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用Ⅲ型和Ⅵ型绿脓杆菌制备双介疫苗进行免疫试验表明，双介疫苗接种小鼠２１天后，其对混合株及单型菌株攻毒保护率均为９０．９％；北极狐经２次免疫后，免疫期可持续９０￣１２０天，实验证明，绿脓杆菌双价疫苗可预防狐化脓性子宫内膜炎的发生。 相似文献
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《中国兽医杂志》2020,(4)
为探究某北极狐养殖场引起北极狐化脓性子宫内膜炎的致病菌,采集病狐子宫内脓汁及阴道棉拭子样本进行病原菌的分离鉴定和耐药性分析,综合流行病学调查、细菌分离培养、菌落观察、涂片染色镜检、16S rRNA基因序列分析等结果,鉴定该病的致病菌为不产色素铜绿假单胞菌。药敏试验结果显示,该致病菌对喹诺酮类、多数第3代头孢类抗生素表现敏感,对大环内酯类、β-内酰胺类、多肽类抗生素表现中度敏感,对氨基糖苷类抗生素、磺胺类抗菌药、利福平类抗菌药和呋喃类抗菌药多表现耐药。有关不产色素铜绿假单胞菌引起狐狸化脓性子宫内膜炎的报道较少,本试验结果为该病的诊治及预防提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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33怎样对狐化脓性子宫内膜炎进行治疗？
对狐的化脓性子宫内膜炎治疗原则是：抗菌消炎，促进子宫内脓性物排出。庆大霉素是首选药物，肌肉注射，每次8万单位，每日2次，或加到5％葡萄糖生理盐水中静脉注射。由于化脓性子宫内膜炎常混杂其他菌类感染，因此用庆大霉素治疗和同时，再同时注射氨苄青霉素效果更佳。 相似文献
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研究北极狐ESR基因的多态性与北极狐产仔数的相关性。采用PCR-SSCP技术检测北极狐ESR基因多态性,最小二乘法分析其多态性对北极狐产仔数影响的遗传效应。ESR基因在北极狐中存在多态性,A等位基因为优势等位基因;对于初产母狐,BB基因型母狐的TNB和NBA比AA基因型母狐分别多2.61头和1.25头(P<0.05);对于经产母狐,BB基因型母狐的TNB和NBA比AA基因型母狐分别多2.08头和1.29头(P<0.05)。在北极狐群中,北极狐ESR基因处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态。北极狐ESR基因B等位基因对北极狐产仔数性状有显著影响。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2014,(11)
为了研究北极狐FSHR基因的多态性与北极狐产仔数的相关性,试验采用PCR-SSCP技术检测北极狐FSHR基因多态性,用最小二乘法分析其多态性对北极狐产仔数影响的遗传效应。结果表明:FSHR基因在北极狐中存在多态性,A等位基因为优势等位基因。对于初产母狐,BB基因型母狐的总产仔数(TNB)和产活仔数(NBA)比AA基因型母狐分别多1.08头和1.58头(P0.05);对于经产母狐,BB基因型母狐的TNB和NBA比AA基因型母狐分别多1.72头和1.03头(P0.05)。在北极狐群中,北极狐FSHR基因处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态。说明北极狐FSHR基因B等位基因对北极狐产仔数性状有显著影响。 相似文献
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狐属于食肉目,犬科动物。目前,世界上人工饲养的狐有两个属,即狐属和北极狐属及这两个属的变种狐。狐属中有银黑狐、赤狐及各种彩狐;北极狐属中有北极狐(又名蓝狐)、芬兰北极蓝狐和彩色北极狐。 相似文献
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1流行特点北极狐犬瘟热我国各地时有发生,在自然条件下,银黑狐最易感,其次是北极狐,所有年龄的肉食毛皮动物均易感,但幼仔狐感染性最大,断乳后的仔狐最易感染,死亡率高。病毒存在于鼻液和唾液内,还存在体内多数器官和尿液及阴道分泌物中。通过 相似文献
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J. Nowacka‐Woszuk S. Salamon A. Gorna M. Switonski 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2013,130(2):136-141
Coat colour variation is determined by many genes, one of which is the melanocortin receptor type 1 (MC1R) gene. In this study, we examined the whole coding sequence of this gene in four species belonging to the Canidae family (dog, red fox, arctic fox and Chinese raccoon dog). Although the comparative analysis of the obtained nucleotide sequences revealed a high conservation, which varied between 97.9 and 99.1%, we altogether identified 22 SNPs (10 in dogs, six in farmed red foxes, two in wild red foxes, three in arctic foxes and one in Chinese raccoon dog). Among them, seven appeared to be novel: one silent in the dog, three missense and one silent in the red fox, one in the 3′‐flanking region in the arctic fox and one silent in the Chinese raccoon dog. In dogs and red foxes, the SNPs segregated as 10 and four haplotypes, respectively. Taking into consideration the published reports and results of this study, the highest number of missense polymorphisms was until now found in the dog (9) and red fox (7). 相似文献
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ZHANG Ting LIU Han-lu XING Jing-ya SI Hua-zhe ZHONG Wei YUE Zhi-gang LI Guang-yu 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(1):94-99
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of Lactobacillus probiotics on growth performance,nutrient digestibility and serum biochemical indexes in arctic foxes during the winter fur-growing period. Forty 135-day-old female arctic foxes with a similar body weight were randomly divided into 4 groups with 10 replicates per group and 1 fox per replicate. The foxes in control group were fed basal diets,while that of groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were fed basal diet+0.02% colistin sulfate, basal diet+1 mL Lactobacillus probiotics (active Lactobacillus was 3×109 CFU/mL) and basal diet+10 mL Lactobacillus probiotics,respectively. The results showed that:Compared to the control group,the addition of Lactobacillus probiotics significantly increased the average daily gain (P<0.05) and significantly decreased the F/G