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1.
甜樱桃四倍体杂种砧木Y1高频、高效离体再生体系研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以甜樱桃四倍体矮化砧木Y1试管苗叶片为外植体,探讨了不同基本培养基、激素组合、暗培养时间和叶片发育阶段对其不定芽再生的影响,建立甜樱桃四倍体矮化砧木的高频、高效离体再生体系,为进一步进行遗传转化研究奠定基础。结果表明,甜樱桃四倍体矮化砧木Y1采用WPM培养基再生效果最好,明显优于MS和DKW培养基;最佳激素组合为6-BA2.0 mg.L-1+IBA1.0 mg.L-1;接种后暗培养可以明显提高不定芽再生率,最适宜暗培养时间为14 d;Y1试管苗顶部完全展开的幼嫩叶片再生能力最高。通过以上条件的优化,成功建立了甜樱桃四倍体矮化砧木的高频、高效离体再生体系,离体叶片不定芽再生率达90%,每叶片平均再生不定芽数达4.1。 相似文献
2.
SummaryA number of factors were assessed for their effects on in vitro shoot proliferation and adventitious shoot regeneration. More in vitro leaves of a quality suitable for use in regeneration and transformation experiments were obtained from shoots on DKW proliferation medium compared with MS medium, and also on MS and DKW media containing phloroglucinol. Compared with MS medium, shoot proliferation was greater on MS with halved levels of NH4NO3 and KNO3. Adventitious shoots were hyperhydric on MS-based but not on DKW-based regeneration medium. More adventitious shoots regenerated on media solidified with Sigma Agargel than on media with Sigma Phytagel or Gelcarin (FMC). Viable transformed shoots were recovered on Sigma Agar or Agargel but not Phytagel. Wounding of leaf explants by stabbing with needles, and stabbing combined with scoring with a scalpel, increased the number of calli regenerating, and these methods, as well as solely scoring with a scalpel, increased the number of calli regenerating shoots compared with the control. Combined stabbing and scoring resulted in more calli producing shoots than solely scoring or stabbing. Vortexing leaf explants with silicon carbide whiskers increased the percentage of subsequently formed calli that regenerated shoots compared with the control. Transformed shoots were regenerated following co-cultivation with Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA101 harbouring the binary vector pSCV1.6 (with selectable marker gene npt II and GUS reporter gene uid A). The number of transformed shoots as a percentage of explants varied from 0.5% to 2.2%. Molecular analysis of the four extant transformed lines confirmed integration of the transgene and indicated that in three lines there was one integration site, and in one line there were four sites of integration. 相似文献
3.
《Scientia Horticulturae》2005,106(1):60-69
An efficient, adventitious shoot regeneration protocol was devised, and transient expression studies were carried out to enable Agrobacterium-mediated stable transformation of sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) cultivar Montmorency. Leaves, from in vitro stock cultures, with the petiole removed and four partial cuts made transversely and equidistant through the midrib area were found to be the optimum explant type. A 24 h liquid TDZ-pretreatment (0.05, 0.10 or 0.25 mg/l) in MS medium [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Plant Physiol. 15, 473–497.] of leaf explants stimulated shoot formation upon subsequent culture on QL medium [Quoirin, M., Lepoivre, P., 1977. Improved media for in vitro culture of Prunus sp. Acta Hort. 78, 437–442.] supplemented with 3.0 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l NAA. A frequency of 38.9–54.4% of the explants produced at least one shoot with the maximum mean number of shoots, 4.5 per explant with the 0.10 mg/l TDZ pretreatment. The shoot regeneration scheme was subsequently linked with inoculation with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains EHA105, GV3101 or LBA4404, each harboring the binary plasmid pBISN1. PBISN1 contains an intron interrupted ß-glucuronidase (GUS) gene (gusA) under control of the chimeric super promoter (Aocs)3AmasPmas. Blue stained leaf cells were observed after co-cultivation with all three strains. Co-cultivation for 4 days with 19.6 mg/l acetosyringone (AS) and assay by GUS indicated over 90% of the leaf explants were infected with an average 7.5–8.8 blue foci per explant. No differences were observed in regard to A. tumefaciens strain used. 相似文献
4.
秋水仙素诱导樱桃矮化砧木'吉塞拉6号'获得六倍体再生植株 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以三倍体樱桃矮化砧木'吉塞拉6号'（Prunus ceransus × P. canescens）的离体叶片为外植体,采用秋水仙素诱导处理再生出六倍体植株。将外植体首先在加有秋水仙素（50 mg. L-1）、生长素（IBA 0.5 mg. L-1）和细胞分裂素（BA 5.0 mg. L-1）的改良WPM液体培养基中培养5 d,再转移到不含秋水仙素（其它成分相同）的固体培养基上继续培养56 d,再生出形态变异明显的新梢。采用流式细胞仪鉴定染色体倍性,确定其为六倍体新梢。六倍体植株与三倍体的'吉塞拉6号'植株形态学上有明显差异。六倍体的试管苗已在大田移栽成活,并已成功高接在甜樱桃大树上。 相似文献
5.
