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“富有”柿嫁接砧木选择的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
“富有”柿是我国最早从日本引种的甜柿优良品种之一，在嫁接过程中，选择适宜的砧木类型是繁殖成功的关键。１９８７－１９９１年，中国林科院亚林所选用了柿属７个种１２个类型作砧木，进行了“富有”柿嫁接试验，从不同砧苗的出苗率，生长量，以及不同砧木类型嫁接苗的成活率，生长量和亲和性等方面进行比较，从中筛选出了浙江柿和野柿６号为嫁接“富有”柿的两个优良砧木类型。 相似文献
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以浙江柿、君迁子、油柿及537号和514号2种不同柿品种为砧木的‘阳丰’甜柿嫁接苗为试材,对不同砧木的嫁接苗高生长、抗氧化物酶活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量及叶绿素含量等指标的年动态变化进行观测分析,初步评价不同砧木的甜柿嫁接苗苗期亲和性差异。结果表明:(1)以浙江柿、柿537号、柿514号为砧木的甜柿嫁接苗生长速率高于以油柿和君迁子为砧木的嫁接苗;(2)以油柿为砧木嫁接苗的叶绿素及可溶性蛋白含量最低,嫁接苗出现提前衰老的现象;(3)以油柿为砧木的嫁接苗MDA含量均高于其余4种嫁接苗,在生长后期表现更明显;而以油柿为砧木的嫁接苗抗氧化物酶活性在生长前期低于其余4种嫁接苗,在生长后期高于其余4种嫁接苗,砧穗间相互适应性较弱;(4)根据各指标的年动态变化,结合生长及生理指标的主成分分析和隶属函数法分析,得出5种不同砧木的甜柿嫁接苗苗期亲和性强弱顺序:浙江柿>柿537号>柿514号>君迁子>油柿。浙江柿、柿537号、柿514号适宜作‘阳丰’甜柿的砧木,而油柿不宜作‘阳丰’甜柿的砧木。 相似文献
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我区栽植柿树历史悠久 ,所产柿饼被誉为“曹州耿饼”而弛名中外。为了繁育柿树苗木 ,我们在柿树嫁接繁殖方法上进行了对比试验。总结出一种柿树嫁接繁植切实可行的方法———柿苗带木质芽接技术 ,此项技术加大了芽接时芽片面积 ,明显提高了成活率 ,大田嫁接成活率一般在 90 %以上 ,且省工、省力、方便、快捷。1 砧木接穗选择砧木选用郓城县林业局国有苗圃地的君迁子Ｄ ＬｏｔｕｓＬ 2年生苗 ;接穗选用 :罗田甜柿、日本富有、磨盘柿、镜面柿、牛心柿等 5个品种。2 接芽的切取在 1年生的枝条上选择生长发育饱满的芽 ,在芽下方 1 0ｃｍ处斜… 相似文献
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<正> 柿树适应性强,产量高,收益大,被誉为“铁杆庄稼”。柿子的蛋白质,脂肪和碳水化合物总含量达90%以上,柿子及其加工制品,不仅有较高的营养价值,而且具有很好的医疗作用。黄冈地区柿树资源相当丰富,主要分布在罗田和麻城两个县(市),其产量占全区80%以上。本地区有宝盖柿、磨盘柿、牛心柿、盒柿、丁香柿、野柿、牛眼柿、八方柿及甜柿等10多个品种。其中甜柿、磨盘柿、盒柿为本地的主要发展品种。甜柿为国内罕有的天然脱涩的优良鲜食品种,能与日本的“富有”媲美。 相似文献
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《林业科技开发》2001,(2)
甜柿优良品种及早实优质高产栽培技术该成果内容主要包括 :(1)收集 16 0多个柿属种质资源 ,建成我国南方第一个种质资源圃。 (2 )筛选出野柿 6号、1号两个优质砧木 ,解决了甜柿繁殖难关。 (3)采取配套先进栽培技术在立地条件较差的南方红壤低山丘陵地区引种 ,取得次郎品种早期丰产园 2年结果、3年投产、5年单产超过75 0 0ｋｇ/ｈｍ2 、7年单产达 1 5万ｋｇ/ｈｍ2 的良好成效。达到了早实丰产目标 ,从 2 0多个品种中筛选出适于我国栽培的 6个品种。 (4 )全面系统地开展了甜柿各品种的生物学特性研究 ,营养成分分析 ,果实发育过程中单宁、糖分… 相似文献
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东皋长柿选择浙江柿、油柿、野柿、君迁子作砧木，采用春枝接，春动砧根枝接，秋芽接进行试验。结果表明：４种砧木与东皋长柿组合苗期表现亲和性，春枝接和秋芽接成活率均在９０％以上；春动砧根枝接可选择油柿作砧木，成活率９０％以上，其它３种砧木成活率低，不宜采用。 相似文献
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在柿属砧木资源调查研究基础上，选择７种１２个类型，对其种子、幼苗形态、生长特性进行了详细研究。砧苗年生长动态可用Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ曲线模拟，全年８月上旬到９月下旬的生长量最大。不同砧木的出苗率１年生长量有显著差异，以浙江柿１号、君迁子等生长最快，根系最发达。四种不同类型间生长特性也明显差异，在作砧木利用时需加以选择。 相似文献
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Planting stock type and quality can have an important impact on early growth rates of plantations. The goal of this study was to evaluate early growth and root/shoot development of different planting materials in typical heavy clay soils of northwestern Quebec. Using one-year-old bareroot hybrid poplar dormant stock, four planting materials were compared: (1) regular bareroot stock, (2) rootstock (stem pruned before planting), (3) whips (roots pruned before planting), and (4) cuttings (30 cm stem sections taken from the basal portion of bareroot trees, i.e. roots and shoot pruned). Rooted stock types (bareroot and rootstock) produced, on average, 1.2 times larger trees than unrooted stock types (cuttings and