共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 359 毫秒
1.
微生态制剂对新生仔猪小肠绒毛形态结构和黏膜免疫相关细胞的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了明确微生态制剂乳猪壮防治仔猪大肠杆菌病的效果,试验采用不同剂量乳猪壮口腔灌服新生仔猪,观测其小肠绒毛形态和黏膜免疫相关细胞的形态和分布。结果表明:小肠绒毛形态结构[绒毛高度、隐窝深度、绒毛长度与隐窝深度的比值(V/C)比值]和黏膜免疫细胞数量(上皮内淋巴细胞、杯状细胞)在十二指肠、空肠和回肠对乳猪壮呈剂量依赖性增长,其中以4 mL乳猪壮组各项指标增加最为明显,显著高于生理盐水组和硫酸庆大霉素组(P<0.05)。 相似文献
2.
为研究不同纤维源对吉林白鹅肠道形态学发育的影响,本试验分别以羊草和玉米秸秆作为日粮纤维源,选择56只吉林白鹅作为试验动物,应用组织切片技术分别对11、18、25、32、39、46、53日龄吉林白鹅小肠绒毛高度、隐窝深度、肌层厚度进行测定。结果表明:2个处理组均为空肠绒毛最长。2组肠道各段绒毛高度及肌层厚度在11~25日龄期间绝对生长值最高。羊草组鹅十二指肠及空肠绒毛高度、隐窝深度极显著高于玉米秸秆组(P<0.01)。玉米秸秆组鹅肠道各段肌层厚度高于羊草组。玉米秸秆组及羊草组鹅肠道各段绒毛高度/隐窝深度的比值总体上随日龄呈增长趋势,羊草组鹅十二指肠和空肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度的比值高于玉米秸秆组(P>0.05)。结果提示,本试验条件下,不同纤维源显著影响11~53日龄吉林白鹅肠道形态学发育,羊草组鹅十二指肠及空肠形态学发育优于玉米秸秆组。 相似文献
3.
目的:研究断奶腹泻仔猪小肠病变,以期为临床防治断奶仔猪腹泻提供理论依据.方法:断奶腹泻仔猪及健康仔猪各4头,处死后观察小肠病变及通过显微测微尺测定小肠绒毛高度和隐窝深度.结果:(1)腹泻仔猪小肠发生广泛充血、出血,黏膜上皮细胞变性、坏死和大量炎性细胞浸润;(2)腹泻仔猪十二指肠、空肠、回肠的小肠绒毛出血率均极显著高于健康组(P<0.01);(3)腹泻仔猪空肠绒毛高度均显著低于健康组(P<0.05),隐窝深度显著高于健康组(P<0.05),绒毛高度/隐窝深度值极显著小于健康组(P<0.01).结论:断奶仔猪腹泻造成小肠严重的病变和功能障碍. 相似文献
4.
《畜牧兽医学报》2016,(3)
为了探索新生仔猪回肠绒毛上皮是否存在M细胞以及自然感染条件下猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)与回肠绒毛M细胞之间的关系。采用免疫荧光、免疫组化及形态学方法研究了正常情况下仔猪回肠绒毛M细胞的分布特点和形态学特征,以及自然感染条件下PEDV与仔猪回肠绒毛M细胞之间的关系。免疫荧光结果证实正常仔猪回肠绒毛上皮存在M细胞,沿隐窝至绒毛顶端上皮方向,M细胞的数量逐渐减少。电镜下,正常仔猪的回肠绒毛M细胞具有典型的M细胞特征。自然感染PEDV的仔猪回肠绒毛M细胞病变明显,在其顶膜、细胞质、细胞核及其上皮下层均观察到成簇的PEDV颗粒,而相邻的其他上皮细胞病变不明显,且细胞内没有观察到病毒粒子。以上研究结果表明,新生仔猪回肠绒毛上皮存在M细胞,在绒毛的不同位置其分布比例存在差异。仔猪回肠绒毛M细胞可能是PEDV入侵肠道的重要通道。 相似文献
5.
