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1菜青虫生物防治可用苏云金杆菌乳剂等,每亩(667平方米)用原药100克,以800倍液喷雾,防治效果可达80%以上,或用杀螟杆菌菌粉300~500倍液喷雾杀幼虫。上述药剂若再加入0.1%洗衣粉喷雾效果更好。利用仿生农药灭幼脲素,如20%灭幼脲1号悬浮 相似文献
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为防治柑桔锈壁虱提供高效药剂,开展了3种新型药剂效防治柑桔锈壁虱田间药效试验。结果表明,15%唑虫酰胺悬浮剂3000～5000倍液、500克/升氟啶胺悬浮剂1000～2000倍液、5%阿维菌素?虱螨脲乳油4000～6000倍液对柑桔锈壁虱防治效果较好,药后1～28天防效在96%以上,速效性好,持效期长。与生产常用药剂1.8%阿维菌素乳油3000倍液比较,各处理与对照药剂之间防效没有显著性差异。试验剂量范围内未发现药剂对柑桔产生药害,也未发现对天敌产生不利影响,可以在柑桔上推广应用。 相似文献
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选取新型杀虫剂18%四唑虫酰胺悬浮剂和当前常用药剂25克/升溴氰菊酯乳油、1.8%阿维菌素乳油于2018年在广东省农业科学院白云试验基地柑橘园和2019年在广州市南沙区东涌镇柑橘园对潜叶蛾进行了田间防效试验。结果表明：18%四唑虫酰胺悬浮剂10000~20000倍液对柑橘潜叶蛾药后10 d的杀虫效果为82.81%~93.13%,药后14 d的保梢效果为76.87%~89.26%;对照药剂25克/升溴氰菊酯乳油1000倍液的杀虫效果和保梢效果均显著低于试验药剂各浓度的效果,1.8%阿维菌素乳油2000倍液的杀虫效果和保梢效果与试验药剂20000倍液的防效相当,但显著低于10000倍液和15000倍液的防效。18%四唑虫酰胺悬浮剂能够有效防治柑橘潜叶蛾,且对柑橘安全,对非靶标生物无明显影响。 相似文献
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为了研究类昆虫生长调节剂甲氧虫酰肼对家蚕的毒性,测定了甲氧虫酰肼和阿维菌素及其混合制剂对家蚕的急性经口食下毒性、熏蒸毒性、在桑树上的内吸传导毒性和残毒期。试验结果表明,3种农药对3龄起蚕的致死中浓度(LC50)分别为24%甲氧虫酰肼悬浮剂(SC)0.060 9 mg/L、1.8%阿维菌素水乳剂(EW)0.001 3 mg/L、10%阿维·甲氧虫酰肼悬浮剂(SC)0.007 8 mg/L(根据有效含量计算为阿维菌素0.001 6 mg/L·甲氧虫酰肼0.006 2 mg/L),3种药剂对家蚕的毒性等级均为剧毒级;10%阿维·甲氧虫酰肼SC 1 000倍液(100 mg/L)、24%甲氧虫酰肼SC 1 000倍液(240 mg/L)、1.8%阿维菌素EW 1 000倍液(18 mg/L)对家蚕均无熏蒸毒性;24%甲氧虫酰肼SC 3 000倍液(80 mg/L)、1.8%阿维菌素EW 1 500倍液(12 mg/L)和10%阿维·甲氧虫酰肼SC 1 000倍液(100 mg/L)在桑树上的残毒期均50 d;24%甲氧虫酰肼SC 3 000倍液(80 mg/L)、10%阿维·甲氧虫酰肼SC 1 000倍液(100 mg/L)均可通过内吸作用并传导到未喷药的桑叶上。建议桑园附近及养蚕区域避免使用此类农药。 相似文献
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脲类药剂被称为世界第4代无公害农药,已在全国27个省市推广应用,并出口朝鲜等周边国家。正广泛地用于农、林、果、茶、菜等多种作物上。灭幼脲类杀虫剂主要作用是抑制昆虫表皮的几丁质合成,使幼虫蜕不下皮而死。主要是胃毒作用,亦能侵入昆虫表皮和卵壳发生作用,无内吸作用。因此,以初龄幼虫期用药效果最好。应用时喷药必须均匀、周到。目前市场上的灭幼脲3号和杀铃脲都是悬浮剂,使用时先播匀瓶内药,用少量水稀释后,再加水至需要浓度,搅匀后喷用。对25％灭幼脲悬浮剂来说,一般喷1500倍液较好。灭幼脲类药剂不能与碱性物质混用;和一般酸性或中性药可随混随用,药效不降低。灭幼脲不宜与波尔多液混用(石灰多量式波尔多液一般呈碱性)。灭幼脲加入300倍尿素液会使雾滴细小,药剂挥发率降低25％～30％,雾滴沉积量增加1.4～3.1倍;植物性增效剂有使它增效、抑制 相似文献
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与化学农药相比 ,生物农药的残留普遍较低 ,有利于生产绿色水果、特别是AA级绿色水果。生物农药品种很多 ,特点不同 ,要有的放矢地选用。1 除虫脲 又名灭幼脲 1号。具有胃毒和触杀作用。作用机制为抑制昆虫表皮细胞几丁质合成 ,使幼虫不能正常蜕皮或变态而死亡 ,可用以防治柑桔锈壁虱、柑桔潜叶蛾、柑桔木虱等害虫 ,使用浓度为2 5 %除虫脲可湿性粉剂 2 5 0 0～ 30 0 0倍液。对人畜安全、对鸟、鱼、蜜蜂等无明显不良影响。与除虫脲相类似的还有灭幼脲 (灭幼脲 3号 )、氟苯脲 (农梦特 )、氟虫脲 (卡死克 )、杀铃脲 (杀虫隆 )、氟铃脲 (盖虫… 相似文献
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为了筛选有效的枸橘潜叶甲防治药剂,本文选用20%丁硫克百威乳油等20种常用化学药剂,在桂林地区的红江橙和柚树上进行了柑枸橘潜叶甲防治效果试验。结果表明,20%丁硫克百威乳油、2.5%溴氰菊酯乳油、10%高效氯氰菊酯乳油、40%丙溴磷乳油等14种药剂,防治越冬代出蛰的成虫或新一代成虫效果较好,每年施药1次即可达到防治目标;50%灭蝇胺可湿性粉剂、1.14%甲维盐乳油、1.8%阿维菌素乳油和20%烯腚虫胺水分散粒剂的速效性较好,但持效性较差;15%哒螨灵乳油和20%氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂则不宜作为枸橘潜叶甲的防治药剂。 相似文献
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本世纪以来,随着农村产业结构的调整和柑桔种植面积的扩大,柑桔潜叶蛾的发生逐年加重,加之果农长期、大量使用化学农药,致使该虫产生明显抗药性,防治效果不断下降。为生产上推荐安全、高效的防治药剂,本文开展了6种杀虫剂对柑桔潜叶蛾的田间试验。结果表明,6种供试药剂对柑桔潜叶蛾的防治效果不尽相同,5%/阿维菌素6000倍液速效性、持效性和保梢效果都最高,其次为2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯1000倍液、10%虫螨腈悬浮剂1500倍液和20%啶虫脒12000倍液,而20%丁硫克百威1500倍液和10%联苯菊酯3000倍液的防效和保梢效果相对较差。试验期间6种药剂对柑橘均安全。生产上要选择好防治适期和防效好的药剂,同时注意不同药剂轮换交替使用。 相似文献
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通过24种杀虫剂田间药效试验,筛选出10种对白刺古毒蛾(Orgyia antiqua)具有优良防效的杀虫剂,即类产碱SC、10%天罗地网EC、25%黑光灯EC、4.5%氯氰菊酯EC、草毒蛾SC、2.5%敌杀死EC、3%金永安EC、5%速杀星EC、1.8%阿维菌素EC和10%金大地WP,防效均在90%以上,其中类产碱SC、草毒蛾SC、1.8%阿维菌素EC具有低毒、高效、持效期长等特点,可作为古毒蛾防治首选杀虫剂使用。10%天罗地网EC、25%黑光灯EC、4.5%氯氰菊酯EC、2.5%敌杀死EC、3%金永安EC、5%速杀星EC、10%金大地WP具有防效快特点,可与类产碱SC、草毒蛾SC、1.8%阿维菌素EC在古毒蛾暴发年份交替使用或混合使用,以延缓抗性的产生。 相似文献
