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1.
60COr射线辐射诱变秀珍菇的各类氨基酸效应的主成分分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了比较不同辐射剂量下秀珍菇各类氨基酸含量,应用多元统计成分分析法进行相关及主成分分析。结果表明：鲜味氨基酸含量与支链氨基酸含量、芳香族氨基酸含量和必需氨基酸含量呈极显著正相关。甜味氨基酸含量与支链氨基酸含量、芳香族氨基酸含量和必需氨基酸含量呈极显著正相关。支链氨基酸含量与芳香族氨基酸含量和必需氨基酸含量呈极显著正相关。芳香族氨基酸含量与必需氨基酸含量呈极显著正相关。主成分分析显示,可将原7个各类氨基酸含量指标综合为2个主成分,其累积贡献率可达97.96%。根据主成分对原性状的综合能力进行各类氨基酸含量分析,2个主成分可分别解释为综合效应因子及硫氨基酸含量效应因子,并建立了主成分方程。通过计算出不同辐射剂量下的主成分得分和综合得分,得出排序第一为1.25 kGy的剂量,所以1.25 kGy的剂量为较佳剂量。 相似文献
2.
基于主成分分析法研究麦芽蛋白水解度与功能特性的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用木瓜蛋白酶对麦芽蛋白进行改性,研究麦芽蛋白水解度与功能特性的关系。在分析水解度与麦芽蛋白的起泡性、溶解性、持水性、吸油性和乳化性的相关性基础上,对功能特性做主成分分析,构建麦芽蛋白功能特性的综合指标,通过回归分析建立水解度与综合指标的数学模型。麦芽蛋白的5个功能特性被划分为3个主成分因子F1、F2和F3,总方差贡献率分别为62.769%、17.807%和11.710%,构建的功能特性综合指标F=62.769%×F1+17.807%×F2+11.710%×F3,建立了功能特性综合指标与水解度(X)的数学模型:F=-0.0084X2+0.4548X-5.4881,模型相关系数0.968。试验表明基于主成分分析探讨水解度对功能特性的影响是可行的,为酶法改性蛋白的研究提供一定参考。 相似文献
3.
CHEN Er-Ying WANG Run-Feng QIN Ling YANG Yan-Bing LI Fei-Fei ZHANG Hua-Wen WANG Hai-Lian LIU Bin KONG Qing-Hua GUAN Yan-An 《作物学报》2020,46(10):1591-1604
以全国主推的53个谷子品种为材料,在100 mmol L~(-1)混合盐碱(NaCl∶NaHCO_3=4∶1)胁迫下研究了不同谷子品种的耐盐碱性。结果表明,在盐碱胁迫下, 53个谷子品种的发芽势、发芽率、根长、芽长、根鲜重和芽鲜重均受到不同程度的抑制,以对根长的影响最大;相对发芽势与相对发芽率、相对根长与相对芽长及相对根鲜重与相对芽鲜重均呈显著或极显著正相关。通过主成分分析将14个单项性状指标转化为4个主成分,累积贡献率为90.4%;以4个主成分的得分值通过隶属函数分析获得不同品种耐盐碱的综合得分值,并通过聚类分析将53个谷子品种划分为6种耐盐碱类型,其中强耐盐碱品种2个,耐盐碱品种16个,中间型品种17个,盐碱敏感品种6个,不耐盐碱品种9个和极不耐盐碱的品种3个。同时利用回归分析建立了可用于评价谷子耐盐碱性的回归方程D'=0.298+0.037X_2+0.144X_3+0.018X_6+0.209X_7-0.183X_9+0.115X_(11)-0.201X_(12)+0.112X_(13)-0.101X_(14)+0.284X_(15),相对发芽率、根长盐害率、芽长盐害率和根冠比盐害率可以作为谷子耐盐碱性的评价指标。 相似文献
4.
