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1.
该文以河北围场县接坝地区5种混交林作为研究对象,对其土壤水分—物理性质进行了分析研究。结果表明:土层越深容重越大,土壤总孔隙度逐渐减少。土壤容重均值大小顺序为:落桦混交林>栎松混交林>杨桦混交林>桦松混交林>阔叶混交林;土壤持水量与土壤容重之间存在正相关关系。土壤总孔隙度排序为:阔叶混交林>杨桦混交林>桦松混交林>栎松混交林>落桦混交林;土壤最大持水量均值排序为:阔叶混交林>桦松混交林>杨桦混交林>栎松混交林>落桦混交林;土壤稳渗速率排序为:阔叶混交林>桦松混交林>落桦混交林>杨桦混交林>栎松混交林,土壤入渗速率与入渗时间呈明显幂函数关系。 相似文献
2.
马尾松生态公益林可持续经营研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对马尾松生态公益林间伐后套种香樟的经济效益、林木生长状况、土壤结构、土壤水分养分等方面进行对比分析,结果表明,马尾松间伐的木材收入能够维持改造混交林进行绿化苗木培育所需的费用,混交林中香樟生长良好,同时明显促进了马尾松的生长。混交后形成的异龄混交复层林分土壤物理性质状况明显改善,林分结构更趋合理,防护功能明显增强。 相似文献
3.
4.
马尾松混交林生产力及其丰产机理初探 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
初步研究了马尾松与刺槐、栎类、枫香三个树种不同混交比例林分的生产力状况，从根系的分布和根量，凋落物营养元素含量，土壤养分含量三个方面初步探索了混交林较马尾松纯林丰产的机理，为马尾松混交林的经营改造提供依据。 相似文献
5.
本文根据生态学原理及太行山南端自然、经济特点，利用聚类分析与定性研究相结合的方法，将该区划分为５个森林生态类型区：低山丘陵侧柏纯林、灌木林生态类型区（Ⅰ），低山丘陵经济林生态类型区（Ⅱ），低山丘陵刺槐、栎类落叶阔叶林生态类型区（Ⅲ），中山油松、栎类针、阔叶林生态类型区（Ⅳ），中山天然栎林生态类型区（Ⅴ）。并根据各生态类型区特征，提出相应的发展策略，为太行山南端林业发展提供理论依据。 相似文献
6.
辽东栎是山西省重要的乡土树种，也是山西地带性植被松栎混交林的主要树种。介绍了大南坪林场辽东栎裸根苗和容器苗的繁育及造林技术，为乡土树种开发利用提供了技术参考。 相似文献
7.
<正> 马尾松(Pinus massoniana)、麻栎(Quercus acutissima)是湖北省主要用材和薪材树种。由于大面积经营纯林,林分树种单一,结构简单,森林群落不稳定,抗病虫能力差,地力恶化,生产力低。合理营造混交林是解决这一问题的重要措施。为了探索松、栎混交林的混交机制,总结营造经验,为我省大面积营造马尾松,栎类混交林提供科学依据,我们1987—1989年对马尾松、麻栎混交林进行了调查研究。 相似文献
8.
松栎混交林中马尾松与白栎光合作用的日变化 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
自然条件下使用开放式气体交换LI-6400便携式光合测定系统对松栎混交林中的马尾松和白栎的光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度等光合特性进行了测定．结果表明：马尾松与白栎之间的光合速率日变化有明显差异，马尾松呈双峰型，白栎呈单峰型；白栎光合特性对大气CO2浓度增加和温度升高等生态因子变化的响应比马尾松敏感，它的气孔导度与蒸腾速率的变化直接影响本身光合速率的变化． 相似文献
9.
