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1.
不同水肥管理对水稻分蘖期根系特征和氮磷钾养分累积的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为探讨节水灌溉与氮肥施用对水稻分蘖期根系特征和氮磷钾累积的影响,该试验采用防雨棚池栽试验,研究2个灌溉模式(常规灌溉与控制灌溉)与3个施氮量(90、180和270 kg hm-2)对水稻分蘖期根系活力、最长根长、根直径、根体积、水稻根、茎、叶的含氮、磷、钾量及累积量的影响。研究结果表明,随着施氮水平增加,水稻根茎叶及整株的氮含量、茎及整株的氮累积量、茎的钾含量增加,水稻根系活力、最长根长、根直径、根体积、整株生物干质量、根叶的氮累积量、根叶及整株的磷含量、根叶茎及整株的磷累积量、根叶的钾含量、根茎叶及整株的钾累积量呈先增加后降低趋势;与常规灌溉模式相比,水稻根系活力、根直径、根体积、叶氮累积量、根及整株的磷含量增加。在该试验条件下,以控制灌溉模式下施氮量180 kg hm-2利于水稻分蘖期根系生长和养分吸收利用,水稻根系活力、根体积、整株生物干质量、整株的氮含量、整株氮累积量分别达到0.94%、21.27 cm3、22.68 g plant-1、72.40 mg g-1、1.74 g plant-1。该研究为认识水氮调控下水稻分蘖期根系特征与氮、磷、钾吸收利用,指导水稻节水节肥栽培实践提供支撑。 相似文献
2.
以南粳44和两优培九两个水稻品种为材料,通过盆栽试验,研究了不同浓度镉胁迫下水稻冠层光谱特征及植株各器官镉含量间的定量关系。结果表明,两水稻品种整株、茎、叶和穗各器官镉含量均随着镉胁迫处理浓度的增加而加大,且茎中含量最高;不同浓度镉污染胁迫下的水稻冠层反射光谱曲线在可见光红光波段也存在差异,随着镉处理浓度增大,光谱曲线反射值降低,去除包络线后归一化深度加大,红边位置在两个品种中有不同程度的红移。通过构建植被指数NDVI（x）与水稻器官中镉含量的多种关系模型,比较了模型预测的显著性,分别构建了适用于两个水稻品种各器官的镉胁迫遥感监测的预测模型,南粳44分别为y整珠=86．207x2-56．633x＋9．7361,y茎=157．65x2-101．89x＋17．317,y叶=21．619x2-14．192x＋2．5283以及y穗_4．701lzz_1．4549x＋0．1628;两优培九分别为y茎=41．495x2-29．34x＋5．1829,y茎=53．364x2-36．778x＋6．3612,y叶=22．981x^2-15．768x＋2．7588,y茎=36．347x^2-25．477x＋4．4473。进而说明,地面高光谱遥感对水稻重金属镉污染及其胁迫水平有较好的响应,可通过水稻冠层光谱的差异性分析,实现水稻镉污染的快速、无损伤探测。 相似文献
3.
硫对超积累植物东南景天生长和镉累积的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过营养液培养试验研究了不同硫镉水平对超积累东南景天生长和镉累积的影响。结果表明,不同处理下东南景天根、茎和叶片的生物量、镉含量、镉累积量均以叶片>茎>根,且以Cd100>Cd10,显示出东南景天对镉的超积累特性。供硫1.5~2.25 mmol/L显著提高超积累东南景天根、茎和叶片的生物量、镉含量、镉累积量及整株镉累积总量。超积累东南景天地上部分(叶片 茎)镉累积量/地下部分(根)镉累积量的比值(S/R)远大于1,表明东南景天植株体内可能存在"增硫诱导镉需求"现象,而从植物修复角度来说,利用增硫手段提高超积累东南景天生长和地上部镉的积累能力具有重要的应用价值。超积累东南景天Cd的吸收速率和转运速率随营养液中硫(S)浓度的增加而增加,二者可分别用对数方程和直线方程来描述。 相似文献
4.
