共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Ventrodorsal radiographs of the pelvis (n=150) of Rottweilers, Golden Retrievers, and German Shepherd dogs and macerated spines (n=800) from a variety of breeds were assessed for morphological evidence of lumbosacral transitional vertebrae as well as for factors that might lead to radiographic misinterpretation of this condition. Those alterations closely resembling the radiographic appearance of transitional vertebrae were identified to be: (1) calcification of the dorsal and ventral sacroiliac ligaments (=pseudolumbarisation), which might be interpreted as a costal process at S1 (or the corresponding vertebra in cases of numerical vertebral variations); and (2) osteophyte formation at the lumbosacral junction simulating separation of the cranial articular processes from the assembly of the sacral wing as seen in transitional vertebrae. 相似文献
2.
Degenerative lumbosacral stenosis in 18 dogs 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
P. R. Watt 《The Journal of small animal practice》1991,32(3):125-134
Eighteen dogs with degenerative lumbosacral stenosis were presented to the University of Queensland Small Animal Clinic (UQSAC) over a three-year period. Presenting clinical signs included lumbosacral pain (89 per cent), hindlimb paresis and proprioceptive deficits (56 per cent), lameness (49 per cent), flaccid tails (22 per cent), and urinary dysfunction (16 per cent). All 18 dogs were treated by decompressive laminectomy. Two dogs were also treated by a pin fixation-fusion technique. The major compressive lesion was a type II disc protrusion (72 per cent). Seventeen dogs (94 per cent) showed improvement postoperatively with minimal complications. Confirmation of diagnosis is difficult in that many aged dogs without clinical signs show radiographic signs compatible with stenosis. 相似文献
3.
OBJECTIVE: To determine if endoscopic-assisted foraminotomy significantly increased the area of the L7-S1 intervertebral foramen and if, over 12 weeks, stenosis would occur. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, experimental study. ANIMAL POPULATION: Six clinically normal, 22-29 kg, adult dogs. METHODS: Using endoscopic assistance, unilateral L7-S1 foraminotomy was performed. Computed tomography of L7-S1 was performed preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and at 12 weeks. Parasagittal foramen area (PFA) measurements were obtained at the entry, middle, and exit zones of the treated and control foramen for each period. Objective and subjective data were compared among dogs by time period and treatment status. RESULTS: Endoscopic-assisted foraminotomy resulted in a significant increase in the mean PFA of the entry and middle zones immediately postoperatively. The exit zone was not significantly larger at any time. The foramen remained significantly larger at 12 weeks only in the middle zone; however, some decrease in the surgically created foramen enlargement occurred at all 3 levels. The procedure was well tolerated but dogs did have transient, mild delay of functional return postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic-assisted foraminotomy in dogs can be performed for certain foraminal regions, allowing enhanced visibility of the spinal canal. The foramen can be surgically enlarged at the entry and middle zones using this technique; however, some reduction of the foraminal enlargement occurs by 12 weeks. The clinical implications of this reduction cannot be determined from this study. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Endoscopic-assisted foraminotomy could be used to improve intraoperative visualization in dogs with foraminal stenosis as a component of degenerative lumbosacral stenosis. 相似文献
4.
5.
Objectives— To describe clinical signs, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and surgical findings using a lateral approach to the lumbosacral intervertebral foramen and to evaluate clinical outcomes in dogs with or without concurrent dorsal decompression and annulectomy.
Study Design— Retrospective study.
Animals— Dogs (n=20) with degenerative lumbosacral stenosis (DLSS).
Methods— Medical records (2002–2006) of dogs that had lumbosacral lateral foraminotomy alone or in combination with dorsal decompression were reviewed. Degree of dysfunction was assessed separately for each pelvic limb; dogs with unilateral signs were included in group A, those with bilateral signs in group B. Retrieved data were: signalment, history, neurologic status on admission, 3 days, 6 weeks, and 6 months postoperatively, duration of clinical signs, results of MRI, surgical site(s), intraoperative findings, and outcome.