本试验旨在研究豆粕中大分子蛋白质和肽含量对仔猪小肠绒毛结构的影响。采用凝胶过滤色谱技术分析豆粕中大分子蛋白质和肽含量。选取40头断奶仔猪,随机分成4个处理:去皮豆粕处理、发酵豆粕C处理、发酵豆粕E处理和动物蛋白处理。试验期5周。结果表明:去皮豆粕中大分子蛋白质含量约占80%,发酵豆粕中约占50%,甚至降至24%;发酵豆粕中肽含量约占19%,去皮豆粕中仅有2.7%。与去皮豆粕处理相比,发酵豆粕C处理十二指肠绒毛高度显著提高(P0.05),发酵豆粕E、发酵豆粕C处理十二指肠、空肠隐窝深度显著下降(P0.05),发酵豆粕E、发酵豆粕C处理十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度/隐窝深度均显著升高(P0.05)。由此可见,豆粕中大分子蛋白质含量与小肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度呈负相关;发酵豆粕能够在断奶仔猪饲料中使用,并且有效改善断奶仔猪小肠绒毛结构。 相似文献
6.
采用大体解剖学、组织化学和形态计量学的方法研究了0~3月龄非洲鸵鸟十二指肠的发育过程。观察了十二指肠的相对质量(相对于体质量),绒毛的高度、宽度、肌层厚度、肠腺隐窝的深度、肠腺的密度、绒毛杯状细胞、肠腺杯状细胞的数量变化。观察到十二指肠的相对质量在90日龄达到高峰;肠绒毛的高度、肌层厚度、肠腺隐窝的深度、肠腺的密度与日龄呈正相关;肠绒毛和肠腺的宽度在90日龄时达到峰值;绒毛杯状细胞、肠腺杯状细胞的数量从初生至45日龄随日龄增加而增加,45日龄至90日龄随日龄增加而减少,在45日龄达顶峰。结果表明,0~3月龄十二指肠的发育不完善,必须重视此阶段的饲养管理。 相似文献
7.
《中国兽医学报》2016,(5):859-863
选取妊娠第45天民猪母猪12头,随机分成2组,每组6个重复,每个重复1头母猪。Ⅰ组(对照组)饲喂基础饲粮,Ⅱ组(试验组)饲喂基础饲粮+1%L-精氨酸。采取初生仔猪小肠,制作切片,进行小肠形态学观察,并测定小肠IL-2基因的表达量。结果显示,试验组初生仔猪十二指肠绒毛高度、绒毛宽度和微绒毛长度均有升高的趋势,而绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比值显著升高,隐窝深度较对照组显著降低。空肠绒毛宽度以及微绒毛长度均有升高趋势,而绒毛高度、绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比值和隐窝深度较对照组分别显著升高22.89%、64.15%和降低37.12%(P0.05)。回肠绒毛宽度以及微绒毛长度均有不同程度的提高,而绒毛高度、绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比值及隐窝深度较对照组分别极显著增加34.38%、86.75%及降低40.63%(P0.01);试验组初生仔猪十二指肠IL-2基因表达量显著升高(P0.05),空肠IL-2基因表达量极显著升高(P0.01),而回肠该基因表达量呈现升高趋势,但无显著差异(P0.05)。结果表明,妊娠母猪饲粮中添加精氨酸能够有效提高初生仔猪的肠道免疫力及促进肠道发育。 相似文献
8.
为了探讨地塞米松对仔猪肠道黏膜的影响,选用福州周边某猪场30日龄仔猪30头,随机分为6组,3组为试验组,3组为对照组,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别肌肉注射1 mL、2 mL、3 m L地塞米松,对照组Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别肌肉注射1 mL、2 m L、3 mL生理盐水;药物试验7 d后,取十二指肠固定、脱水、包埋、切片,经HE染色、阿利新蓝-过碘雪夫(AB-PAS)染色,检测地塞米松对肠道绒毛高度、隐窝深度、绒毛高度和隐窝深度比值、黏液细胞、上皮内淋巴细胞数量的影响。结果表明:长时间过量注射地塞米松抑制肠绒毛生长,显著降低肠绒毛长度和隐窝深度比值,显著性降低仔猪十二指肠上皮酸性黏多糖阳性细胞和上皮内淋巴细胞数量。可见,持续过量注射地塞米松将影响十二指肠黏膜免疫功能。 相似文献
9.
《畜牧与兽医》2016,(2):77-81
为了检测日粮氮营养素水平对断奶仔猪肠道形态和黏膜免疫功能的影响选用健康杜×长×大三元杂交断奶25日龄仔猪12头,分别饲喂17.09%(低蛋白质组)和20.05%(NRC标准)的粗蛋白水平日粮,饲养至第25天采样。结果显示:低蛋白组和标准日粮组肠绒毛高度、隐窝深度、绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值,以及细胞连接蛋白(claudin-1和E-cadherin)的表达水平和绒毛中杯状细胞的数量差异均不显著(P0.05)。同时,低蛋白日粮组中回肠Ig A分泌细胞的面积和上皮内淋巴细胞(IELs)数量与高蛋白日粮组一致。结果表明:在NRC标准日粮基础上适当降低粗蛋白水平,不影响断奶仔猪的肠黏膜屏障功能和黏膜免疫水平。 相似文献
10.
