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外源ABA对渗透胁迫下喜树幼苗生理生化指标的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为给喜树栽培和利用提供理论依据,研究了外源ABA对渗透胁迫下喜树幼苗几项生理生化指标的影响。结果表明:渗透胁迫导致喜树幼苗内脯氨酸(Pro)含量增高,增施外源ABA其脯氨酸含量较渗透胁迫下低;渗透胁迫下,喜树幼苗内丙二醛(MDA)含量持续上升,外源ABA处理的喜树幼苗内丙二醛含量呈现先上升后下降的趋势;渗透胁迫使喜树幼苗的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性持续下降,外源ABA的使用可以减缓这种下降趋势;渗透胁迫使喜树幼苗内过氧化物酶(POD)活性呈现先上升后下降的趋势,外源ABA可以提高过氧化物酶活性;渗透胁迫使喜树幼苗内喜树碱(CPT)含量上升,外源ABA处理不能显著提高喜树幼苗内喜树碱含量,而渗透胁迫导致喜树幼苗内10-羟基喜树碱(10-OH CPT)含量下降,外源ABA的使用加剧了下降趋势。 相似文献
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对喜树播种苗采用6种移植密度(株行距分别为10 cm×10 cm、10 cm×15 cm、15 cm×15 cm、15 cm×20 cm、20 cm×20 cm、20 cm×25 cm)进行幼苗生长对比试验,结果表明:喜树播种苗移植密度以株行距15 cm×15 cm最适宜,1年生幼苗平均地径达1.14 cm,平均苗高达109.5 cm,主根平均长度达30.1 cm,5 cmⅠ级侧根平均条数达28.7条,合格苗率达33.4%,合格苗产量8.91万株·hm-2。 相似文献
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喜树是乔木树,在我省好多地区均有分布。多年来,我对喜树进行了观察和探索,发觉喜树有许多优良特性: 一、生长快,周期性短,10至15年就可加工利用。一般14年生喜树地径即达56厘米,树高15.9米,年高生长量1.09米,直径生长量3.73厘米。二、木质坚韧、耐腐,虫不蛀。如腾冲县曲石乡文化站盖房一间,架子木料全是喜树,就地砍伐,就地加工,没有浸泡,至今已有8年,但从未发现一个虫洞。三、树干通直,木材纹理好,不翘裂,不变形,易加工。四、树叶可做肥料和猪饲料。喜树鲜叶做肥料,肥力与水冬瓜叶相似;枯枝落叶可以做厩肥和堆肥。喜树嫩叶可做猪饲料。腾冲县界头乡农户王国苏家专采喜树嫩叶做猪饲料。其加工方法是:精嫩叶采回切细,然后拌上酒糟搅均匀后放入瓮里,经3至4天发酵后取出来,拌 相似文献
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喜树种源耐盐能力评价及耐盐指标筛选 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以云南昆明(KM)、湖南邵阳(SY)、湖南浏阳(LY)、浙江龙泉(LQ)、浙江长兴(CX)、江苏南京(NJ)、贵州贵阳(GY)、江西南昌(NC)、广西桂林(GL)、安徽黄山(HS)10个种源的1年生喜树苗木为试验材料,设置3个盐含量梯度,即NaCl占土壤干质量的0,0.2%,0.6%,研究不同NaCl处理对喜树苗木生长及生理生化指标的影响。结果表明:1)随着NaCl胁迫程度增加,10个喜树种源苗高、地径和生物量均呈下降趋势,而根冠比呈上升趋势,LQ和CX种源的生长受到抑制最为明显。2)NaCl胁迫下喜树苗木的SOD活性,丙二醛、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、Na+含量和Na+/K+值上升,叶片相对含水量下降,K+含量和POD活性先上升后下降。3)根据0.6%浓度NaCl胁迫下各种源苗木总生物量大小,10个喜树种源的耐盐能力从大到小依次为LY>NC>GL>HS>SY>GY>KM>NJ>LQ>CX。4)逐步回归分析表明:喜树叶片中可溶性糖含量、MDA含量、Na+/K+比对总生物量有极显著的影响,因此可以用可溶性糖含量、MDA含量、Na+/K+比等作为评价喜树耐盐能力的参考指标。 相似文献
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栽培密度是植物生长的重要影响因子,能够显著影响植物的生长.2004年5月,将温室培养的喜树(Camptotheca acuminata Descne)幼苗按照5种栽培密度(11、16、25、44、100株·m-2)移栽到田间,并于2004年9月中旬采收.我们对喜树幼苗的生长(包括株高和冠幅)、生物量分配、喜树碱含量和产量进行了研究.就5种栽培密度而言,喜树幼苗生物量、株高、冠幅及总叶面积均在密度为25株·m-2时最大.嫩叶喜树碱含量高于喜树幼苗其它各器官的喜树碱含量并且随栽培密度的改变有明显变化,在100株·m-2时达到最大,但其它器官喜树碱含量随栽培密度的变化不显著.栽培密度为25株·m-2时,喜树碱积累显著增强.结果显示,为得到较高喜树碱含量的喜树原料,喜树幼苗的最适栽培密度应为25株·m-2. 相似文献
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本文以温室三年生喜树腋芽为外植体,研究了不同的基本培养基和基本培养基中添加不同浓度生长调节物质(BA 或TDZ)、蔗糖、琼脂以及培养基的pH 值对喜树腋芽分化的影响。结果表明:WPM 和B5 培养基适合喜树腋芽的诱导,MS 培养基不利于喜树腋芽的诱导。适合喜树腋芽增殖和分化的最佳生长调节物质为BA 1.0mg/L 或TDZ 0.1mg/L;最佳的蔗糖浓度为30g/L;最佳的琼脂浓度为6g/L;pH5.8-6.6 的范围均适合喜树腋芽的诱导,但最佳的pH 值为5.8。图1 表5 参14。 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):427-435
In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(3):206-217
The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage. 相似文献
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Contour hedgerows of multipurpose tree species in the sloping tea lands of Sri Lanka are expected to reduce soil erosion and
also add significant amounts of plant nutrients to the soil via periodic prunings. The objective of this experiment was to characterize the biomass decomposition pattern and quantify the
amount of nutrients added through prunings of six tree species (Calliandra calothyrsus, Senna spectabilis, Euphatorium innulifolium, Flemingia congesta, Gliricidia sepium and Tithonia diversifolia) currently being used in hedgerows associated with tea. Withered leaf and stem prunings (50 g) were enclosed in 2-mm litter
bags, placed at 5-cm depth and retrieved after one, three, six, nine and 12 weeks. Loss of initial dry weight, N, P and K
was measured. Single exponential decay function adequately described both dry weight and nutrient loss. Tree species differed