烤烟细胞壁物质对烟叶质量影响研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为了解烤烟细胞壁物质与烟叶质量的相关,测定了“金攀西”优质烟开发区攀枝花和凉山州烤烟B2F、C3F、X2F三个等级烟叶细胞壁成分;并对四川烤烟细胞壁成分和烟叶质量的数据进行偏相关分析。结果表明：（1）四川烤烟B2F、C3F、X2F三个等级间烟叶细胞壁成分含量差异较小,烟叶的总细胞壁物质、全纤维素、木质素、果胶、半纤维素、a纤维素含量分别集中在24%～35%、10%～16%、 0.5%～4%、5%～9%、2%～5%、5%～9% 之间。（2）四川烤烟烟叶总细胞壁物质含量与身份、抗张力、香气质得分显著负相关,与平衡含水率显著正相关。烟叶全纤维素含量与身份、厚度显著正相关。烟叶半纤维素含量与身份显著正相关。烟叶a纤维素含量与结构显著正相关,与身份显著负相关。 相似文献
5.
采用W217×W203组合的P1、P2、F1、B1、B2和F2共6个世代的花色色调值,利用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型多世代联合分析方法进行遗传分析.结果表明,色素万寿菊橙红色花性状最优遗传模型为两对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因遗传模型,以主基因遗传效应为主,多基因效应为辅.主基因加性效应、显性效应和上位性效应作用很大,主基因遗传力受环境影响较小.在F2群体中主基因遗传率为49.13％,多基因遗传率为48.25％；在B1群体中主基因遗传率为84.23％；在B2群体中主基因遗传率为74.41％,多基因遗传率为18.24％. 相似文献
6.
玉米新选自交系2个组合6个世代穗行数和行粒数的遗传分析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
江苏省沿江地区农科所新选玉米自交系间穗行数和行粒数一般配合力差异较大,分析这些自交系间有利等位基因的分布,有助于自交系的持续改良.本研究选用其中3个自交系组配成2个组合的P1、P2、F1、B1、B2、F2 6个世代,运用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型和6个世代联合分析的方法,对穗行数和行粒数2个性状进行了遗传分析.玉米穗行数性状在S1×S3组合中表现为1对加性-显性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因遗传,以多基因遗传为主;在S3×S7组合中表现为2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因混合遗传,以主基因遗传为主.行粒数性状在2个组合中均表现为1对加性主基因+加性-显性多基因混合遗传,主基因遗传为主;多基因位点显性总效应大于加性总效应.研究结果暗示通过有利等位基因聚合改良这些自交系的穗行数比行粒数更有效. 相似文献
7.
鲁棉14幼苗生长对氯化钠胁迫的反应及微量元素、激素处理的效应 总被引：1，自引：6，他引：1
以鲁棉 1 4为试验材料 ,利用盆栽和田间试验分别研究了棉苗生长对 Na Cl胁迫的反应及微量元素、激素浸种处理的效应。结果表明 ,Na Cl胁迫下“土壤 -棉花”系统 Na+、K+消长规律分别符合 y1=0 .1 70 38+ 6.70 32 3x( r=0 .941 6**)、y2 =1 . 0 1 0 72 - 0 . 92 4 0 7x ( r=- 0 . 8685 *)和 y=1 .0 5 0 98- 0 . 1 460 5 xi( r=- 0 . 9771 **) ,棉株体内Na+、K+含量与土壤盐分 ( Na Cl)含量具有显著或极显著的相关性。土壤盐分胁迫抑制棉花生长 ,但棉花可通过提高保护酶 ( SOD、POD、CAT)活性而表现出一定的耐盐伤害能力 ,土壤中 Na Cl含量 0 .3%～ 0 .4%是棉花保护酶活性的变化转折点。适宜的微量元素和激素浸种处理 ,具有增强棉花耐盐性的作用 ,浸种效应以 Mo1 0 0 0 mg· L- 1、Mn1 0 0 0 mg·L- 1、GA5 0 mg· L- 1浸种 2 4 h处理较好 ,效果显著 相似文献
8.
粳稻恢复系数量性状的因子分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
应用因子分析方法,对在粳型杂交稻育种中选择的78份恢复系的10个数量性状进行分析。结果表明,在10个数量性状中可提取实粒数因子(F1)、粒重因子(F2)、结实因子(F3)、株高因子(F4)、穗长因子(F5)等5个公因子,其累计可表达总变异的92.03%。其中F1因子同F4因子间为正相关,同其他因子间均为负相关,F2因子与F3、F4、F5因子间为正相关。F3因子与F4间为正相关,与F5因子间为负相关,F4与F5因子间为负相关。78个恢复系材料根据因子得分进行系统聚类,共分为5个不同遗传差异的类群。 相似文献
9.