应用组织切片技术对11～53日龄吉林白鹅小肠绒毛高度、绒毛宽度、隐窝深度和肌层厚度进行测定。结果显示,小肠各段绒毛高度及宽度随日龄增加整体上呈增长趋势,空肠绒毛最长,回肠绒毛高度、宽度在39日龄达到峰值,早于空肠和十二指肠。回肠隐窝深度11～53日龄随日龄增加而增加,十二指肠和空肠隐窝深度在39日龄达到峰值,39～53日龄变浅。小肠各段肌层厚度与日龄呈正相关,回肠的肌层厚度在46日龄达到高峰,十二指肠和空肠的肌层厚度在53日龄达到高峰。小肠各段绒毛高度/隐窝深度的比值随日龄增加而增加,53日龄时空肠的绒毛高度/隐窝深度的比值最高。 相似文献
11.
《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2006,15(2):266-273
A feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary sesame meal (SM) on growth performance and histological intestinal alterations of layer chickens. Thirty-two White Leghorn male chickens were divided into 4 groups of 8 birds. They were fed 0, 10, 20, or 30% dietary SM for 28 d. After the feeding experiment, average villus height, epithelial cell area, and crypt cell mitosis numbers were morphometrically compared with an image analyzer, and the results were analyzed with Duncan's multiple range test. The morphological changes of epithelial cells on the villus apical surface were observed morphologically using scanning electron microscope. The growth performance data revealed no significant differences in birds fed up to 20% dietary SM, significantly lower values were revealed in the 30% dietary SM group. At 10% dietary SM, growth performance tended to be improved. Most values of the intestinal villus height, epithelial cell area, and crypt cell mitosis numbers were not different among groups for each intestinal segment. Flat epithelial cells were on the intestinal villus apical surface in the group fed 0% dietary SM. Those cells developed into protuberated cells in the group fed 10% dietary SM, and these protuberated cells disappeared gradually with increasing dietary SM levels. Considerations for current growth performance and histological intestinal alterations suggest that the SM would have no detrimental effect on the growth performance with up to 20% dietary SM nor on the intestinal villi with up to 30% dietary SM, but hypertrophy was observed in the epithelial cells of bird fed up to 20% dietary SM. In conclusion, up to 20% SM could be incorporated into diets fed under commercial conditions to male birds of laying strains in the developer period. 相似文献
12.
本研究旨在探讨饲粮中添加酵母壁多糖对断奶仔猪生长性能和小肠黏膜形态结构的影响。试验采用单因素试验设计方法,选取180头遗传背景一致、健康状况良好、胎次和体重接近的21日龄断奶仔猪,随机分为4个组,每组5个重复,每个重复9头猪。4个组分别饲喂对照饲粮、0.15%酵母壁多糖饲粮、0.30%酵母壁多糖饲粮和0.45%酵母壁多糖饲粮。试验期21 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加酵母壁多糖能够显著提高断奶仔猪平均日增重和平均日采食量(P0.05);酵母壁多糖有降低断奶仔猪腹泻率和料重比的趋势,但差异不显著(P0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加酵母壁多糖能够显著提高断奶仔猪空肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度值(P0.05),添加0.45%酵母壁多糖能够显著提高断奶仔猪空肠绒毛高度和十二指肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度值(P0.05)。由此可知,酵母壁多糖可提高断奶仔猪的生长性能,并改善小肠黏膜形态结构;综合生长性能、小肠黏膜形态及经济成本等指标,其在仔猪饲粮中的适宜添加量为0.30%。 相似文献
13.