土壤施用富集植物秸秆对荠菜镉积累的影响 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
通过在镉污染土壤中施用镉富集植物碎米荠、旱莲草、豆瓣菜和小飞蓬秸秆,研究了四种镉富集植物秸秆施入土壤对荠菜镉积累的影响。结果表明:四种镉富集植物秸秆施入土壤均提高了荠菜地上部分生物量、总生物量和抗性系数,同时也提高了荠菜叶片SPAD值(绿色度)。土壤施用旱莲草秸秆提高了荠菜茎、叶片及地上部分的镉含量,分别比各自对照提高了23.81%、1.51%和10.95%,同时也提高了土样有效态镉含量,其余三种处理均低于各自对照。土壤施用旱莲草秸秆的荠菜整株镉积累量显著高于未施用,为43.82μg plant-1,比未施用提高了17.35%,而其余三种处理的荠菜整株镉积累量均低于未施用。因此,土壤施用旱莲草秸秆能够提高荠菜对土壤镉的吸收与积累,有利于提高荠菜对镉污染土壤的修复。 相似文献
5.
阻隔主要外源输入重金属对土壤-水稻系统中镉铅累积的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
土壤-水稻系统中重金属输入输出调控对稻田污染防治和水稻安全生产具有重要意义。该文研究稻草移除、截断大气沉降、清洁水灌溉等调控措施对稻田土壤-水稻系统中重金属Cd和Pb的累积与运移特征的影响。结果表明,稻草移除、截断大气沉降和清洁水灌溉均能明显降低污染土壤中有效态重金属含量和水稻中重金属的累积量。与稻草还田对照处理相比,除种植早稻后的土壤有效态Pb含量外,稻草移除处理下土壤中有效态Cd、Pb含量均略有降低,且在该处理下,早稻糙米中Pb含量与晚稻糙米中Cd、Pb含量显著降低,降幅分别为3.6%、10.4%和32.4%;稻草移除+截断大气沉降处理下,土壤中有效态Cd、Pb含量均不同程度地下降,种植晚稻后的土壤有效态Pb含量显著降低,除早稻的根和糙米中Cd含量外,其余早晚稻水稻各部位Cd、Pb含量均显著降低,水稻根和茎叶Cd、Pb含量平均降幅分别为32.8%、36.8%和32.2%、24.8%,晚稻糙米Cd、Pb累积量分别显著降低66.3%和22.2%;稻草移除+清洁水灌溉处理下,种植早晚稻后的土壤有效态Cd、Pb含量平均下降幅度分别为11.7%和15.9%,早晚稻各部位Cd、Pb含量降低幅度较大,早晚稻根和茎叶Cd、Pb含量平均降幅分别为38.34%、30.35%和43.4%、13.2%,晚稻糙米中Cd、Pb累积量降幅分别为39.4%、67.2%。分析水稻地上部的Cd、Pb富集与转运系数表明,稻草移除结合截断大气沉降或清洁水灌溉等控源措施可显著降低Cd、Pb在水稻地上部位的富集系数,减少地上部位重金属的累积量。上述结果表明,采用稻草移除结合截断大气沉降或清洁水灌溉措施可进一步降低土壤中有效态Cd、Pb含量和水稻中Cd、Pb富集。因此,控制区域大气污染,净化农田灌溉水等控源措施,同时施行稻草移除等输出污染农田土壤中重金属等策略,可有效实现污染农田土壤安全利用和水稻安全生产。 相似文献
6.
为了强化镉富集植物繁缕对镉污染土壤的修复效率,采用盆栽试验,研究了喷施不同浓度赤霉素(GA_3)对繁缕生长及镉积累的影响。结果表明,繁缕的生物量随GA_3浓度的增加而增加,但光合色素含量、抗氧化酶(SOD、POD和CAT)活性、可溶性蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量、镉含量及镉积累量均呈先增后降的趋势。在GA_3浓度为10 mg L~(-1)时,繁缕地上部分及整株镉积累量均达到最大值,分别为244.86、348.97μg plant~(-1),较各自对照分别增加了31.20%(P0.05)和25.51%(P0.05)。因此,采用繁缕修复镉污染土壤时,以10 mg L~(-1)的GA_3提高繁缕的修复效率最佳,可作为植物修复的强化措施。 相似文献
7.
抽穗期高温胁迫对水稻产量构成要素和品质的影响 总被引：22，自引：0，他引：22
以扬稻6号与南粳43为试验材料,通过在人工气候箱中进行高温处理,研究抽穗期高温胁迫对水稻产量构成要素及稻米品质的影响,旨在深入探讨高温对水稻的伤害机理。研究表明:水稻抽穗期高温降低了水稻的每穗总粒数、结实率和千粒重,同时稻米的糙米率、精米率、整精米率、可溶性糖和蛋白质含量也呈下降趋势,而稻米的垩白率、垩白度和直链淀粉含量增加明显,随胁迫温度的提高和胁迫时间的延长,2个水稻品种的产量构成要素和稻米品质急剧下降。相同温度胁迫下,扬稻6号的热害指数(Index of heat sensitivity,HIS)稍低于南粳43,其中扬稻6号的产量构成要素和品质受高温的影响也稍低于南粳43,说明扬稻6号耐高温能力高于南粳43。研究结果为进一步了解高温对水稻结实和稻米品质的伤害机理,筛选耐热性强的水稻品种提供重要的理论依据。 相似文献
8.
