共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 504 毫秒
1.
川东北地区是水稻稻纵卷叶螟常年轻发区,2007-2009年该虫在南部县大发生,特别是在2009年大面积暴发,其根本因为是大量迁入的虫源、适宜的气候条件、优质丰富的饵料、化学农药施用不当等.在此提出水稻稻纵卷叶螟的防治时策. 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
川东北地区2009年水稻稻纵卷叶螟大发生原因及防控对策 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
川东北地区是水稻稻纵卷叶螟常年轻发区,2007—2009年该虫在南部县大发生,特别是在2009年大面积暴发,其根本原因是大量迁入的虫源、适宜的气候条件、优质丰富的饵料、化学农药施用不当等,在此提出水稻稻纵卷叶螟的防治对策。 相似文献
5.
2007-2009年连续3年应用探照灯诱虫器和佳多自动虫情测报灯,并结合雌蛾卵巢解剖对稻纵卷叶螟种群进行了监测.结果表明:探照灯诱虫器能有效监测稻纵卷叶螟种群动态,其数量变化规律与佳多测报灯灯下虫量变化规律基本一致,监测峰次多于佳多灯.探照灯诱虫器对稻纵卷叶螟的诱蛾量显著高于佳多灯,且对起飞迁出、过境、迁入降落虫群均具有较强诱捕作用.据此提出了以探照灯诱虫器、佳多测报灯诱虫突增情况和雌蛾卵巢解剖情况为标准的探照灯诱虫器诱蛾虫源性质判断方法,并以此方法,对探照灯诱虫器诱捕迁入、过境和迁出稻纵卷叶螟进行了个例分析. 相似文献
6.
7.
为了明确稻纵卷叶螟的田间种群动态和虫源性质,本文通过田间调查、雌蛾卵巢解剖及风场分析,对2010年江苏仪征市单季稻区第3、4代稻纵卷叶螟发生动态和田间种群的虫源性质进行系统研究.结果表明:第3代基本为迁入种群,分别在7月19-22日、26-27日、7月29-8月1日,出现3个明显的迁入峰;第4代为本地繁殖大部分迁出种群,分别在9月4日、7-9日、11日、16-17日、19-21日出现明显的蛾量突减现象.同时对迁飞高度(850 hPa)的高空风向分析表明,在这个区域内的第3代发生期间高空盛行偏南风,有利于稻纵卷叶螟的成虫从南方迁入,而第4代发生期间高空盛行偏北风,有利于稻纵卷叶螟的成虫向南回迁.第3代发生期间的降雨量、日平均气温和相对湿度对稻纵卷叶螟的大发生影响不显著,第3代(主害代)高峰日蛾量与稻纵卷叶螟的田间卵量发生程度呈显著正相关.最后讨论了近几年稻纵卷叶螟在仪征市发生为害加重的原因. 相似文献
8.
稻纵卷叶螟田间种群数量动态研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
分析秀山县2009年稻纵卷叶螟成虫、卵量、幼虫数量消长动态,并与2008年及1978—2008年平均值进行比较,研究稻纵卷叶螟发生规律,以指导稻纵卷叶螟测报及综合防治工作。 相似文献
9.
10.
根据2009年5月23日国家农业部副部长危朝安先在央视朝闻天下报道：2009年水稻“两迁”害虫的迁入范围、迁入数量则明显超过大发生的2006年。所以全国各植保部门应做好准备，选择高效安全的5％阿维菌素（青龙刀）来防治稻纵卷叶螟。 相似文献
11.
新疆奇台县近42a气候变化特征分析 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
根据新疆奇台县气象站的气温及降水资料,利用线性趋势函数及M ann-kendall突变检测法分析了该地区近42年的气候变化。结果表明:年平均气温与极端最低气温均呈上升趋势,而极端最高气温呈下降趋势;年降水量呈上升趋势。从季节变化来看,除夏季平均气温呈下降趋势,其它各季平均气温均呈上升趋势,其中以冬季增幅最大,秋季次之;各季降水均呈上升趋势,其中以夏季增幅最大,冬季次之。年平均气温未发生突变,而年降水量在1984年发生由少向多的突变。对气温和降水的异常分析得出,暖温年多发生在上世纪80年代后,冷温年多发生在上世纪60、70年代;多雨年主要在近20年,少雨年则多在上世纪60、70年代。此外,该县近42 a来增暖幅度小于全疆和北疆;增湿幅度大于全疆,小于北疆。 相似文献
12.