何立新 《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》1998,(1)
以湘中丘陵区石栎马尾松混交林和马尾松纯林为研究对象,对两类林分进行了生物量和封理化性质的测定分析,结果表明:混交林林分生物量远高于马尾松纯林,是纯林的2.99倍;混交林乔木层生物量也高于纯林;混交林林分平均净生产力高于纯林,是纯林的3.62倍;混交林和纯林的根系总质量分别占林分生物量的9.76%和11.08%.在各级根中,两类林分均以粗根所占比例最大,细根所占比例最小,根系质量均随深度的增加而递减;混交林枝叶比略小于纯林,而枝叶指数、冠根比及光合部分与非光合部分比值则相反;混交林土壤营养元素含量显著高于马尾松纯林,但混交林土壤容重比纯林低,总孔隙度与毛管孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度比纯林林地高,本研究结果,为湘中丘陵区石栎马尾松混交林及马尾松纯林的培育提供了重要参考依据。 相似文献
10.
通过对太岳灵空山四种主要森林类型：油松纯林、辽东栎林、松栎混交林、油桦栎混交林的枯落物生物量及其持水性能的调查分析，总结出不同森林类型的生物量、最大持水量、分解率的大小排序。为研究森林的水土保持、水源涵养功能以及进一步综合评价该区的森林生态功能提供了科学依据。 相似文献
11.
灵空山主要森林类型枯落物生物量及持水性能 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9
通过对太岳灵空山四种主要森林类型 :油松纯林、辽东栎林、松栎混交林、油落桦栎混交林的枯落物生物量及其持水性能的调查分析 ,总结出不同森林类型的生物量、最大持水量、分解率的大小排序。为研究森林的水土保持、水源涵养功能以及进一步综合评价该区的森林生态功能提供了科学依据 相似文献
12.
山西太岳山典型森林群落土壤有机质及氮素研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
分析了太岳山7种典型森林群落土壤有机质和氮素的基本状况,结果表明:不同林型,土壤腐殖质层和淀积层有机质含量均是油松辽东栎混交林最高,分别为4.908g/kg和3.528g/kg;土壤腐殖质层有机质含量油松林最低,为3.959g/kg,淀积层有机质含量山杨林最低,为1.779g/kg;土壤腐殖质层全氮含量,白桦林最高,为0.368%,辽东栎林最低,为0.176%。;土壤腐殖质层速效氮含量华北落叶松林最高,为292.191mg/kg,油松林最低,为167.725mg/kg;土壤淀积层全氮含量油松林最高,为0.277%,油松辽东栎混交林最低,为0.094%;土壤淀积层速效氮含量山杨林最高为200.183mg/kg,油松辽东栎混交林最低,为49.151mg/kg;土壤有机质、全氮及速效氮含量均是上层土壤高于下层。腐殖质层和淀积层土壤有机质含量在各林型间差异均不显著(P>0.05),而全氮和速效氮含量在各林型间的差异均达到极显著水平(P<0.01)。 相似文献
13.
对塞罕坝机械林场8个林分类型108个林班的地表森林可燃物组成、载量、含水率等进行了调查。结果表明落叶松成林和幼林、樟子松成林和幼林、针叶混交林、桦次生林等林分地表可燃物以枯落物为主,栎次生林和灌木林地表可燃物由枯落物与灌木组成,未成林地与草地可燃物以草本植物为主;地表可燃物载量依次为落叶松成林〉落叶松幼林〉针叶混交林〉樟子松成林〉樟子松未成林〉针阔混交林〉桦次生林〉樟子松幼林〉落叶松未成林〉灌木林〉栎次生林〉草地;草地与栎次生林的含水率最低,着火点也最低,火险危险程度最高;将现有林分按燃烧类型划分为5个类型20个亚类,全场地表可燃物总载量约为2．5×10^6t。 相似文献
14.
《Forest Ecology and Management》1998,106(1):35-44
In East Germany, there are a lot of areas covered by old pine stands. They are growing on soils, on which under natural conditions without anthropogenic impact mixed stands of oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) and pine (Pinus silvestris L.), would form a natural forest. An important objective of ecological silviculture in these areas is to convert the pure pine stands into mixed oak–pine stands by using natural regeneration methods. A highly appreciated assistant in this connection is the European jay (Garrulus glandarius L.). The remarkable results of its work have been found by analyzing the natural regeneration in a few old pine stands in the forest district of Weißwasser in Saxony. Although mother trees of oak are very scarce there, natural regeneration of oak was found everywhere in the research area. The oak regeneration, undoubtedly created by the jay, amounted to at least 2000 oaks/ha. They were mainly distributed at random, while pine regeneration was aggregated in places where gaps in the pine canopy occurred. Oak regeneration was established much earlier than pine regeneration. Thus, oaks exceeded pines in age, height and diameter. The oaks were also superior to pines concerning height increment for the last three years. Thus, there is a good chance for oak to defend its prevailing role in the regeneration in the future. Probably, the next forest generation will be composed of oak and pine trees. The analysis of the quality of the oak regeneration shows that there is no substantial difference to artificially sown oak stands. This indicates that the European jay creates oak stands sufficiently both in number and quality. 相似文献
15.
