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1.
对鸡痢阳性鸡对种鸡生产性能影响的调查 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
我们在哈尔滨市种鸡场白痢防制工作过程中，从１９９２年以来对鸡白痢阳性鸡的生产性能，水门氏菌在内脏分布情况做了大量的调查。调查和试验表明；鸡白痢阳性鸡能使种蛋受经降低４％－９％，孵化率降低８％－１２．４％，中死胚增多３％－８％，毛胚率增加４％－１０％，鸡白痢阳性鸡年产蛋率降低８．４％－３４．６％，死淘率增加７．３％－２８％。 相似文献
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我们在哈尔滨市种鸡场鸡白痢防制工作过程中，从１９９２年以来对鸡白痢阳性鸡的生产性能、沙门氏菌在内脏分布情况做了大量的调查。调查和试验表明：鸡白痢阳性鸡能使种蛋受精率降低４％～９％，孵化率降低８％～１２４％，中死胚增多３％～８％，毛胚率增加４％～１０％，鸡白痢阳性鸡年产蛋率降低８４％～３４６％，死淘率增加７３％～２８％。沙门氏菌在鸡白痢阳性鸡内脏分布以性腺输卵管和卵巢携菌率最高达８６６％和７３３％，其次以肝脏、肾脏携菌率高达６６６％。调查结果证明鸡白痢阳性鸡对种鸡生产性能危害程度严重。 相似文献
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248起鸡白痢诊治综合报告 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
２４８起鸡白痢诊治综合报告黄志清（江苏省溧阳市畜牧兽医站，２１３３００）笔者将１９９０年５月至１９９１年４月遇到韵２４８起（每起百只鸡以上）鸡白痢的诊治情况，作一综合报告。一、原因与流行病学通过对２４８起鸡白痢病的调查及其畜主的询问，可将引发本病的主... 相似文献
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用自拟中草药方剂防治维鸡白痢霍全胜，李福勋（民和县种畜场，８１０８００）鸡白痢是由沙门氏菌引起的传染病。笔者曾用磺胺、痢特灵、青霉素等治疗疗效不显，故于１９９５年４月采用自拟中草药方剂和氯霉素对罗曼雏鸡白痢进行试验治疗，现报告如下：１材料和方法１．１... 相似文献
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1%混合酸预防鸡白痢病效果观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
１％混合酸预防鸡白痢病效果观察赵淑丽，裴丽珠（吉林省农业学校，吉林市昌邑区总站）为寻求新的防制鸡白痢药物，我们用１％混合酸，在本校牧场存雏室进行预防雏鸡白痢并同本校常用的卡那霉素、用特灵作对比试验，结果如下。１材料与方法试验用鸡吉林省农校牧场迪卡鸡雏... 相似文献
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温岭市绿牧畜禽有限公司使用鸡白痢平板凝集试验对10120只种鸡进行了鸡白痢的净化，鸡白痢的阳性率和可疑阳性率从21．81％下降到抽检没有发现鸡白痢阳性，达到了浙江绿色农产品和国家绿色食品的要求。 相似文献
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Time trends in animal-disease surveillance often are evaluated on the basis of crude estimates of apparent prevalence. In addition to possible changes in the true prevalence of the condition, changes in apparent prevalence over time might reflect changes in sensitivity and/or specificity of the diagnostic classification used. To illustrate this, comparative post-mortem meat inspection data from four Danish slaughter plants sampled in 1993-1994 and 1997-1998 were used to obtain latent-class model estimates of the sensitivity and specificity of traditional and extended post-mortem meat inspection of visceral and parietal chronic pleuritis (CP), respectively.True prevalence of CP was estimated for each study period and slaughter plant by latent-class models. Estimated sensitivities of traditional post-mortem meat (TPM) inspection ranged from 28.8 to 61.4% (1993-1994) and 39.2 to 87.3% (1997-1998). An increase in sensitivity with time was seen for all slaughter plants. Estimated sensitivities of extended post-mortem meat (EPM) inspection ranged from 85.7 to 94.8% (1993-1994) and 73.8 to 93.0% (1997-1998). All estimated specificities were >93.3%.The possible association of the estimated true prevalence of CP with time (1993-1994 versus 1997-1998) was investigated with a logistic-regression model with random effects. A slight, but non-significant decrease in the odds of CP from 1994 to 1998 was found (odds ratio=0.9).In this and similar situations, one should consider conducting ongoing double-classification of samples of units followed by statistical estimation of true prevalences, sensitivities and specificities, so that decisions can be based on such estimates rather than on crude apparent prevalences. 相似文献
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冷季型草坪主要杂草发生规律及化学防除研究 总被引：18，自引：2，他引：16
1993～ 1998年调查了黑龙江省哈尔滨市等地草坪主要杂草的发生规律 ,研究了相应的防除对策。结果表明根据草坪的生长时期和杂草的发生规律 ,选用适宜的除草剂及防除方式 ,对单、双子叶杂草的株防效均在 90 %以上 ,而且对草坪草无害 相似文献
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The problems addressed are: (1) comparison of prevalences of Salmonella spp. in different herd types in the Danish pig population after implementation of the Danish Salmonella Control Program (DSCP), and (2) to make a reference to a study from 1993/1994 (pre-implementation) with a discussion of possible biases when diagnostic methods differ slightly. The objectives were to present the prevalences of Salmonella spp., Salmonella Typhimurium, and multiresistant S. Typhimurium DT104 in Danish pig herds in 1998. Further, to discuss how herd prevalences may be compared to a