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试验旨在探究妊娠后期母猪饲粮中添加一种新型的寡糖螯合亚铁替代甘氨酸亚铁对母猪繁殖性能的影响。选用40头妊娠85 d、平均胎龄为4.37、体况相近的长×大二元经产母猪，完全随机分为2个处理组，每组20个重复，每个重复1头猪。对照组饲喂含有甘氨酸亚铁（150 mg/kg）的饲粮，试验组饲喂寡糖螯合亚铁（150 mg/kg）的饲粮。试验期从妊娠85 d至母猪分娩。结果表明：妊娠后期母猪饲粮中添加寡糖螯合亚铁等量替代甘氨酸亚铁对产活仔数、初生健仔数（≥1 kg）、产死胎数、木乃伊数、仔猪初生重和初生窝重均无显著影响；妊娠后期母猪饲粮中添加寡糖螯合亚铁等量替代甘氨酸亚铁对分娩时母猪血液和初生仔猪脐带血中血红蛋白含量影响没有显著差异。由此可见，妊娠后期母猪饲粮中添加寡糖螯合亚铁等量替代甘氨酸亚铁对母猪繁殖性能和母仔猪血红蛋白含量没有负面影响。 相似文献
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饲喂母猪不同类型和水平的有机铁对仔猪生长和贫血状态的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本研究旨在评估母猪饲料中添加两种不同水平螯合态的有机铁对仔猪生长性能和改善仔猪贫血效果的研究。选取体重相近、胎次相近、遗传结构一致、健康的二元杂母猪30头,随机分为5组。对照组1组,在基础饲料中添加硫酸亚铁100 g/kg;处理组2、3、4、5分别在基础饲料中添加甘氨酸亚铁80 g/kg和100 g/kg、复合氨基酸螯合铁80 g/kg和100 g/kg。结果表明,母猪饲料中添加有机铁甘氨酸亚铁100 g/kg和复合氨基酸螯合铁80 g/kg可提高21日龄断奶仔猪体重,分别提高12.26%和10.3%;母猪饲料中添加有机微量甘氨酸亚铁和复合氨基酸螯合铁可改善母猪生产时和产后21日龄以及仔猪初生和断奶后体内血液红细胞数量(RBC)、血液平均红细胞的体积(MCV)和血液中红细胞压积(HCT),其中母猪日粮中添加甘氨酸亚铁80 g/kg和复合氨基酸螯合铁100 g/kg组仔猪血液红细胞数量(RBC)在初生和21日龄断奶分别提高6.06%和9.29%;母猪饲料中添加有机微量甘氨酸亚铁和复合氨基酸铁都可提高母猪初乳和常乳中乳铁的含量,其中添加甘氨酸亚铁100 g/kg和复合氨基酸螯合铁100 g/kg组初乳中铁浓度分别提高276%和346%。综上,通过提高母猪乳中有机铁含量可提高初生仔猪体内的铁储存与代谢以达到仔猪抵抗贫血风险的作用。 相似文献
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大鼠对氨基酸螯合铁吸收和转运特点的研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
试验用40日龄Wistar纯系雄性大鼠120只，设定两种日粮背景(纯合日粮和常规日粮)，利用直接灌胃技术和放射性同位素示踪技术，通过与相应摩尔浓度的氨基酸与氯化亚铁混合物比较，研究了在正常生理条件下，大鼠对氨基酸螯合铁(以赖氨酸螯合铁和甘氨酸螯合铁为代表)的吸收和转运情况。试验结果表明：①赖氨酸和甘氨酸都能促进缺铁大鼠对铁的吸收、转运和利用。②与相应摩尔浓度的氨基酸和氯化亚铁混合物比较，缺铁大鼠更易于吸收、转运和利用氨基酸螯合铁中的铁，不同组织器官中^59Fe的比放射性也支持上述结论。③体内铁营养状况良好的大鼠对氨基酸螯合铁中铁的吸收、转运和利用优于氯化亚铁。④综合分析整个试验得到的结果，可以认为氨基螯合铁是优秀的铁添加剂。⑤放射性同位素示踪结合直接灌胃技术，同时监测血液、红细胞、血清球蛋白和十二指肠中的比放射性的动态变化，能更直接反映被研究铁化合物中的铁被动物吸收、转运和利用情况。 相似文献
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本试验用50日龄Wistar纯系雄性大鼠 ,采用放射性同位素示踪技术结合灌注体内原位结扎肠段技术 ,研究了饲粮中添加高剂量铜对氯化亚铁、赖氨酸螯合铁和甘氨酸螯合铁吸收的影响。试验中观察了向结扎肠段灌注含不同形态铁的吸收液后 ,不同时间点(5、15、30、60、90、120分钟)血液中59Fe比放射性的动态变化 ;120分钟(试验结束)时不同组织器官中59Fe的放射性大小和总铁含量以及主要血液学指标的变化。试验结果表明 :①在一定时间内(28天) ,采食缺铁纯合日粮和纯合高铜日粮(250mg/kg) ,大鼠体内铁的耗竭程度有显著差异 ,纯合高铜日粮使大鼠体内铁耗竭程度更大。②在本试验条件下 ,向日粮中添加高剂量铜(250mg/kg) ,对氯化亚铁、赖氨酸螯合铁和甘氨酸螯合铁的吸收影响都不显著。③与氯化亚铁相比 ,赖氨酸螯合铁和甘氨酸螯合铁能更有效地被大鼠吸收 相似文献
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以盆栽‘红颜’草莓为试材，研究了摩西管柄囊霉（Funneliformis mosseae）和糖醇螯合钙不同浓度（0.10%、0.15%、0.20%）处理对草莓采后果实硬度和细胞壁酶活的变化，同时，初步探究了不同处理对草莓果实软化关键基因FaPG1、FaβGal4的表达水平的影响。结果表明，与对照相比，以糖醇螯合钙单独施用（0.15%和0.20%）、接种丛枝菌根真菌（Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, AMF）配施糖醇螯合钙均能显著提高草莓果实硬度。同时，不同处理均抑制多聚半乳糖醛酸酶（PG）、果胶甲酯酶（PME）、β-半乳糖苷酶（β-Gal）活性的上升，草莓果实软化关键基因FaPG1和FaβGal4在处理后均下调表达。在接种AMF条件下，随着糖醇螯合钙浓度的增加，果实硬度逐渐增强，其中以接种AMF联合施用0.20%糖醇螯合钙溶液效果最好。 相似文献
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试验旨在探讨不同来源铁添加剂对断奶仔猪血清生化指标和器官指数的影响。选用240头健康的40日龄、初始体重为（9.52±1.60）kg的断奶杜×长×大三元杂交仔猪，随机分为4组，对照组基础饲粮中添加不含铁的矿物质饲料添加剂，硫酸亚铁（FeSO4）组、甘氨酸亚铁组、复合氨基酸螯合铁组矿物质添加剂中分别添加100 mg Fe/kg FeSO4、80 mg Fe/kg甘氨酸亚铁、30 mg Fe/kg复合氨基酸螯合铁（均以铁计），每组4个重复，每个重复15头，试验期为28 d。分别于试验第14天和第28天，每组随机选6头仔猪颈静脉取血。结果显示：在28 d，与对照组和FeSO4组相比，添加有机铁可降低血清铁含量（P<0.05）；在14 d，与对照组相比，添加甘氨酸亚铁可提高血清尿素氮（BUN）含量（P<0.05）；添加有机铁可提高血清尿素（UA）含量（P<0.05）；在28 d，与FeSO4组相比，添加有机铁可降低血清谷草转氨酶（AST）含量（P<0.05）；在28d，与对照组和FeSO4组相比，添加有机铁可降低血清总胆红素（TB）含量（P<0.05）；在28 d... 相似文献
