共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
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文章分析了目前在猪场设计中常用的几种通风模式的优缺点，指出了猪舍通风需要解决的问题和方法。并提出了靶向通风系统在猪舍特别是楼房猪舍通风中的应用。提出靶向通风可以很好地解决目前楼房猪舍中存在的空气过滤和除臭两个问题。 相似文献
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新型多层楼房式猪舍智能化机械清粪系统的设计 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
近年来,由于规模养殖业用地越来越紧张,多层楼房式猪舍逐渐被众多业主所接受。与多层楼房养猪相适应的清粪、环控、喂料等配套工艺技术是这一模式成功应用的关键。文章针对四层楼房式猪舍设计了一种楼房式猪舍自动化刮板清粪工艺,在大跨度小单元全进全出式猪舍,舍内一层每单元采用一拖二刮板清粪机将粪便从湿帘端刮入风机端主粪沟;二、三、四层采用刮粪机刮粪、收集粪便通过落粪管落入一层主粪沟;舍外主粪沟采用一拖一刮粪机清粪。整套工艺采用自动化智能化控制,该系统能够大幅度提高清粪效率,减少人工,节约用水,有效改善猪舍内环境,提高舍内猪群的健康水平,从而提高养殖场的总体效益。 相似文献
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育肥猪舍甲烷和氧化亚氮排放浓度检测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探明通风与不同养殖模式情况下猪舍的温室气体浓度,该研究测定了6个不同养殖场育肥猪舍内的甲烷(CH4)和氧化亚氮(N2O)含量。结果表明:在采样月份,晚上不采取通风的养殖场与其他全天通风的养殖场相比,其CH4含量存在显著差异性(P<0.05),含量明显高于其他养殖场实验猪舍。在采样月份,采用生物发酵床养殖工艺的养殖场与传统养殖工艺的养殖场相比,其N2O含量存在显著差异性(P<0.05),含量明显高于其他养殖场实验猪舍,但其含量远小于堆同样粪便量产生的N2O的含量。说明通风以及不同养殖工艺与舍内温室气体的排放浓度有密切的关系,为进一步的改善猪舍空气质量提供依据。 相似文献
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标准化养猪就是在集约化的基础上进行标准化生产（详细阐述请参考吕国邦主编的《标准化技术手册》（陕西正大有限公司,2004年6月-7009年8月版）。在标准化养猪中,要对猪舍环境进行人工控制,给猪只一个最适宜生长发育和最大发挥母猪生产繁殖潜力的环境非常重要。标准化养猪要求猪舍采取封闭式建筑,猪舍安装风机,定时控制通风换气,水帘降温,使猪舍内空气、湿度和温度最适合猪只需求,人为控制养猪环境。标准化养猪中从圈舍设计到开始饲养,风机的选择和使用非常重要,本文重点介绍标准化猪舍风机选择原理及通风程序的设计和光照,以供养殖场和技术人员参考。 相似文献
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近几年，国家陆续出台保护耕地的相关政策，也相应收紧了养殖业用地，用于养殖行业的土地批复难度增加。从节省猪舍建筑面积角度来看，除了楼房猪舍外，钟楼猪舍相比常规猪舍在一定程度上能够减少建筑面积。但钟楼猪舍在实际应用中的通风效果如何，还未见相关研究。本文对猪舍常见通风模式进行介绍，对钟楼猪舍的应用及通风效果进行分析。研究结果表明：分娩舍测温点1和测温点2温度≤27℃的数据占比分别为93.5%、80.6%，湿帘端降温效果优于风机端；湿度测定点1和点2湿度高于60%且低于80%的数据占比分别为87.92%、98.13%，风机端湿度控制效果优于湿帘端；猪舍1.6 m高度的风速大于2.1 m高度以及猪只高度；猪舍整体通风效果相对较好，在夏季能够为猪生长提供良好的温湿度和风速环境。 相似文献
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猪舍环境是影响生猪生产的重要因素．为了提高标准化规模化猪场生产力水平,分析了环境因素对生猪生产力的影响,对猪舍环境控制措施进行了阐述。猪舍环境影响生猪生产力主要表现在其影响仔猪成活率和繁殖猪的繁殖性能。猪舍环境控制包括舍内有害气体减排、供暖、通风与降温。其中,猪舍内有害气体可以通过改进饲养管理及舍内设施的设计进行控制。冬季供暖通风主要应从提高猪舍围护结构的保温节能效果和配置必须的供暖设施并合理组织通风几个方面同时着手。夏季隔热降温应从提高猪舍围护结构的隔热性能并采取适宜的降温措施综合考虑。 相似文献
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标准化规模化猪场中猪舍的环境控制 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
猪舍环境是影响生猪生产的重要因素,为了提高标准化规模化猪场生产力水平,分析了环境因素对生猪生产力的影响,对猪舍环境控制措施进行了阐述。猪舍环境影响生猪生产力主要表现在其影响仔猪成活率和繁殖猪的繁殖性能。猪舍环境控制包括舍内有害气体减排、供暖、通风与降温。其中,猪舍内有害气体可以通过改进饲养管理及舍内设施的设计进行控制。冬季供暖通风主要应从提高猪舍围护结构的保温节能效果和配置必须的供暖设施并合理组织通风几个方面同时着手。夏季隔热降温应从提高猪舍围护结构的隔热性能并采取适宜的降温措施综合考虑。 相似文献
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浅谈楼房养猪除臭技术设计与应用 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
楼房养猪相较于传统平房养猪,占用面积更小,可节省用地60%以上。楼房养猪同时方便集中管理,易于采光通风和保暖;但是楼房养猪也有明显的缺点,相较于传统的平房养猪,楼房养猪作为集约化、规模化、现代化养猪的集中表现模式,建造及运营维护成本相对较高,消毒及防疫工作较为困难。高楼环境易于通风的同时,猪舍的污染问题也更加突出。猪舍给空气带来的污染不仅会影响猪舍内外的空气质量,同时还会影响猪只的繁殖、生长和发育,并将会对养殖人员与附近居民的身体健康产生重要影响。所以,必须采取相应完善的系统科学措施,处理楼房养猪中的空气除臭问题,保证生猪生活环境的清洁。文章通过结合平房养猪以及楼房养猪的特点,浅谈一下楼房养猪的除臭技术的设计与应用。 相似文献
