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1.
1987年在哈尔滨从大豆叶毒蛾(Orgyia antiqua L.)感病致死幼虫体中分离出核型多角体病毒OaNPV一株。选1龄和3龄大豆叶毒蛾幼虫作试虫,分别用5个病毒剂量或浓度,采用定量滴叶法进行毒力测定。对应用感染剂量和感染浓度二种计量方法进行分析和比较。1龄幼虫感染剂量或浓度与死亡率回归直线方程分别为y_1=4.94+0.67x_1和Y_1=3.58+0.67X_1致死中量(LD_(50))为1.2PIB/虫,致死中浓度(LC_(50))为1.4×10~2PIB/ml;3龄幼虫感染剂量或浓度与死亡率回归直线方程分别为y_3=3.80+0.49x_3和Y_3=3.01+0.49X_3,致死中量为2.6×10~2PIB/虫,致死中浓度为1.1×10~4PIB/ml。以1.026×10~2、1.026×10~4、1.026×10~5PIB/ml病毒分别处理1龄幼虫所得致死中时(LT_(50))分别为8.9、5.7和4.5天;以1.026×10~2、1.026×10~4和1.026×10~6PIB/ml病毒分别处理3龄幼虫所得致死中时分别为9.4、8.4和4.9天。结果看出OaNPV对大豆叶毒蛾的毒力较高,对用于该虫防治实践具有潜力。  相似文献   

2.
在室内 ,用 Bt肯尼亚变种乳剂 10 0、2 0 0倍液 ,处理抗性棉铃虫 1~ 3龄及 5龄幼虫 ,96小时调查 ,1~ 3龄幼虫死亡率均为 10 0 % ;5龄幼虫死亡率分别为 86.6%和 73.3%。 1994年 ,在三代棉铃虫发生较重的情况下 ,大面积采用 Bt肯尼亚变种乳剂 10 0倍液喷雾防治 ,虫口减退率为 81.0 %~ 92 .3% ,控制了棉铃虫为害 ,并使生防田内天敌量较化防田高 3.5~ 6.0倍  相似文献   

3.
2003~2007年棉花育种目标   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
区 域  类型    纤维品质     抗病性 长度/ m m比强度/ c N· tex-1麦克隆值枯萎病指黄萎病指增产/ % 备 注黄河流域杂交棉中短绒 2 5~ 2 7≥ 2 64.2~ 5.2 <10 <2 515中绒 2 8~ 3 0≥ 3 0 3 .8~ 4.9<10 <2 510中长绒≥ 3 1≥ 3 4 3 .6~ 4.3 <10 <2 55常规棉中短绒 2 5~ 2 7≥ 2 64.2~ 5.3 <10 <2 510中绒 2 8~ 3 0≥ 3 0 3 .8~ 4.9<10 <2 58中长绒≥ 3 1≥ 3 4 3 .6~ 4.3 <10 <2 50长江流域杂交棉中短绒 2 5~ 2 7≥ 2 74.5~ 5.3 <10 <3 0 15中绒 2 8~ 3 0≥ 3 14 .2~ 5.0 <10 <3 0 10中长绒≥ 3 1≥ 3 53 .8…  相似文献   

4.
试验在湖北农学院教学实习场进行。棉花品种为鄂抗棉 6号 ,试验设 5个处理 :( 1 ) 50 %甲·辛乳油 1 50 0倍 ;( 2 )华农 1号 1 0 0 0倍 ;( 3)家福灵 1 0 0 0倍 ;( 4 ) 2 5%棉铃清乳油 2 0 0 0倍 (对照药剂 ) ;( 5)清水对照。随机区组排列 ,4次重复 ,小区面积 2 2 .5m2 。试验选择在四代棉铃虫卵孵高峰期进行。每小区取样 2 5株 ,施药前调查记载棉铃虫的幼虫数和卵量 ,药后 3天调查残存幼虫数和卵量。药后 7天只调查残存幼虫数。以药后虫口减退率计算校正防效 ,对防校进行方差分析 ,多重比较用 q测验法。1 药后 3天防效表 1  4种杀虫剂防治…  相似文献   

5.
甜菜白带螟在陕西关中地区对甜菜危害十分严重,可使根减产30%~40%,降低含糖2~3度;甜菜白带螟1年发生4代,且世代重叠,成虫生活期约5~10天,卵期2~10天,幼虫有4龄,历期9~16天,蛹期7~20天;该虫的发生与危害程度与8~9月份平均气温密切相关;试验表明,乙酰甲胺磷与杀虫双对该虫有相同的防效,在其2~3龄期施用(50~100mL/亩)可取得满意的防治效果。  相似文献   