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This study was conducted to determine the protective nature of purified M. bovis EPP 63 pili in controlling experimentally induced Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis, and to determine antigenic similarity of pili isolated from various M. bovis isolates. Ten calves were vaccinated twice, 28 days apart, with 5.0 mg (protein) EPP 63 purified pili. Ten calves were maintained as non-vaccinated controls. All calves were exposed to ultraviolet light prior to challenge. The calves were challenged by instilling approximately 2.0 X 10(8) CFU of EPP 63 piliated organisms into the conjunctival sac. Antisera to respective pili types were prepared by immunizing the rabbits with purified pili from M. bovis strains EPP 63, FLA 64, IBH 68, MED 72 and ATCC 10900. Rabbit serum was evaluated for cross reactivity by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Purity of pili preparations was demonstrated on SDS-PAGE gels. Molecular weight of pili subunit was determined to be approximately 20,000 for EPP 63, 19,500 for IBH 68 and ATCC 10900, and 17,500 for FLA 64 and MED 72. One of 10 (10%) calves vaccinated with EPP 63 purified pili, and 6 of 10 (60%) nonvaccinated controls developed IBK, respectively. Average eye scores for vaccinates and controls were 0.05 and 0.85, respectively. Significant cross-reaction was found between EPP 63 and MED 72 pili. FLA 64 and ATCC 10900 were similar; however, antiserum to IBH 68 pili showed some degree of cross reaction with other pili. 相似文献
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Erythrocyte protoporphyrin (EPP) and blood lead concentrations were determined in 91 clinically healthy cats living in the inner suburban area of Sydney, Australia. The mean EPP concentration was 223.4 +/- 186.1 micrograms litre-1 whole blood and the mean blood lead concentration 0.62 +/- 0.25 mumol litre-1. EPP concentrations were also monitored in three cats with confirmed lead toxicity--at the time of diagnosis and one week and one month after chelation therapy with calcium EDTA. EPP concentrations were elevated in two cats and within the normal range in the third cat at the time of diagnosis. EPP concentration were higher in two cats one week after treatment than at the time of diagnosis. One month after chelation therapy, EPP concentrations were normal in two cats but still substantially elevated in the third cat although its blood lead concentration had returned to normal and all clinical signs of lead toxicity had resolved. It was determined that the predominant form of protoporphyrin present in cats with lead toxicity was zinc protoporphyrin. The EPP assay may have limited value in the diagnosis of acute lead toxicity and in monitoring the success of chelation therapy in cats. 相似文献
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试验旨在研究紫锥菊多糖（EPP）与硫酸化紫锥菊多糖（SEPP）对雏鸡免疫抑制状态的调节作用,将320羽14日龄健康岭南黄公鸡随机均分成空白组（NC）、环磷酰胺组（CY）及CY+EPP高、中、低3个剂量组（EPPH、EPPM和EPPL组）和CY+SEPP高、中、低3个剂量组（SEPPH、SEPPM和SEPPL组）,除NC组注射生理盐水外,其余7组连续3 d肌内注射80 mg/（kg·d）CY进行造模,造模后EPPH、EPPM和EPPL组连续7 d分别给予10、5、2.5 mg/（kg·d）EPP,SEPPH、SEPPM和SEPPL组连续7 d分别给予10、5、2.5 mg/（kg·d）SEPP。在首次给药后第7、14、21和28天测定鸡群的体重,肝脏、脾脏、肾脏的脏器指数,外周血淋巴细胞转化作用,血液生化指标,细胞因子和抗氧化因子指标。结果表明,SEPP和EPP均能显著提高CY诱导免疫抑制鸡体重、肝脏指数、脾脏指数和肾脏指数（P<0.05）,提高外周血淋巴细胞转化作用,降低葡萄糖（GLU）、尿素（UREA）浓度和碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性,升高谷草转氨酶（AST）、白蛋白（ALB）浓度,且能显著提高白细胞介素-2（IL-2）、IL-6浓度（P<0.05）,SEPP效果优于EPP。说明雏鸡口服一定剂量的EPP和SEPP对CY引起的细胞免疫和体液免疫抑制具有一定的颉颃作用,其中在各采样时间点SEPP对鸡外周血淋巴细胞转化效果优于EPP,给药21和28 d SEPP对鸡外周血细胞因子IL-2的分泌效果优于EPP。 相似文献