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由于膳食纤维和蛋白质对肠道健康和环境都有潜在的有益或有害影响,因此,膳食纤维和蛋白质在猪肠道中的发酵是一个值得关注的问题。本文综述了近年来有关膳食纤维和蛋白质发酵对猪肠道环境的影响及其对猪粪和猪舍含氮气体和异味排放的影响,同时探讨了蛋白质发酵和相关代谢化合物的生产,与膳食纤维发酵、对肠道健康、细菌蛋白质合成和氮排泄的影响。生产上可以采用不同的营养策略来应对集约化养猪生产对环境的的负面影响,如降低日粮粗蛋白质水平减少氮排泄。总的来说,日粮纤维和蛋白质水平是影响猪肠道发酵、氮排泄和环境影响的一个有效策略。 相似文献
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《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2008,17(2):283-295
Fans are key components of mechanically ventilated poultry housing. When installed, the fan is often fitted with 1 or more accessories, including safety guards, shutters, and discharge cones. These first 2 accessories usually reduce the airflow and fan efficiency, whereas discharge cones improve airflow. Field performance of a fan is further impacted by accumulated dirt on the blades and shutters, mechanical wear, and degree of maintenance. Performance of all ventilation fans on 2 commercial broiler farms was determined during an air emission monitoring project. Each fan was tested using the Fan Assessment Numeration System at a range of static pressures typical of its regular operating range. The performance of otherwise identical fans was shown to vary by up to 24%. This variation in performance is attributed to accumulated dirt and corrosion, differences in the resistance to flow imposed by the shutters, and differences in motor and bearing wear due to run time and aging. A small reduction in fan speed from slipping or worn belts had a large effect on airflow generated by the 1,220-mm (48 in.) diameter fans. The power consumption of each fan was also measured as part of the evaluation process and revealed considerable variation among these fans. 相似文献
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为评估蛋鸡舍温热环境质量,采用CFD技术对收集的现代化密闭蛋鸡舍数据(包括温度、风速、实地测量数据等)进行模拟分析评估并提出优化建议.结果显示:①禽舍中段及风机出口附近的气流速度较大,前端南北两侧(尤其是南北湿帘上游)的气流速度偏低,在该区域内形成空气对流,造成空气流动死角.②温度分布不太均匀,冷气资源在上部被风机直接... 相似文献
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猪舍微生物气溶胶分布特性与调控对策 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
猪舍空气环境直接影响着猪生产性能的发挥,其中微生物气溶胶与猪群健康关系密切,是猪病发生和传播的重要因素。文章综述了猪舍微生物气溶胶的种类、来源、危害、特性及调控对策。 相似文献
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Chai L Ni JQ Diehl CA Kilic I Heber AJ Chen Y Cortus EL Bogan BW Lim TT Ramirez-Dorronsoro JC Chen L 《British poultry science》2012,53(1):19-31