whips). However, shoot-pruned stock types (rootstocks and cuttings) reached similar heights and basal diameters as unpruned stock types (bareroots and whips), during the first growing season. Shoot pruning reduced leaf carbon isotopic ratios, suggesting that unpruned stock types were water-stressed during the first growing season. The stress was most likely caused by early leaf development while root growth occurred later in the summer. We conclude that shoot pruning bareroot stock is a useful management option to reduce planting stress without compromising early growth rates of hybrid poplars. 相似文献
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历经4年,对湖南省柿树资源、栽培技术和加工利用进行系统调查研究。观察了各种或品种的形态特征、生长发育情况,分析了果实营养成分、过氧化物同工酶、染色体及核型。将全省柿树资源归纳为8大类型27个种或品种,冰糖柿是最原始近缘祖先,湘西南是柿树发源地。为柿树资源研究和开发提供了系统的理论依据。 相似文献
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对影响油茶芽苗砧嫁接苗成活率及其生长的诸因子进行分析探讨,结果表明,不同物种、种源、种子大小的苗砧及苗砧的不同发育阶段、枝条类型及接芽的差别,都将造成嫁接苗成活与生长的差异。油茶种子的贮藏,接穗的贮存保鲜,加罩防护方式和荫棚的透光率等,也将影响到嫁接苗的成活与生长。为合理制定油茶芽苗砧嫁接的技术措施提供了依据。 相似文献
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通过研究野皂荚嫁接皂荚的不同嫁接方法、不同砧木粗度对嫁接苗成活率和生长量的影响。结果表明,插皮接和劈接的成活率均达到82%以上,嫁接当年新梢停止生长后高长量达到2 m以上。但劈接法比较费时、费工,最佳的嫁接方法为插皮接。不同砧木粗度对嫁接成活率的影响不大,但砧木越粗接穗的生长量越大。因此,在野皂荚改嫁皂荚定株时,要尽可能保留地径较粗的野皂荚进行嫁接。 相似文献
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M. S. Lamhamedi P. Y. Bernier C. Hbert R. Jobidon 《Forest Ecology and Management》1998,110(1-3):13-23
Three different stock sizes of containerized black spruce (Picea mariana [Mill.] B.S.P.) seedlings were planted in an abandoned agricultural field. The small planting stock was of a conventional type produced in 110 cm3 containers. The experimental medium and large stock types were produced in 340 and 700 cm3 containers, respectively. Gas exchange, xylem water potential and dry masses were measured six times during each of the first two growing seasons in field plots with and without vegetation control. During the first growing season, the effect of planting shock masked most physiological and growth differences among seedling types. During the second growing season, in plots with vegetation control, small and medium seedlings had similar values of physiological variables and of growth as measured by relative growth rates (RGR), but the large seedlings showed lower values of both net photosynthesis and of RGR, a difference attributed to low initial quality of the root system in the larger seedlings. In plots without vegetation control, the trend was identical, but differences were not significant; the greater height of the larger seedlings, and the resulting greater access to light, compensated for their lower initial quality. The similarity in response between the medium and the small seedlings shows that a fourfold increase in shoot size (1.68–6.82 g) in the initial size and a doubling of the shoot : root ratio (2.17–4.54) of the planting stock did not result in increased planting shock or reduced growth in these containerized conifer stock types. The results also show the importance of the interaction between stock height and the vertical light profile created by the competing vegetation in the final assessment of stock performance. 相似文献
