共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
为改善植物工厂中生菜干烧心严重的情况，同时提高生菜的产量及品质，以绿雅生菜、意大利生菜为试材，利用LED精准调控光源，分别对2个生菜品种给予红光、蓝光、绿光、白光处理，研究光质对生菜生长形态、品质、光合作用能力及干烧心病害的影响。结果表明：在蓝光照射处理下生菜的维生素C及可溶性蛋白含量相较于其他光质处理均有一定的提升，但硝态氮含量及干烧心率同样提高；绿光处理下生菜的干烧心率降低，但产量及各项营养品质均低于其他处理；红光处理下生菜的干烧心率较低，品质尤其可溶性糖含量、维生素C含量提升。在工厂化生菜栽培中，增加更高比例的红光可提高生菜品质，同时减缓生菜的干烧心病害的发生。 相似文献
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以"意大利108"生菜为试材,在田间试验条件下,研究了尿素与镁肥配施对生菜产量和品质的影响。结果表明:适量尿素与镁肥配合施用能明显增加生菜产量、维生素C、还原糖和可溶性固形物含量,降低硝酸盐含量。随着尿素用量增加,生菜硝酸盐含量、氮、磷、钾的吸收量明显增加,而维生素C和可溶性固形物含量、钙和镁吸收量下降。施用镁肥后生菜对硝酸盐含量、氮、磷、钾、钙和镁吸收量明显增加。氮、镁相互作用对生菜产量、可溶性固形物含量、氮、磷、钙、镁营养吸收量以及有土壤硝态氮含量均有明显的影响。 相似文献
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以生菜为试材,采用营养液培养法,研究了 4种不同施氮水平(T10 mmol·L-1、T2 3.25 mmol·L-1、T3 6.50 mmol·L-1、T4 9.25 mmol·L-1)对水培生菜的地上部干质量及氮浓度的影响,构建了水培生菜的临界氮浓度曲线模型,并得出氮素吸收模型、氮素亏缺模型和氮营养指数模型,以期为水培生菜的氮营养诊断提供参考依据.结果表明:水培生菜的地上部干质量和氮浓度满足幂函数关系,临界氮浓度稀释曲线模型为％Nc = 3.769DWmax-0.343,决定系数R2=0.903,同时得出最高和最低氮浓度稀释曲线,决定系数分别为R2=0.891、R2=0.906;水培生菜的氮吸收模型、氮亏缺模型和氮营养指数模型较好地实现了氮营养诊断.3种模型诊断结果基本一致,生育前期以6.50 mmol·L-1处理为宜,后期最适施氮水平应处于3.25～6.50 mmol·L-1. 相似文献
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采用多层潮汐灌溉设备,研究不同潮汐灌溉高度对多层岩棉基质栽培叶用莴苣(生菜)生长、产量和品质的影响。结果表明:灌溉高度为2 cm时,生菜的叶片数最多,地上部干质量和单个设备产量显著高于其他处理,VC、可溶性蛋白和叶绿素含量最高;灌溉高度为3 cm时,生菜的株高显著高于其他处理;灌溉高度为4 cm时,生菜的硝态氮含量最低。综合来看,在灌溉间隔时间1 h,灌溉维持时间3 min的试验条件下,灌溉高度为2 cm时生菜综合品质最优,产量最高。 相似文献
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施氮水平和间断施氮对生菜生长和品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以“意大利全年耐抽薹（208）”生菜为试材,采用水培法,设置3个施氮水平N4(4 mmol·L-1)、N8(8 mmol·L-1)、N12(12 mmol·L-1)和4个间断施氮频率F0（0 d）、F3（3 d）、F6（6 d）,F9（9 d）,研究不同施氮水平和间断施氮频率对生菜采收期生长状况、类黄酮、总酚、花青素和抗坏血酸含量以及对硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐含量的影响,以期为生菜水培栽培时营养品质提升提供参考依据。结果表明：持续性施氮（F0）能够提高生菜的株高和地上部鲜质量,N8水平下,随着施氮间断频率的增加,生菜地上部的鲜质量越来越低;在施氮水平为8 mmol·L-1,间断施氮频率6 d时,抗坏血酸含量和亚硝酸还原酶含量最高,比最低的N12F9高83.68%,亚硝酸还原酶含量比最低的N12F3高60.79%,硝酸盐含量则是最低。因此,施氮水平为8 mmol·L-1,间断施氮频率6 d能保证植株生长的同时提高抗坏血酸含量,并且降低硝酸盐的积累。 相似文献
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芹菜生理障碍在芹菜生长过程中经常遇到，它不仅影响芹菜的产量，也严重影响芹菜的品质和效益。生产中常见的芹菜生理障碍有烧心、空心和叶柄开裂等。１烧心症状：开始时心叶叶脉间变褐，以后叶缘细胞逐渐死亡。呈黑褐色。生育前期较少出现，一般主要发生在１１～１２片叶时。 发病原因：烧心主要是由缺钙引起的，一般在高温干旱、施肥过多的条件下发生，高温加快芹菜生长，促进植株对氮、磷、镁等元素的吸收，但妨碍了对钙的吸收，干旱条件下植株对钙吸收能力更差，造成缺钙，夏季栽培的芹菜易发生烧心。 防治方法：主要从管理入手，做到温… 相似文献
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为了探索京郊设施结球生菜钙肥和氮肥的适宜施用量,以射手101为试验材料,田间试验设置0(Ca0)、30(Ca1)g·667 m-22个氨基酸螯合钙水平,0(N0)、3.1(N1)、6.2(N2)、9.3(N3)kg·667 m-24个氮肥水平。结果表明,Ca1水平下结球生菜产量较Ca0N0水平显著提高,Ca1N0、Ca1N1和Ca1N2处理产量分别较不施钙Ca0N0、Ca0N1和Ca0N2处理提高23.61%、2.05%和7.39%。品质方面,不施钙条件下,施氮处理的硝酸盐含量高于不施氮处... 相似文献
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为研究氨基酸和腐植酸肥对生菜生长及营养品质的影响,以美国大速生生菜为材料,进行无土栽培施肥试验,比较分析施肥后生菜的生长和营养指标。结果表明:与对照相比,在生长方面,腐植酸肥处理和氨基酸肥处理及二者混施处理均能显著提高生菜的株高、展幅、鲜质量及干质量;在营养品质方面,腐植酸处理和氨基酸处理及二者混施处理均能显著提高生菜的蛋白质、氨基酸、可溶性糖及还原型抗坏血酸的含量,并显著降低硝态氮的含量。不同施肥方式之间相比,在生长方面,氨基酸肥处理的效果优于腐植酸肥处理和二者混施处理;在营养品质方面,施肥处理组对生菜的促进作用各有优势。 相似文献
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EDTA螯合钙对无土栽培生菜生长及品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以"富兰德里"生菜(Lactuca sativa‘Flandria’)为试材,采用基质栽培的方法,研究了EDTA螯合钙对无土栽培生菜生长的影响,以期探索用EDAT螯合钙替代游离钙离子作为无土栽培营养液钙源的可行性,避免营养液施配过程中钙肥有效性降低的问题。结果表明:与对照CK相比,T1、T2处理生菜在冠部鲜质量、品质性状上未表现出明显差异,且符合生产商品性要求。随着营养液螯合钙浓度的进一步增大,生菜的SPAD值虽然有所增加,但累积蒸腾耗水、地上部鲜质量和营养液利用效率均受到显著抑制。因此,采用螯合钙剂作为无土栽培作物营养液的钙源时,要注意控制营养液的螯合钙浓度不宜超过20 mg·L-1,防止产量降低、营养液利用效率下降。 相似文献