6.
为明确黑带食蚜蝇对茶蚜的捕食能力,研究了黑带食蚜蝇各龄幼虫对3~4龄茶蚜的捕食功能反应、寻找效应及整个幼虫阶段的日捕食量变化趋势.结果表明,黑带食蚜蝇各龄幼虫对3~4龄茶蚜的捕食功能均符合HollingⅡ型功能反应模型,其捕食能力随幼虫龄期的变大而增强,1~3龄幼虫的日最大捕食量分别为28.49头、93.46头和200.00头;随3~4龄茶蚜密度的上升,黑带食蚜蝇各龄幼虫的寻找效应逐渐下降,二者呈线性相关,相关系数为0.9842~0.9960,其中1龄幼虫寻找效应的下降趋势最大,3龄幼虫最小;黑带食蚜蝇幼虫对茶蚜的每日取食量随发育呈现先增加后减少的变化趋势,3龄幼虫总捕食量占整个幼虫总捕食量的73.5%,平均可取食410.9头茶蚜.试验结果可为黑带食蚜蝇应用于茶蚜生物防治提供依据.  相似文献   

7.
金龟子绿僵菌对红棕象甲的室内致病力测定   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在室内用喷雾法测定13株绿僵菌对红棕象甲的致病力。结果表明,菌株致病力强弱与菌株种类有密切关系,菌株的浓度与累计死亡率成线性关系。菌株对红棕象甲的致病力由强到弱的顺序为:Red2>Red3>Gre1>Yx7>Yx4>Gre3>Red1>Yx1>Gre2>Yx6>Gre4>Gre5>Yx3。接种Red2菌株在孢子浓度为1.0×108个/mL水悬浮剂情况下,对4龄红棕象甲幼虫的LT50为5.23 d。用不同浓度的Red2菌株的孢子油悬浮剂涂抹法接种4龄幼虫,发现其LC50为7.32×106个/mL。另外,经试  相似文献   

8.
早熟马铃薯复种高产高效栽培技术   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
曙光农场位于黑龙江省桦南县境内 ,地理位置为北纬 4 6°13′~ 4 6°2 3′ ,东经 130°17′~ 130°39′ ,处于松花江下游完达山余脉延续地带 ,海拔 10 8~2 4 0m ,按常规种植方式 ,只能一年一季 ,为了打破这种生产栽培模式 ,2 0 0 1~ 2 0 0 2年 ,我场引入 4个早熟马铃薯品种。试验表明 ,中薯 1号表现商品性较好 ,以它为前茬 ,进行复种或移栽蔬菜 ,取得了可观的经济效益。1 试验材料与方法供试材料 :东农 30 3、中薯 1号、鲁引 1号、早大白。表 1 马铃薯品种产量比较品种 播期(日 /月 )出苗(日 /月 )大薯率(%)前期产量7月 10日(kg/ 6 6 …  相似文献   

9.
北疆棉区位于北纬 44°3 0′~45°,东起五家渠 ,西至伊犁河谷的霍尔果斯。棉花主要分布在玛纳斯河流域、奎屯河流域、博尔塔拉河下游和伊犁河下游谷地。海拔在3 0 0~ 450 m左右 ;全年≥ 1 0℃的积温 3 4 50~ 3 6 0 0℃左右 ,最热月平均气温为 2 5℃以上 ,无霜期 1 6 0天左右 ,降雨量 1 0 0~ 2 0 0 mm,总日照时数 2 6 0 0小时左右 ;春季气温回升慢 ,常有倒春寒天气 ,终霜结束较晚 ,秋季降温快。近几年北疆棉区种植面积已达 3 3 .3万多公顷 ,占全疆棉花面积的 3 0 %以上。许多县 (团场 )棉花每公顷单产超1 50 0 kg。为了进一步提高棉花生…  相似文献   

10.
虱螨脲对棉铃虫的生物活性及应用研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
试验测定了虱螨脲对棉铃虫的室内生物活性和田闻防治效果。结果表明,虱螨脲具有较强的杀卵作用。在50mg/L浓度下。棉铃虫1日龄卵死亡率达到87.30%;对棉铃虫2~5龄幼虫具有较高的胃毒活性,其LC50分别为0.7434mg/L、1.9669mg/L、2.0592mg/L和2.6945mg/L。田间试验结果表明。在卵高峰期至初孵期用药,对棉铃虫有较高的防治效果,药后7d.用50g/L虱螨脲EC450mL/hm2、600mL/hm2防治效果分剐为89.3%、90.2%。  相似文献   