基于主成分分析的不同品种龙眼干品质综合评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为评价不同品种龙眼干品质,构建综合评价体系,选取7个品种龙眼干对其12个理化指标进行测定,并结合主成分分析、聚类分析等方法对龙眼干品质进行综合评价.结果表明:所取龙眼干品种品质指标间差异显著,还原糖与总糖、可溶性糖与总糖、蛋白质与还原糖均呈极显著正相关(P＜0.01),氨基酸与可溶性糖呈极显著负相关(P＜0.01);主成分分析显示,前4个主成分累计方差贡献率达86.511％;通过综合得分进行排名可知,古山二号和石硖为品质较优品种;通过聚类分析得出,7个品种龙眼干可聚为3类,不同类别间品质存在较大差异,通过K值聚类分析将7个品种龙眼干聚为A、B、C三类,其品质从高到低依次为C类(古山二号、石硖)＞B类(FD310、储良)＞A类(草埔、凤大晚香、凤大晚蜜).聚类分析结果与主成分得分对龙眼干品种分类的判定结果较为一致,均可用于综合评价龙眼干品种品质. 相似文献
10.
粤糖系列甘蔗品种产量因子间相关和通径分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以粤糖系列10个甘蔗品种的历年选育试验数据为材料,利用相关分析、多元回归、通径分析和决定系数等方法,分析蔗茎产量与其构成因子的密切程度,以及各因子对产量的相对贡献大小。简单相关分析结果表明,蔗茎产量与有效茎数和茎长呈极显著正相关(0.643**和0.650**),与茎径相关不显著(0.025),有效茎数和茎长呈极显著正相关(0.234**),茎径与有效茎数和茎长呈极显著负相关(-0.416**和-0.257**);偏相关分析结果表明,蔗茎产量与其构成因子都呈极显著正相关(0.854**、0.836**和0.741**);多元回归方程为y=0.235x1+0.370x2+48.795x3-202.674 (ry.123=0.924**),F值均达到极显著水平;通径分析和决定系数分析结果表明,有效茎数对蔗茎产量的直接效应和直接决定系数都最大(0.696和0.485)。以上分析都表明,相对于茎长和茎径,有效茎数与蔗茎产量关系最密切,对蔗茎产量的贡献最大,增加有效茎数可显著提高蔗茎产量。有效茎数是影响蔗茎产量的关键因素,是品种高产选育和高产栽培的主攻方向,甘蔗高产育种中,应首先考虑对有效茎数的选择,其次考虑对茎径和茎长等影响蔗茎产量重要因素的选择。 相似文献
11.
Summary The inheritance of yield components was studied in a cross of two varieties of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), and the relationships among the components and yield were examined in the F2 of a cross and in a trial of 22 varieties. The main objective was to determine the suitability of using the components as selection criteria for increasing seed yield. All the components appeared to be under polygenic control and transgressive segregation in the F2 was observed for pod length and number of seeds per pod. Narrow sense heritability estimates ranged from 19.8% for number of pods per plant to 60.3% for pod length. Most of the genotypic correlations between pairs of yield components were significant. Correlation of yield per plant was negative with pod length, but positive with the other components. Number of pods per plant was consistently correlated with yield. However because of low heritability for number of pods per plant, this component may only be used as a preliminary selection criterion while the final selection is based on yield itself. 相似文献
12.
整枝方式与种植密度对蒜套棉产量和品质的效应 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以棉花抗虫杂交种鲁棉研15号(F1)为材料,在鲁西南3个不同的地点,研究了整枝方式(去叶枝、留叶枝)与种植密度(2.7、3.3、3.9、4.5万株·hm-2)对棉花产量和纤维品质的影响。结果表明,整枝方式和种植密度对棉花纤维品质的影响不显著,但对棉花产量有显著的互作效应,3.3万株·hm-2×留叶枝、2.7万株·hm-2×留叶枝和3.3万株·hm-2×去叶枝的组合比传统栽培(2.7万株·hm-2×去叶枝)分别增产20.4%、9.2%和10%,也显著高于其他处理组合;生物产量分别提高了13.7%、27.8%和11.6%,而经济系数只降低了5.3%、11.5%和4.5%。在维持较高经济系数和铃重的基础上增加生物产量和铃数是该3个处理组合显著增产的原因,适当提高密度并配合简化整枝是实现蒜套棉高产高效的重要技术途径。 相似文献
13.
