal remedies are given. 相似文献
14.
采用线路调查、样地调查和查阅相关资料文献相结合的方法,对湖南省桂东县三台山种子植物区系进行研究。结果表明：三台山共有维管束植物183科、688属、1307种,其中种子植物162科、656属、1233种,占湖南全省种子植物种数的19.81％。除栽培或逸生植物外,该地共有野生种子植物149科585属1095种。野生种子植物中科有10个分布型,属有14个分布型,种有14个分布型,分布型组成较复杂;除世界广布型（1分布型）外,热带成分（2～7型）科、属、种占总科、属、种数的比例分别是44.96％、41.71％、23.38％;温带成分（8-14型）科、属、种的比例分别为25.50％、47.51％、39.90％;中国特有分布型（15分布型）大部分可归类为温带性质;种子植物区系中有10个中国特有属和373种中国特有种,这些属和种与华东、华中、华南等地区联系广泛;种子植物区系具有中亚热带向南亚热带过渡的特点,其中华南特有分布植物,尤其南岭山地特有分布的植物种类较多。 相似文献
15.
A survey of medicinal plants used by the ethnic communities of Dibru-Saikhowa Biosphere Reserve in Northeast India has been reported. Fifty-five plant species belonging to 34 families and 52 different genera were included. For each plant species, botanical name, vernacular name, part(s) used, popular medicinal use, forms of preparation and applications of the herbal remedies are provided. 相似文献
16.
广东东源康禾省级自然保护区野生药用植物资源调查 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
广东东源康禾省级自然保护区有药用植物175科520属801种,种数占保护区维管植物总种数的78.3%,即超过3/4的种类为药用植物,种类非常丰富。其中蕨类植物31科61种,裸子植物3科3属3种,被子植物141科470属737种,双子叶植物比例优势明显。在这些药用植物中,菊科、草本类、全草(全株)类、清热类、平性类、苦味类分别在种类数量、生活型、药用部分、药性、药味中占优势。文章分析了广东东源康禾省级自然保护区野生药用植物资源的特点和用途,并就如何使保护区的药用植物资源更好地得到保护和利用提出了相关建议。 相似文献
17.
通过野外调查和查阅文献资料,获取新生桥国家森林公园植物资源信息,从植物种类、区系等方面对森林公园植物多样性进行分析。结果表明,森林公园共记录种子植物115科417属734种,其中裸子植物5科10属11种,被子植物110科407属723种。种子植物科的组成以小科(55科,占47.8%)和极小科(31科,占27.0%)为主,科内种的组成以中等科(238种,占32.4%)和小科(182种,占24.8%)为主;属的组成以小属(132属,占31.6%)和极小属(272属,占62.5%)为主,属内种的组成以小属(325种,占48.0%)和极小属(272种,占37.1%)为主;优势科7科,优势属22属;在属级和种级水平植物区系上,温带分布均占有绝对优势;有3个中国特有属,265种中国特有种;有国家一级重点保护野生植物1种,国家二级重点保护野生植物5种。 相似文献
18.
长白山区维管植物资源及其多样性 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
经过7年的调查研究发现,长白山区共有野生维管植物143科、629属、1 800种、190变种、47变型,分别占中国维管植物科、属、种数的47.67%,18.46%,5.80%.其中珍稀濒危植物25种,占植物总数的1.39%;多年生草本1 251种,占植物总数的69.5%;药用类、观赏和饲用类最多,分别占植物总数的51.56%、44.78%和33.67%.87.28%的种类分布在海拔450～1 000 m的红松针阔混交林中.提出保护和开发利用的具体建议. 相似文献
19.
玉龙雪山地区经济植物资源初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2005—2007年对丽江玉龙雪山地区常见经济植物资源进行调查研究,结果表明:区内传统利用的和具开发利用价值的常见经济植物有81科177属387种,按植物资源的经济用途可划分为8大类:药用植物31科90属172种,观赏植物资源8科32属126种,芳香植物7科13属21种,油料植物14科16属19种,纤维植物8科8属10种,鞣料植物4科7属19种,淀粉植物5科5属10种,野果植物4科6属10种;并总结了各类用途植物的名录。可为进一步研究当地少数民族对植物资源的传统利用及区内经济植物的可持续开发利用提供参考。 相似文献