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Carnagey KM Huff-Lonergan EJ Trenkle A Wertz-Lutz AE Horst RL Beitz DC 《Journal of animal science》2008,86(7):1649-1657
The objective of this trial was to determine whether a single bolus of 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) (25-OH D(3)), vitamin E, or a combination of the 2 would improve the tenderness of steaks from the LM of beef heifers. Forty-eight Angus crossbred heifers were allotted randomly to 8 pens. Six heifers were in each pen, and there were 2 pens per treatment. The 4 treatments included control (no 25-OH D(3) or vitamin E); 25-OH D(3) (500 mg of 25-OH D(3) administered as a one-time oral bolus 7 d before slaughter); vitamin E (1,000 IU of vitamin E administered daily as a top-dress for 104 d before slaughter); or combination (500 mg of 25-OH D(3) administered as a one-time oral bolus 7 d before slaughter and 1,000 IU of vitamin E administered daily as a top-dress for 104 d before slaughter). Blood samples were obtained on the day that heifers were allotted to treatments, on the day 25-OH D(3) was administered, and on the day before slaughter. Plasma calcium concentration was increased when 25-OH D(3) was administered with or without vitamin E (P < 0.007). In LM, calcium concentration tended to increase (P = 0.10) when 25-OH D(3) was administered alone but not when 25-OH D(3) was administered with vitamin E. Concentrations of 25-OH D(3) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) in plasma were increased when 25-OH D(3) was administered with or without vitamin E (P < 0.001). Steaks from heifers treated with 25-OH D(3) or vitamin E, but not both, tended to have lower Warner-Bratzler shear force than steaks in the control group at 14 d postmortem (P = 0.08). Postmortem protein degradation as measured by Western blot of the 30-kDa degradation product of troponin-T was increased with all treatments after 3 d postmortem (P 相似文献
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本文测定了阿维菌素和甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐（简称＂甲维盐＂）4种杀虫剂制剂对家蚕的急性食下毒性和残毒期,结果表明：对3龄起蚕的LC50值分别为阿维菌素乳油7.2343×10-4mg/L,阿维菌素水乳剂7.6512×10-4mg/L,甲维盐微乳剂8.5940×10-4mg/L,甲维盐乳油14.0112×10-4mg/L。阿维菌素和甲维盐4种制剂的相同质量浓度（13.33 mg/L）稀释液喷洒桑树,在桑叶上的残毒期分别为3.2%阿维菌素乳油2400倍约为50 d,1.8%阿维菌素水乳剂1350倍、2.3%甲维盐乳油1725倍约为60 d,2.2%甲维盐微乳剂1650倍＞60 d;阿维菌素类4种制剂对家蚕的急性食下毒性极强,处理间差异较小,但在桑叶上的残毒期很长,处理间差异较大。 相似文献
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G H Richter S Polzin M Matthey W I Ochrimenko G Flachowsky 《Archives of Animal Nutrition》1991,41(2):209-221
In a individual feeding experiment (348 days) 24 fattening bulls were given either a ration high in roughage (2.8 kg concentrate mixture, wheat straw ad libitum: group I) or high in concentrate (5.6 kg concentrate mixture, wheat straw ad libitum group II) supplemented with various levels of vitamin D3 (0, 250, 500, 1,000, 2,000, 4,000 and 8,000 IU per 100 kg body weight (bw) and day) and minerals as required. After 58, 101, 134, 172, 205, 277 and 340 days 25-OH-D3 plasma concentration was estimated. Fattening and slaughtering parameters were measured. The 25OH-D3 plasma concentration was significantly influenced by vitamin D3 supply, kind of ration and day of taking samples. 