共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 489 毫秒
1.
砧木和接穗苗龄对顶插接法西瓜嫁接苗生长发育的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用二因素完全随机设计,研究不同砧木和接穗苗龄对顶插接法西瓜嫁接苗成活率、嫁接苗形态指标、叶绿素含量及根系活力的影响。结果发现,随着砧木苗龄的增大,嫁接苗的根系活力均呈先增加后降低的趋势,叶片数、接穗干质量、嫁接成活率、茎粗、叶片叶绿素含量的变化各异;随着接穗苗龄的增大,嫁接苗的嫁接成活率、叶片数、茎粗、接穗干质量、叶片叶绿素含量、根系活力均表现为先增高后降低的趋势。采用隶属函数法综合评价西瓜嫁接苗的质量,发现接穗苗龄9~13d、砧木苗龄11~15 d的西瓜嫁接苗隶属函数值较大,是适合西瓜顶插接法的接穗和砧木最佳苗龄时期。 相似文献
2.
砧木、接穗不同苗龄对茄子双断根嫁接苗愈合及根系再生的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以托鲁巴姆砧木,以威十六长茄为接穗,采用双断根方式进行嫁接,研究了不同苗龄茄子砧木、接穗嫁接对双断根嫁接苗愈合及根系再生的影响。结果表明,茄子砧木的苗龄较大,有利于其再生根生长发育,砧木苗龄较小,则再生根产生较晚,生长较慢;砧木与接穗的苗龄相差较大,不利于嫁接部位愈合,导致嫁接苗的成活率较低;砧木与接穗的苗龄相近,嫁接苗成活率高,愈合效果好;茄子双断根嫁接的最适苗龄为接穗4~5片真叶,砧木5片真叶,且接穗与砧木同苗龄或接穗比砧木小1片苗龄为宜(即处理E45、E55、E56)。 相似文献
3.
《中国瓜菜》2019,(9):7-13
通过分析外源施用植物激素NAA(萘乙酸)条件下甜瓜嫁接愈合3个关键时期(隔离层形成期、愈伤组织形成期、维管束桥形成期)保护性酶活性及相关基因表达的变化,探析外源施用NAA对甜瓜愈合过程中生理及其基因表达特性的影响。以蘸取清水的嫁接苗为对照,外源施用40 mg·L-1NAA的嫁接苗为处理,薄皮甜瓜‘银泉一号’为接穗,白籽南瓜‘圣砧一号’为砧木,采用顶端贴接法嫁接。利用石蜡切片筛选嫁接愈合关键时期,测定嫁接愈合过程中4种关键代谢酶(SOD、POD、PPO和PAL)活性,并利用实时荧光定量(qRT-PCR)测定其相关基因表达量。通过石蜡切片观察发现,外源NAA处理后,愈伤组织形成期和维管束桥形成期较对照提前1 d。SOD、POD酶活性呈先升高后降低的趋势,在愈伤组织形成期达到最高值,且酶活性显著高于对照,PAL酶活性在愈合过程中均高于对照,且在维管束桥形成时期达到最高值。PPO酶活性在隔离层形成期显著高于对照,随后其活性略低于对照,但差异不显著。除CmPOD外,外源NAA处理能够显著提高CmFe-SOD、CmCu-Zn-SOD、CmMn-SOD、CmPPO相对表达量,且其变化趋势与酶活性基本一致。综合分析表明,外源施用NAA后,缩短了甜瓜嫁接苗的愈合期,并且能够诱导影响嫁接愈合的关键酶基因表达,提高其相关酶活性,进而促进甜瓜嫁接苗的愈合进程。 相似文献
4.
不同温度和光照处理对西瓜嫁接苗生长的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
温度和光照是影响嫁接成活的重要环境因子,西瓜嫁接愈合过程分为0~3、4~6、7~8d3个阶段,不同愈合阶段下温度和光照的精细化管理目前尚不明晰。该试验以"早佳84-24"西瓜接穗为试材,以2个与接穗亲和性好的葫芦和南瓜为砧木,研究了西瓜嫁接苗愈合期间2个温度和3个光照组合处理对嫁接苗成活、生长和种苗质量的影响。结果表明:在嫁接后0~3d温度为28℃/23℃,4~6d温度为25℃/20℃,7~8d温度为23℃/18℃,光照处理0~3d为75μmol·m-2·s-1,4~6d为150μmol·m-2·s-1,7~8d为225μmol·m-2·s-1时西瓜嫁接苗成活率最高,且幼苗质量最佳,是适合西瓜嫁接苗愈合管理的温度和光照参数。 相似文献
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我们在嫁接苗嫁接后接穗内源激素的定量分析的前提下,针对嫁接后内源生长素和细胞分裂素在第3d开始迅速下降的现象,为补充其不足,促进砧木与接穗的愈合过程,进行接穗嫁接前喷施NAA和NAA 6-BA,探索其对提高成活率和促进接穗生长中的作用。 相似文献
7.
