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1.
Two ovine adenovirus (OAV) strains (RTS-42 and RTS-151), isolated from lambs in the central United States, were compared using 2-way cross-neutralization tests with the 6 recognized OAV species, 9 bovine adenovirus species, and 4 porcine species. Virus RTS-42 was identified as OAV type 5, confirming previous results. Virus RTS-151 was identified as OAV type 6, although the serologic crossing was largely one-sided.  相似文献   

2.
In double immunodiffusion tests between a bovine subgroup 2 adenovirus (serotype 8) and other mammalian adenoviruses, no group-specific crossing was demonstrated.However, in cross-fluorescent antibody tests (FAT) between bovine subgroup 2 viruses (serotypes 5, 7 and 8) and conventional (non-subgroup 2) adenoviruses from several species (bovine adenovirus serotypes 1 and 2, ovine serotypes 1, 4 and 5, porcine serotype 1, and human serotypes 2 and 5) sharing of antigens was demonstrated. The FAT titres observed when rabbit antisera to conventional adenoviruses were used to stain bovine subgroup 2 viruses were, however, much lower than titres with other non-subgroup 2 viruses. The converse was also true. The crossing was also predominantly one-sided.The low level cross was confirmed using antisera to selected viruses prepared in chickens to exclude interference by possible natural adenovirus infections in the rabbits used to prepare the antisera in the initial experiments.  相似文献   

3.
The DNA of the prototype strains of ovine adenovirus (OAdV) 1 through 5 was analysed by restriction enzyme (RE) digestion. The RE patterns generated by HindIII and PstI enzymes were characteristic of the examined strains. OAdV-2 and 3 resembled each other the most, and their EcoRI and HindIII patterns seemed to be identical. Considering the number of comigrating fragments, serotypes OAdV-2, 3, 4 and 5 looked more closely related to each other than to OAdV-1. This finding was strengthened by Southern blot hybridisations probed with random HindIII clones of OAdV-3. The estimated genome size of the examined OAdV types ranged between 31.9 and 32.8 kilobase pairs. The results supported the new genus classification of OAdVs.  相似文献   

4.
Twelve 1-week-old colostrum-deprived lambs that were inoculated with ovine adenovirus isolate RTS-151 developed a mild febrile response between postinoculation days (PID) 4 and 10. They were inactive and some had serous nasal discharges; their respiratory rates and efforts were increased. Virus was isolated from nasal secretions from PID 2 to PID 8. Virus also was isolated from tracheal fluid and lung tissue of most lambs at necropsy (between PID 2 and 12), but not from liver, kidney, small intestine, and feces, indicating that the infection was confined to the respiratory tract. Four control lambs remained healthy and neither virus nor serum antibody was detected.  相似文献   

5.
The growth of five ovine adenovirus serotypes in lamb kidney cell cultures is described. All five serotypes exhibited similar changes although nuclear enlargement and deformity was most marked with types 3 and 5. The first inclusions seen by H & E staining were irregular eosinophilic bodies. These increased and coalesced, and later refractile ‘pearl-like’ inclusions and granular basophilic inclusions were also seen. A single large basophilic inclusion was eventually formed. The first fluorescent inclusions were small and granular. Later, fluorescent rings and fluorescent reticular-like networks were observed. Electron-microscope studies with types 1 and 5 showed virus particles and associated inclusions of several types accumulating in the centre of infected nuclei. The sequence of changes observed was similar to those described for the human adenovirus 3, 4, 7 subgroup, and the Bartha group A bovine adenoviruses.  相似文献   

6.
Necrotizing pancreatitis was observed in 2-week-old Guinea fowl submitted for necropsy and histopathology. Intranuclear inclusion bodies seen histologically in acinar epithelium were examined by electron microscopy and found to contain viruses resembling adenovirus. Adenovirus was isolated in embryonated eggs from the pancreata of affected birds. The adenovirus isolated was not neutralized by chicken antisera developed against 10 known serotypes of group 1 avian adenoviruses.  相似文献   