25-OH-D3 plasma concentration decreased below 5 ng per ml when vitamin D3 supply was less than or equal to 250 IU per 100 kg bw and day. The initial plasma levels were maintained when 500 IU vitamin D3 per 100 kg bw and day was given (6.6 ng per ml). Administration of greater than or equal to 1,000 IU per 100 kg bw and day increased 25OH-D3 plasma level (greater than 10 ng/ml). Plasma 25OH-D3 concentration was significant higher when bulls consumed diets rich in concentrate (10.6 and 18.2 ng/ml for I and II after 340th day). Differences in content of cell walls and crude fat of rations may be responsible for results. Daily weight gain of bulls amounted to 712 and 945 g when fed diets I or II. Dry matter intake and live weight gain were not significantly influenced by different vitamin D3 supply. Clinical symptoms of rachitis did not appear. 相似文献
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Retail packages (n = 288; 24 of each product in each treatment group) of inside round steaks, T-bone steaks (strip loin and tenderloin), top sirloin steaks, and ground beef were used to evaluate effects of dietary supplementation of vitamin E to cattle on product performance during retail display. Products from control animals and cattle fed 500 IU x animal(-1) x d(-1) or 1,000 IU x animal(-1) x d(-1) were evaluated. Except for ground beef, dietary supplementation of vitamin E increased (P < 0.05) alpha-tocopherol concentrations in beef muscle from cattle fed 1,000 IU x animal(-1) x d(-1). Although not all differences were statistically significant, retail display-life was greater for all steaks from cattle fed 1,000 IU x animal(-1) x d(-1) than for those from control cattle. Ten percent of the inside round and tenderloin steaks from cattle fed 1,000 IU x animal(-1) x d(-1) had mean overall appearance scores of 3 ("moderately undesirable") at 72 to 78 h and 54 to 60 h, respectively, whereas 10% of the inside round and tenderloin steaks from control cattle had mean overall appearance scores of 3 at 54 to 60 h and 42 to 48 h, respectively. Each of the retail cuts in this study (irrespective of the amount of alpha-tocopheryl acetate that was fed to the animal that generated it) was categorized as "high," "medium," or "low," based on the alpha-tocopherol concentration in the primal cut or ground beef batch from which it originated. Retail cuts in the medium a-tocopherol concentration category had increased retail display life of 4.0 h for ground beef (P < 0.05) over those in the low alpha-tocopherol category. Retail cuts in the high alpha-tocopherol concentration category had increased retail display life of 10.7 h for inside round steaks and 4.0 h for ground beef (P < 0.05) over those in the medium concentration category. Vitamin E supplementation of cattle at 1,000 IU x animal(-1) x d(-1) for at least 100 d can be used to increase retail caselife and to improve the overall color acceptability of steaks and ground beef products. Although far from a perfect relationship, these data strongly suggest that increasing the alpha-tocopherol concentration in a beef cut will increase its retail case life. 相似文献
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In two experiments with 420 male cairina (Cairina moschata domestica L.) semisynthetic rations were used with vitamin A supplements between 0 and 10,000IU per kg feed. Clinical deficiency symptoms, such as coordination disturbances or horny growths at the oesophagus glands, could be prevented in the starter period up to 3rd week with 500IU vitamin A and in the fattening period between the 4th and 10th/11th weeks with a 250IU vitamin A supplement per kg feed. Cairina achieved an optimal fattening performance under the conditions tested with 1,000 IU in the starter period and with 500 IU vitamin A supplement in the fattening period. Under consideration of the vitamin A storage in the liver and a safety supplement of 4000 IU vitamin A per kg start feed (0-3 weeks) and 2,000 IU vitamin A per kg fattening feed (4-11 weeks) is suggested as requirement norm and mixed feed supplement. 相似文献