1. Ventilation controls the indoor environment and is critical for poultry production and welfare. Ventilation is also crucial for assessing aerial pollutant emissions from the poultry industry. Published ventilation data for commercial layer houses have been limited, and are mostly based on short-term studies, mainly because monitoring airflow from large numbers of fans is technically challenging. 2. A two-year continuous ventilation monitoring trial was conducted at two commercial manure belt houses (A and B), each with 250?000 layers and 88 130-cm exhaust fans. All the fans were individually monitored with fan rotational speed sensors or vibration sensors. Differential static pressures across the house walls were also measured. Three fan performance assessment methods were applied periodically to determine fan degradations. Fan models were developed to calculate house ventilations. 3. A total of 693 and 678 complete data days, each containing >16?h of valid ventilation data, were obtained in houses A and B, respectively. The two-year mean ventilation rates of houses A and B were 2·08 and 2·10?m3?h?1?hen?1, corresponding to static pressures of ?36·5 and ?48·9?Pa, respectively. For monthly mean ventilation, the maximum rates were 4·87 and 5·01?m3?h?1?hen?1 in July 2008, and the minimum were 0·59 and 0·81?m3?h?1?hen?1 in February 2008, for houses A and B, respectively. 4. The two-year mean ventilation rates were similar to those from a survey in Germany and a 6-month study in Indiana, USA, but were much lower than the 8·4 and 6·2?m3?h?1?hen?1 from a study in Italy. The minimum monthly mean ventilation rates were similar to the data obtained in winter in Canada, but were lower than the minimum ventilation suggested in the literature. The lower static pressure in house B required more ventilation energy input. The two houses, although identical, demonstrated differences in indoor environment controls that represented potential to increase ventilation energy efficiency, and reduce carbon footprints and operational costs. 相似文献
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O'Reilly KM Harris MJ Mendl M Held S Moinard C Statham P Marchant-Forde J Green LE 《The Veterinary record》2006,159(7):193-196
Data from 67 pig farms with a variety of farrowing systems were used to identify factors associated with preweaning mortality in British pig herds. The median mortality reported by the farmers was 10.7 per cent (interquartile range 8.5 to 14 per cent). There was a significantly higher mortality when the pigs were weaned when they were older. A multivariable Poisson model was developed into which the types of farrowing system on each farm and the age at weaning were forced. Factors associated with a lower preweaning mortality rate were insulating the farrowing building, providing extra heat at farrowing, giving the piglets iron injections, dipping their navels, using fan ventilation and using artificial lighting systems. Factors associated with a higher mortality rate were a later weaning age, the use of infra-red lamps rather than other forms of supplementary heat, and the use of a creep without any bedding. 相似文献