F. Famiani N. Ferradini P. Staffolani A. Standardi 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(4):679-685
SUMMARYThe effect of benzyladenine (BA) concentrations both during the last proliferating subculture before regeneration (10-222 and, 444 µM) and during organogenesis (11.1 and 22.2 µM), leaf excision time (15 and 30 d from the beginning of the subculture), leafage and dark treatments, on adventitious shoot regeneration of M.26 apple roostock were evaluated. Leaves excised 30 d after the beginning of the last proliferating subculture and grown wkhout BA in thè medium gave the highest percentages of organogenesis, while the number of "regenerated shoots per leaf did not differ significantly among the different BA x leaf excision time combinations. The highest BA concentration (22.2 µM) in the organogeneticmedium produced thehighest percentage of regenerating leaves, with no differences between the lengths and numbers of shoots per regenerating leaf. The first twMjnfurled apical leaves showed a greater regenerative ability than the third and fourth ones, whereas the lengths and numbers of regenerated shoots per leaf were similar. The highest leaf organogenetic ratejyas observed when darkness was imposed at the begirP-ning of the last proliferating subculture and/or at the beginning of the organogenetic phase, but more regenerated shoots per leaf were obtained with darkness provided at the beginning or at the end of the lastproliferating subculture; shoot lengths were similar in all the dark treatments. The great influence onorganogenesis of all the treatments applied in the last proliferating subculture indicates the importance of this stage inpreparing explants for shoot regeneration and thus the possibility of using inductive factors in this phase. 相似文献
6.
Anandamoy Dam Chayanika Bhattacharya 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2017,92(4):411-423
An efficient indirect somatic embryogenesis and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocol for Limonium sinense has been established, wherein neomycin phosphotransferase II (npt II) and β-glucuronidase (GUS) genes were used as selectable and screenable markers, respectively. The efficiency of plantlet regeneration from transformed tissue was compared between direct embryogenesis from leaf and indirect embryogenesis from callus. Embryogenic callus (EC) was initiated from leaf explants on MS medium supplemented with 6.7 μM 2,4-D and 2.22 μM BA. The somatic embryos were induced, matured, and germinated when ECs were transferred onto MS medium supplemented with 4.44 μM BA and 1.07 μM NAA. Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA 4404 containing the vector pBI121 was used for the transformation. Transient GUS expression frequency was evaluated and putative transgenic plants were successfully grown on culture medium in presence of kanamycin (80–100 mg L?1). PCR analysis of putative transgenic plants confirmed the presence of GUS and nptII genes. The transformation efficiency obtained through indirect embryogenesis from calluses (4%) was much higher than through direct embryogenesis from leaf explants (0.9%). 相似文献
7.
A reproducible procedure was developed for genetic transformation of Hydrangea macrophylla Ser. cv. Blaumeise by Agrobacterium tumefaciens following the development of an efficient regeneration system using leaf discs excised from 12 to 15 weeks old meristem-derived vitroplants. Explants were cultivated on solid B5 medium complemented with maltose 110 mM, BAP 10 μM and NAA 0.5 μM. A low light regime of 17 μmol m−2 s−1 improved regeneration frequency up to 86%. For transformation, leaf discs were inoculated and co-cultivated with two disarmed A. tumefaciens strains, EHA 101 and LBA 4404, both carrying the binary vector pFAJ3000 which contained the nptII selectable gene and the GUS reporter gene. A pre-culture period of 3 days and a short co-cultivation duration (1 day) improved the efficiency of transformation. Inoculation of only 10 min with agitation including (or not) vacuum infiltration was sufficient. If selection on kanamycin containing medium was applied after a 2 weeks culture period on shoot regeneration medium, the percentage of explants forming kanamycin-resistant shoots increased from 3.3 to 13.3%. Integration and expression of the introduced transgene were confirmed by histochemical GUS assay, PCR and Southern blot analysis. Flowering of transgenic plants in glasshouse occurred 10 months after acclimatization. 相似文献
8.
N. Ahmad 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(4):585-589
SummaryAn efficient in vitro regeneration procedure using thidiazuron (TDZ) has been developed to allow high frequency, multiple shoot induction from cotyledonary node explants of cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba). Shoot bud induction occurred on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium after 4 weeks in the presence of TDZ, followed by transfer onto shoot multiplication and elongation media containing MS salts, B5 vitamins, and different combinations of auxins and cytokinins. Multiple shoots were induced at all levels of TDZ in the medium, but the best proliferation capacity occurred at 5 µM TDZ. Combinations of auxins and cytokinins showed a stimulatory effect on shoot multiplication and also on the length of the newly formed shoots. Maximum shoot induction [i.e., the highest number of shoots (16.0 ± 0.94) per explant] was obtained on agar-solidified medium containing 5 µM benzyladenine (BA) with 0.5 µM indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Rooting of in vitro-regenerated shoots was achieved in ex vitro conditions by a pulse treatment with 300 µM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) for 15 min. Rooted plantlets were transferred to soil where 70 – 75% attained sexual maturity and produced viable seeds under greenhouse conditions. The present regeneration system is efficient and can be used in various in vitro manipulation studies. 相似文献
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11.