of arctic foxes during the winter fur-growing period (P<0.05).The apparent digestibility of EE and GE were significantly increased when arctic foxes fed diet supplemented with Lactobacillus probiotics (P<0.05).Supplementation of high level Lactobacillus probiotics could significantly decrease serum total cholesterol (P<0.05). Additionally,serum alanine aminotransferase concentration of group Ⅱ was extremely significantly higher than that of the other three treatments (P<0.01). Moreover,the serum aspartate aminotransferase concentration was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05). In conclusion,the addition of Lactobacillus probiotics had beneficial effects on growth performance and apparent digestibility of EE and GE when arctic foxes got 3×109 CFU/mL active Lactobacillus from the probiotics per day. The total cholesterol in serum was significantly decreased when arctic foxes get 3×1010 CFU/mL active Lactobacillus from the probiotics per day. It might cause the liver damage when arctic fox got colistin sulfate for a long time. 相似文献
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B. I. Kim J. D. Blanton A. Gilbert L. Castrodale K. Hueffer D. Slate C. E. Rupprecht 《Zoonoses and public health》2014,61(1):72-80
The direct and interactive effects of climate change on host species and infectious disease dynamics are likely to initially manifest\ at latitudinal extremes. As such, Alaska represents a region in the United States for introspection on climate change and disease. Rabies is enzootic among arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus) throughout the northern polar region. In Alaska, arctic and red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) are reservoirs for rabies, with most domestic animal and wildlife cases reported from northern and western coastal Alaska. Based on passive surveillance, a pronounced seasonal trend in rabid foxes occurs in Alaska, with a peak in winter and spring. This study describes climatic factors that may be associated with reported cyclic rabies occurrence. Based upon probabilistic modelling, a stronger seasonal effect in reported fox rabies cases appears at higher latitudes in Alaska, and rabies in arctic foxes appear disproportionately affected by climatic factors in comparison with red foxes. As temperatures continue a warming trend, a decrease in reported rabid arctic foxes may be expected. The overall epidemiology of rabies in Alaska is likely to shift to increased viral transmission among red foxes as the primary reservoir in the region. Information on fox and lemming demographics, in addition to enhanced rabies surveillance among foxes at finer geographic scales, will be critical to develop more comprehensive models for rabies virus transmission in the region. 相似文献
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试验旨在研究乳酸菌微生态制剂对冬毛期北极狐生长性能、营养物质消化率及血清生化指标的影响。选取135日龄、体重相近的健康雌性北极狐40只,随机分为4组,每组10个重复,每个重复1只。Ⅰ组饲喂基础日粮;Ⅱ组饲喂基础日粮+0.02%硫酸黏杆菌素;Ⅲ组饲喂基础日粮+1 mL乳酸菌微生态制剂（乳酸菌活菌数为3×109 CFU/mL）;Ⅳ组饲喂基础日粮+10 mL乳酸菌微生态制剂。结果显示：与对照组相比,添加乳酸菌微生态制剂可显著提高冬毛期北极狐平均日增重（P<0.05）,并显著降低料重比（P<0.05）;可显著提高冬毛期北极狐粗脂肪和总能表观消化率（P<0.05）;添加高水平乳酸菌微生态制剂可显著降低冬毛期北极狐血清总胆固醇水平（P<0.05）。此外,抗生素组北极狐血清谷丙转氨酶水平极显著高于其他各组（P<0.01）,谷草转氨酶水平显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。综上所述,在本试验条件下,当北极狐日采食活乳酸菌数达到3×109 CFU/mL时即可促进其生长,粗脂肪和总能表观消化率显著提高;当北极狐日采食活乳酸菌数达到3×1010 CFU/mL时,血清总胆固醇水平显著降低;长期添加硫酸黏杆菌素可能造成北极狐肝脏损伤。 相似文献
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D. C. Secord J. A. Bradley R. D. Eaton D. Mitchell 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1980,21(11):297-300
Brains and salivary glands of 521 trapped arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) submitted from four different settlement areas in the Northwest Territories were examined for rabies by the standard fluorescent antibody and mouse inoculation tests. Rabies antigen was present in 44 of 201 (21.9%) brains from foxes trapped in the Sachs Harbour area, but submissions from Cambridge Bay (127), Spence Bay (93) and Gjoa Haven (100) were negative. Virus was also present in salivary glands from 43 (97.7%) of these 44 positive foxes.