Summary Ten peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes were evaluated fro components of partial resistance to Cercospora arachidicola Hori in the field and in two detached leaf tests in the greenhouse. The relationships among the resistance components in the two environments were examined by computing rank correlations among the components measured in the greenhouse and among those measured in the field. A comparison of field and greenhouse testing for partial resistance was made by determining the correlations between components measured in the two testing methods. The genotypes were significantly different for all the components of resistant measured in the field and for most of the components measured in the greenhouse. In the field study necrotic area/10 cm2 leaf area was moderately correlated (r=0.58) with lesion number/10 cm2 leaf area and highly correlated (r=0.71–0.76) with total lesion number, predicted number of days after planting (X) to reach a standard lesion count, and defoliation. In the greenhouse only the correlation between necrotic area (mm2)/10 cm2 leaf area and sporulation/leaf was highly significant (r=0.71–0.83) in both greenhouse tests. Necrotic area (mm2)/10 cm2 leaf area measured in the field was significantly correlated with that measured in the greenhouse (r=0.66). Sporulation/leaf measured in the greennhouse was significantly correlated (r=0.66) with lesion increase in the field (measured as predicted X). It should thus be possible to evaluate and select for components of partial resistance in the greenhouse to develop resistant lines for the field. 相似文献
14.
The cultivated tetraploid Gossypium barbadense L. cotton produces superior natural fibers for the textile industry in the world. However, the possibility in utilization of heterosis to further increase its lint yield has not been extensively explored. In this study, two commercial US Pima cotton cultivars and three exotic G. barbadense lines, together with all of their possible hybrids in F1 and F2 progeny without reciprocals, were tested for lint yield, yield components, and fiber quality traits in four environments in 2005–2007. With a few exceptions, genotype (G), environment (E), and G × E were all significant or highly significant for all the traits studied. General combining ability (GCA) variances for all the traits in both F1 and F2 were also significant, while specific combining ability (SCA) variances were detected only for lint yield, fiber length, and micronaire in both generations and boll weight in F1. GCA × E was also detected for lint percent, seed index, and fiber length in both F1 and F2, and boll weight in F1, but none of the traits had significant SCA × E. As a group, F1 and F2 out-yielded the parent group by 20–40% and 6–10%, respectively. Mid-parent heterosis (MPH) for lint yield in F1 was generally positive, ranging from ?4.7 to 116.4% with an average of 21.2–48.7%, while lint yield MPH in F2 ranged from ?23.3 to 69.4% with an average of 6.4–12.4%. However, useful heterosis in lint yield was only detected in the hybrid between the two US commercial cultivars Pima S-7 and DP 340. MPH for other traits was low or not detected. MPH in F2 was lower than that in F1 but they were generally positively correlated. The genetic distances (GD) of the parents (based on 467 polymorphic RAPD and AFLP markers) between the five parents was not consistently correlated with MPH and SCA of their hybrids and dominant effects for lint yield and other traits. However, significant and positive correlations between GD of parents and the performance of their hybrids were detected for lint yield, lint percentage, and lint index in both F1 and F2 in most of the tests. GD of parents was also correlated with their GCA and additive effects in lint yield, lint percent, lint index, micronaire, plant height, and elongation. The results suggest that the close correlation between GD and hybrid performance per se was mainly due to the existence of GCA and additive effects from parents. 相似文献
15.
为明确重庆市菜用黄麻营养成分及其营养价值,为其产业发展和推广提供参考依据,根据食品和蔬菜主要营养成分测定方法,分别测定菜用黄麻嫩叶和老叶中的营养成分、矿物质元素以及氨基酸成分,并通过氨基酸评分（AAS）、化学评分（CS）及氨基酸比值系数分（SRCAA）对蛋白价值进行评价。结果表明：重庆市菜用黄麻蛋白质含量较高,且富含VC、VB2和VB6,含有丰富的矿物质元素,具有高钾、低钠、高钙的特征,且铁、锌、硒含量较高;氨基酸种类齐全,含有被检测的17种氨基酸;几种氨基酸评价结果均显示菜用黄麻蛋白为高营养价值蛋白质,其中,蛋氨酸+半胱氨酸为菜用黄麻蛋白的第1限制氨基酸,苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸含量很高。说明重庆市菜用黄麻的营养价值较高,可以作为高品质蔬菜品种加以推广和开发。 相似文献
16.
