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银杏酸单体制备及其抗菌活性 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以银杏外种皮为原料,石油醚回流提取得粗提物,经硅胶柱色谱分离、纯化得银杏酸(GA)混合物,再经制备色谱柱多次分离,反复制备得到6种单体:银杏酸C13:0、C15:1、C17:2、C15:0、C17:1和一种未知新化合物,各单体纯度都达95%以上,可作为银杏产品中有毒成分银杏酸定量分析的对照品,初步鉴定该未知物是一种新的银杏酸。测定了粗提物、银杏酸混合物及3种不同单体对17种植物病原菌的抗菌活性。结果表明,银杏酸是银杏外种皮中抗菌活性成分之一,不同银杏酸单体的抗菌活性存在差异,C13:0的抗菌活性显著高于C15:1和C17:1的活性,C15:1的活性高于C17:1银杏酸的抗菌活性与其化学结构中苯环上第六位取代基团有关。 相似文献
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银杏酚酸类物质防治农业害虫的研究 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
银杏酚酸类物质即银杏酸、银杏酚和白果酚是从银杏(Ginkgo biloba L.)外种皮中分离得到的杀虫活性成分。利用银杏外种皮粗提物配制的生物农药,具有广谱防治农业害虫的作用。 相似文献
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银杏外种皮中银杏酚酸类物质防治农业害虫试验初报 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
从银杏外种皮中分离到的银杏酚酸类物质具有杀虫活性,利用银杏外种皮粗提物配制的生物农药,对多种蚜虫及蓟马、菜青虫等农业害虫具有防治作用。 相似文献
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银杏幼苗叶片转化酶活性及其动力学 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用波钦诺克XH法研究了田间和室内栽培的银杏幼苗叶片转化酶的活性及其动力学性质。结果表明:银杏幼苗叶片转化酶在pH值5.0、温度55℃时活性最强;该酶的米氏常数为3.7×10-2mol·L-1;室内盆栽的银杏幼苗叶片转化酶的活性显著高于田间栽培的同龄银杏幼苗叶片转化酶的活性。 相似文献
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银杏种子萌发生理的初步研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
研究银杏生理休眠对其播种繁殖具有重要意义,该项研究用常规方法测试了银杏种子萌发的五星生理指标及条件。结果表明:银杏种子的生理后熟,主要是促进胚继续生长,完成后熟的种子在萌芽前后,α-淀粉酶和过氧化氢酶的活性不断增强,用25℃恒温和硝酸钾(0.1M)处理,促进银杏种子萌发的效果显著。还证明,应用细胞分裂素,赤霉酸等处理种子,显著促进胚根生长,断胚根则能明显促进侧根生长。 相似文献
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Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba L.) is a multi-value deciduous tree species grown for the production of nuts, timber and foliage for medicinal products. Understanding
the ecological and biological basis for Ginkgo agroforestry systems is essential for the design of optimum Ginkgo-crop species
combinations. We established two greenhouse replacement series to examine interactions between Ginkgo and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.); and Ginkgo and broad bean (Vicia faba L.). The results showed that crop species were more competitive than Ginkgo at low Ginkgo density, but less competitive than
Ginkgo at high Ginkgo density. Ginkgo: wheat ratio 5:1 and Ginkgo: broad bean ratio 5:1 had relative yield total (RYT) and
relative land output (RLO) values of more than one and the largest total land output (TLO) values in respective mixtures.
Therefore, these two ratios might be considered optimum Ginkgo: crop ratio for enhancing the combined biomass of the Ginkgo
and crop in respective mixtures. Broad bean and wheat were more competitive than Ginkgo, which was less affected by wheat
than by broad bean. However, there were compensatory interactions between Ginkgo and wheat, and Ginkgo and broad bean. There
was significant belowground competition for soil N between Ginkgo and the two crop species in the Ginkgo/crop mixtures. The
two mixtures outperformed monocultures of the individual species when comparing the mixtures with the crop monoculture system. 相似文献
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Intercropping Ginkgo and crop species in southern China is receiving increasing attention because it offers potential advantages
for resource utilization, higher economic income to farmers and increased sustainability in crop production, We carried out
a 2-year field intercropping system composed of Ginkgo with wheat, broad bean, and rapeseed, respectively, to determine the
competitive interactions between the different species, and productivity and the economic yield of each intercropping system.