The arctic fox continues to be the main wildlife reservoir of rabies in the Canadian Arctic and foxes in the prodromal stage of the disease pose a particular threat to the trapper. Preexposure vaccination should always be a consideration in this occupational group.
相似文献18.
Rabies seems to persist throughout most arctic regions, and the northern parts of Norway, Sweden and Finland, is the only part of the Arctic where rabies has not been diagnosed in recent time. The arctic fox is the main host, and the same arctic virus variant seems to infect the arctic fox throughout the range of this species. The epidemiology of rabies seems to have certain common characteristics in arctic regions, but main questions such as the maintenance and spread of the disease remains largely unknown. The virus has spread and initiated new epidemics also in other species such as the red fox and the racoon dog. Large land areas and cold climate complicate the control of the disease, but experimental oral vaccination of arctic foxes has been successful. This article summarises the current knowledge and the typical characteristics of arctic rabies including its distribution and epidemiology. 相似文献
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Cats are considered essential for the maintenance of Toxoplasma gondii in nature. However, T. gondii infection has been reported in arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) from the Svalbard high arctic archipelago where felids are virtually absent. To identify the potential source of T. gondii, we attempted to isolate and genetically characterize the parasite from arctic foxes in Svalbard. Eleven foxes were trapped live in Grumant (78 degrees 11'N, 15 degrees 09'E), Svalbard, in September 2005 and 2006. One of the foxes was found to be seropositive to T. gondii by the modified agglutination test (MAT). The fox was euthanized and its heart and brain were bioassayed in mice for the isolation of T. gondii. All 10 mice inoculated with brain tissue and one of the five inoculated with heart developed MAT antibodies, and tissue cysts were found in the brains of seropositive mice. Two cats fed tissues from infected mice shed T. gondii oocysts. Genotyping using 10 PCR-RFLP markers and DNA sequencing of gene loci BSR4, GRA6, UPRT1 and UPRT2 determined the isolate to be Type II strain, the predominant T. gondii lineage in the world. 相似文献
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Prestrud KW Asbakk K Fuglei E Mørk T Stien A Ropstad E Tryland M Gabrielsen GW Lydersen C Kovacs KM Loonen MJ Sagerup K Oksanen A 《Veterinary parasitology》2007,150(1-2):6-12
Samples (blood or tissue fluid) from 594 arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus), 390 Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus), 361 sibling voles (Microtus rossiaemeridionalis), 17 walruses (Odobenus rosmarus), 149 barnacle geese (Branta leucopsis), 58 kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla), and 27 glaucous gulls (Larus hyperboreus) from Svalbard and nearby waters were assayed for antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii using a direct agglutination test. The proportion of seropositive animals was 43% in arctic foxes, 7% in barnacle geese, and 6% (1 of 17) in walruses. There were no seropositive Svalbard reindeer, sibling voles, glaucous gulls, or kittiwakes. The prevalence in the arctic fox was relatively high compared to previous reports from canid populations. There are no wild felids in Svalbard and domestic cats are prohibited, and the absence of antibodies against T. gondii among the herbivorous Svalbard reindeer and voles indicates that transmission of the parasite by oocysts is not likely to be an important mechanism in the Svalbard ecosystem. Our results suggest that migratory birds, such as the barnacle goose, may be the most important vectors bringing the parasite to Svalbard. In addition to transmission through infected prey and carrion, the age-seroprevalence profile in the fox population suggests that their infection levels are enhanced by vertical transmission. 相似文献