Results— Based on the clinical and MRI findings unilateral foraminotomy was performed in 8 dogs, bilateral foraminotomy in 1 dog, unilateral foraminotomy with concurrent dorsal decompression in 7 dogs, and bilateral foraminotomy with concomitant dorsal decompression in 4 dogs. Surgery confirmed the presence of foraminal stenosis in all dogs, with osteophyte formation and soft tissue proliferations being the most common lesions. Outcome was good to excellent in 19 dogs and poor in 1 dog. Mean follow-up was 15.2 months (range, 6–42 months).
Conclusion— Lateral foraminotomy addresses compressive lesions within exit and middle zones of the lumbosacral foramen.
Clinical Relevance— Successful surgical management of DLSS is dependent on recognition and correction of each of the compressive lesions within the lumbosacral junction. 相似文献
Study Design— Retrospective study.
Animals— Dogs (n=20) with degenerative lumbosacral stenosis (DLSS).
Methods— Medical records (2002–2006) of dogs that had lumbosacral lateral foraminotomy alone or in combination with dorsal decompression were reviewed. Degree of dysfunction was assessed separately for each pelvic limb; dogs with unilateral signs were included in group A, those with bilateral signs in group B. Retrieved data were: signalment, history, neurologic status on admission, 3 days, 6 weeks, and 6 months postoperatively, duration of clinical signs, results of MRI, surgical site(s), intraoperative findings, and outcome.
Results— Based on the clinical and MRI findings unilateral foraminotomy was performed in 8 dogs, bilateral foraminotomy in 1 dog, unilateral foraminotomy with concurrent dorsal decompression in 7 dogs, and bilateral foraminotomy with concomitant dorsal decompression in 4 dogs. Surgery confirmed the presence of foraminal stenosis in all dogs, with osteophyte formation and soft tissue proliferations being the most common lesions. Outcome was good to excellent in 19 dogs and poor in 1 dog. Mean follow-up was 15.2 months (range, 6–42 months).
Conclusion— Lateral foraminotomy addresses compressive lesions within exit and middle zones of the lumbosacral foramen.
Clinical Relevance— Successful surgical management of DLSS is dependent on recognition and correction of each of the compressive lesions within the lumbosacral junction. 相似文献
6.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of long duration subarachnoid catheterization in horses on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cellularity and bacteriology, arterial blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal body temperature, and spontaneous locomotor activity. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective experimental study. ANIMAL: Five clinically normal healthy adults horses weighing 511 +/- 47 kg. METHODS: Subarachnoid catheters were placed using sedation and local anesthesia and maintained for 48 hours in standing horses. Cerebrospinal fluid samples were tested for cellularity and bacteria growth. Heart rate, respiratory rate, arterial blood pressure, and body temperature were recorded. Locomotor activity was graded. One-way repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni's test were used to statistically compare data from baseline to 12, 24, and 48 hours. RESULTS: Subarachnoid catheterization in horses produced an acute inflammatory reaction after 12 hours of catheterization, as evidenced by a statistically significant increase in CSF white blood cell count. No bacterial contamination was encountered. No significant differences were found in heart rate, respiratory rate, body temperature, and arterial blood pressure. The horses did not develop motor ataxia or proprioceptive deficits during 48 hours of catheterization. CONCLUSIONS: Results of this study suggest that 48 hours of subarachnoid catheterization in horses does not produce clinical signs of neurologic dysfunction or cardiovascular and respiratory changes, even though an inflammatory reaction occurred. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Subarachnoid catheterization in horses is preferred for monitoring CSF pressure or for repeated collection. Understanding the effects of catheterization alone, allows the clinician to better interpret abnormalities in CSF collected. 相似文献
7.
8.
DeRossi R de Barros AL Silva-Neto AB Pompermeyer CT Frazílio FO 《The Journal of small animal practice》2011,52(4):195-199
Objectives : The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of hyaluronidase added to levobupivacaine in lumbosacral epidural blockade in dogs. Methods : Six adult mixed breed dogs (two males and four females) weighing 7 to 14 kg (10·5 ±1·5 kg) and aged two to five years were used. Each dog received both treatments in random order: levobupivacaine alone (LBA; n=6) or levobupivacaine plus hyaluronidase (LBH; n=6) administered in the lumbosacral epidural space. Systemic effects, spread and duration of anaesthesia and motor block were determined before treatment and at predetermined intervals. Results : The duration of local anaesthesia was 90 ±10 minutes (P=0·001) for LBH treatment and 150 ±15 minutes for LBA treatment. In the LBH treatment, anaesthesia reached the T12 to T13 dermatome and in the LBA treatment it reached the T11 to T12 dermatome in all animals in 5 and 15 minutes, respectively. Complete motor blockade was 75 ±12 minutes (P=0·01) and 120 ±15 minutes for LBH and LBA treatments, respectively. Clinical Significance : Hyaluronidase added to levobupivacaine significantly shortens the duration of epidural anaesthesia with the same dermatome spread into the epidural space in dogs. 相似文献
9.