significantly in their rate of breakdown with decomposition constants (k) varying from 0.0299 to 0.2006 week−1 for leaves and from 0.0225 to 0.0633 week−1 for stems. Gliricidia showed the highest k for leaves with the rest in the following descending order: Senna > Tithonia ≥ Euphatorium > Calliandra > Flemingia. A similar pattern was observed for loss of all nutrients with Calliandra and Flemingia always having lower k values than the rest. Although N immobilization was not observed, immobilization of P and K was observed
during the first week of incubation in some species, particularly in stem prunings. Annual biomass of prunings differed significantly
between tree species in the following descending order: Calliandra > Senna > Flemingia > Tithonia > Gliricidia > Euphatorium. Calliandra added the greatest amount of nutrients annually to the soil with Euphatorium adding the least. Calliandra prunings provided the annual total K requirement and 49% of the N requirement of mature tea. However, none of the species
provided more than 5% of the P requirement. It is concluded that among the tree species tested, Calliandra and Flemingia are the most suitable for contour hedgerows in tea plantations of this agroclimatic region because of their higher soil nutrient
enrichment capacity and slower decomposition rates which would minimize leaching losses.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Astra Zaluma Lauma Bruna Darta Klavina Natalija Burnevica Kristine Kenigsvalde Andis Lazdins Talis Gaitnieks 《Forest Pathology》2019,49(6)
Heterobasidion parviporum and Heterobasidion annosum are widely distributed root‐rot fungi that infect conifers throughout Europe. Infection of conifer stumps by spores of these pathogens can be controlled by treating fresh stumps with a competing non‐pathogenic fungus, Phlebiopsis gigantea. In this study, growth of three Latvian strains of P. gigantea and the biological control agent ‘Rotstop’ strain was evaluated in stem pieces of Norway spruce, Scots pine, lodgepole pine, Douglas‐fir, Weymouth pine, Siberian larch and Sitka spruce. The growth rates of one H. parviporum and one H. annosum isolate were also measured in the same stem pieces. The growth rate of P. gigantea varied greatly in wood of different conifer species. It was higher in the three pine species, lower in Norway spruce and lowest in Sitka spruce and Siberian larch, and in Douglas‐fir, this fungus did not grow. The largest area of wood occupied by P. gigantea was in lodgepole pine. Growth of Latvian isolates of P. gigantea in the wood of Pinus and Picea species was comparable to that of the Rotstop isolate. Consequently, stump treatment with local P. gigantea isolates should be recommended. However, our results suggest that Douglas‐fir stump treatment against Heterobasidion by P. gigantea may be ineffective and other stump treatment methods should be considered. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):118-130
The effects of seed weight and seed type on seedling growth of Pinus sylvestris (L.) were studied by seeding individually weighed orchard and stand seed in different mixtures under harsh (direct seeding in field) and optimal (seeding in nursery) conditions. In the nursery experiment an increase in the seed weight from 3 to 7 mg increased the seedling height by 10-27% and total weight by 27-113%, and decreased the height/diameter ratio by 5-6% after 2 yrs. With elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 2% taller than stand seedlings in year 2. Without elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 7-13% taller. In the field experiment an increase in the seed weight from 3 to 7 mg increased seedling height by 18-65%, stem volume by 81-274% and the number of top-buds by 23-34% in year 5. After elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 7-13% taller than stand seedlings and without elimination of seed weight effects 20-21% taller after 5 yrs. Even after elimination of both seed weight and genetic effects orchard seedlings were 3-9% larger than stand seedlings in the field experiment. In conclusion, the influence of seed weight and seed type on growth traits and slenderness is highly significant and the influence seems to be greater in harsh conditions. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):53-61