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Extra-pair paternity (EPP) benefits to improve the reproductive success via extra-pair fertilizations without the costs of parental care in males and through improved offspring quality with additional food and parental care in females among species of birds. Variations in the EPP appear to link to behavioral and ecological factors and sexual selection. According to the “relationship intelligence hypothesis”, the cognitive abilities of the birds play an important role in maintaining long-term relationships. Here, we undertook the first comparative test of the relationships between extra-pair paternity and brain size, testis size, and life histories among 315 species of birds using phylogenetically controlled comparative analyses and path analysis. After controlling for the effects of shared ancestry and body mass, the frequency of EPP was negatively correlated with relative brain size, but positively with testis size across species of birds. However, the frequency of EPP was not linked to life-history traits (e.g. incubation period, fledging period, clutch size, egg mass, and longevity). Our findings suggest that large-brained birds associated with enhanced cognitive abilities are more inclined to maintain long-term stable relationships with their mates and to mutualism with them than to increase the frequency of EPP. 相似文献
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K A Quigley B J Chelack D M Haines M L Jackson 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2001,13(4):297-300
A direct flow cytometric erythrocyte immunofluorescence assay (FC) was developed and compared with the direct antiglobulin test (DAT) for detection of erythrocyte-bound immunoglobulin (IgG and IgM) and complement (C3) in dogs with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA). Tests were performed on erythrocytes from 13 healthy nonanemic dogs and from 13 anemic dogs with IMHA. The FC and DAT were negative for erythrocyte-bound immunoglobulin in all healthy dogs. The FC was negative for erythrocyte-bound C3 in 12 healthy dogs and positive in 1 healthy dog, and the DAT was negative for C3 in all healthy dogs. Of the 13 IMHA dogs tested for erythrocyte-bound IgG, 12 were positive using the FC and 7 were positive using the DAT. Sensitivity for the detection of erythrocyte-bound IgG in the 26 dogs was 92% for FC and 53% for DAT. Specificity for detection of erythrocyte bound IgG for FC and DAT was 100%. The addition of IgM and/ or C3 did not increase the sensitivity for FC or DAT. In this group of dogs, the FC provided a more rapid, cost-effective, sensitive, objective method to quantitate erythrocyte-bound immunoglobulin and/or complement compared with the currently used DAT. 相似文献
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New serotype 2 and attenuated serotype 1 Marek's disease vaccine viruses: comparative efficacy 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
R L Witter 《Avian diseases》1987,31(4):752-765