This study was aimed to investigate the effects of dexamethasone on the morphology of intestinal mucosa and intestinal immune barrier function, and study the feasibility of setting up the piglets intestinal damage model, which could provide a theoretical and scientific basis for the future research of the mechanism and prevention measures caused by other intestinal injury of glucocorticoids. 30 healthy piglets (1 week after weaning) were randomly divided into 6 groups, with 5 replicates in each group. The experimental groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were injected with dexamethasone 1, 2 and 3 mL, the control groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were injected with saline 1, 2 and 3 mL,respectively. HE staining,PAS staining and ELISA detection method were used to measure the intestinal villus length and crypt depth, villus length and crypt depth ratio, goblet cells and intraepithelial lymphocytes and sIgA. The results were as follows:Dexamethasone inhibited the growth of intestinal villus, the crypt depth became deeper, villus length and crypt depth ratio decreased,and the number of goblet cells, intraepithelial lymphocytes and sIgA levels were reduced in experimental groups, and the greater the dose, the more obvious the indicators changed. It suggested that dexamethasone could affect the growth of intestinal villus and the intestinal absorption of nutrients, damage mucosal immune barrier function in a dose dependent. 相似文献
14.
试验旨在研究地塞米松对仔猪肠道黏膜形态的影响,并初步探讨地塞米松对肠道免疫屏障功能的影响以及利用地塞米松建立仔猪肠道损伤模型的可行性,以期为今后研究其他糖皮质类激素引起的肠道损伤发生机制和防治措施提供理论和科学依据。试验选用断奶1周的健康仔猪30头,随机分为6组,每组5个重复,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别注射地塞米松1、2、3 ml,对照Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别注射生理盐水1、2、3 mL;采用HE染色、PAS染色和ELISA检测法分别测定肠道绒毛高度、隐窝深度、绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值、杯状细胞、上皮内淋巴细胞和肠黏膜分泌型免疫球蛋白A（sIgA）6个指标。试验结果表明,地塞米松能抑制仔猪肠绒毛生长,使隐窝深度变深,肠绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值降低,杯状细胞、上皮内淋巴细胞数目和sIgA含量均减少,且剂量越大以上变化越明显。综合上述结果,地塞米松会影响肠绒毛的发育和肠道营养物质的吸收,破坏黏膜免疫屏障功能,且有剂量依赖性。 相似文献
15.
不同来源寡糖和小肽对饲喂高脂日粮小鼠小肠绒毛形态的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
试验主要通过建立高脂动物模型诱导小鼠消化道氧化应激,研究不同来源的小肽和寡糖对小鼠体内小肠绒毛形态结构的影响。选取72只雄性ICR小鼠,体重为(24±2)g,随机分为6组(n=12),分别饲喂基础日粮组(对照组)、高脂日粮组、0.5%胶原蛋白肽(CP)高脂日粮组、0.5%米蛋白肽(RP)高脂日粮组、0.5%甘露寡糖(MOS)高脂日粮组和0.5%壳寡糖(COS)高脂日粮组。6周后处死小鼠,用HE染色制作石蜡切片,光镜观察各组小鼠小肠组织结构的变化。结果表明,饲喂高脂日粮使小鼠小肠绒毛脱落严重,绒腺比变小。添加0.5% CP、0.5% RP、0.5% MOS和0.5% COS的高脂日粮组均能减轻小肠绒毛短缩融合、脱落现象,使高脂小鼠小肠绒毛有所增长,隐窝深度变浅,绒腺比增大,其中0.5% CP和0.5% MOS对肠道黏膜保护效果最好。 相似文献
16.
Chicory (Cichorium intybus) belongs to plants of the Compositae family accumulating energy in the form of inulin fructan. Chicory, a prebiotic, is a fermentable oligosaccharide and oligofructose that may affect the intestinal mucosal architecture and the electrophysiological parameters. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of adding chicory fructans in feed on the intestinal morphology and electrogenic transport of glucose in broilers. Four hundred, 1 day old broiler chicks were randomly divided into two groups (200 bird per group) for 5 weeks. The dietary treatments were (i) control, (ii) basal diets supplemented with the dried, grinded ground chicory pulp containing inulin (1 kg of chicory/ton of the starter and grower diets). In duodenum, dietary chicory increased the villus height and villus width and villus height to crypt depth ratio (p < 0.05), but the duodenal crypt depth remained unaffected (p > 0.05). However, in jejunum, the villus height, crypt depth and villus height to crypt depth ratio were decreased by dietary chicory compared with control birds (p < 0.05). In ileum, the villus height and villus crypt depth was decreased by dietary chicory supplementation compared with control (p < 0.05), but, the villus height to crypt depth ratio was increased (p < 0.05). Moreover, dietary chicory relatively affected the electrophysiological parameters of the intestine but did not reach significance. The amount of ΔIsc after d ‐glucose addition to the jejunal mucosa was numerically higher for chicory fed birds (19 μA/cm2) than control birds (10 μA/cm2). The percentage of increase in the Isc after d ‐glucose addition (ΔIsc %) was higher for chicory group upto (90%) of the control group. In colon, the actual Isc value and Isc after d ‐glucose addition was numerically higher for chicory fed birds than control birds (p > 0.05). Moreover, the conductance of jejunal and colonic tissues after d ‐glucose addition remained unaffected by the dietary chicory. In conclusion, addition of chicory to broilers diet increased the duodenal villus height, villus width and villus height to crypt depth ratio and decreased the villus height and crypt depth in both jejenum and ileum. Furthermore, dietary chicory relatively modified the small intestinal electrogenic transport of glucose in broilers. 相似文献
17.