以西瓜品种早佳84-24为接穗,南瓜品种砧壮为砧木,研究不同砧/穗苗龄对机器嫁接苗生长发育的影响。结果表明,砧/穗苗龄显著影响嫁接苗成活质量和生根,其中,影响嫁接成活率、嫁接苗侧根数、根长度和根体积等的主要因素是砧木苗龄,影响叶片健全指数的主要因素是接穗苗龄,心叶绝对生长速率受砧/穗苗龄的共同影响,但无显著相关性。采用满意度综合评价确定适宜机械化贴接的砧木苗龄为16 d,即第1片真叶1角硬币大小,茎粗3.20±0.16 mm;接穗苗龄为16～19 d,即第1片真叶露心到一叶一心期,茎粗2.76±0.23 mm。 相似文献
8.
《中国瓜菜》2016,(12):38-40
为了研究不同砧木与甜瓜嫁接亲和性,分别用厚皮和薄皮甜瓜做接穗,用南瓜、葫芦和野生西瓜作砧木,通过嫁接成活率、植株长势、单株果实平均质量等8个指标研究嫁接亲和性。结果表明,厚皮和薄皮甜瓜用南瓜作砧木,平均成活率分别为87%和70%;用葫芦作砧木,平均成活率分别为76%和80%;用野生西瓜作砧木,平均成活率均为10%;定植后,南瓜砧木嫁接苗生长最快,果实平均质量比对照高30%以上,薄皮甜瓜处理单株结果数量低于对照,葫芦砧木嫁接苗生长比对照慢,在伸蔓期,80%植株黄化死亡。野生西瓜作砧木,定植20 d后,80%植株黄化死亡。综上所述,南瓜类型砧木与甜瓜嫁接亲和性最好,其次为葫芦,野生西瓜亲和性最差。 相似文献
9.
为了明确茄子嫁接后砧木、接穗残株的再生进程及再次嫁接利用的可行性,以茄砧1号、园杂471为砧木和接穗品种,研究砧木、接穗残株再生苗的生长发育进程,并比较残株再生苗嫁接与初次嫁接苗的愈合情况和生长指标。结果表明:茄子嫁接后砧木残株扦插再生、接穗残株腋芽再生30 d左右均可形成健壮的幼苗,植株茎粗可达2.5 mm左右,与播种育苗相比,砧木、接穗分别缩短育苗时间约45、10 d;利用砧木、接穗残株进行嫁接,嫁接苗成活率、木质部输导能力、砧/穗接合力及35 d嫁接苗净生长量与初次嫁接苗无显著差异。茄子残株嫁接苗砧木与接穗培养成本明显低于初次嫁接苗,按万株嫁接苗计,可节约生产成本696.4元。综上,茄子嫁接后砧/穗残株可以嫁接再利用,并可提高经济效益。 相似文献
10.
以茄子砧木品种茄砧1号和接穗品种快圆茄为试材,采用显微观察等方法,研究不同夜温(19、24、29℃)对茄子套管嫁接苗愈合速率及质量的影响。结果表明:在29℃昼温条件下,随着夜温的升高,茄子嫁接苗接合部愈伤组织细胞层数增加,接合部直径增大,但维管束连接及愈合进程减缓,木质部输导能力减弱,愈合质量下降。夜温为19℃的处理,嫁接后第13天隔离层完全消失,维管束连接,愈合进程较快,木质部输导能力比夜温29℃处理提高了72.89%;夜温为29℃的处理,嫁接后前9d愈伤组织产生较多,接合部直径明显增大,比夜温19℃处理提高了13.35%,但愈合进程较慢。综上,在昼温29℃的情况下,夜温19℃最有利于茄子嫁接苗的愈合。 相似文献
11.