previous study.A bacteriological study in 1998 comprised: (a) a random sample of slaughter pig producing herds (N=1962); (b) a random sample of farrow-to-grower (sow) herds (N=305); and (c) all breeding and multiplying (genetic) herds (N=366). A previous bacteriological study on Salmonella presence in 1993/1994 served as a model for the present study. The results of the study were that multiresistant S. Typhimurium DT104 was detected in one herd producing slaughter pigs. The herd apparent prevalences (HAPs) of Salmonella spp. were 11.7, 16.7 and 11.4% in genetic, sow, and slaughter pig herds, respectively. The conclusion of the study was that prevalence of multiresistant S. Typhimurium DT104 was low in the examined slaughter pig herds. The herd true prevalence (HTP) of Salmonella spp. in pigs had declined from before the start of the DSCP in 1993/1994 to 4 years later (1998). 相似文献
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云南省于１９９３年和１９９８年从澳洲分别引进了２４头和９９头婆罗门种牛,其中１１１头作为中国第一个婆罗门纯繁群留在云南省肉牛和牧草研究中心示范牧场驯化饲养。本文初步总结了这一品种在云南的适应性、生产性能和杂交改良效果等。 相似文献
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K H Kaulfuss R Süss P Schenk 《Tier?rztliche Praxis. Ausgabe G, Grosstiere/Nutztiere》1999,27(2):74-82
Between January 1993 and April 1998 in a total of 27,378 sheep an ultrasonographic early pregnancy diagnosis was done. The determined pregnancy rates (mean = 82.2%) were related to the mating systems, duration of mating season and time of the year. The benefits of scanning are described. If the pregnancy rate is lower than 97% the early pregnancy diagnosis is economical to flock management. Cases of uterine and fetal pathology (fetal mortality, maceration, hydrometra, pyometra) are presented. 相似文献
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Ohashi K Miyazaki N Tanabe S Nakata H Miura R Fujita K Wakasa C Uema M Shiotani M Takahashi E Kai C 《Veterinary microbiology》2001,82(3):203-210
Forty Caspian seals were surveyed seroepidemiologically between 1993 and 1998 around the times of mass mortality that occurred in 1997 in the Caspian Sea and seven Baikal seals were also surveyed in 1998. Virus neutralizing tests and ELISA clearly suggested that distemper virus epidemic was caused in Caspian seals before the spring of 1997 and that CDV infection continued to occur in Lake Baikal in recent years. 相似文献
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De Marco MA Campitelli L Foni E Raffini E Barigazzi G Delogu M Guberti V Di Trani L Tollis M Donatelli I 《Veterinary microbiology》2004,98(3-4):197-208
We report the results of a 6-year serological and virological monitoring performed in ducks and coots in Italy, in order to assess the degree of influenza A virus circulation in these birds during wintering. A total of 1039 sera collected from 1992 to 1998 was screened by a double antibody sandwich blocking ELISA (NP-ELISA): seroprevalence of antibodies to influenza A viruses was significantly higher in ducks compared to coots (52.2% vs. 7.1%, respectively). The hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) assay, performed on NP-ELISA positive sera, showed that 16.9% of these duck sera and 33.3% of these coot sera had antibodies to at least one influenza virus HA subtype: ducks showed HI antibodies against most of the HA subtypes, except for the H3, H4, H7, and H12; coots were seropositive to the H3 and H10 subtypes, only. From 1993 to 1998, 22 virus strains were obtained from 802 cloacal swabs, with an overall virus isolation frequency of 2.7%. Viruses belonging to the H1N1 subtype were by far the most commonly circulating strains (18/22) and were isolated mainly from ducks (17/18). The remaining viruses were representative of the H10N8, H5N2 and H3N8 subtypes. Our data indicate some differences between influenza A virus circulation in sympatric ducks and coots and a significant antigenic diversity between some reference strains and viruses recently isolated in Italy. 相似文献
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Manuguerra JC Zientara S Sailleau C Rousseaux C Gicquel B Rijks I van der Werf S 《Veterinary microbiology》2000,74(1-2):59-70