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L D Weaver J Galland P A Martin J Versteeg 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1986,189(6):666-669
A commercially available, penicillin-novobiocin, intramammary infusion product and a solution of procaine penicillin G (1.2 X 10(6) IU) in 10 ml of sterile saline solution were evaluated for their comparative efficacies against Streptococcus agalactiae mastitis in 3 California dairy herds. After composite milk samples from each cow in each herd were bacteriologically cultured, cows infected with S agalactiae (n = 228) were assigned randomly to 2 treatment groups. Milk samples were reevaluated bacteriologically 21 to 25 days after treatment. Both preparations were highly effective against S agalactiae in first-lactation cows and in cows scored negative or trace by use of the California Mastitis Test. Efficacy was significantly decreased in cows with California Mastitis Test scores of 1, 2, or 3. Herd and treatment were associated significantly with treatment success or failure. Most treatment failures were in one herd in cows that were given procaine penicillin G in sterile saline solution. Milk production and lactation stage were not associated with success or failure of treatment. 相似文献
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ABSTRACTAim: To determine if vitamin D3 treatment reduced the incidence of vaginal prolapse in pregnant sheep on a North Canterbury sheep breeding property.Methods: Pregnant ewes from a single farm were allocated to three treatment groups in May 2018. At this time, the first group (EarlyVitADE; n?=?512) received an I/M 1?mL dose of 500,000?IU/mL vitamin D3, 60,000?IU/mL vitamin A, and 25?mg/mL vitamin E. This was repeated in July 2018, when the second group (LateVitADE; n?=?695) also received the same treatment. The third group (n?=?737) were untreated controls. All cases of vaginal prolapse on the property were recorded from pregnancy diagnosis in June 2018 until ewes were set-stocked in August 2018. The planned start of lambing was 10 August 2018.Results: During the period of observation, vaginal prolapses were recorded in 3/699 (0.4%) 2-year-old ewes, and the odds of vaginal prolapse were not associated with treatment group in these ewes (p?>?0.3). Amongst ewes aged ≥3 years, during the same period, there were 6/333 (1.8%), 6/443 (1.4%) and 25/469 (5.3%) cases in the EarlyVitADE, LateVitADE and control groups, respectively. Compared to control ewes, the odds of vaginal prolapse were reduced in both the EarlyVitADE (OR?=?0.37; 95% CI?=?0.15–0.92) and LateVitADE (OR?=?0.25; 95% CI?=?0.10–0.62) treatment groups.Conclusions and clinical relevance: In this preliminary study, administration of injectable vitamins A, D3, and E to pregnant ewes reduced the incidence of vaginal prolapse during the period from pregnancy diagnosis to set-stocking on one North Canterbury hill-country farm. Due to the restricted data collection period, this investigation should be replicated to better quantify the repeatability of the observed treatment effect over the complete lambing period. 相似文献