共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 734 毫秒
1.
通过间接免疫荧光标记对杉木花粉和花粉管内微管骨架的分布进行观察,结果显示:杉木花粉在萌发初期的花粉中存在浓密的微管网络,主要呈现横向或斜向分布;花粉萌发后,微管开始从花粉粒延伸入花粉管中,花粉粒和花粉管基部微管排列呈现横向、斜向或螺旋状排列;在杉木花粉管中部微管骨架则主要呈现与花粉管伸长相平行的网络状分布,在部分伸长初期的花粉管中微管会延伸到花粉管顶端.在多数花粉及花粉管中微管主要分布在细胞的周质.在花粉管顶端微管分布有3种形式:1)在花粉管亚顶端有垂直于花粉管伸长方向排列的微管;2)花粉管中微管呈螺旋状分布并延伸到顶端;3)微管在花粉管顶端形成复杂的网络结构. 相似文献
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采用离体培养结合荧光定位技术对油松花粉管生长特征和微丝骨架分布规律进行研究.结果表明:油松花粉离体萌发过程,除大量呈单一花粉管形态外,还存在异形花粉管,如具2条花粉管及分枝花粉管等;在适宜培养条件下,培养60 h后萌发率趋于稳定(91％以上),培养96 h后花粉管长度逐渐趋于稳定(173 μm以上);异形花粉管发生频率与花粉萌发率呈极显著正相关(r =0.786 7,P=0.004 1),花粉管分枝发生于管伸长至89.73(±3.44)μm处;在不同形态的花粉管中均有微丝骨架正常分布,并且推动花粉管细胞核和造粉体向花粉管顶端移动;在花粉管的透明区,微丝束呈现平行于花粉管的浓密网状结构,当花粉管生长较长时,微丝束有变得稀疏的趋势. 相似文献
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应用荧光标记和激光扫描共聚焦显微镜术研究了黑松花粉和花粉管的形态结构,结果表明:黑松成熟花粉含2个退化的原叶细胞、1个生殖细胞和1个管细胞;花粉水合12 h后才开始萌发,花粉萌发后管细胞核移动进入花粉管内,而生殖细胞仍留在花粉粒内;伸长的花粉管可分淀粉粒区和透明区;花粉管内原生质的流动呈喷泉式;花粉管壁具纤维素层;年青的花粉管壁有胼胝质沉积,而较老的花粉管壁不具胼胝质层,花粉管内亦不具胼胝质塞;花粉管易于形成分枝,培养基中蔗糖浓度与分枝的形成有关;培养基中高浓度蔗糖可抑制花粉管的伸长.裸子植物在花粉结构、花粉萌发和花粉管的形态结构方面与被子植物存在较大差异. 相似文献
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采用固体培养基研究了不同浓度的蔗糖、硼和钙配比对杂交榛花粉萌发及花粉管生长的影响.结果表明:蔗糖、硼酸浓度间对花粉萌发有显著影响,钙浓度间对花粉萌发的促进作用不明显;蔗糖150 g·L~(-1)、硼酸100 mg·L~(-1)时最适宜花粉管伸长;蔗糖的缺乏会导致胼胝质在花粉管顶端积累,使其生长停滞,缺硼时胼胝质在花粉管内分布正常.杂交榛花粉适宜的培养基为:蔗糖150 g·L~(-1)+硼酸100 mg·L~(-1)氯化钙100 mg·L~(-1)琼脂10 g·L~(-1). 相似文献
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对19个板栗品种的花粉育性的两个方面(花粉萌发率、花粉管生长特性)进行了测定 分析,发现板栗花粉的萌发率一般高于65%,以70%～90%区域内分布为最多,高于90%和低 于70%的品种较少。花粉管生长在花粉萌动后的20min中伸长最快,而后逐渐趋于平稳。一 定浓度的蔗糖溶液有助于花粉管的生长,10%、20%蔗糖浓度均能显著提高花粉管伸长速度。 相似文献
7.