10.
OBJECTIVE: To study the epidemiology, clinical findings, and long-term outcome of surgical treatment of degenerative lumbosacral stenosis (DLSS) in dogs. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. SAMPLE POPULATION: 131 client-owned dogs with DLSS. METHODS: The medical records of dogs with DLSS treated by dorsal laminectomy and dorsal fenestration were reviewed. The clinical diagnosis had been verified by diskography, epidurography or myelography, or a combination thereof. RESULTS: The German shepherd breed was over-represented (56.5%), and males were more often affected than females (2:1). Historically, reluctance or pain when jumping, rising from a prone position, or climbing stairs (92.4%) and signs of pain or stiffness during extensive physical activity (85.5%) were the most frequent concerns. The most common physical and neurologic examination findings were pain in the lumbosacral area during hyperextension (97.7%) and on direct digital palpation (84.7%). A total of 93.2% of the dogs were improved clinically within the follow-up period (mean 26 +/- 17 months). Recurrence of clinical signs resembling DLSS was reported by the owner or diagnosed by clinical examination in 17.6% of the dogs with a mean onset of signs at 18 +/- 13 months postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical treatment of DLSS with dorsal laminectomy and fenestration generally resulted in good to excellent clinical outcome. 相似文献
11.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence, characteristics, and severity of soft-tissue and osseous lesions in the caudal portion of the thoracic and lumbosacral vertebral column and pelvis in Thoroughbred racehorses. ANIMALS: 36 Thoroughbred racehorses that died or were euthanatized at California racetracks between October 1993 and July 1994. PROCEDURE: Lumbosacral and pelvic specimens were collected and visually examined for soft-tissue and osseous lesions. RESULTS: Acute sacroiliac joint injury was observed in 2 specimens. Signs of chronic laxity or subluxation of the sacroiliac joint were not observed in any specimens. Impingement of the dorsal spinous processes and transverse processes was observed in 92 and 97% of specimens, respectively. Thoracolumbar articular processes had variable degrees of degenerative change in 97% of specimens. Degenerative changes were observed at lumbar intertransverse joints and sacroiliac articulations in all specimens. Some degenerative changes were widespread and severe. CONCLUSIONS: Numerous degenerative changes affected vertebral processes, intervertebral articulations, and sacroiliac joints in these Thoroughbred racehorses. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Various types of vertebral and pelvic lesions need to be considered during clinical evaluation of the back and pelvis in horses. Undiagnosed vertebral or pelvic lesions could be an important contributor to poor performance and lameness in athletic horses. 相似文献
12.
