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一、新兽药研发状况
1990～2002年新上市兽用结构药物54种，抗菌药17种、抗寄生虫药10种、体外杀虫药9种、非甾体抗炎药10种、饲料添加剂3种、其它5种，详情见表1-6。 相似文献
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《中国牧业通讯》2000,(8):51
投入巨资研究和开发兽药原料药和兽药新制剂一直是国外兽药生产厂家占领市场、立于不败之地的法宝。从这几年开发上市的兽药品种来看,仍然是以抗菌药物为主,其中以抗生素最多。开发动物专用的抗菌药物已成为热点,如近些年来相继开发上市的动物专用抗生素有伊维菌素、阿布拉霉素、多拉菌素、磷酸替米考星、头孢噻呋等,化学合成的动物专用抗菌药物有恩诺沙星、沙拉沙星、二氟沙星、达诺沙星、氟苯尼考等。抗寄生虫药物在上市的兽药中占居了重要位置,如伊维菌素（抗体内外寄生虫药）、氯芬新（宠物用杀外寄生虫药）、莫能菌素（抗球虫药、牛用促生长剂）和妥曲球利（抗球虫药）等。生物药品（生物工程疫苗、生长激素）也相继开发上市,如牛生长激素获FDA批准已在美国上市,猪的生长激素已在澳大利亚上市。从1996年前10种兽用原料药和制剂的销售情况见下表可以看出兽药产品的走势。另外,宠物用药受到关注,市场前景看好,据1998年统计,罗氏公司开发的Frontline（宠物杀虱药）的年销售额超过了2亿美元。 相似文献
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开发兽药新产品的途径 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在市场经济的形势下,当前兽药企业的竞争,实际就是兽药技术和产品的竞争。兽药生产企业发展兽药产品要获得成功,须注意三个原则：突出主体、发展系列、建立品牌。一、西药制剂的发展为适应养殖业发展的需要,当今的临床医疗兽用西药,比较集中于抗菌药和抗寄生虫药的生... 相似文献
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王俊菊 《动物科学与动物医学》2005,22(2):64-65
我国现有兽药企业2700多家，进入市场的兽药产品近4000个，在这些产品中，抗生素、合成抗菌药、抗病毒药、抗寄生虫药以及中草药制剂，都有较快的发展。据有关资料统计，这些年来，产品的合格率一直在65700-7070左右徘徊，兽药行政部门虽加大监管与抽检力度，但见效不大。本文简单概述了国内兽药产品存在的问题、原因和今后的发展方向。 相似文献
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2003年美国FDA批准的新兽药产品简介 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
简要介绍了美国FDA 2003年批准的新兽药产品,包括新兽药的商品名、有效成分、申请人、批准日期、OTC/Rx状况、给药途径、剂型、规格、靶动物及适应症等. 相似文献
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兽药是一类特殊商品,既要保证疗效,又要保障安全。现代兽药安全的概念,包括兽药对靶动物,对生产、使用兽药的人,对动物性食品的消费者,以及对环境的安全。对动物性食品消费者的安全,属于兽药残留控制问题。为了系统的宣传安全用药的常识、普及科学用药、合理用药的理念,本刊编辑部将采编一系列抗生素药物、消毒防腐药、抗寄生虫药物、解热镇痛药物、水产用药、蜂药的文章,以飨读者。 相似文献
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兽药及饲料添加剂的标签和说明书是兽医及用户安全、合理、有效地使用兽药(饲料添加剂)的指南。同时,它也是兽医医疗事故用药当否的判定依据。我国颁发的《兽药管理条例》第八条规定:兽药包装必须贴有标签,注明“兽用”字样,并附有说明书。标签或者说明书上必须注明商标、兽药名称、规格、企业名称、产品批号和批准文号,写明兽药的主要成分、含量、作用、用途、用法、用量、有效期和注意事项等。我国的《兽药生产质量管理规范(试行)》第三十六条规定:兽药说明书内容还需注明毒副反应、禁忌、注意事项、储存条件等。 按《兽药规范》规定,笔者对由兽药市场抽检近三年生产的兽药(饲料添加剂)产品的标签和说明书共500张,逐一做了检查,安全符合要求的有373张,占74.6％,有缺陷的121例,占24.2％,有错误的6例,占1.2％。抽样调查表明,标签和说明书不规范。现将抽样调查中发现的问题分述如下。 在抽检中未标明“兽用”或“兽药”字样的有37例,福建某厂生产的兽用鱼肝油,标签几乎与人药中鱼肝油一样,未注明兽用被误认为人用台鱼肝油。在兽药(饲料添加剂)中没有标明主要成分的有113例,山东某厂生产一种广谱抗生素,商品名为“××杀星”,标签仅标明为90年代新型抗菌素,主要成分并未标明;广东某厂生产的抗球虫药物 相似文献
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兽用化学药物研发动向 总被引：17，自引：1，他引：17
分析了国外兽用化学药物的研发趋势和特点,主要是食品动物用药减少,宠物用药明显增加,重点研发抗寄生虫药;认为应重视开发复方制剂和系列制剂,大力开发非甾体抗炎药.介绍了我国兽药的研发趋势和特点:食品动物用药、抗微生物药占主导地位,兽药剂型和制剂种类单一,中兽药品种繁多,认为我国兽药研发应当以仿制为主、创新为辅,积极研发新剂型和新制剂,加强水产养殖动物用药及宠物用药的开发,加强复方药物、饲料药物添加剂、中兽药和生物工程药物的研发. 相似文献
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我国兽药产品中存在的问题及今后的发展方向 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
我国现有兽药企业2 700多家,进入市场的兽药产品近4 000个,在这些产品中,抗生素、合成抗菌药、抗病毒药、抗寄生虫药以及中草药制剂,都有较快的发展。据有关资料统计,这些年来,产品的合格率一直在65%-70%左右徘徊,兽药行政部门虽加大监管与抽检力度,但见效不大。本文简单概述了国内兽药产品存在的问题、原因和今后的发展方向。 相似文献
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There was an increase in reports of suspected adverse reactions to veterinary medicines in 1989 with 329 reports (compared with 206 in 1988), from veterinary surgeons, farmers and the public, comments the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD). Suspected adverse reactions to clostridial/pasteurella vaccines in sheep were a dominant feature and important experience was gained both in terms of liaison with the farming press, and in handling large scale incidents involving PML products. The general trend towards increased reporting of adverse drug effects continues. The UK is the only EC member state to have a PML system and the VMD is looking with some urgency at ways of ensuring the more representative reporting of all categories of drug. Substantial liaison with the veterinary pharmaceutical industry occurred during the year and 204 product reports were requested from companies. 相似文献