Ehsan Ullah Khan Xing-Zheng Fu Jing Wang Qi-Jun FanXiao-San Huang Ge-Ning ZhangJie Shi Ji-Hong Liu 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009
In the current work attempts were made to investigate culture of leaf explants derived from in vitro seedlings of two sweet orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) cultivars, Bingtangcheng and Valencia. Effects of several factors, including culture medium, lighting condition, explant age and genotype on regeneration response were examined based on three parameters, percentage of explants producing shoots, mean number of shoots per explant and shoot forming capacity. Culture of the explants on shoot-inducing media (SIM) composed of MT salts supplemented with different growth regulators gave rise to disparate shoot regeneration, in which SIM1 (MT + 0.5 mg L−1 BA + 0.5 mg L−1 Kinetin + 0.1 mg L−1 NAA + 3% sucrose + 0.8% agar, pH 5.8) was shown to be the most effective medium for direct induction of shoots from leaf explants. Highly significant difference in the response of shoot bud regeneration was noted between the two cultivars, with Bingtangcheng being more responsive than Valencia. Culture of explants from fully developed leaves led to better shoot regeneration capacity in comparison to undeveloped ones. However, the two lighting conditions used herein did not cause significant difference in shoot regeneration. Phenotypic observation and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis confirmed that all the regenerated plants from both genotypes were genetically identical to their donor plants, suggesting absence of detectable genetic variation in the regenerated plants. The data presented here demonstrated that direct initiation of plants from leaf explants has been successfully accomplished. To our knowledge, this is the first report on direct regeneration of shoots from leaf explants in Citrus, which will provide an alternative source for citrus genetic manipulation in the future. 相似文献
12.
欧洲甜樱桃幼胚子叶离体培养再生植株研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以欧洲甜樱桃（Prunus avium L.）幼胚子叶为试材,研究了子叶不同发育时期、BA和NAA配比、品种基因型和培养条件等对幼胚子叶离体再生不定芽的影响。结果表明,以MS为基本培养基,附加BA 2.0 mg·L-1＋NAA 0.2 mg·L-1,用PF（子叶的长度/胚的长度×100）﹦50～80发育阶段的子叶,那翁幼胚子叶再生不定芽效果最好,再生率最高可达79.2﹪。暗培养2周后再转入光照下培养,对欧洲甜樱桃子叶再生不定芽具有一定的促进作用。欧洲甜樱桃其他品种的子叶再生率,雷尼尔为72.2﹪,先锋为61.1﹪,拉宾斯为33.3﹪。子叶再生不定芽全部发生于子叶的正面近胚芽端切口处,表现出明显的极性效应。 相似文献
13.
P. Babu 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(4):400-404
SummaryIn vitro regeneration and transformation studies were conducted on two cultivars of gladiolus. Cormels of 1.0 to 1.5 cm diameter cut into 2–3 mm thick slices of top, middle and bottom, and in vitro derived bisected shoot tips were used as explants on MS medium supplemented with 18.6 μM kinetin for multiple shoot induction. Amongst the cormel slices, the top slice gave better shoot induction response of 89% with an average of 2.4 shoots per explant over both cultivars. In vitro derived bisected shoot tips were inoculated on the medium oriented cut-side up, cut-side down and vertically both with and without the cormel base attached. Bisected shoot tips without attached cormel base and inoculated in the cut-side down orientation showed an average of 90% shooting response. In vitro derived shoot tips were used as explants for transformation. Explants were wounded by scalpel and particle bombardment with 1.6 μm naked gold particles by the biolistic delivery system. The wounded explants, after 3 d of recovery period, were co-cultivated with Agrobacterium strain LBA4404 harbouring the binary vectors pBI141 and pTOK233 which contained gus reporter gene with rice actin and 35S promoters respectively. GUS expression frequencies of 5.3% and 23% was obtained from scalpel and particle bombardment wounded explants, respectively. Particle wounded explants showed an average of 63 and 103 GUS spots when co-cultivated with pBI141 and pTOK233 binary vectors respectively. Explants co-cultivated with pBI141, after three weeks of selection on antibiotic containing medium showed blue streaks of GUS expression. It was concluded that Agrobacterium could infect the monocot gladiolus and transform the tissue eficiently when tissues were prewounded with naked gold particles delivered by particle gun. 相似文献
14.