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Containerized black spruce (Picea mariana [Mill.] B.S.P.) seedlings of three different sizes (small, medium, and large) were planted in raised sand beds maintained under wet, moderately dry or dry watering regimes during the growing season. The small seedlings were of a conventional stock type. The two larger sizes were novel stock types grown in larger containers. Physiological measurements during the summer showed that the small and medium seedlings maintained nearly similar levels of gas exchanges and water status, but that the large seedlings had reduced net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance under all watering regimes. Analysis of dry masses showed comparable relative growth rates in the small and medium seedlings, but a small to null growth in the large seedlings. Examination of root relative growth rate under wet conditions revealed significant root growth in small and medium seedlings, but negligible growth in the large seedlings. It was concluded that increasing the shoot size of containerized seedlings can be achieved without increasing the susceptibility of the seedlings to water stress, as long as the vigour of the root system is maintained. 相似文献
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苗木培育是渭北旱原柿树生产面临的困难之一。嫁接是培育高质量柿树苗的主要措施。本文对柿树砧木苗培育,砧木苗龄、粗度选择以及嫁接时间、嫁接方法,嫁接技术等进行了试验,探索出一条本地区比较实用的柿树嫁接苗培育技术,期望在生产上有一定参考价值。 相似文献
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This research examined the first year growth characteristics of cold stored and transplanted nursery-produced aspen (Populus tremuloides) seedlings (container and bareroot (BR)) and compared it to the growth of seedlings that had not been transplanted (established
from germinants in the field) and therefore had an unrestricted root system (UR). Prior to planting, nursery-produced seedlings
were placed in cold storage (−3°C) and root growth potential (RGP) and total non-structural carbohydrate (TNC) root reserves
were tested at 0, 10, 75 and after 150 (container) and 190 days (BR) of storage. Both container and BR stock had much lower
root to shoot ratios (RSRs) and root carbohydrate reserves compared to UR seedlings after 170 days. During storage, root reserves
in container stock declined faster than in the BR and UR seedlings. RGP in all nursery stock was the highest after 75 days
of storage, while longer storage resulted in shoot dieback and reduced root growth. After the first growing season, UR seedlings
were one tenth the size of the nursery stock; however, in the second growing season they had no stem dieback and grew twice
the height and stem diameter. The higher RSRs and root reserves in the UR seedlings was likely caused by early bud set in
its first year of growth. This suggests that inducing bud set earlier in the growing regime might allow seedlings to increase
root mass and carbohydrate reserves. 相似文献