ThereisatractofsecondaryforestsinnatUfKoreanghn(Pinuskorniensis)forestndon-FenlinNatUrReserveswithanareaofl8l65.4hIn,locatedinthesouthslopeofXiaOking'anlingMountain.ThisresearchwascAnedoutonthesuccessionofhosstandNATURAL0unS0FwiSTANDSInl93l,therewasawildfireinthevir-ginKoreanPineforests,whichstretchedfromShanggedingalongTangwangffivertonorth-eastuntilstandNo.32OfFenglinNatureRe-serves.Thefiredareawasabout2,44Ohm2.TOdate,thestandsisbroadleavedmixedfOr-estsdOndnatedbywhitebirch(… 相似文献
16.
基于森林资源规划设计调查资料,利用ArcMap 10、Fragstats 4.1、DPS 14.1、Excel等软件,选取常用的景观指数,分析云南省腾冲县天然林的景观格局特征,结果表明:①腾冲县天然林景观总体异质性高、形状复杂、聚集程度高、斑块分布比较均衡,景观格局特征比较复杂;②各森林类型面积比例从大到小依次为栎类林其它阔叶林云南松林针阔混交林旱冬瓜林硬阔林竹林冷杉林软阔林华山松林铁杉林,栎类林、其它阔叶林面积占61.51%,是腾冲县天然林景观的主要组成部分,云南松林、针阔混交林、旱冬瓜林面积占32.04%,是腾冲县天然林景观的重要组成部分,硬阔林、竹林、冷杉林、软阔林、华山松林、铁杉林面积仅占6.45%,面积虽小,但在天然林景观中具有特殊的作用;③因子分析结果,从稳定、复杂、异质性高、破碎化低、抗干扰能力强等方面综合评价,按得分从高到低依次是栎类林其它阔叶林云南松林硬阔林针阔混交林旱冬瓜林竹林冷杉林铁杉林华山松林软阔林;④聚类分析结果,可把腾冲县天然林分为4类,第一类是破碎度低、形状复杂、异质性高、抗干扰能力强的栎类林和其它阔叶林,第二类是破碎度高但形状复杂、异质性高、抗干扰能力强的云南松林、针阔混交林和旱冬瓜林,第三类是斑块间平均距离远、聚合度高、呈群团状分布的硬阔林、竹林、铁杉林和冷杉林,第四类是破碎度高、形状简单、异质性低、抗干扰能力弱的华山松林和软阔林;⑤聚类分析结果在因子分析的基础上,体现了硬阔林平均几何最邻近距离远的特征,对腾冲县天然林景观格局的评价效果比因子分析更好。 相似文献
17.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1-4):446-456
The dynamics of three major mineral nutrients (K, Ca, Mg) and six heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd) were studied in decomposing natural, unpolluted litter in two forest types: Scots pine needle litter in a pure Scots pine forest and oak‐hornbeam leaf litter in a mixed oak‐hornbeam stand. Of the mineral nutrients, only K in the oak‐hornbeam system showed a significant decrease in concentration during the course of litter decomposition. For Ca and Mg in both systems and for K in the Scots pine system no clear relation between concentration and accumulated litter‐mass loss was observed. On the other hand, for Fe, Zn, Pb and Cd at both sites, as well as for Mn in the oak‐hornbeam stand and Cu in the Scots pine stand highly significant positive relations were found between heavy metal concentrations and accumulated mass loss. A decrease in concentration was noted only in the case of Mn in the Scots pine system. No clear pattern was found for Cu in the oak‐hornbeam stand. Concentrations of heavy metals in the decomposing litter reached levels at or above those reported to retard decomposition in other studies. At the oak‐hornbeam stand increased also the absolute amounts of Fe, Zn, Pb and Cd. 相似文献
18.
