共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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In mammals, the central circadian pacemaker resides in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), but circadian oscillators also exist in peripheral tissues. Here, using wild-type and cryptochrome (mCry)-deficient cell lines derived from mCry mutant mice, we show that the peripheral oscillator in cultured fibroblasts is identical to the oscillator in the SCN in (i) temporal expression profiles of all known clock genes, (ii) the phase of the various mRNA rhythms (i.e., antiphase oscillation of Bmal1 and mPer genes), (iii) the delay between maximum mRNA levels and appearance of nuclear mPER1 and mPER2 protein, (iv) the inability to produce oscillations in the absence of functional mCry genes, and (v) the control of period length by mCRY proteins. 相似文献
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Matsuo T Yamaguchi S Mitsui S Emi A Shimoda F Okamura H 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,302(5643):255-259
Cell division in many mammalian tissues is associated with specific times of day, but just how the circadian clock controls this timing has not been clear. Here, we show in the regenerating liver (of mice) that the circadian clock controls the expression of cell cycle-related genes that in turn modulate the expression of active Cyclin B1-Cdc2 kinase, a key regulator of mitosis. Among these genes, expression of wee1 was directly regulated by the molecular components of the circadian clockwork. In contrast, the circadian clockwork oscillated independently of the cell cycle in single cells. Thus, the intracellular circadian clockwork can control the cell-division cycle directly and unidirectionally in proliferating cells. 相似文献
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Reciprocal regulation between TOC1 and LHY/CCA1 within the Arabidopsis circadian clock 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Alabadí D Oyama T Yanovsky MJ Harmon FG Más P Kay SA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2001,293(5531):880-883
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Nuclear receptor Rev-erbalpha is a critical lithium-sensitive component of the circadian clock 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Lithium is commonly used to treat bipolar disorder, which is associated with altered circadian rhythm. Lithium is a potent inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3), which regulates circadian rhythm in several organisms. In experiments with cultured cells, we show here that GSK3beta phosphorylates and stabilizes the orphan nuclear receptor Rev-erbalpha, a negative component of the circadian clock. Lithium treatment of cells leads to rapid proteasomal degradation of Rev-erbalpha and activation of clock gene Bmal1. A form of Rev-erbalpha that is insensitive to lithium interferes with the expression of circadian genes. Control of Rev-erbalpha protein stability is thus a critical component of the peripheral clock and a biological target of lithium therapy. 相似文献