为给杂交育种和人工辅助授粉提供参考,用花粉离体培养法,研究了不同植物生长调剂对猕猴桃花粉萌发和花粉管生长的影响。结果表明:不同植物生长调节物质对花粉萌发和花粉管生长的作用不同。6-BA抑制花粉萌发和花粉管生长;萘乙酸在10mg/L时促进萌发效果最好,抑制花粉管生长;赤霉素在60～90mg/L质量浓度范围内促进花粉萌发和花粉管生长,最适质量浓度为90mg/L;多效唑只有在50mg/L时能促进花粉萌发,抑制花粉管生长;2,4-D在0.5mg/L时促进萌发和花粉管生长,其它质量浓度表现抑制作用;精胺在0.025mmol/L、腐胺在0.05mmol/L时促进猕猴桃花粉萌发和花粉管生长,亚精胺对猕猴桃花粉萌发和花粉管生长表现抑制作用。 相似文献
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为了提高榆叶梅的坐果率和杂交育种效果,采用花粉液体培养法,开展了人工辅助授粉和杂交育种试验,研究了5种植物生长调节剂对重瓣榆叶梅花粉萌发和花粉管生长的影响情况。结果表明:花粉萌发和花粉管生长取决于植物生长调节剂的种类和质量浓度,适于榆叶梅花粉萌发和花粉管生长的赤霉素、6-BA和2,4-D的质量浓度分别为25.0～100.0、5.0～10.0和0.5～10.0 mg/L;萘乙酸对榆叶梅花粉萌发起抑制作用,而在质量浓度为0.5～2.5 mg/L时,其对榆叶梅花粉管生长却有促进作用;多效唑对榆叶梅花粉萌发和花粉管生长总体上有抑制作用。 相似文献
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以川榛为实验材料,以平榛和平欧杂种榛为对照,采用荧光显微法观察不同环境条件、不同授粉方式、不同花序形态、不同授粉时间柱头上花粉的附着数量、花粉萌发率和花粉管的生长特性,以期确定川榛最佳可授期和授粉方式,掌握花粉萌发所需的适宜温湿度。结果表明:川榛不同花期柱头可授性大小为:盛花期末花期露红期;川榛疏散状花序的可授性优于直簇状,平刷授粉效率优于点授;在加双层湿滤纸的培养皿高湿度条件下,花粉管萌发和生长速度先于温室和田间条件,说明湿润温和的环境更利于川榛花粉的附着、萌发和花粉管的生长;环境温湿度和种质对花粉管萌发具有重要影响,花粉管的生长速度受环境温湿度的影响较大,与种质无关。 相似文献
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鹅掌楸属两种植物花粉品质和花粉管生长的研究 总被引：24，自引：0，他引：24
应用ＦＤＡ荧光染色法、离体和活体培养及看护培养等方法检验了鹅掌楸属两种木本植物花粉的品质，观察了开花期间花粉品质的变化，同时也观察统计了自然和人工授粉情况下，花粉在柱头上萌发及花粉管在花柱中生长的情况。研究结果表明：在离体条件下，柱头和子房对花粉的萌发和花粉管的生长有明显的促进作用；花粉在自己或异己的柱头和胚珠上萌发均良好，是亲和的，但花粉管通过花柱的比率较低，仅２４％。与本课题前期工作的研究结果相一致。并从数量调查和活体观察两个方面，再一次证实雄配子体的发育水平是影响结籽率的重要因子之一，花柱是不亲合性反应的发生区域。 相似文献
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To investigate the roles of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A in the development of pollen tubes of Picea wilsonii Mast., pollen grains were cultured in standard medium in the presence and absence of the protein phosphatase inhibitors okadaic acid and calyculin A. At nanomolar concentrations, these compounds blocked pollen tube growth, causing abnormal morphologies of the pollen tubes. Studies with Fluo-3 revealed that the inhibitors reduced the pollen-tube tip-to-base cytoplasmic calcium (Ca(2+)) gradient and arrested extracellular Ca(2+) uptake. The transmission electron microscope observations indicated that the fusion of paramural bodies with plasma membranes occurred frequently in the tip and sub-tip regions of control pollen tubes, but fusion rarely occurred in inhibitor-treated pollen tubes. Staining with aniline blue showed that callose accumulated in the tip regions of inhibitor-treated pollen tubes. Immunolabeling of pollen tubes revealed that acidic pectin epitopes recognized by the monoclonal antibody JIM5 were present in the tip region and on the flanks of the sub-tip in normal pollen tubes. In inhibitor-treated pollen tubes, these epitopes existed only in the extreme tip region and at higher concentrations than in control pollen tubes. The esterified pectin recognized by JIM7 was located preferentially at the extreme tip region in normal pollen tubes, but at basal sites in inhibitor-treated tubes. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis further confirmed the changes in acidic and esterified pectin distributions and their relative contents. These results suggest that protein phosphatase 1 or 2A, or both, are involved in the regulation of Ca(2+) uptake across the plasma membrane, in exocytotic activity and in the biosynthesis of cell wall components, all processes that occur in the tip region of pollen tubes and that control pollen tube development. 相似文献
12.