铜绿假单胞菌对镉胁迫水稻苗期生长与镉积累的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
稻米重金属污染是人们广泛关注的严重问题,微生物钝化是阻遏环境重金属进入生物循环的有效途径之一。为了解铜绿假单胞菌对苗期水稻镉污染的缓解效应,本文以无镉处理为对照,通过添加20μmol×L~(-1)镉的水培试验,研究了铜绿假单胞菌、载体A(硅藻土,粒径1~3 mm)、载体B(硅藻土,粒径3~6 mm)、载体C(活性炭,比表面积1 000 m~2×g-1)以及铜绿假单胞菌与载体制备的菌剂A、菌剂B和菌剂C对水稻生长、镉含量及镉积累量的影响。结果表明,20μmol×L~(-1)镉处理显著抑制了水稻根长、株高的生长和干物质积累,添加菌液及菌剂A、B、C后,水稻生长状况得到显著改善,总生物量比镉处理(0.523 g×株~(-1))提高38.5%~67.3%,以菌剂B处理的水稻生物量最高。水稻根、茎鞘、叶以及地上部镉含量显著降低,其中添加菌剂A、菌剂B、菌剂C及活性炭处理的水稻地上部镉含量分别比镉处理(101.3 mg×g~(-1))下降45.9%、47.9%、59.9%和59.9%,迁移系数降低16.7%、25.0%、33.3%和33.3%,富集系数减少48.1%、48.8%、58.8%和60.9%。添加活性炭、菌剂A和菌剂C处理的水稻单株镉积累量降低18.2%、9.5%和24.3%,添加菌剂B以及依次含有56.4 mL、45.3 mL、28.4 mL菌悬液的菌液A、菌液B和菌液C处理,其镉积累量依次增加15.0%、30.4%、14.9%、16.9%,说明菌株通过提高作物生物量增加了镉积累。综上,铜绿假单胞菌可显著促进镉胁迫水稻的生长,降低水稻的镉含量,抑制镉的迁移,降低水稻镉的有效性;菌剂A、B、C表现出良好的镉钝化能力,表明铜绿假单胞菌可为环境镉污染的生物修复提供新菌株。 相似文献
9.
土壤pH值与镉含量对水稻产量和不同器官镉累积的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探明水稻产量与镉积累分配对土壤pH值和镉含量的响应,以3个籽粒Cd含量差异明显的晚稻品种(天优华占,TY;星2号,X2;湘晚籼13号,XW)为试验材料,分别于不同pH值稻田研究土壤镉(Cd)含量对水稻产量和不同器官Cd累积的影响,并比较了品种间差异。结果表明,水稻产量因土壤pH值下降而下降,且品种间降幅差异明显,以X2最大(21.72%33.81%),XW最小(3.05%17.71%);添加0.5 mg·kg-1Cd时水稻减产不显著,但添加1.0 mg·kg-1Cd时各品种均显著减产,且其降幅与品种和土壤pH值有关,X2和XW在酸化条件下降幅较大,而TY在正常pH条件下降幅较大。植株(整株)Cd含量存在品种间差异,各品种植株Cd含量均随着土壤Cd浓度的提高与土壤pH值的下降而显著提高,且植株Cd含量峰值因土壤酸化而提前。水稻器官间Cd含量依次表现根>茎>穗>叶,各器官Cd含量均随着土壤Cd浓度提高而显著增大,但增大倍数存在器官间差异;品种间器官Cd含量差异明显,营养器官表现为X2>TY>XW,而稻穗表现为TY>X2>XW。水稻各器官及全株Cd累积量均随着土壤Cd浓度提高和土壤pH值降低而显著增大,成熟期累积量表现为茎>穗>根>叶;品种间Cd累积量差异明显,营养器官和整株Cd累积量表现为X2>XW>TY,而穗Cd累积量表现为TY>X2>XW。Cd分配比例一般以茎为最高,叶最低,土壤酸化使茎、叶所占比例增大,根、穗所占比例降低;品种间Cd分配比例存在一定差异,穗Cd所占比例表现为TY>X2>XW。可见,水稻产量与器官间Cd累积分配规律受到土壤Cd含量和pH值的影响显著,同时也具有明显的品种间差异。本研究为不同水稻品种在不同pH值与Cd含量稻田上的应用提供了理论依据。 相似文献
10.