The density of Ginkgo and crop species was varied systematically in a two-way density matrix composed of three monoculture
densities and nine intercropping of all possible pairwise combinations of monoculture densities. Intercropping systems were
assessed on the basis of several intercropping indices such as land equivalent ratio, relative crowding coefficient, relative
competition intensity and vector competition analysis. The results showed that the combined biomass production of the component
crop species was significantly greater in the Ginkgo/crop mixtures than in monocultures crops (Ginkgo, broad bean, wheat,
and rapeseed). Ginkgo: rapeseed ratio 24:12, Ginkgo: bread bean ratio 24:5, and Ginkgo: wheat ratio 24:200 had the best total
biomass production. Ginkgo: rapeseed (and broad bean) ratio 24:5 and Ginkgo: wheat ratio 24:200 in respective Ginkgo/crop
mixtures had the maximum economic yield. Vector competition analysis showed that Ginkgo/rapeseed mixture exhibited an antagonistic
interaction type and therefore is not suitable for intercropping. Ginkgo/broad bean mixture demonstrated the most beneficial
effects among the three intercropping systems. 相似文献
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黑银杏优良无性系选育研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在对全县银杏种质资源普查的基础上,通过初选、复选和高接栽培对比试验,从297株雌银杏古树中发现并选育出了两个具有药用价值高、结实早、丰产稳产、抗逆性强等特点的黑银杏优良无性系———中银黑1号和中银黑2号。黑银杏种仁中总黄酮含量09mg/kg,叶片中总黄酮含量85g/kg,分别比普通银杏高50%和417%。文中还介绍了黑银杏的优良经济性状、生物学特性和生态学特性。 相似文献
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银杏(Ginkgo biloba)是特产于中国的孑遗树种,属国家重点保护植物.全国各地有大量银杏古树群存在.众多学者(向应海等,1997;1998;1999;2000;向准等,2001;周亚林等,1998;苏金乐等,1996;林协等,2004;韩维亚等,1994)对浙江省西天目山古银杏群落、湖北随州古银杏群落、贵州古银杏群落、重庆南川金佛山银杏群落等做过调查,并考证其原生性.河南西部伏牛山区古银杏群分布集中,树体硕大,枝叶茂盛,蔚为壮观,且多处于野生或半野生状态.对其进行调查研究,探讨其原生性,望为银杏的起源、分布、保护以及进化研究提供理论依据. 相似文献
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从关中西部的自然条件和银杏经济效益方面阐明了发展银杏的可行性,分析了关中西部目前银杏产业发展存在的问题,从产业管理和丰产技术两方面论述银杏产业发展的对策。 相似文献
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为了研究银杏在城市园林何种绿地上生长最佳,试验对合肥市生产绿地、公园绿地、防护绿地、附属绿地4种绿地上的银杏,进行光合作用生理特性日变化的测定。比较了这4种绿地上银杏的净光合速率、蒸腾速率和水分利用效率等生理生态指标。结果表明:公园绿地上银杏的净光合速率均值最大4.265μmolCO2/m2.s;其次是附属绿地上为2.6907μmol CO2/m2.s和生产绿地上为2.6507μmol CO2/m2.s;防护绿地上银杏的净光合速率均值最低为1.9317μmol CO2/m2.s;各个绿地上银杏水分利用效率特性有同其净光合速率的变化趋势。从光合作用角度得出,银杏在公园绿地上应用为最佳,其次是附属绿地和生产绿地上应用的,较差的是防护绿地上应用的。 相似文献
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