13.
14.
15.
综述了我国苜蓿主要病害的分布和危害、病原学、发生规律、抗性种质材料的遗传筛选和鉴定及综合防治等方面的主要研究进展,并提出了今后的研究方向和发展目标。 相似文献
16.
Cees Waalwijk Pieter Kastelein Ineke de Vries Zoltan Kerényi Theo van der Lee Thamara Hesselink Jürgen Köhl Gert Kema 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2003,109(7):743-754
The re-emergence of fusarium head blight throughout the world and especially in Western Europe prompted a survey of the situation in the Netherlands. To allow for a high throughput screening of large numbers of samples, a diagnostic PCR method was developed to detect the most common species of Fusarium occurring on wheat. Seven primer pairs were tested for their ability to identify isolates of Fusarium avenaceum, F. culmorum, F. graminearum, F. poae, F. proliferatum and Microdochium nivale var. majus and M. nivale var. nivale. Each primer pair only generated a PCR product with the corresponding Fusarium species and all PCR fragments had different molecular sizes. This allowed the generation of these amplicons using a mixture of all seven primer pairs. The robustness of this multiplex PCR encouraged us to screen a large series of isolates collected in 2000 and 2001. In both years 40 fields were sampled leading to a collection of 209 isolates from 2000 and 145 isolates from 2001. The results of the multiplex PCR demonstrated that F. graminearum was the most abundant species in the Fusarium complex on wheat in both years. This is in sharp contrast to reports from the 1980s and early 1990s, which found F. culmorum as the predominant species. Primers derived from the tri7 and tri13 genes, which are implicated in the acetylation and oxygenation of the C-4 atom of the backbone of the trichothecene molecule, were used to discriminate between deoxynivalenol and nivalenol (NIV) producers. The populations of F. culmorum and F. graminearum both showed a slight increase in NIV-producers in 2001. 相似文献
17.
18.
弹状病毒含有单链负义RNA基因组,寄主范围比较广泛,能侵染无脊椎动物、脊椎动物以及植物等寄主,对人类的健康、农作物产量和自然生态系统造成严重威胁。植物弹状病毒主要根据复制场所分为细胞质弹状病毒属Cytorhabdovirus和细胞核弹状病毒属Nucleorhabdovirus,其基因组由单股负链RNA组成。此外,Dichorhavirus和Varicosavirus病毒属是两个新鉴定的植物弹状病毒属,其特征是具有二分体基因组。本文着重介绍危害我国农作物的几类植物弹状病毒,对它们的病理学、病害流行、基因组信息以及传播媒介进行概述,为中国植物弹状病毒病害的研究提供理论依据。 相似文献
19.
Variation in pesticide residues in space and time has not been investigated systematically in spite of the large variability found at single scales (e.g. between trees or orchards). Information on variability at different scales will support the development of sampling methods and more reliable prediction of residues. Experiments were conducted to quantify the spatiotemporal variability in initial spray deposit on apple leaves and fruit using a substitute tracer (zinc EDTA chelate). Five hierarchical spatial scales were defined as (1) between orchards, (2) between plots within an orchard, (3) between trees within a plot, (4) between zones within a tree and (5) between leaves/fruit within a zone. Similarly, two temporal scales were defined as (1) between applications within a single year and (2) between years. The initial zinc concentration was approximately log-normally distributed; the variability in initial deposit concentration was greater on leaves than on fruit. The average initial zinc deposition was significantly greater in the top and outside zones than in the middle zones within individual trees. The most important scale for driving residue variability is the within-zone unit-to-unit variation, contributing to 71 and 49% of the observed variability for leaf and fruit samples respectively. Variability at other scales was related to the variation in the tree architecture. The results indicated that stratified sampling on the basis of within-tree zone structures, with the effort focused on within-zone sampling, should be used for the determination of pesticide residues. 相似文献