土施超富集植物秸秆对荠菜生长及镉积累的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
[目的]研究超富集植物秸秆对富集植物重金属积累的化感作用,为镉污染土壤的植物修复研究提供参考。[方法]通过在镉污染土壤中施用镉超富集植物〔(红果黄鹌菜Youngia erythrocarpa)、三叶鬼针草(Bidens pilosa)、少花龙葵(Solanum americanum)和豨莶(Siegesbeckia orientalis)〕秸秆,研究了4种镉超富集植物秸秆施入土壤对镉富集植物荠菜生长及镉积累的影响。[结果]4种镉超富集植物秸秆施入土壤均提高了荠菜地上部分生物量、总生物量和抗性系数,同时提高了荠菜叶片SPAD值(绿色度)。土施红果黄鹌菜秸秆提高了荠菜根系、茎、叶片及地上部分的镉含量,分别比各自对照高11.81%,102.07%,12.00%和54.95%,同时也提高了土样有效态镉含量,其余3种处理均低于各自对照。土施红果黄鹌菜秸秆的荠菜地上部分和整株的镉积累量均高于对照,分别为42.11和54.74μg/株,比各自对照高83.09%和54.11%,而其余3种处理的镉积累量均低于对照。[结论]土施红果黄鹌菜能够提高荠菜对土壤镉的积累,有利于提高荠菜对镉污染土壤的修复效果。 相似文献
11.
Heavy metal environmental pollution which occurs as a result of lime contaminated with cadmium (Cd) poses a potential health hazard. This investigation was undertaken to study uptake of Cd by strawberry plants grown in soil amended with three different sources and two different rates of industry waste lime containing 3.4, 14.3, and 60.0 mg Cd/kg, respectively. The effects of Cd applied to the soil were investigated, including its distribution in the soil and effect on Cd concentration in strawberry cv. Senga Sengana (Fragaria anassa) leaves and fruit in response to soil organic matter content and lime rates. Cadmium accumulated mainly in the plough layer, increasing from 0.170 mg Cd/kg (background level) to a maximum of 1.2 mg Cd/kg. Fruit had very high, hazardous Cd concentrations regardless of its content in the soil. This indicates that Cd was easily taken up by strawberry plants and accumulated in upper plant parts, including the fruit. Soil Cd content had no effect on concentration of this element in strawberry fruit. However, plant Cd uptake and fruit concentration was increased in acid soils even when soil Cd concentration was low. 相似文献
12.
C. D. Tsadilas 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(8):1167-1178
Cadmium (Cd) is a non‐essential toxic element, which is highly accumulated by tobacco leaves and is transferred to tobacco smoke thus contributing substantially to the permitted level of Cd intake by humans. Therefore, measures to reduce Cd accumulation by tobacco are of significant importance. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the influence of soil liming on Cd uptake by tobacco plants in high Cd exposure. A pot experiment was conducted with Nicotiana tabacum L. Samsun 53 on an acid Typic Haploxeralf amended with refuse sugarbeet lime to obtain a pH range from 5.3 to 7.0 and contaminated with 20 mg kg‐1 Cd applied as CdCl2. Tobacco was grown in pots for three months under natural conditions, harvested in four cuts and Cd uptake by leaves was estimated. In soil samples selected, pH, Cd extracted by DTPA method, and Cd fractions such as exchangeable, organically bound, carbonate and residual were determined. The results showed that Cd uptake influenced negatively tobacco yield. Soil liming decreased Cd uptake by tobacco plants. The DTPA method was not a good indicator for Cd availability in tobacco. A very strong relationship was recorded between exchangeable Cd and total Cd uptake showing that this Cd fraction is available to tobacco plants. Soil pH was correlated strongly in a negative way with this Cd fraction suggesting that this soil factor is very important in controlling Cd accumulation by tobacco. 相似文献
13.