为探明番茄嫁接后砧木、接穗残株再生性及再利用的可行性,以番茄砧木品种久绿787和接穗品种佳红4号为试材,研究砧木、接穗残株再生苗的生长发育进程,比较再生苗与初次嫁接苗的愈合情况和生长指标。结果表明:番茄嫁接后砧木残株可扦插再生、接穗残株可腋芽再生形成完整的幼苗,与播种形成幼苗相比,砧木残株扦插苗和接穗残株腋芽再生苗达到嫁接苗龄的时间可缩短16 d;利用砧木、接穗残株嫁接,嫁接苗成活率、接合力、输导能力及后期生长参数与初次嫁接苗差异不显著。通过嫁接苗培养成本比较,利用砧/穗残株进行嫁接的幼苗生产成本明显低于初次嫁接苗,按每万株嫁接苗计,可节约成本875.5元。说明番茄嫁接后砧/穗残株可以嫁接再利用,并可明显提高经济效益。 相似文献
12.
为探讨番茄根系与接穗及其互作效应影响嫁接苗耐冷性的效应大小与生理机制,以耐冷性强的番茄‘060112’(R)和冷敏感番茄‘060911’(S)为试材,采用靠接法进行嫁接,组成双根双穗嫁接苗RS/RS,待嫁接苗成活后通过断根或断穗,形成R/R、R/RS、R/S、S/R、S/RS和S/S共6个根/穗组合处理,置于光强22 klx、光周期12 h/12 h光照培养箱,测定昼夜温度10℃/3℃低温胁迫9 d及25℃/15℃常温恢复3 d时嫁接苗叶片和根系中活性氧水平及As A-GSH循环中关键酶和抗氧化物质的变化。结果表明,低温胁迫显著提高了番茄嫁接苗叶片和根系中H_2O_2含量及超氧阴离子产生速率,但耐冷性强的R根系嫁接苗活性氧水平显著低于冷敏感的S根系嫁接苗,虽然R接穗嫁接苗活性氧水平亦显著低于S接穗嫁接苗,但降幅不及根系嫁接苗的大,表明根系在增强嫁接苗耐冷性中的作用大于接穗。低温胁迫下,各处理嫁接苗叶片和根系As A-GSH循环中关键酶(APX、MDHAR、DHAR、GR)活性和抗氧化物质(As A、DHA、GSH、GSSG)的含量均显著增加,且除DHA和GSSG外,均以R根系或R接穗嫁接苗较高,S根系或S接穗嫁接苗较低,RS根系或RS接穗嫁接苗居中,表明低温胁迫下耐冷性强的R根系或接穗嫁接苗的抗氧化能力显著高于S根系或接穗嫁接苗。具RS双接穗的嫁接苗中又以RS-R叶片的抗氧化能力显著高于RS-S叶片,且互作效应的P值小于0.01(或0.05),表明根、穗对嫁接苗耐冷性存在显著的互作效应。 相似文献
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以"巨根"辣椒为砧木,"龙椒六号"辣椒为接穗,以砧木不断根常规嫁接和辣椒自根苗分别作为对照,研究双断根套管嫁接方法对辣椒嫁接苗愈合及苗期生长的影响,以期为辣椒种植提供参考依据。结果表明:双断根套管嫁接可有效预防辣椒嫁接苗的徒长,显著提高壮苗指数。辣椒双断根套管嫁接时,砧木与接穗结合部的伤口愈合与砧木根系再生同时进行。嫁接可以有效提高根系活力,采取双断根套管嫁接后根系活力的提升更显著,根系活力随着嫁接时间的延长呈现降低趋势,双断根套管嫁接始终显著高于常规嫁接苗。2种嫁接方法之间的输导组织运输能力差异不显著;与自根苗相比,2种嫁接方法的输导能力在结合部愈合前期显著降低,在结合部完全愈合、嫁接苗成活后(嫁接后20 d)输导能力显著提高,且双断根方法略高于常规嫁接。 相似文献
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Yulien Miguelez-Sierra Annia Hernández-Rodríguez Yanelis Acebo-Guerrero Marie Baucher Mondher El Jaziri 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2017,92(1):25-30
This study aimed to evaluate in vitro grafting of Theobroma cacao where seedlings of the UF 677 genotype were used as the rootstock and apices or axillary buds of a Trinitarian genotype were used as scion. Three methods of grafting using scions from seedlings were evaluated. Apical grafts using apex and side grafts using apex displayed better graft success (95 and 80%, respectively). However, side grafts using axillary buds reached a greater height on average and a higher number of leaves per plant (1.76 cm and 3.72, respectively). Histological studies revealed new vascular elements at the graft union area. Side grafts with axillary buds provided the highest survival rate (82%) after the acclimatization step. A shoot of at least 1 cm with two leaves is required for plant survival after transfer to ex vitro conditions. Side grafting was carried out with axillary buds from adult trees and nursery plants. Only the grafts with buds from nursery grafted plants were successful, with a rate of 26%. Overall, side grafting with axillary buds is the most appropriate method for cacao micrografting. This method can be used for clonal propagation and for the establishment of in vivo and/or in vitro cacao germplasm collection. 相似文献
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S.L. Ferreira-Silva E.N. Silva F.E.L. Carvalho C.S. de Lima F.A.L. Alves J.A.G. Silveira 《Scientia Horticulturae》2010
In this study we evaluated the influence of rootstocks and scions on physiological disturbances that are induced by salinity in cashew (Anacardium occidentale) plantlets. Two cashew genotypes, CCP 09 and BRS 226, were utilized as rootstocks and scions, resulting in four scion/rootstock combinations by reciprocal grafting. The plantlets were irrigated in absence (control) or in presence of 50 or 200 mM NaCl for 15 days under greenhouse conditions. The plantlets with BRS 226 as rootstocks demonstrated higher transpiration and greater accumulations of Na+ and Cl−, proline and free amino acids in leaves compared