The amino acid sequences of the HA(1) portion of the haemagglutinin of two equine A(H3N8) influenza viruses isolated in France in 1993 and 1998 were analysed to determine their evolutionary relationship with 51 other HA(1) amino acid sequences available in databanks. Our data show that the French strain isolated in 1993 belongs to a group of phylogenetically related viruses branched on the main trunk, illustrating the main lineage of evolution of the equine-2 H3 sequences before its split into two distinct lineages in the late 1980s. By contrast, the 1998 French isolate appears to belong to the more recent 'Eurasian' lineage. These data suggest that equine-2 strains antigenically related to old prototype viruses may cocirculate with the more recent 'Eurasian' and 'American' lineages. In conclusion, it may be necessary to include both strains representative of recent equine influenza variants and an older prototype strain in the current equine influenza vaccines. 相似文献
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Nuotio L Juvonen M Neuvonen E Sihvonen L Husu-Kallio J 《Veterinary microbiology》1999,64(2-3):231-235
Bulk milk samples from every herd supplying milk to dairies in Finland were examined for the presence of antibodies to BVD virus (BVDV) annually during 1993-1997. The highest prevalence, 0.99% in 1994, declined to 0.37% in 1996; however, this favourable trend appeared to discontinue in 1997, where the prevalence remained at 0.41%. In 1993, sera of all individual animals from bulk milk antibody-positive herds were examined for the presence of these antibodies. Since 1994, only sera of animals from herds with a bulk milk absorbance reading greater than 0.250 in the EIA test were examined individually. Three geographic foci of BVDV antibody-positive dairy herds were resolved in 1994, one in the north-western, another in the eastern and a diffuse third in the southern part of Finland. A distinct limiting of the spread was apparent in 1997. Beef cattle were also studied during 1993-1997; in 1993 breeding units, in 1994 mainly beef suckler herds and in 1995-1997 serum samples of beef animals at slaughter were examined for the presence of antibodies to BVDV. The prevalence of seropositive herds in 1993 and 1994 was 30.2% and 3.2%, respectively, while the prevalence among slaughter animals ranged 0.8-1.6%. Seronegative animals in herds with > 50% of seropositive animals were examined for the presence of BVD-virus. A total of 40 dairy herds and two beef herds with viraemic (persistently infected, PI) animals was encountered during 1993-1997. A comprehensive control programme and a more specific, cooperatively funded eradication programme for dairy cattle were launched in 1994. These programmes most probably contributed to the decline in prevalence during 1994-1996. 相似文献
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Egenvall A Bonnett BN Ohagen P Olson P Hedhammar A von Euler H 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2005,69(1-2):109-127
The main objective of this study was to describe the incidence of mammary tumors (MTs) and the survival after MTs, in female dogs between 3 and 10 years of age (insured for veterinary care and with life insurance in a Swedish animal-insurance company) from 1995 to 2002. Measures of incidence are presented crudely, by breed and across age categories and birth cohorts (1991-1998). The survivals until MT diagnosis and after a MT diagnosis were computed. The overall incidence for any MT claim was 111 dogs per 10,000 dog-years at risk (DYAR). The overall MT rate in the 1992 and 1993 birth cohorts was 154 dogs per 10,000 DYAR. The incidence for any MT claim increased with age and varied by breed, from 319 dogs per 10,000 DYAR in the English springer spaniel to 5 dogs per 10,000 DYAR in the rough-haired collie. At the ages 6, 8 and 10 years, 1%, 6% and 13% respectively, of all females had at least one MT claim. The MT mortality was 6 deaths per 10,000 DYAR and increased with age. The overall-case fatality was 6%. 相似文献