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Reasons for performing study: With growing numbers of aged horses, geriatric medicine is becoming increasingly important in equine veterinary practice; however, there is a paucity of information on the UK equine geriatric population. Objectives: To describe the demographic characteristics of the equine geriatric population and to assess management practices undertaken by owners of geriatric horses (aged ≥15 years). Methods: A cross‐sectional study was conducted, surveying a randomly selected sample of veterinary registered owners with horses aged ≥15 years, using a self‐administered postal questionnaire. Results: Horses aged ≥15 years represented 29% of the equine population in the study area. The response rate to the questionnaire survey was 80.2%. Management practices were similar to those previously described for the general equine population. However, the level of exercise and feeding practices changed significantly with increasing age. A summary of the demographic characteristics, feeding and management of horses in a sample of the geriatric equine population is presented. Conclusions and potential relevance: The management of geriatric horses has a direct effect on their health and welfare and this study has provided valuable information on the demographics and management of geriatric horses and ponies in the UK. The information can be used to form targeted owner education programmes for geriatric health and should aid in the investigation and prevention of disease. 相似文献
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《The Veterinary record》2012,171(9):210-211
The following information has been produced for Veterinary Record by the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD) to provide an update for veterinary surgeons on recent changes to marketing authorisations for veterinary medicines in the UK and on other relevant issues. 相似文献
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《The Veterinary record》2012,171(5):113-114
The following information has been produced for Veterinary Record by the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD) to provide an update for veterinary surgeons on recent changes to marketing authorisations for veterinary medicines in the UK and on other relevant issues. 相似文献
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J. B. A. Loomans P. G. Waaijer J. T. M. Maree P. R. van Weeren A. Barneveld 《Equine Veterinary Education》2009,21(8):421-428
The aim of this study was to evaluate systematically the quality of equine veterinary top sports medicine in The Netherlands and the degree to which the expectations in the field are met. Focus was on structure, process and outcome of care. The structure of care is generally satisfactory but there is insufficient transfer of applicable scientific knowledge to the equine community and a lack of regular checks by team vets. The process of care is hampered by the failure in communication between the veterinary and paraveterinary members of a team. For continuation of the excellent international results of Dutch riders and drivers a more collaborative approach, abandoning the often secretive character of equine medicine in relation to sport horses, is necessary. 相似文献
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中药在肉鸡无公害生产中的应用研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
将4.4万只同龄的艾维茵肉仔鸡平均分为4栋进行试验,其中中药实验组2栋,化药对照组2栋,地面常规饲养,使用由北京锦绣大地风华兽药有限公司按GMP标准生产的灭呼散、肠菌清纯中药添加剂.试验结果表明中药添加剂组与化药组相比较,可提高肉鸡的生产性能及经济效益,发病率、死亡率下降了55.94%、生产成本降低了0.19元/kg,经济效益提高了78.31%;中药能显著调节肉鸡肠道的微生态平衡,降低有害菌大肠杆菌的数量(P＜0.01),增加有益菌乳杆菌的数量(P＜0.01),并可在一定程度上增加双歧杆菌的数量;对使用中药后胴体及组织中农药、抗生素、重金属残留的监测表明,中药作为肉鸡生产中的药物添加剂可满足无公害养殖标准. 相似文献
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This study aimed to characterise current practice relating to equine castration in the UK. A questionnaire was posted to all 655 veterinary practices specified to provide veterinary care for horses, or classified as specialist equine practices. Respondents were asked to cite the number of equine castrations performed annually by the practice, describe techniques used for castration, outline anaesthetic/sedative/analgesic drug protocols used and provide details of post-operative medication. There was a 43% response rate to the questionnaire. Considerable variation in techniques and analgesia provision was identified, with the majority of respondents using a number of sedation/anaesthetic protocols rather than a single technique. This characterisation of current practice provides a useful platform from which subsequent investigations into welfare implications of current equine castration techniques can be directed. 相似文献