Attempts were made, through selection of optimum viral strains, to develop improved vaccines against Marek's disease (MD). Seven attenuated serotype 1 strains and 22 avirulent serotype 2 strains, both alone and in combination with the FC126 strain of serotype 3, were screened for protective efficacy against challenge with virulent and very virulent MD viral strains. The three viruses selected as most promising were evaluated alone and in various combinations and compared with commercially available vaccines, including FC126, bivalent (FC126 + SB-1), and CV1988/C, in 12 separate assays. Two of these new viruses--301B/1 (serotype 2) and Md11/75C/R2 (serotype 1)--were exceptionally protective compared with prototype vaccine strains. Four new monovalent and polyvalent vaccines based on these two isolates protected chickens better than FC126 alone or CV1988/C alone. Three of these new vaccines provided better protection than the bivalent (FC126 + SB-1) vaccine. Protective synergism was noted commonly between viruses of serotypes 2 and 3 but only sporadically between serotypes 1 and 2 or between serotypes 1 and 3. Strain CVI988/C was protective but was no better than FC126 alone, and it was less effective than bivalent (FC126 + SB-1) vaccine, even when used as a bivalent vaccine with FC126 or SB-1. 相似文献
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1. Differences in responses to lipolytic agents have been investigated in vitro in abdominal adipose tissue from lines of broiler chickens selected for body weight (GL, a 'fat' line) or for food efficiency (FC, a 'lean' line). 2. Dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate stimulated in vitro lipolysis, as measured by the glycerol release, by adipose tissue from GL or from FC chickens to the same extent. 3. Glucagon stimulated glycerol release from adipose tissue from FC chickens, but not from GL chickens. 4. Adipose tissue from GL chickens was much more sensitive to chicken growth hormone (GH) compared to FC chickens. 5. It is concluded that the selection criteria applied influenced the number of adipose GH and glucagon receptors, the number of adipose GH receptors being lower and of glucagon receptors being higher in FC chickens compared to GL chickens. 相似文献
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Uchiyama R Moritomo T Kai O Uwatoko K Inoue Y Nakanishi T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(4):441-444
In a previous study, we reported a new method for counting quail blood cells. After quail blood cells were stained with fluorescent lipophilic dye (DiOC6(3)), absolute counts of erythrocytes, granulocytes, and monocytes were obtained by means of flow cytometry (FC). The FC method has the potential for application to avian blood cells count; however, the method was unable to distinguish between lymphocytes and thrombocytes. In the present study, we improved the FC method to obtain separate counts of lymphocytes using DiOC5(3). After quail blood cells were stained with DiOC5(3), the cells were measured with FC. Each blood cell type was distinguished by means of their typical FL-1 (green fluorescence) and SSC (side scatter). Absolute numbers of erythrocytes, granulocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes in whole blood were obtained. The improved FC analysis worked equally well with chicken (Gallus gallus) and goose (Anser cygnoides) blood. 相似文献