7.
Four pathogenic avian adenovirus isolates associated with inclusion body hepatitis and mortality in commercial broiler chicks and chickens were characterized and identified. These group I avian adenovirus isolates were classified as group E (serotypes 6, 7, 8, and 9) avian adenoviruses on the basis of the restriction enzyme patterns of their viral DNA. Isolate 3718 was neutralized by a serotype 6 reference avian adenovirus antiserum and isolates 8193, 8380, and 8565 were all neutralized by a serotype 8 reference avian adenovirus antiserum by virus neutralization assays. Infectivity and virulence such as mortality, hemorrhages, enlarged green livers with intranuclear inclusion bodies, stunting, intestinal sloughing, and poor feathering were observed in specific-pathogen-free chicken embryos and were identical for all four isolates when embryos were inoculated via the yolk sac and/or chorioallantoic membrane. Complete mortality was observed within 72 hr postinoculation in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens inoculated intramuscularly for all four avian adenovirus isolates.  相似文献   

8.
A virus (T94-0353) isolated from the small intestine of a 3-week-old kid with diarrhea and serous ocular and nasal discharge was identified as an adenovirus based on morphologic and physicochemical characteristics. Neutralization tests and restriction endonuclease analysis comparing the caprine adenovirus with the prototype bovine and ovine adenovirus serotypes and a previously isolated caprine adenovirus showed that the caprine isolate was antigenically distinct, produced a unique restriction pattern compared with currently recognized bovine, caprine, and ovine adenoviruses, and represents a new adenovirus type. The role and significance of naturally acquired adenovirus infection in respiratory and enteric disease in goats has not been established. Isolation of adenovirus from goats with disease coupled with seroepidemiologic and pathogenicity studies will help define the role of the adenoviruses in disease production.  相似文献   

9.
Young lambs, inoculated with ovine adenovirus isolate RTS-151, were killed sequentially (to postinoculation day 21), and their morphologic lesions were studied. Lesions were found only in the respiratory tract and were most severe in the terminal airways. Many cells of the respiratory epithelium had severe cytomegaly and karyomegaly with intranuclear inclusions. Desquamation of affected cells was accompanied by hyperplasia of airway and alveolar epithelium and by accumulation of necrotic cellular debris and neutrophils in terminal airways and alveoli. Virus replicated in the nucleus of enlarged epithelial cells in the airways, but not in alveolar epithelium. Intranuclear inclusions representing viral replication progressed from clumps of finely granular material without virions to a granular material with virions and finally to a dense inclusion with numerous virions.  相似文献   

10.
Mucosal scrapings from the large intestine of two goats that had died from peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in separate outbreaks in Nigeria were examined for viruses. A mixed viral infection of PPR virus (morbillivirus) and adenovirus was confirmed in both goats. The adenoviruses did not conform to any of the ovine and bovine serotypes recognised; the two isolates were considered different serotypes. It is concluded that, although the role of adenoviruses in the epizootiology of PPR in Nigeria is difficult to appraise, they are probably commensals. This is believed to be the first report of the isolation of adenoviruses from goats.  相似文献   

11.
Eight hundred fourteen Polypay-cross lambs, 32 to 35 days old, were housed in an isolation barn under semiconfinement conditions. The lambs were observed twice daily for clinical signs of respiratory tract disease. During the 8-week observation period, an epizootic of respiratory tract disease developed, in which the combined morbidity and mortality was approximately 13%. The overall mortality was 4.1%, of which 57.6% was attributable to pneumonia. Pasteurella haemolytica was isolated from 11 (58%) of the 19 lung specimens obtained at necropsy. Serotyping revealed the presence of multiple serotypes: A1, A2, A5, A6, A9, and A12. Viruses with properties consistent with ovine adenovirus were isolated from 36% of the lung specimens. Five of the isolates were selected to determine their antigenic serotype. Results of virus neutralization testing indicated that in this group of lambs, there was concurrent infection with Mastadenovirus ovi type 5 and type 6.  相似文献   

12.
Eleven enteroviruses representing four serotypes were isolated in a porcine kidney cell-line from swabs collected from a litter of apparently healthy piglets in New Zealand. One serotype produced type 2 cytopathic effect and was neutralized by type 8 porcine enterovirus antiserum. Of the remaining three serotypes which produced type 1 cytopathic effect, one was neutralized by type 1 antiserum and two were not neutralized at all by antisera types 1 to 8. Cross neutralization tests were not carried out. Nervous disease or reproductive disorders have not yet been associated with these viruses in New Zealand.  相似文献   