11.
茶尺蠖核型多角体病毒(Ectropis obliqua nuclear polyhedrosis virus,简称 EONPV)的两种制剂 EONPV 2H_2 的 Lc_(50)为2.5×10~4 PIB/m1、EONPV 2H_4的Lc_(50)为2×10~4 PIB/ml,以1×10~7 PIB/ml的 EONPV 2H_2感染寄主3龄虫的 Lt_(50)为5.5天,EONPV 2H_4 的 Lt_(50)为5.7天。两制剂均有一定的防紫外光能力,对寄主的致病性强,室内试验校正死亡率都在96%以上,  相似文献   

12.
The effect of one entomopathogenic virus (PxGV) was studied on cabbage moth Plutella xylostella with hope to find management strategies of this insect, based on biological control. Bioassay showed that, this virus has high virulence and can be considered as the important agents on the control of this insect. The LC50 value of PxGV for second instar larvae of cabbage moth was calculated 448.58 g mm(-2). The LT50 values for the same larvae with 749.89 and 1883.65 g mm(-2) doses of PxGV were 6.04 and 6.85 days, respectively.  相似文献   

13.
芒果毒蛾生物学特性研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
通过室内饲养观察,测定室温下芒果毒蛾的发育历期,各龄幼虫的体长,各龄幼虫头壳宽度,成虫性比,雌虫产卵量;测定不同温度下,芒果毒蛾各虫态的发育历期,发育起点温度和有效积温等特性,研究结果表明;芒果毒蛾的发育历期为65.5d,雌幼虫的体长变化为0.3-4.5cm,头壳宽度变化为0.72-4.58mm;雄幼虫的体长变化为0.3-3.46cm,头壳宽度变化为0.7-3.62mm;成虫雌雄比为1:1.5;雌虫产卵量为300粒左右,世代发育起点温度为12.73℃,有效积温为715.22日度。  相似文献   

14.
This study was carried out to determine the lethal effect of the entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassaina Vuell. on eggs, young and old nymphs of the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Genn. Mortality percentage was significantly differed based on stage of B. tabaci and conidial concentrations of B. bassina. Average of the infection level to insect was very low particularly in eggs with only 4.49%, even with higher conidial concentrations (6 x 10(6) conidia mL(-1)). Whereas, it was higher with 1st and 2nd instars (42.045%) and 3rd and 4th instars (35.93%). Three parameters was assessed with B. tabaci eggs, namely; egg infection, egg hatchability and crawlers emergence. Egg mortality percentages averaged 1.2, 4.27 and 8.0% with fungal concentration 2 x 10(6), 4 x 10(6) and 6 x 10(6) conidia mL(-1), respectively. Daily infection percentages were varied depend upon the conidial concentration where the highest infection rate of eggs was occurred with 6 x 10(6), followed by 4 x 10(6) conidia mL(-1). Egg hatch was very high, while the mortality among the emerged crawlers was neglectable compared with the check. Efficiency of B. bassaina on whitefly nymphs also was varied based on the insect instar and fungal concentration. Mortality percentages were obviously higher to young nymphs (1st and 2nd instars) than to older ones (3rd and 4th instars). The results indicated that nymphs were highly susceptible to fungal treatment compared with eggs. Additionally, pathogenicity and virulence of B. bassaina against B. tabaci immatures was not indicated by LC50 only, but also, by the time in days (LT50) required to achieve 50% mortality of an insect.  相似文献   

15.
茶皂素对雷公藤乳油防治茶尺蠖幼虫的增效作用   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
测定了茶皂素对雷公藤乳油防治茶尺蠖幼虫的增效作用。结果表明,用1、2、4mg/ml茶皂素浸叶处理,对茶尺蠖2龄幼虫的毒杀作用不明显,第7天的毒杀效果只有27.03%~37.84%。用雷公藤乳油0.8、1.6、3.2、6.4mg/ml和12.8mg/ml浸叶处理,对茶尺蠖2龄幼虫的毒杀效果在第7天分别为27.27%、33.78%、40.54%、56.76%和63.51%。在0.8mg/ml浓度的雷公藤乳油中加入4mg/ml的茶皂素,对茶尺蠖幼虫的毒杀作用(84.42%)显著高于加1mg/ml茶皂素的毒杀效果(68.83%);而加入2mg/ml和4mg/ml的防效差异不显著。向不同浓度的雷公藤乳油中加入2mg/ml茶皂素,对茶尺蠖2龄幼虫的共毒系数在第1、3、5、7天分别为667.68、981.61、1706.15和1209.76,即增效5.68~11.10倍,达到相同的使用效果可减少雷公藤用量85%以上。对茶尺蠖4龄幼虫增效1.00~6.91倍,减少雷公藤用量50%以上。  相似文献   