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The effect of trickle irrigation, with and without additional applications of night mist, just before maturity on the incidence and severity of tipburn in field lettuce was investigated. The mean incidence of tipburn for all treatments was much higher (84%) on the outer 2 rows of beds than on the inner 2 rows (47%). On the outer rows irrigation and misting had virtually no effect on tipburn, whereas on the inner rows irrigation reduced it from 72% (in control plants) to 39%, misting to 63% and misting + irrigation to 16%. It is believed that the combination of night misting and trickle irrigation of inner rows resulted in conditions conductive to root-pressure flow which translocated calcium ions to heart leaves of lettuce plants, thereby reducing tipburn injury. It is suggested that the increased severity and incidence of tipburn in the outer rows could have resulted from soil compaction in wheelings which would reduce root growth, soil aeration and root pressure. 相似文献
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The change in calcium (Ca) concentration with time, the distribution of Ca within various leaves, and leaf and tipburn development were studied in field-grown lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivar ‘Cobham Green’.Ca distribution between and within leaves followed two distinct patterns. The average concentrations in the outer leaves were always higher than in the inner leaves. The concentrations at the periphery of the outer leaves was always greater than in the midrib, whereas for the inner leaves the converse was true.Tipburn only occurred in the inner leaves; it developed on only those leaves and those parts of the leaf which expanded most rapidly.Thus, tipburn development appears to depend on the supply of Ca relative to the rate of leaf growth. 相似文献
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P. Palencia F. Martinez E. Ribeiro M. Pestana F. Gama T. Saavedra A. de Varennes P.J. Correia 《Scientia Horticulturae》2010
Malformation of emerging leaves with distortion of leaf tips, a condition known as tipburn, is frequently observed in strawberry. Calcium (Ca) deficiency has been considered the main cause of tipburn. The aim of the present study was to analyse the relationship between leaf mineral composition and the incidence of tipburn in three short-day strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) cultivars (‘Ventana’, ‘Camarosa’ and ‘Candonga’) submitted to different concentrations of Ca. The studies were conducted in a hydroponic system in a greenhouse. Calcium was added as Ca(NO3)2 at 2 mM, 3 mM, 4 mM and 5 mM. A completely randomized block design (4 Ca concentrations × 3 cultivars) with three replications was used. Each replicate consisted of 12 plants grown in a polyethylene bag (100 cm × 18 cm × 3 cm) filled with coconut peat. Crown diameter and tipburn incidence were evaluated throughout the experimental period, and at the end of the experiment leaf mineral composition was assessed. In general, plants with larger crown diameters had a greater incidence of tipburn. The ‘Candonga’ cultivar had the smallest incidence of tipburn, while the ‘Camarosa’ and ‘Ventana’ cultivars were more susceptible. There was no correlation between level of Ca applied and incidence of tipburn. The incidence of tipburn was associated with foliar K:Ca and K:Mg ratios. Ratios above 3.40 for K:Mg and 1.77 for K:Ca represented a risk of more than 50% of tipburn incidence, when overall means for all cultivars and levels of Ca were used. 相似文献