13.
Ten strains of adenovirus representing 10 serotypes were administered intratracheally to 3-week-old specific-pathogen-free chickens, which also received 2.5 X 10(5) colony-forming units of a pathogenic Escherichia coli intranasally. Those birds had been inoculated by eye drop at 1 day of age with a virulent infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). Controls consisted of groups of chickens inoculated with: (a) IBDV and E. coli, (b) IBDV only, (c) E. coli only, and (d) no virus or E. coli. Gross pulmonary alterations at 5 days postinoculation (PI) included congestion and consolidation of one or both lungs of a chick inoculated with adenovirus serotype Ind-C and another inoculated with A-2. Histopathologic alterations in the lungs were those of multifocal interstitial and occasionally diffuse pneumonia. All 10 adenovirus serotypes elicited multifocal or diffuse pneumonia and bronchiolitis in one or more of the five birds per group necropsied at 5 days PI. T-8 and A-2 serotypes induced marked to serve diffuse pneumonia within 5 days; Ind-C, Stein, Tipton, 75-1A, B-3, and X-11 incited a mild diffuse pneumonia. In all groups, the pneumonic lesions were more severe 5 days PI than 12 days PI. Tracheitis was incited by Ind-C, Stein, T-8, and A-2 at 5 days PI; the lesions were minimal to marked in severity. None of the four control groups exhibited gross or histopathologic alterations except the two IBDV-infected groups, which exhibited bursal change.  相似文献   

14.
Tongue epithelia infected with each of the 7 serotypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) were used to evaluate in vivo and in vitro systems for the detection of FMDV. Cattle inoculated by the intradermal route in the tongue (IDL) and suckling mice inoculated intraperitoneally were compared for susceptibility to FMDV with freshly prepared bovine thyroid cell cultures; cultures from cryopreserved bovine thyroid, bone marrow, mammary gland, myocardium, tongue, ovary and kidney cells; cultures from cryopreserved embryonic ovine kidney, newborn ovine kidney, ovine testicle, bone marrow, and chloroid plexus cells; and the continuous porcine kidney cell lines MVPK-1 and S6. The mean titers determined for each serotype in each system were statistically compared. The FMDV titers obtained in freshly prepared bovine thyroid cell cultures and by cattle IDL inoculation were the highest and were statistically indistinguishable. The titers obtained by suckling mouse inoculation were significantly lower than the titers obtained in thyroid cultures for serotypes A, C, Asia 1, and SAT 3. The cattle IDL assay was significantly more sensitive than the mouse assay for serotype A. The cell cultures from the cryopreserved newborn ovine kidney and embryonic ovine kidney were significantly less susceptible to serotype Asia 1 when compared with the fresh bovine thyroid cultures, but not significantly different when compared with the cattle assay for all serotypes. Cryopreservation of bovine thyroid cells directly after trypsinization resulted in the loss of susceptibility to FMDV serotype SAT 2. The other cryopreserved cell culture systems exhibited no or minimal susceptibility to all 7 serotypes, or exhibited considerable inconsistency. The established cell lines MVPK-1 and S6 were not susceptible to serotype A, and were less sensitive to serotype C than other culture systems. Quality control of cell cultures used to evaluate field specimens for FMDV was critical. The cell cultures of cryopreserved ovine kidney cells provided the most practical diagnostic system.  相似文献   

15.
Six calves were inoculated with 1 of 2 North American serotypes of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) and then inoculated with the second serotype 16 weeks later. One calf did not develop an immune response to EHDV after primary inoculation and was removed from the study. Viremia after primary inoculation was transient. Although each infected calf developed a high serum neutralizing antibody titer to EHDV, at no time after inoculation with one or both viruses was antibody detected that neutralized any US serotypes of bluetongue virus. After exposure to both serotypes of EHDV, 4 of 5 calves developed antibodies that cross-reacted with group-specific bluetongue virus antigens.  相似文献   