to plantlets that having CCP 09 as rootstocks. The K+ content in roots and leaves of all four combinations was not influenced by salinity or by different scion/rootstock combinations. The self-grafting of the BRS 226 genotype showed the highest stability for chlorophyll and Rubisco, exhibiting the highest tolerance to salinity. The scion genotype did not affect any of the studied physiological parameters. The studied physiological disturbances induced by salinity in cashew plantlets were more influenced by rootstock than by scion and these changes were also dependent on compatibility between scion and rootstock. 相似文献
16.
H.L. Zhang Z.K. Zhang J.G. Li 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(5):399-404
SummarySix wild species of Eriobotrya were evaluated as rootstocks for domesticated loquat. Twelve-month-old seedlings of Oak leaf loquat (an Oak Leaf loquat ‘Zaozhong No. 6’ hybrid) and wild Fragrant loquat (E. fragrans Champ) had higher root-to-shoot fresh weight (FW) ratios than other wild species. When the domesticated loquat, ‘Zaozhong No. 6’, was grafted onto seedlings of six different wild loquat species, differences in compatibility were observed. Graft compatibility was lower for all combinations compared to ‘Zaozhong No. 6’ grafted onto domesticated loquat seedlings. When wild Henry loquat was used as a rootstock, delayed incompatibility was observed. Differences in soluble sugar contents (SSC) between scion and rootstock were observed, and there was a significant negative correlation between graft compatibility and the difference in SSC values. The influence of the rootstock on anatomical changes at the graft union were observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Wild rootstocks also influenced scion growth, fruit bearing, and fruit quality. Graft combinations which used wild Fragrant loquat as the rootstock had increased cold tolerance and improved scion growth. Wild Fragrant loquat therefore appears to have value as a rootstock for domesticated loquat. 相似文献
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S. Mukhopadhyay Jaishree Rai B. C. Sharma Anita Gurung R. K. Sengupta P. S. Nath 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(3):493-499
SummaryMicropropagation of Darjeeling orange (Darjeeling mandarin) was done by shoot-tip grafting on the local rootstocks rough lemon, sour orange and Rangpur lime. Seedlings of these plants were raised in MS medium in standard conditions of temperature, light duration and plant age. Microbuds (0.2 mm long), aseptically excised from the scion, were grafted onto the decapitated rootstock seedlings. The micrografts in culture medium were grown under standard lighting. Rootstock seedlings showed optimum growth at 25–30°C. Optimum growth of the micrografts resulted from treatment in complete darkness for 4 d after grafting followed by exposure to 750 W for 16 h d?1 for 15 d and 1500–2000 W for 16 h d?1 for 39 d. The success of micrografting depended on the age of the rootstock seedling which was 21 d, 14 d and 14 d for sour orange, rough lemon and Rangpur lime respectively. The micrografts were then double grafted to the two year old rootstocks seedlings of the respective species and the age of the micrografts for the successful double grafts was also standardized. The survival rate was high with 40 d, 45 d and 45 d micrografts on sour orange, rough lemon and Rangpur lime respectively. The double-grafts were then indexed for tristeza virus and greening disease after six months’ growth in an insect-proof screenhouse and found to be free from these graft transmissible diseases. 相似文献