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Heading Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis Rupr.) grown with low Ca or B developed dark tan lesions near the leaf margins. A synergistic effect of low Ca and low B accompanied the development of this symptom. Plants grown under humid conditions were free of tipburn. Plants grown under less humidity developed tipburn. Total chemical analysis revealed a steady decrease in total Ca from the outer to the inner leaves. Fractional chemical analysis showed 7 times more water-soluble Ca in the outer than in the inner leaves, and 2 times more 1 N NaCl-soluble Ca in the outer than in inner leaves. Threshold concentration of water-soluble forms of Ca for tipburn was around 3.0 mg/g dry weight. Data suggest that root pressure flow is required to move adequate amounts of water-soluble Ca to the wrapper leaves to prevent tipburn of Chinese cabbage. 相似文献
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为了探讨不同灌溉方式和氮、磷、钾配比对大葱产量及水肥生产效率的影响,研究了3种灌溉方式(滴灌、喷灌、沟灌)下8个施肥配比(N_PK_0、N_0PK、NP_0K、NP_0K_0、N_0PK_0、N_0P_0K、N_0P_0K_0和NPK)处理对元臧大葱产量及水肥生产效率的影响。结果表明:滴灌较沟灌显著增加大葱产量,提高N、P、K吸收量与肥料利用率,同时还提高了水分生产效率及灌溉水利用效率。肥料配比以NPK处理(N 500 kg·hm~(-2)、P_2O_5 400 kg·hm~(-2)、K_2O 600 kg·hm~(-2))的大葱产量较高,减施其中一种肥料次之,单施N、P、K肥料则产量较低,同时NPK处理还提高了大葱各器官N、P、K积累量与肥料利用率。因此,大葱在滴灌方式下,采用全量施肥的NPK处理灌溉施肥制度最为合理。 相似文献
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Uniform 2-leaved suckers of dwarf banana ‘Cavendish’ (Musa cavendishii) were treated with 2 doses and 2 frequencies of irrigation as main treatments, and 5 combinations of NPK as sub-treatments. Observations of the plants' response to these treatments were made at the 8th- and 19th-leaf stage. Irrigation at fortnightly or monthly intervals in combination with applications of NPK improved plant morphology. P uptake increased with frequent high irrigation and a high level of P application. With low but frequent irrigation, K and Ca uptake increased with high K application and balanced NPK application, respectively. N uptake with a high application of NPK or N increased at the 8th-leaf stage with frequent irrigation at both levels, and increased at the 19th-leaf stage at low level, less frequent irrigation. The leaves contained the highest quantity of N, followed by the petiole. 相似文献
18.
Lettuce plants (Lactuca sativa L.) grown in a boron deficient nutrient medium developed tipburn. Their leaves showed no overall increased auxin activity compared with those of control plants until they were 66 days old, when boron deficient plants showed a relative increase in the activity of one auxin. It is postulated that tipburn in lettuce may be caused by interacting factors including calcium and boron deficiences, and the ontogenetic age of the plant. Environmental and cultivar effects on the incidence of tipburn indicate that agronomic or genetic control measures may become feasible, if the mechanism controlling its expression can be further elucidated. 相似文献
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不同氮磷钾配比滴灌对灰枣产量与品质的影响 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
以5 a生灰枣为试材,在滴灌条件下设置不同水肥处理,研究氮磷钾施肥配比对灰枣产量与品质的影响。结果表明:在施肥设计水平范围内,土壤中适量增施氮、磷肥能提高灰枣果实单果质量和产量;增施钾肥可提高枣果中还原糖和维生素C的含量,增施氮肥则可提高蛋白质的含量;土壤中氮、磷、钾肥过高会降低枣果中矿质铁的含量;增施磷肥提高矿质钙的含量,却降低矿质镁的含量;增施钾肥则提高矿质锌、锰的含量,降低矿质铜的含量。1 hm2在滴灌水量为5 250 m3的条件下,以产量为目标,氮、磷、钾施肥量414.9、280.2、33.6 kg为最佳施肥配比。 相似文献