16.
利用3对引物(A、B、C)分别进行Ⅰ群禽腺病毒的12个血清型毒株的Hexon全基因序列PCR扩增,并进行序列测定和PCR-RFLP分析,通过DNAStar软件和MEGA软件进行序列分析并绘制遗传发育进化树。结果显示,Hexon基因全长为2 800左右个核苷酸,编码约940个氨基酸,不同血清型之间的同源性为75.2%～99.5%,变异范围是0.0%～24.3%。推导的氨基酸同源性为20.7%～98.8%,差异性为0.0%～24.2%。12个血清型之间Hexon全基因序列信息用来评价Ⅰ群禽腺病毒家族的种系发育关系,构建的进化树显示出5个主要的分支。选用限制性内切酶HaeⅡ,利用存在差异的Hexon序列片段D特异性可以有效区分大部分血清型。结果表明,获得了Ⅰ群禽腺病毒12个血清型不同毒株的Hexon全基因序列并进行了分子进化分析,同时结合12个血清型PCR-RFLP分析,为进一步分析鉴别Ⅰ群禽腺病毒不同血清型提供依据。  相似文献   

17.
Monoclonal antibodies were produced against the Mirandola strain of canine adenovirus Type 1 (CAV-1) and the Manhattan strain of canine adenovirus Type 2 (CAV-2). The monoclonal antibodies were used in vitro in virus neutralization (VN) assays and in indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) tests to examine several strains of each virus type. Out of 36 monoclonal antibodies produced against the Mirandola strain, 18 were type-specific for CAV-1 by IFA and 13 of those neutralized the virus in vitro. The other 18 antibodies bound both CAV-1 and CAV-2 by IFA; however, 7 of those specifically neutralized only CAV-1. The 160 monoclonal antibodies made against the Manhattan strain of CAV-2 yielded 77 type-specific antibodies by IFA, of which 39 neutralized only CAV-2 in vitro. The remaining 83 antibodies recognized both CAV-1 and CAV-2 by IFA, with 3 of those neutralizing both viral types. The hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test was performed on a selected monoclonal antibody from each specificity group. Although Type 1 CAV could be readily differentiated from Type 2 CAV by using type-specific monoclonal antibodies in the IFA or VN tests, strains within each type could not be differentiated. This is the first report of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies for a mammalian adenovirus.  相似文献   

18.
Ten of 16 isolates of avian adenovirus could be readily classified as members of serotypes 2, 5, or 7. However, 6 exhibited broad neutralization reactions which created typing problems. Detailed studies of these interactions revealed that our prototype for serotype 5 (i.e., T-8; subsequently found to be an "intermediate" strain) contributed to this broad cross-reactivity because it shared antigens with members of serotypes 5 and 7. As a result of this study, TR-59 or 58-1 is recommended as the suitable prototype for the serotype 5 viruses. The 6 broadly reactive isolates were classified as serologic "variants" of serotypes 5 and 7.  相似文献   

19.
Sporadic sudden deaths in adult white-tailed deer occurred from November 1997 through August 1998 on an Iowa game farm. Three of the 4 deer necropsied had severe pulmonary edema, widespread mild lymphocytic vasculitis, and amphophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies in scattered endothelial cells in blood vessels in the lung and abdominal viscera. Immunohistochemistry with bovine adenovirus 5 antisera and transmission electron microscopy demonstrated adenoviral antigen and nucleocapsids, respectively, within endothelial cells. Adenovirus was isolated in cell culture from 1 of the affected deer. The isolate was neutralized by California black-tailed deer adenovirus antiserum. These findings indicate that adenovirus should be considered in the differential diagnosis of both black-tailed and white-tailed deer with pulmonary edema and/or hemorrhagic enteropathy.  相似文献   

20.
A specific-pathogen-free flock of White Leghorns, which were housed conventionally and were previously serologically negative for all common poultry pathogens including avian adenoviruses, incurred an outbreak of adenovirus that was detected at about 39 weeks of age. The infection was detected serologically through the agar-gel precipitin test (AGPT) and also by a microneutralization test (MNT) adapted for 11 serotypes of avian adenovirus. The MNT detected specific antibodies to serotype-3 avian adenovirus (IBHV-Tipton) but no other serotype. While AGPT-positive sera drawn from the flock gradually declined from 54% to 17%, neutralizing-antibody levels rose sharply at 46 weeks of age to a peak that was maintained over the remaining 18 weeks of the flock's production.  相似文献   

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