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生物体内源性的昼夜节律使其能够预测周边环境周期性的变化,使机体的内在代谢和周边环境保持一致。在禽类卵泡的成熟、排卵和蛋的形成过程中,不同生理进程在时间上的吻合显示了机体自身以及机体与环境之间的协调统一。动物对营养物质的摄入、内分泌激素的生成、能量代谢等一系列的行为和生理过程都有生物钟参与调控。文章从光照和营养两种因素入手,综述了生物钟在神经内分泌、能量摄入和能量代谢中的调控作用,揭示了蛋鸡的排卵和产蛋机制。1.光信号通过调控生物钟影响下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴(HPG轴),从而调控机体的繁殖活动。在光信号刺激下,位于禽类视交叉上核(SCN)和松果体的中枢生物钟作用于下丘脑,使下丘脑定时性释放促性腺激素释放激素(Gn RH)和促性腺激素抑制激素(Gn IH),Gn RH和Gn IH继而作用于垂体调节释放促性腺激素-促黄体生成素(LH)和促卵泡激素(FSH),卵巢中存在的外周生物钟接受中枢的同步化信号来维持生物节律,促使禽类的卵泡成熟和定时排卵;2.除了受到HPG的神经内分泌调控之外,蛋鸡的排卵-产蛋过程还受到机体能量代谢的影响。中枢和外周的生物钟基因能够调控食欲调节系统,从而影响能量摄入;生物钟能够通过调控代谢过程中重要限速酶的表达、整合核受体和营养信号蛋白、调节代谢感受器和代谢物、影响肠道微生物等途径来调节能量代谢,影响卵黄前体物质的合成、转运和沉积;禽类松果体分泌的褪黑素可通过介导降钙素、甲状旁腺素(PTH)及雌激素分泌,节律性地调节体内钙代谢,影响蛋壳的形成。能量摄入的时间和行为、机体能量代谢和能量状态也可以通过腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMPK)、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α(PPARα)等一些与食欲调控和能量代谢相关的细胞因子反过来调控生物钟。营养-生物钟-能量代谢三者之间相互作用,使生物体适应环境的能力增强,能量利用达到最优。因此,通过调整进食时间和食物组分(如饲料能量水平和钙水平),能够改变能量代谢从而调节生物钟的功能。将环境(光照管理)和营养(饲喂时间、饲料配方)综合研究并加以运用,使机体生物钟成为连接外部环境信号和内部能量代谢的纽带,既能响应外界环境刺激,又能同时调控机体能量代谢进程,从而使各项生理功能得到更好地发挥,这将为蛋鸡的产蛋调控机制研究提供新的视角。 相似文献
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[目的]为进一步研究家蚕生物钟基因的功能提供依据。[方法]从家蚕品种p50未受精卵提取总RNA,利用快速扩增cDNA末端(RACE)技术克隆家蚕生物钟基因Bmtim2cDNA序列。最后运用实时定量RT-PCR对该基因在家蚕不同发育时期的表达情况进行初步分析。[结果]利用RACE扩增,获得长度为1867bp、包括完整3'非翻译区的家蚕生物钟基因timeless2(Bmtim2)cDNA序列。经推导,获得该基因序列编码的584个氨基酸残基的蛋白质序列。该蛋白序列具有TIM蛋白的C末端保守区,与黑腹果蝇、尖音库蚊的TIM2基因具有近缘进化关系。Bmtim2基因在家蚕生活周期各时点均有表达。[结论]该结果对研究Bmtim2基因在家蚕发育过程的时空表达差异及其与日周节律的关系具有参考价值。 相似文献
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Huang W Pérez-García P Pokhilko A Millar AJ Antoshechkin I Riechmann JL Mas P 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,336(6077):75-79
In many organisms, the circadian clock is composed of functionally coupled morning and evening oscillators. In Arabidopsis, oscillator coupling relies on a core loop in which the evening oscillator component TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1 (TOC1) was proposed to activate a subset of morning-expressed oscillator genes. Here, we show that TOC1 does not function as an activator but rather as a general repressor of oscillator gene expression. Repression occurs through TOC1 rhythmic association to the promoters of the oscillator genes. Hormone-dependent induction of TOC1 and analysis of RNA interference plants show that TOC1 prevents the activation of morning-expressed genes at night. Our study overturns the prevailing model of the Arabidopsis circadian clock, showing that the morning and evening oscillator loops are connected through the repressing activity of TOC1. 相似文献
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Egloff S O'Reilly D Chapman RD Taylor A Tanzhaus K Pitts L Eick D Murphy S 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,318(5857):1777-1779
RNA polymerase II (Pol II) transcribes genes that encode proteins and noncoding small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). The carboxyl-terminal repeat domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of mammalian RNA Pol II, comprising tandem repeats of the heptapeptide consensus Tyr1-Ser2-Pro3-Thr4-Ser5-Pro6-Ser7, is required for expression of both gene types. We show that mutation of serine-7 to alanine causes a specific defect in snRNA gene expression. We also present evidence that phosphorylation of serine-7 facilitates interaction with the snRNA gene-specific Integrator complex. These findings assign a biological function to this amino acid and highlight a gene type-specific requirement for a residue within the CTD heptapeptide, supporting the existence of a CTD code. 相似文献
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Harmer SL Hogenesch JB Straume M Chang HS Han B Zhu T Wang X Kreps JA Kay SA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2000,290(5499):2110-2113
