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本文通过对瑞安东山城粪处理场大中型沼气工程腐蚀情况的调查,初步分析了大中型沼气工程受腐蚀的原因,认为大中型沼气工程的腐蚀程度主要与服务年限、污水的有机物浓度、处理的工艺及运行管理等因素有关,并提出了防止腐蚀的措施. 相似文献
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城市污水处理厂污泥沼气资源化利用 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
本文叙述了污泥厌氧消化沼气利用的运行管理与注意事项,介绍了污泥厌氧消化采用超声波和臭氧的预处理技术,以及利用厌氧消化所产沼气进行发电的技术应用.提出了厌氧消化利用沼气是实现城市污水处理厂污泥减量化、稳定化、无害化和资源化的有效手段,具有广阔的发展前景. 相似文献
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以食堂餐厨垃圾为原料,经分拣及粉碎预处理,按一定比例投入50 L厌氧反应器。利用大型秸秆沼气中温厌氧反应器内沼液作为接种菌种,控制厌氧消化温度在55℃±0.5℃,连续监测系统pH值,沼气产量及沼气成分,进行餐厨垃圾的产气性能及规律评价试验。研究结果表明:采用中温沼液作为菌种经缓慢升温驯化,经30天连续厌氧试验,每吨含水率16.7%的餐厨垃圾可降解产生107~111 m3沼气,沼气中甲烷含量约53%,硫化氢含量低于150 mg·m-3。餐厨垃圾厌氧消化初期酸化迅速,设计及调试过程中应控制进料有机负荷。 相似文献
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厌氧消化是实现畜禽粪污资源化利用的重要手段,但传统厌氧消化过程运行效率较低,处理过程中氨(NH_3)和/或硫化氢(H_2S)抑制是造成系统不稳定甚至崩溃的主要原因。该研究利用自主研发的厌氧消化耦合氨和/或硫化氢抑制原位解除系统,以奶牛粪压榨液为原料,探讨实现其稳定、高效处理的可行性。监测了厌氧消化过程中不同有机物负荷下产气效果和消化液理化性质,包括pH值,NH_4~+,SO_4~(2-),有机酸(volatile fatty acids,VFAs),可溶性有机碳(soluble total organic carbon,TOC)等的变化情况。结果表明,奶牛粪压榨液高温厌氧消化最大负荷达10 g VTS·L-1d-1,沼气生产效率和甲烷含量分别为920.5 m L·L-1d-1和63.7%。通过沼气内循环并向反应器通入微量空气(通入量为沼气产生量的3%),可以使反应器内NH_4~+浓度维持在1000 mg·L-1以下,沼气中H2S的含量维持在50 ppm以下,沼气质量明显改善。 相似文献
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《Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research》1998,69(3):249-254
A model to represent the discolouration of dried powder of carrots as a function of temperature was developed. Two types of carrots, Asian and European, containing large amount of lycopene and β-carotene, respectively, were tested. The dried powder was stored under an atmosphere with O2and at three different temperatures, 5,20 and 35°C. The surface colour of the powder was monitored during storage by a Hunter colour ratioa/b. In the proposed model, the rate of oxidation was assumed to be represented by the product of the fraction of concentration of oxidized pigment at arbitrary time and a specific rate of oxidation of pigment. The rate parameters in the proposed model were calculated by fitting the experimental data with smooth curves by trial and error at the end of the induction period but before discolouration took place. The frequency constant and activation energy, expressing the temperature dependence of the rate parameters, were expressed by the Arrhenius relation. The simulation results of a Hunter colour ratioa/bof dried powder at 25°C showed good agreement with the experimental data, suggesting that the proposed model was effective for the prediction of discolouration of dried powder of both types of carrot. The use of the induction period in the manner described may enable the shelf life of dried powder to be predicted. 相似文献
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The fractional outflow rate of water from the rumen, measured as the rate of disappearance of the chromium complex of ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid, was related to a number of dietary factors. A multiple regression equation was derived which expressed fractional outflow rate as a function of the intakes of dry matter, ash, acid-detergent fibre and crude protein.The data analysed consisted of 243 observations for sheep on 59 diets, including forage, concentrate and mixed diets. The ranges covered by the data were: fractional outflow rate 0.7–3.6 day?1; dry matter intake 560–1400g/day; ash 4–30%, acid-detergent fibre 7–41%, crude protein 5–26 % of dry matter; there were no observations for sheep of less than 34 kg liveweight.The equation accounted for 56·3 % of the total variance. Between-sheep variance could not be calculated for the whole of the data but was undoubtedly substantial since, for a sixth of the data, it was known to account for 38 % of the total variance. 相似文献
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感官检验棉花的品级,这是农村常见的一种检测手段.它的一个主要特点就是存在不确定性.这是由于检验员的品级检验水平存在一定的差异,其中有很多因素制约着检验的结果.文章对影响感官检验结果的因素进行了系统的分析. 相似文献
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从灾害经济学的角度探讨了城镇供水优化调度的必要性和可能性，认为在缺水不可避免的情况下，对供水进行优化调度可以减小缺水带来的损失，产生较好的减灾效益，特别是可以大大减小严重干旱的灾害效应。并根据水资源的特性，提出了缺水损失的计算模式以及优化调度的原则和方法。 相似文献