16.
茶园用药安全性指标的设计   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
根据20余种化学农药在茶树上降解动态的研究结果,提出了茶园用药安全性指标设计的概念。从农药被喷施在茶树上到随茶汤进入人体整个过程,在影响人体安全的因素中,作者选用了农药的5个物理、化学和生物学参数作为选择农药在茶园中适用性的安全性指标,也可供有针对性地合成农药结构设计时参考。上述5项指标中有4项属农药常用参数。这5项指标是:①在茶树鲜叶上的半衰期;③蒸气压;⑧水中溶解度;④允许每日摄入量(ADI);⑤大白鼠口服急性 LD_(50)。每项指标分为4级,其累计值即为该农药的安全性评价值。累计值低于或等于10属  相似文献   

17.
The aim of this paper was to compare different field, laboratory and physiological methods for the evaluation of frost tolerance in barley; as well as to show both the possibilities and limitations of these individual methods and approaches. The tolerances of 39 barley cultivars and breeding lines were evaluated by four direct methods (based on the exposure of plants to frost) and three indirect (based on diagnostic traits and markers). The direct methods included the evaluation of: (1) field survival after five winters 1999–2004; (2) winter survival in a provocation pot test under natural conditions; (3) lethal temperature (LT50) of plants taken from a field in winter; and (4) LT50 of plants grown and hardened in a growth chamber. The indirect methods were based upon: (1) endogenous levels of abscisic acid (ABA); (2) water content (WC); (3) osmotic potential (OP) of the plants cultivated and hardened in growth chambers. All four direct methods correlated well with one another, and resulted in similar sequences of frost tolerance of the tested barley cultivars and lines. While it was only possible to distinguish individual barley cultivars based on field survival after the 2002/2003 winter, by using the provocation method it was possible to distinguish between barley cultivars after all of the winters. Moreover, the average winter survival of barley from multi-year pot tests was in correlation with the minimal LT50, evaluated in plants hardened in both the field or in growth chambers. From indirect indicators, the levels of ABA increased slightly, while WC and OP clearly decreased in all cultivars during cold hardening. No correlation was observed between LT50 and the ABA content. A significant correlation between LT50 and WC, and between LT50 and OP was found, but only after 1 or more weeks of cold acclimation of the plants had been completed, since both the duration and the rate of decline of these parameters differed in individual cultivars during the cold hardening. The LT50-values of barley cultivars not only accurately characterized their field tolerance to frost, but also were indicative of changes associated with the induction of frost tolerance in plants under the given conditions, when comparing the direct and indirect methods.  相似文献   

18.
荔枝叶瘿蚊的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
荔枝叶瘿蚊(Mayetiola sp)是国内首次报导的荔枝新害虫。在广州一年发生6代,以幼虫在被害叶上越冬。蛹期11—14天,成虫寿命1—2天,卵期2—4天,幼虫期14—39天。越冬幼虫期可达240余天。成虫产卵于嫩叶背面,幼虫孵出后侵入叶肉并发育形成疱状突起的虫瘿,通常一叶多瘿。幼虫老熟后离瘿入土化蛹,大多数是被蛹,但也有围蛹。本文描述了各期虫态的形态特征。温湿度及荔枝品种对叶瘿蚊种群数量影响极大,“三月红”对其幼虫有高度的生理抗性。目前已发现5种瘿内幼虫的寄生蜂。每年春天,于越冬幼虫离瘿入土或成虫羽化出土前用辛硫磷进行土表施药,对压低第一代虫口密度效果显著;氧化乐果或喹硫磷、杀虫双、杀虫单、敌杀死等与敌百虫混合喷雾对卵及初孵幼虫均有明显的防效。  相似文献   

19.
灭幼脲类对茶黑毒蛾卵和幼虫的生物活性及防治效果   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
戴轩 《茶叶科学》1993,13(1):31-36
灭幼脲是一类人工合成的昆虫生长调节剂,经对茶黑毒蛾卵和幼虫生物活性的研究,结果表明,灭幼脲Ⅰ、Ⅲ号浸渍卵块能够显著降低其孵化率;饲喂幼虫可使其存活率降低98.7%—100%;而低浓度则可明显延长5龄幼虫的历期。田间试验结果表明,250g/hm~2灭幼脲类的防效达97%—100%,且对人、畜及茶园天敌安全。  相似文献   

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