Like most organisms, plants have endogenous biological clocks that coordinate internal events with the external environment. We used high-density oligonucleotide microarrays to examine gene expression in Arabidopsis and found that 6% of the more than 8000 genes on the array exhibited circadian changes in steady-state messenger RNA levels. Clusters of circadian-regulated genes were found in pathways involved in plant responses to light and other key metabolic pathways. Computational analysis of cycling genes allowed the identification of a highly conserved promoter motif that we found to be required for circadian control of gene expression. Our study presents a comprehensive view of the temporal compartmentalization of physiological pathways by the circadian clock in a eukaryote. 相似文献
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Oscillatory expression of the bHLH factor Hes1 regulated by a negative feedback loop 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Hirata H Yoshiura S Ohtsuka T Bessho Y Harada T Yoshikawa K Kageyama R 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,298(5594):840-843
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甜菜夜蛾生物钟基因Per和Tim的分子克隆及昼夜表达动态 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对重要农业害虫甜菜夜蛾,通过序列相似性分析从转录组数据获得2个生物钟基因片段,利用RACE技术进一步克隆了cDNA全序列,分别命名为SexiPer和SexiTim。2个基因编码的氨基酸序列和已报道的昆虫同源序列具有较高的相似性,其中SexiPer和海灰翅夜蛾、甘蓝夜蛾的相似性最高,分别为71%和52%;SexiTim和家蚕、柞蚕的相似性最高,分别为65%和52%。进化分析表明,Per基因的氨基酸序列相似性与昆虫间的亲缘关系非常一致,但Tim基因不太一致。进一步利用qRT-PCR技术,对雄蛾触角中2个基因的昼夜表达动态进行了测定,发现2个基因表达量的变化同步,均在光期前期较低,光期后期开始升高,至光期末期达到最高,并在整个暗期保持较高水平。研究认为,甜菜夜蛾触角中可能存在着生物钟,用于调控性信息素通讯的昼夜节律。 相似文献
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【目的】研究持续黑暗下给予樱桃谷肉鸭不同强度的瞬时光照,对下丘脑、间脑、垂体和中脑中c-fos基因及相关生物钟基因的表达及血浆和肝脏中褪黑激素含量的影响。【方法】选用144只健康且体重接近的1日龄樱桃谷肉鸭饲养至21日龄,22日龄时随机分为2组,每组6个重复,持续黑暗7 d,期间自由采食和饮水,分别采用10 Lx和80 Lx的LED白光刺激1.5 h,暗适应1.5 h后立即从每个重复选取1只接近平均体重的肉鸭,检测下丘脑、间脑、垂体和中脑c-fos和生物钟基因的表达量,检测血浆和肝脏褪黑激素含量。【结果】10 Lx组的下丘脑和中脑c-fos表达量显著高于80 Lx光照组（P＜0.05）,间脑中c-fos的表达量显著低于80 Lx光照组（P＜0.05）,两组垂体组织中c-fos表达无显著影响（P＞0.05）。与80 Lx组相比,10 Lx组下丘脑生物钟基因Bmal1、Bmal2、Clock和Per2表达量均显著提高（P＜0.05）,Cry1表达量也有提高的趋势。10 Lx组间脑Bmal1的表达量显著提高（P＜0.05）,Bmal2、Clock、Per2和Cry1的表达量无显著差异（P＞0.05）。10 Lx组中脑Clock和Per2的表达量显著高于80 Lx组（P＜0.05）,两组Bmal1、Bmal2和Cry1表达无显著影响（P＞0.05）。不同强度的瞬时光照对垂体中生物钟基因的表达无显著影响（P＞0.05）。与80 Lx组相比,10 Lx组肉鸭血浆中褪黑激素含量显著降低（P＜0.05）,肝脏中褪黑激素含量显著升高（P＜0.05）。【结论】持续黑暗下,短暂高光强刺激可抑制下丘脑和中脑c-fos的表达,而提高间脑c-fos基因的表达,同时减弱了肉鸭下丘脑和间脑生物钟基因表达的振幅。 相似文献
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Circadian rhythm of redox state regulates excitability in suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
TA Wang YV Yu G Govindaiah X Ye L Artinian TP Coleman JV Sweedler CL Cox MU Gillette 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,337(6096):839-842
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The clock gene period-4 (prd-4) in Neurospora was identified by a single allele displaying shortened circadian period and altered temperature compensation. Positional cloning followed by functional tests show that PRD-4 is an ortholog of mammalian checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2). Expression of prd-4 is regulated by the circadian clock and, reciprocally, PRD-4 physically interacts with the clock component FRQ, promoting its phosphorylation. DNA-damaging agents can reset the clock in a manner that depends on time of day, and this resetting is dependent on PRD-4. Thus, prd-4, the Neurospora Chk2, identifies a molecular link that feeds back conditionally from circadian output to input and the cell cycle. 相似文献