LIU Xiao-long FAN Huan CHEN long-bin LI Hai-hua QIAO Jia-yun WANG Wen-jie 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(11):3187-3194
In order to investigate the effects of cecropin and synbiotics on the intestinal mucosal morphology and intestinal mucosal immune cells of AA broilers. 480 of 1-day-old healthy AA broilers were chosen and randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates per group and 30 broilers per replicate. The broilers in group Ⅰ(control group) were fed basal diet,while that in groups Ⅱ to Ⅳ were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.5% cecropin,0.3% synbiotics,0.5% cecropin+0.3% synbiotics,respectively. The trial lasted for 42 days. The result showed that compared with group Ⅰ,the villus height of duodenum and ileum in group Ⅳ were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01).The crypt depth of jejunum and ileum in group Ⅱ,and that of small intestine in group Ⅲ were significantly or extremely significantly decreased (P<0.05;P<0.01).The villus height/crypt depth of small intestine in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ,and that of duodenum and ileum in group Ⅳ were significantly or extremely significantly increased (P<0.05;P<0.01).The villus width of jejunum in group Ⅱ was significantly decreased (P<0.05),while the villus width of duodenum and jejunum in group Ⅲ,that of jejunum and ileum in group Ⅳ were extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01).The mucous thickness of jejunum in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly increased (P<0.05),while that of small intestine in group Ⅳ was extremely significantly increased (P<0.01).The number of the intraepithelial lymphocyte of ileum in group Ⅱ was significantly increased (P<0.05),and that of duodenum in group Ⅲ and small intestine in group Ⅳ were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01).The number of the goblet cell of duodenum in group Ⅲ,duodenum and ileum in group Ⅳ were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01).The mast cell of jejunum in group Ⅳ was significantly increased (P<0.05).In conclusion,both the cecropin and synbiotics could improve the small intestine mucosal structure and promote the small intestine mucosal immunocompetent cells proliferation in AA broiler, and the effect of combined utilization would be better. 相似文献
18.
为研究日粮中添加天蚕素、合生素对AA肉鸡小肠黏膜形态及免疫细胞的影响,试验选用480只1日龄健康AA肉鸡,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复30只鸡。对照组（Ⅰ组）饲喂基础日粮,试验组（Ⅱ~Ⅳ组）分别在基础日粮中添加0.5%天蚕素、0.3%合生素、0.5%天蚕素+0.3%合生素。试验期42 d。结果显示,与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅳ组十二指肠、回肠绒毛高度极显著升高（P<0.01）;Ⅱ组空肠和回肠、Ⅲ组小肠各段隐窝深度显著或极显著降低（P<0.05;P<0.01）;Ⅱ、Ⅲ组小肠各段和Ⅳ组十二指肠、回肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度显著或极显著升高（P<0.05;P<0.01）;Ⅱ组空肠绒毛宽度显著降低（P<0.05）,Ⅲ组十二指肠和空肠、Ⅳ组空肠和回肠绒毛宽度均极显著降低（P<0.01）;Ⅱ、Ⅲ组空肠黏膜厚度显著升高（P<0.05）,Ⅳ组小肠各段黏膜厚度均极显著升高（P<0.01）。Ⅱ组回肠上皮内淋巴细胞数量显著升高（P<0.05）,Ⅲ组十二指肠、Ⅳ组小肠各段上皮内淋巴细胞数量极显著升高（P<0.01）;Ⅲ组十二指肠、Ⅳ组十二指肠和回肠杯状细胞数量极显著升高（P<0.01）;Ⅳ组空肠肥大细胞数量显著升高（P<0.05）。综上所述,天蚕素、合生素单独或联合添加均能改善AA肉鸡小肠黏膜结构,促进小肠黏膜免疫细胞增殖,联合添加效果最佳。 相似文献