Jeryl C. Jones Krystina L. Kimmett Julia L. Sharp Samantha R. Sanders Tiffany A. Wilmoth 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2019,60(5):513-524
Management of degenerative lumbosacral stenosis in military working dogs more frequently utilizes core conditioning exercise programs. Future research on the effectiveness of these programs may benefit from an improved understanding of relationships between paraspinal muscle size and lumbosacral stability. The aim of this retrospective, secondary analysis, cross‐sectional study was to test the following hypotheses related to CT measures: (a) transverse paraspinal muscle area ratios differ between hip flexion and extension, (b) lumbosacral angle and lumbosacral range of motion differ by lumbosacral angle measurement technique, and (c) transverse paraspinal muscle area ratios are correlated with CT measures of lumbosacral stability (parasagittal and parasagittal oblique foraminal area changes) regardless of hip position and with lumbosacral range of motion within each hip position. Lumbosacral CT scans in hip flexion and extension were retrieved from a previous prospective study of military working Labrador Retrievers. A single observer performed triplicate measurements of transverse paraspinal muscle area ratios, parasagittal foraminal area, and parasagittal oblique foraminal area for each hip position and another observer independently performed triplicate measurements of lumbosacral angle and lumbosacral range of motion at L7‐S1 using two published techniques. Thirty‐nine dogs were analyzed and significant differences were identified between hip flexion and extension for all mean transverse paraspinal muscle area ratio values (P ≤ .05). Mean lumbosacral angles also significantly differed between the published techniques in both hip flexion and extension. When comparing mean lumbosacral range of motion values, one of the published techniques produced significantly smaller values. No significant correlation was found between transverse paraspinal muscle area ratios and parasagittal foraminal area changes, parasagittal oblique foraminal area changes, or lumbosacral range of motion. These results should be considered when designing studies using these CT measures in military working dogs. 相似文献
13.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the biomechanical behavior of the lumbosacral disk under compressive load in dogs, using pressure profilometry, and to investigate the relationship between pressure profile features and background and disease variables. SAMPLE POPULATION: 23 lumbosacral disks and adjacent vertebrae harvested from medium and large breed dogs. PROCEDURE: A 1.3-mm unidirectional needle-mounted pressure transducer was inserted into the disk in a ventral-to-dorsal manner while the disk was loaded in compression by a materials testing machine. Withdrawal of the transducer resulted in a pressure profile for cranial and lateral stress. Pressure profiles were analyzed, and relationships to age and gross evidence of degeneration were investigated. RESULTS: There was a moderate positive correlation between age and degree of nuclear degeneration (r(s) = 0.420, P = 0.046), but no relationship between age and mean nuclear pressure was detected. Mean nuclear pressure correlated negatively with severity of degenerative changes in the nucleus pulposus. Receiver operator characteristic curves to evaluate mean nuclear pressure as a diagnostic test for nuclear degeneration revealed a sensitivity and specificity of 82 and 83%, respectively. In addition, age was moderately correlated with the magnitude of stress peaks (r(s) = -0.571, P = 0.004). Stress peaks were not related to the severity of nuclear degeneration. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Determination of the mean nuclear pressure by disk profilometry provides information on the severity of lumbosacral disk degeneration with a high degree of sensitivity and specificity. The magnitude of single stress peaks within the dorsal annulus fibrosus is correlated with age and may not necessarily reflect advancing degeneration. 相似文献
14.
Lumbosacral discospondylitis was diagnosed in three adult dogs by radiography and the isolation of Staphylococcus aureus from the affected intervertebral space. The predominant clinical findings of severe spinal pain and marked hindlimb lameness suggested entrapment of the seventh lumbar spinal nerve roots. In addition, the presence of hindlimb ataxia, proprioceptive deficits, perineal analgesia and paresis of the tail were consistent with compression of the cauda equina. Despite medical therapy with analgesics, antibiotics and strict confinement the clinical and radiographic signs progressed. A lumbosacral distraction-fusion procedure was employed to decompress the spinal nerve roots and cauda equina and to stabilise the affected vertebrae. In all cases there was an immediate marked reduction in spinal pain and a long term resolution of clinical signs. In two cases the affected vertebrae progressively fused within four months. The third case required removal of the implants due to pin migration and breakage. 相似文献
15.
Rebecca Archer Thomas Sissener Neil Connery Tim Spotswood 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2010,51(3):301-304
A 10-year-old cocker spaniel bitch presented with severe lumbosacral pain and acute onset left pelvic limb lameness. A diagnosis of asymmetric lumbosacral transitional vertebra with disc protrusion at L6-L7 was made by computed tomography. The cauda equina and left L6 nerve root were surgically decompressed with a dorsal laminectomy and lateral foraminotomy, which led to rapid resolution of the clinical signs. 相似文献
16.
Effect of dorsal laminectomy and dorsal annulectomy with partial lumbosacral discectomy on the volume of the lateral intervertebral neuroforamina in dogs when the lumbosacral junction is extended 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Andrew J. Worth Angela Hartman Janis P. Bridges Boyd R. Jones Joe I. G. Mayhew 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2017,46(2):265-270
17.