甘薯贮藏期呼吸强度与主要品质的变化研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
摘要：研究了6个甘薯品种在适温贮藏期间呼吸强度、干率、淀粉、可溶性糖、还原糖、蛋白质的变化及其相关性分析。结果表明,甘薯适温贮藏期间呼吸强度、可溶性糖含量变化呈高到低再到高的趋势曲线,且与其干率密切相关;淀粉含量在贮藏期呈现缓慢下降的趋势;甘薯块根干率与淀粉含量、呼吸强度呈极显著正相关,与蛋白质含量呈显著正相关;干率、淀粉含量和蛋白质含量都与还原糖含量呈极显著负相关;蛋白质与可溶性糖呈极显著负相关;可溶性糖与还原糖呈极显著正相关。 相似文献
17.
Diallel crosses have been widely used for analysis of general combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability (SCA) and heterosis. In the present research, 12 lines were selected from 60 inbred rice bred by International Rice Research Institute with extremely-high or -low yielding records according to the previous three consecutive seasons of yield trial experiments, to construct a half diallel cross. The genetic distances (GDs) revealed by molecular markers for the 12 lines ranged from 0.2288 to 0.7169, averaging at 0.5882; clustering analysis showed the 12 lines were divided into four groups maintaining the original cluster structure of the 60 lines. The positive loci (PLs) including effective-increasing loci (ILs) and effective-decreasing loci (DLs) were screened. The results showed that hybrids derived from those parents with higher GCA effects had better performance for traits of yield and yield components. The SCA effects were strongly correlated to F1 performance as well as heterosis; the GDs based on ILs were significantly positive correlated to SCA effects and heterosis for yield and yield components while the GDs based on DLs showed the significant negative correlations. Based on this research, a new conception, i.e. general sum of combining ability (GSCA) was conceived, which is defined as the sum of GCAs for two parents of a hybrid. The GSCA and SCA showed similar correlations with traits of yield and yield components. The results illustrated that ILs could be used for further study on prediction of heterosis for traits of yield and yield components; and GSCA may be another considerable parameter combined with ILs for breeders in selecting elite hybrid. 相似文献
18.
Summary The group 1 and 6 inter-varietal chromosome substitution lines of Cappelle-Desprez (Bezostaya 1) were intercrossed along with the donor and recipient varieties, Cappelle-Desprez and Bezostaya 1, to give 36 genetically different families. The analysis of the means of these families showed that variation in SDS-sedimentation volume fitted a predominantly additive model. There were no significant within or between chromosome interactions among the group 1 and 6 chromosomes. Nor was there any evidence for interactions between these chromosomes and those of the background. Significant dominance/within chromosome interactions amongst the background chromosomes were however detected. Some of the positive effects on SDS-sedimentation were associated with increased grain hardness. Chromosome effects on % grain protein were not correlated with SDS-sedimentation. 相似文献
19.
利用陆地棉34B与海岛棉Giza70杂交所得的稳定的高代回交自交系BC2F4:6 、BC2F4:7家系,开展了三个环境下纤维细度等品质性状的相关分析。结果表明：1)纺纱均匀指数与长度、整齐度、比强度呈极显著正相关,与伸长率呈极显著负相关。纤维长度和比强度间均存在极显著的正相关,与伸长率呈极显著负相关。2) HVI 900测定的麦克隆值与比强度和纺纱均匀指数呈极显著负相关;成熟度比率与麦克隆值呈显著或极显著正相关,与线密度呈极显著负相关,与其它性状间的相关性三个环境下都不一致;线密度与纺纱均匀指数呈极显著正相关,与长度、比强度均达到极显著或显著负相关,与整齐度不相关,与伸长率为负相关。相对而言,线密度与各性状的相关性要比HVI 900测定的麦克隆值和成熟度比率稳定,受环境影响小,有必要进一步加强对线密度的选择及深入研究。 相似文献