太行山低质低效林改造后的水文效益 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在示范林内选取了几种有代表性的森林植被类型,即分别代表太行山的主要乡土树种油松、辽东栎,及经改造形成的主要混交林类型松栎混交林和油落桦混交林。用标准木法和样方法分别测定了林分单位面积各森林植被层的生物量及总生物量,用浸水法测定了各森林植被层的日最大持水量。观测了油松示范林林冠截留降雨能力。 相似文献
19.
Efrat Sheffer 《Annals of Forest Science》2012,69(4):429-443
Context
Mediterranean landscapes are composed of different interacting vegetation patches. Pine and oak ecosystems form contiguous patches within these landscapes, in pure stands, or as mixed pine?Coak ecosystems. During the nineteenth century, pine forest distribution in the Mediterranean Basin increased dramatically as a result of large-scale re-forestation and spontaneous forest regeneration. At the same time, secondary succession of abandoned agricultural land allowed development of pine and oak ecosystems. Consequently, a pine?Coak mosaic has developed, which created opportunities for cross-colonization, i.e. species colonization from one ecosystem in the reciprocal system. Pines shed their wind-dispersed seeds and colonize Mediterranean oak vegetation. Oaks regenerate in different ecosystems, including pine forest understories.Research question
This paper reviews fire-free landscape-scale dynamics of pine?Coak Mediterranean mosaics and analyze how landscape-scale interactions are leading to pine?Coak ecosystems by different processes.Results
Published information from the Mediterranean Basin illustrates pathways of pine?Coak ecosystems formation. Using Mediterranean literature, I try to elucidate the factors that (1) control colonization potential and (2) modulate the resistance to colonization, in different habitats, land uses, and landscape settings.Conclusion
Management implications for these mixed pine?Coak ecosystems are suggested. The question of whether they are novel ecosystems is discussed. 相似文献20.
Interception loss, throughfall and stemflow chemistry in pine and oak forests in northeastern Mexico
Interception loss, gross precipitation, throughfall and stemflow solution chemistry beneath pine (Pinus pseudostrobus Lindl.), oak (Quercus sp.) and pine-oak natural forest canopies in northeastern Mexico were measured. Coefficients of variation for throughfall were 12% in pine and oak canopies and 17% in the mixed pine-oak canopy. The variability of stemflow averaged 66, 126 and 73% for pine, oak and the mixed pine-oak canopies, respectively. Linear regression analysis of net versus gross precipitation for the three canopies showed highly significant correlations (r = 0.974-0.984). Total precipitation during the experimental period was 974 mm and estimated interception loss was 19.2, 13.6 and 23% for the pine, oak and pine-oak canopies, respectively. Stemflow did not occur following rainfall events of less than 4 mm and, in all canopies, stemflow represented a minimal proportion of gross precipitation (0.60, 0.50 and 0.03% for pine, oak and pine-oak, respectively). Throughfall pH in pine (6.2), oak (6.3) and pine-oak (6.3) canopies was significantly more acidic than gross precipitation (6.6). Stemflow pH ranged from 3.7 (pine) to 6.0 (oak). The pine-oak canopy registered the highest throughfall and stemflow electrical conductivities, 104 and 188 microS cm(-1), respectively. Net nutrient leaching of K, Mg, Na, Fe, Mn and Zn was significantly higher from the pine-oak canopy than from the pure pine and oak canopies. Mean depositions of Ca and Cu in throughfall behaved similarly among the three types of canopies. A greater proportion of Zn in gross precipitation was absorbed by the oak canopy than by the pine and pine-oak canopies. Enrichment factors beneath the pine-oak canopy relative to gross precipitation varied from 1.2 to 3.2 for macro-nutrients (Ca, K, Mg and Na) and from 1.4 to 3.1 for micro-nutrients (Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn). Stemflow depositions of Ca, K, Mg and Cu were higher in the pine-oak canopy, whereas stemflow depositions of Na, Fe, Mn and Zn were higher in the pine canopy. 相似文献