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Characterization of avian reovirus strain-specific polymorphisms 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Avian reoviruses have been associated with several pathologic conditions, but correlative relationships between genotypes and specific diseases have not been demonstrated. Six avian reoviruses (883, 176, 81-5, S1133, FC, and TX) were selected for this study, and a comparative study of the pathogenic properties of the viruses in chickens, following peroral and footpad inoculation, was carried out, along with a comparison of the electrophoretic mobility of viral genomic segments and viral proteins encoded by the gene segments. The pathogenic properties of the viruses were shown to be diverse, with three distinct pathotypes being defined: Pathotype I (883) caused only a syndrome that we have termed "transient digestive system disorder" (TDSD); Pathotype II (FC, TX, and S1133) caused only "viral arthritis syndrome" (VAS), whereas Pathotype III (176 and 81-5) caused both TDSD and VAS. Likewise, the genomes of the viruses were shown to be extremely polymorphic, with a maximum of five segments co-migrating between any two strains. Considerable variation in the electrophoretic mobility of the encoded proteins also was demonstrated with pronounced variation in the molecular size of the sigma 4 protein, the purported viral attachment protein, being evident. These results show that the genomes of avian reoviruses were extremely polymorphic, preventing correlation between genotypes and pathotypes. But these studies have provided us with the genetic elements needed to characterize the gene functions involved in viral pathogenesis. 相似文献
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Citil M Harmeyer J Fürll M 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2003,116(7-8):322-327
It was the aim of this study to compare the concentrations of total (TC) and free L-carnitine (FC) in blood serum of different groups of lactating cows. The animals were allotted into three groups, a) control animals (N = 11), b) cows with abomasal displacement (AD) (N = 5) and c) cows with puerperal disorders (PD) (N = 5). TC and FC were measured with an radioenzymatic assay. Blood samples were collected from 5 to 0 d before parturition (a. p.) and from 0 to 28 d after parturition (p. p.). It was of interest to examine whether L-carnitine might be limiting under certain conditions of metabolic stress which are typical for high yielding lactating cows. Concentrations of TC and FC (mumol/l) in control cows before and after parturition were 10.0* and 8.6* and 6.0-8.9 and 3.7-4.9, respectively. The corresponding TC and FC values for cows with AD were 19.6* and 8.9* and 10.5-20.7 and 4.8-6.9, respectively. Cows with PD showed TC and FC concentrations a. p. and p. p. of 15.7* and 9.2* and 10.3-13.0 and 4.8-6.3, h other puerperal disorders PD respectively (* only one value). TC and FC concentrations in serum of normal cows were higher before than after parturition. Cows, which developed post partal puerperal disorders had a higher prepartum concentrations of TC and CE, on the other hand, serum concentrations of FC was lower. Post partum cows with metabolic disorders showed higher CE levels than control animals. Cows which developed DA had significantly higher concentrations of TC and CE in serum only on d 7 p.p. than animals with other PD. It appeared that increased fat mobilization was regularly associated with responsive increases of CE concentrations in blood serum. 相似文献