基于小白菜Cd吸收推算土壤Cd安全阈值 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
LU Junhe YANG Xinping MENG Xuchao WANG Guoqing LIN Yusuo WANG Yujun ZHAO Fangjie 《土壤圈》2017,27(3):475-481
Cadmium(Cd), a common toxic heavy metal in soil, has relatively high bioavailability, which seriously threatens agricultural products. In this study, 8 different soils with contrasting soil properties were collected from different regions in China to investigate the Cd transfer coefficient from soil to Chinese cabbage(Brassica chinensis L.) and the threshold levels of Cd in soils for production of Chinese cabbage according to the food safety standard for Cd. Exogenous Cd(0–4 mg kg~(-1)) was added to the soils and equilibrated for 2 weeks before Chinese cabbage was grown under greenhouse conditions. The influence of soil properties on the relationship between soil and cabbage Cd concentrations was investigated. The results showed that Cd concentration in the edible part of Chinese cabbage increased linearly with soil Cd concentration in 5 soils, but showed a curvilinear pattern with a plateau at the highest dose of exogenous Cd in the other 3 soils. The Cd transfer coefficient from soil to plant varied significantly among the different soils and decreased with increasing soil p H from 4.7 to 7.5. However, further increase in soil pH to 8.0 resulted in a significant decrease in the Cd transfer coefficient. According to the measured Cd transfer coefficient and by reference to the National Food Safety Standards of China, the safety threshold of Cd concentration in soil was predicted to be between 0.12 and 1.7 mg kg~(-1) for the tested soils. The predicted threshold values were higher than the current soil quality standard for Cd in 5 soils, but lower than the standard in the other 3 soils. Regression analysis showed a significant positive relationship between the predicted soil Cd safety threshold value and soil p H in combination with soil organic matter or clay content. 相似文献
14.
外源Cd在不同品种水稻组织中的细胞分布和化学形态特征研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用水培试验,以低镉(Cd)积累水稻品种‘D83A/R527’和高Cd积累水稻品种‘辐优838’为供试材料,设置3个Cd浓度(5μmol·L~(-1)、10μmol·L~(-1)、25μmol·L~(-1))处理,从Cd亚细胞及化学形态分布角度研究了不同基因型水稻品种的Cd积累特性,为探讨水稻对Cd的吸收积累生理机制提供科学依据。结果表明:(1)水稻‘D83A/R527’的根系和茎叶Cd含量及根系-茎叶转移系数均显著低于‘辐优838’(P0.05)。(2)两水稻根系各亚细胞组分中Cd含量表现为可溶部分(F3)细胞壁(F1)细胞器(F2),茎叶表现为细胞壁(F1)可溶部分(F3)细胞器(F2);‘D83A/R527’根系和茎叶细胞壁Cd的质量分数(36.76%~51.75%)高于‘辐优838’(31.29%~49.07%)。(3)两水稻品种Cd化学形态含量均表现为氯化钠提取态(F_(NaCl)-Cd)醋酸提取态(F_(HAc)-Cd)去离子水提取态(F_W-Cd)乙醇提取态(F_E-Cd)盐酸提取态(F_(HCl)-Cd);随Cd处理浓度的增加,‘D83A/R527’根系F_E-Cd和F_W-Cd(活性态Cd)质量分数逐渐下降(24.75%~18.34%),‘辐优838’活性态Cd逐渐上升(27.18%~28.68%),茎叶F_(HAc)-Cd和F_(HCl)-Cd(惰性态Cd)质量分数(32.41%~38.98%)逐渐上升且高于‘辐优838’(28.44%~31.22%),‘D83A/R527’根系和茎叶F_(NaCl)-Cd质量分数(32.71%~51.17%)均高于‘辐优838’(32.14%~47.63%)。综上,‘D83A/R527’水稻幼苗Cd积累量低;与‘辐优838’相比,‘D83A/R527’水稻幼苗根系和茎叶细胞壁质量分数较高,"活性态"Cd质量分数较低,"惰性态"Cd则更高,表明‘D83A/R527’水稻对Cd有更强的固持能力。 相似文献
15.
We investigated the effects of different P fertilizers on the yields and Cd contents of oat (Avena sativa L.), ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.), carrot (Daucus carota L.), and spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). These crops were grown in the greenhouse using soils treated with lime to achieve three pHs ranging from 4.77 to 5.94 for a sandy soil and 4.97 to 6.80 for a loam soil. The crop yields were generally not affected by liming or application of different kinds of P fertilizers, with a few exceptions. Application of Cd-containing NPK fertilizers in all cases tended to increase the Cd concentrations in crops, and the highest Cd concentrations in crops were obtained when the high-Cd NPK fertilizer was applied (adding 12.5 μg Cd kg?1 soil). Cadmium concentrations in crops in most cases decreased with increasing soil pH. The highest percent recovery of the added Cd by plant species in the sandy soil was found for inorganic Cd-salt and in the loam soil for low-Cd NPK fertilizer. Phosphate rock resulted in the lowest recovery of the added Cd by all the plant species in both soils, but was also an insufficient P-source of its low solubility. 相似文献
16.