Meenakshi Mukherjee Jeryl C. Jones Ida Holásková Raymond Raylman Jean Meade 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2017,58(5):565-580
Deep phenotyping tools for characterizing preclinical morphological conditions are important for supporting genetic research studies. Objectives of this retrospective, cross‐sectional, methods comparison study were to describe and compare qualitative and quantitative deep phenotypic characteristics of lumbosacral stenosis in Labrador retrievers using computed tomography (CT). Lumbosacral CT scans and medical records were retrieved from data archives at three veterinary hospitals. Using previously published qualitative CT diagnostic criteria, a board‐certified veterinary radiologist assigned dogs as either lumbosacral stenosis positive or lumbosacral stenosis negative at six vertebral locations. A second observer independently measured vertebral canal area, vertebral fat area, and vertebral body area; and calculated ratios of vertebral canal area/vertebral body area and vertebral fat area/vertebral body area (fat area ratio) at all six locations. Twenty‐five dogs were sampled (lumbosacral stenosis negative, 11 dogs; lumbosacral stenosis positive, 14 dogs). Of the six locations, cranial L6 was the most affected by lumbosacral stenosis (33%). Five of six dogs (83%) with clinical signs of lumbosacral pain were lumbosacral stenosis positive at two or more levels. All four quantitative variables were significantly smaller at the cranial aspects of the L6 and L7 vertebral foramina than at the caudal aspects (P < 0.0001). Fat area ratio was a significant predictor of lumbosacral stenosis positive status at all six locations with cranial L6 having the greatest predictive value (R2 = 0.43) and range of predictive probability (25–90%). Findings from the current study supported the use of CT as a deep phenotyping tool for future research studies of lumbosacral stenosis in Labrador retrievers. 相似文献
18.
19.
Carozzo C Cachon T Genevois JP Fau D Remy D Daniaux L Collard F Viguier E 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2008,37(1):27-31
Objective— To describe and evaluate a transiliac approach to the L7–S1 disk and intervertebral foramen in dogs.
Study Design— Cadaver study.
Animals— Fresh canine cadavers (n=10).
Methods— A craniolateral approach was made to each iliac wing of 10 fresh canine mixed breed cadavers. An 18 mm hole was drilled in a standardized position through the iliac wing. The musculature connected to the cranial aspects of the sacral wing was dissected and retracted cranially through this iliac window. Endoscopic exploration of the area was performed.
Results— The foramen and intervertebral disk were clearly observed in all specimens without iatrogenic injury of the L7 nerve branch. Access to the foramen was possible in 16 of 20 specimens without excision of the sacral wing; however, it was always partially excised to observe the intervertebral disk which lies more caudally and ventrally.
Conclusion— Transiliac approach to the lumbosacral joint allows direct exposure of the intervertebral disk and foramen through an iliac window. Endoscopic exploration provided good observation of the intervertebral disk and/or foramen.
Clinical Relevance— Transiliac approach could be used for lateral corpectomy and foraminotomy in dogs with degenerative lumbosacral stenosis caused by ventral or ventrolateral disk protrusion, foramen stenosis, or OCD of the L7–S1 joint. Clinical study will be necessary to evaluate the efficacy of this approach. 相似文献
Study Design— Cadaver study.
Animals— Fresh canine cadavers (n=10).
Methods— A craniolateral approach was made to each iliac wing of 10 fresh canine mixed breed cadavers. An 18 mm hole was drilled in a standardized position through the iliac wing. The musculature connected to the cranial aspects of the sacral wing was dissected and retracted cranially through this iliac window. Endoscopic exploration of the area was performed.
Results— The foramen and intervertebral disk were clearly observed in all specimens without iatrogenic injury of the L7 nerve branch. Access to the foramen was possible in 16 of 20 specimens without excision of the sacral wing; however, it was always partially excised to observe the intervertebral disk which lies more caudally and ventrally.
Conclusion— Transiliac approach to the lumbosacral joint allows direct exposure of the intervertebral disk and foramen through an iliac window. Endoscopic exploration provided good observation of the intervertebral disk and/or foramen.
Clinical Relevance— Transiliac approach could be used for lateral corpectomy and foraminotomy in dogs with degenerative lumbosacral stenosis caused by ventral or ventrolateral disk protrusion, foramen stenosis, or OCD of the L7–S1 joint. Clinical study will be necessary to evaluate the efficacy of this approach. 相似文献
20.
Anu K Lappalainen Reea Salomaa Jouni Junnila Marjatta Snellman Outi Laitinen-Vapaavuori 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2012,54(1):27