To study the role of boron in pollen germination and pollen tube growth of Picea meyeri Rehd. et Wils., pollen grains were cultured in standard medium or boron-deficient medium. Effects of boron on the localization of pectins and callose in the walls of pollen tubes were observed by laser scanning confocal microscopy after staining with aniline blue or immunolabeling with antibodies JIM5 and JIM7. Changes in the structures of pectins and phenolics were investigated by fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy. Pollen germination in boron-deficient medium ranged from 18 to 24%, whereas pollen germination in standard medium reached 61%. Callose accumulated in the tip-regions of pollen tubes cultured in boron-deficient medium, but not in standard medium. Immunolabeling with antibody JIM5 revealed that acidic pectin preferentially accumulated in the tip regions of pollen tubes cultured in boron-deficient medium, whereas acidic pectin was weakly distributed along the entire lengths of pollen tubes cultured in standard medium. Esterified pectin, detected by immunolabeling with antibody JIM7, showed a similar distribution pattern in pollen tubes in both the boron-deficient and standard treatments. The FTIR spectra indicated slight increases in contents of phenolics and carboxylic acids and a substantial decrease in the content of saturated esters in boron-deficient pollen tubes compared with normal pollen tubes. The FTIR spectra confirmed that boron deficiency enhanced acidic pectin accumulation in pollen tubes, which may be associated with the increased content of carboxylic acid. We conclude that boron has a regulatory role in pollen germination and pollen tube growth. 相似文献
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应用控制授粉、常规石蜡切片技术研究了中国鹅掌楸与北美鹅掌楸种间杂交后的胚胎发育过程。结果表明：（１）控制授粉后花粉正常萌发，并有较多的花粉管进入柱头，但花粉管在花柱内生长缓慢甚至解体；（２）花粉萌发６ｄ后花粉管经花柱沟、珠孔塞和珠心冠原组织进入胚囊进行珠孔受精，２０ｄ时游离核胚乳细胞化，发育形成２～４个细胞厚的狭长组织，３５ｄ后可观察到球形胚；（３）随着胚和胚乳的发育，珠被发育形成种皮。授粉时，胚珠具２层珠被，外、内珠被均由外表皮、中层和内表皮组成；胚与胚乳发育期间，珠被各层发生了一系列的变化，最终种皮由外珠被的外表皮细胞形成的膜层和中层细胞形成的气室以及内、外珠被内表皮细胞形成的硬化层组成；（４）受精时成熟胚囊及到达珠孔的花粉管的数目较少，受精频率较低；（５）受精过程基本正常，但胚和胚乳发育不协调，导致胚在发育早期败育，很难观察到后期胚的发生。 相似文献
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《林业研究》2020,31(5):1913-1922
SWEET transporters play a pivotal role in sugar transport in plants. However, their functions in pollen tube growth, especially in coniferous species remain unknown.Here, we used RT-q PCR to reveal that a SWEET1 gene was specifically expressed in pollen and pollen tubes of Picea wilsonii. A pollen germination assay showed that Pw SWEET1 was induced by H_3BO_3 but not by Ca~(2+). In a sugar specificity experiment, sucrose(Suc) and glucose(Glc) were effective sugars for pollen germination and pollen tube growth. Pw SWEET1 expression was induced most by Suc and Glc. Heterologous expression of Pw SWEET1 in yeast showed that Pw SWEET1 can restore the glucose absorption in yeast strain EBY.VW4000, which has a hexose absorption defect, and the absorption of glucose is p H-independent. This evidence supports the involvment of Pw SWEET1 in boron-dependent glucose transport in pollen germination and pollen tube growth of Picea wilsonii. 相似文献
16.
Paoletti E 《Tree physiology》1992,10(4):357-366
The presence of 1 to 3 mg 1(-1) sodium dodecylbenzensulfonate detergent, or a growth medium pH of 4.0-5.0, inhibited pollen germination and pollen tube elongation more in broad-leaved trees than in conifers. In the broad-leaved species, pollen germination and pollen tube elongation showed similar sensitivities to detergent and acidity, whereas in the conifers, pollen tube elongation was more sensitive than pollen germination to detergent and acidity. Although the germination percentage was low, conifer pollen germinated in the presence of detergent concentrations up to 15 mg l(-1) and at acidities as low as pH 2.5 or 3.0. Pollen germination of most broad-leaved species was completely inhibited in the presence of detergent concentrations of more than 3-5 mg l(-1); the only exceptions were some entomophilous species (e.g., Salix caprea L.) in which the ability of the pollen to germinate in high pollutant concentrations could be related to the presence of tryphyne. 相似文献
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以杉松新鲜花粉为材料,测定在含有不同质量分数蔗糖固体培养基上萌发率,结果表明:花粉培养24 h之内形态基本无变化,培养至48 h时有花粉开始启动萌发,48 h后,花粉大量萌发,适宜培养时间为72 h。在蔗糖质量分数为5%培养基上花粉萌发率高于其他质量分数,萌发率均值为90.9%,最高值为95.1%。当质量分数为20%时,萌发率均值仅为51.4%。高质量分数蔗糖会抑制花粉萌发及花粉管伸长。 相似文献
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Elke Krug 《Forest Pathology》1990,20(4):251-255
Pollen germination of Norway spruce and Scots pine is stimulated by low doses of x-rays and radar (densities 2,7–6 mW/m2) when exposed for one minute. Longer exposition inhibited germination generally, but the less vital pollen seemed to be destroyed first. Radiowaves with λ= 3m and electrostatic fields (frequency 50 Hz; field intensities between 2 kV/m and 10 kV/m) did not show effects on germinating pollen. Pollen tubes were longer when germinated in darkness. 相似文献