为探讨叶面硒肥对生菜(Lactuca sativa L.)镉胁迫的改善作用,通过盆栽试验,设置2个镉污染浓度(1 mg/kg,Cd1;3 mg/kg,Cd3)和3个叶面硒肥浓度(0 mg/L,Se0;1 mg/L,Se1;3 mg/L,Se3),研究了不同浓度叶面硒肥对生菜镉积累的影响。结果表明:①叶面硒肥的喷施可不同程度降低生菜对镉的吸收积累,较之Cd1+Se0处理,Cd1+Se1处理可显著降低生菜叶镉含量,降幅为26.29%;较之Cd3+Se0处理,Cd3+Se3处理下生菜叶镉含量显著降低49.05%。②喷施适宜浓度的叶面硒肥可不同程度提升生菜过氧化氢酶(CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,降低丙二醛(MDA)含量,Cd1+Se1处理下,生菜的CAT、SOD活性分别显著高于Cd1+Se0处理40.38%、68.71%,而MDA含量则显著降低44.48%;Cd3+Se3处理下,生菜的CAT、SOD活性较Cd3+Se0处理分别显著提升77.48%、51.70%,而MDA含量则显著降低48.90%。因此,喷施适量的叶面硒肥可明显提升生菜抗逆特性,进而有效阻控生菜对镉的吸收,其中土壤镉含量为1 mg/kg(Cd1)时,叶面硒肥喷施浓度以 1 mg/L效果最佳,土壤镉含量为3 mg/kg(Cd3)时,叶面硒肥喷施浓度以 3 mg/L效果为最优。 相似文献
17.
18.
为了更好地指导重金属镉污染稻田实施土壤修复、管控土壤镉毒害风险,以我国南方典型镉污染稻田为研究对象,基于316个监测点位的土壤镉及理化性质指标测定,分析土壤有效态镉含量与土壤理化因子间的相互关系,并通过逐步多元回归方程,建立稻田土壤有效态镉的预测模型。结果表明,土壤总镉、有效锌、有效硫、有效磷及有效铜是影响南方稻田土壤有效态镉含量的主要因素。通过区域调研,借助逐步回归分析得到南方稻田土壤有效态镉含量的预测模型方程:Cdext=-0.006+0.371(Cdtot)+0.014(A-Zn)+0.001(A-S)-0.001(A-P)+ 相似文献
19.
In a greenhouse experiment, effects of different phosphate fertilizer applications on soil Cd extracted by DTPA and NH4NO3 in relation to plant uptake of Cd were investigated. The soils used were a sand and a loam treated with lime to achieve three pHs ranging from 4.77 to 5.94 for the sandy soil and 4.97 to 6.80 for the loam soil. Oat (Avena sativa L.), ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.), carrot (Daucus carota L.), and spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), were used as test species. Application of the high-Cd NPK fertilizer (adding 12.5 μg Cd kg?1 soil) significantly increased the extractable soil Cd, especially the DTPA-extractable Cd. Use of phosphate rock adding as much Cd as the high-Cd NPK fertilizer did not increase the extractable Cd in either of the soils. Both DTPA- and NH4NO3-extractable Cd decreased with the increases in soil pH. The Cd concentrations and total Cd uptake of plants were significantly correlated with the soil Cd extracted by DTPA and NH4NO3. 相似文献
20.
采用盆栽试验研究不同浓度(0、0.02、0.1、0.5、2.5 mg/L)的表油菜素内酯(EBR)对镉胁迫下番茄幼苗生长及镉累积的影响。结果表明,镉处理后番茄幼苗的生物量、叶绿素含量、抗氧化酶(POD和CAT)活性均下降,丙二醛(MDA)含量、相对电导率和渗透调节物质含量均升高;喷施一定浓度的EBR(0.5 mg/L)后,番茄幼苗的生物量、叶绿素含量、抗氧化酶(POD和CAT)活性及脯氨酸含量均显著增加,可溶性蛋白、MDA含量和相对电导率有所下降,番茄幼苗根系和地上部分的镉含量分别上升了50.0%和93.4%,镉转运系数最低,为0.45。综上,喷施EBR能够增强番茄幼苗对镉胁迫的耐受性,促进幼苗生长,降低镉的转运系数,其中,EBR浓度为0.5 mg/L时效果最好。 相似文献