This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):15-27
The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. 相似文献
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本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。 相似文献
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Steven Maranz Amadou Niang Antoine Kalinganire Djeneba Konaté Bocary Kaya 《Agroforestry Systems》2008,72(3):231-239
Baobab leaves form an important part of the local diet in Sahel countries and elsewhere in Africa. Existing leaf nutritional
data and agroforestry performance information are based solely on Adansonia digitata L., the baobab of continental Africa. The introduction potential of Adansonia species from the center of diversity in Madagascar and from Australia remains untapped. To assess this potential, the mineral
contents and B1 and B2 vitamin levels of dried baobab leaves were determined for five-year old trees of A. digitata, A. gibbosa (A. Cunn.) Guymer ex D. Baum, A. rubrostipa Jum. & H. Perrier (syn. A. fony Baill.), A. perrieri Capuron and A. za Baill. grown in an introduction trial in Mali. Nutritional data were evaluated against survival and vigor to identify promising
germplasm. Leaf vitamin and crude protein contents were highest in the Madagascar species, especially A. rubrostipa (B1 88 mg 100 g−1, B2 187 mg 100 g−1, protein 20.7% dry weight). However, the local species far outperformed the introductions in survival, tree height, basal
diameter and resistance to termites. We suggest grafting as a way of harnessing the vigor of well-adapted local baobab varieties
to the superior nutritional profiles of A. rubrostipa and others. Cross-species grafting tests in Adansonia were successful, thus creating new agroforestry possibilities with different scion/rootstock combinations. 相似文献
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《Wood material science & engineering》2013,8(2):76-84
Abstract Wood in general and wooden studs in particular are often distorted owing to uneven shrinkage during the drying process in the sawmill. Twist is often the most detrimental of all types of distortion, and it is caused by spiral grain in combination with variations in moisture content. For sawmills, the objective is to produce dried, straight boards, and one method of dealing with boards with excessive spiral grain is to sort them out and then dry them in a pretwisted position to obtain straight boards after drying. A model using the finite element (FE) method for the simulation of drying twist distortions was first calibrated against laboratory experiments in which boards were dried with and without restraints and pretwists. After the calibration, the FE results were compared with industrial test results for boards that were dried without restraints or with restraints with zero pretwist, i.e. straight restraints. The FE model used an elastic–ideally plastic material model to obtain permanent deformations. The calibration was to set the yield stresses so that there was a good match between FE results and results from the laboratory experiments. The comparison between the industrial test results and the FE results showed that the FE model is capable of realistic simulations of drying boards with and without restraints and presumably also pretwists. 相似文献