Veera R.N. Chikkala Gregory D. Nugent Philip J. Dix Trevor W. Stevenson 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009
Adventitious shoot regeneration and protoplast isolation and culture were examined from leaf explants of in vitro shoot cultures of several cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) cultivars, sourced from Europe and Australia, was investigated with the aim to develop improved nuclear and plastid transformation protocols for this vegetable crop. Eight out of 10 cultivars regenerated shoots from at least 79% of leaf explants. Mesophyll protoplasts from leaves gave high yields and division frequencies. Growth of shoot cultures in large glass vessels with vented lids was the key factor in obtaining high protoplast division frequencies of up to 71% and at least 70% of protoplast calluses regenerating shoots. 相似文献
15.
甜樱桃砧木离体叶片愈伤组织诱导及不定芽再生 总被引：5，自引：5，他引：5
叶片再生效率的高低直接影响目的基因转化的成功率,为建立稳定、高效的樱桃不定芽离体再生体系,以30～40d苗龄的甜樱桃砧木ZY-1的组培继代苗为试材,取上部幼嫩叶片或不含腋芽的茎段,分别从培养基生长调节剂配比、接种材料类型、叶片接种部位、接种方式以及培养条件等方面进行了不定芽再生技术研究。结果表明,培养基中添加7.0mg/L的6-BA与0.5～1.0mg/L的IBA配比时不定芽再生率和出芽数均较高,TDZ和NAA不适于诱导ZY-1叶片再生不定芽;接种继代苗茎段比叶片再生率高;接种叶片以选择嫩叶横切2刀、远轴面向下接触培养基的方式为好;叶片不同部位处理以带叶柄的基部叶块最易再生;叶片接种后在25℃室温条件下,先暗培养3周再照光,利于不定芽的再生。 相似文献
16.
N. Hammatt 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(6):975-981
A shoot tip of a mature clone of fastigiate bird cherry (Prunus padus L.) was successfully established in vitro. Culture of shoot tip explants on a Murashige and Skoog (MS) based medium with phloroglucinol (PG) resulted in micropropagation, but the clonal line gradually became hyperhydric on this medium. This problem was overcome using PG- free medium based on either MS or Driver and Kuniyuki Walnut medium (DKW). Heavier cultures with more shoots were obtained on DKW medium with fructose or glucose rather than sucrose or sorbitol. Leaf explants placed on DKW basal medium with benzyladenine (BA) produced adventitious shoots. Addition of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid to media with BA increased regeneration. More leaves produced shoots on medium with sucrose or sorbitol rather than glucose or fructose. Adventitious shoots were excised and micropropagated. Shoots were rooted by insertion into DKW medium with indol-3yl- butyric acid, followed by transfer to hormone-free DKW. PG increased the proportion of shoots that produced adventitious roots. 相似文献
17.
Nathalie Pawlicki Margareta Welander 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(4):687-696
SUMMARYAdventitious shoot formation was investigated using leaf segments of in vitro cultured shoots of the apple rootstock Jork 9. Regeneration capacity was influenced by the pretreatment of the mother shoots, macroelements, hormone concentrations, the gelling agent and the carbohydrate source. The highest regeneration rate and most shoots per leaf explant resulted from young leaves on a medium based on MS macroelements supplemented with 22 µM BAP and 0.1 µM_NAA together with sorbitol, at concentrations of 165 mM or 220 mM. Sorbitol was more effective than sucrose, glucose, fructose or a combination of these sugars. A cold and dark pretreatment of the shoots enhanced the formation of adventitious shoots. 相似文献
18.
M. L. Cui H. Ichikawa K. Sage-Ono H. Kamada 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(3):394-399
SummaryThis paper reports on protocols for plant regeneration and transformation of Asarina procumbens Mill. (syn. Antirrhinum asarina L.). Asarina is an ornamental plant, in this study we successfully achieved shoot regeneration from stem explants on MS medium supplemented with zeatin. Furthermore, the transformation system was established via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation with stem segments. The A. tumefaciens strains EHA105, GV2260 and GV3101 each harbouring binary vector pSMAK251 containing uidA and npt II genes were used in this establishment. Kanamycin-resistant shoots regenerated directly on the selection medium containing 2 mg l–1 zeatin, 100 mg l–1 kanamycin, and 250 mg l–1 cefotaxime six weeks after co-cultivation. Fifty to 73% of regenerated shoots showed GUS expression through the histochemical GUS expression analysis. PCR and Southern blot analysis confirmed the existence of npt II and uid A genes in these GUS expressed transformed plants. This is the first report of successful genetic transformation in Asarina procumbens Mill. 相似文献
19.
樱桃砧木CAB-6p离体叶片再生体系的优化 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
以欧洲甜樱桃优良矮化砧木CAB-6p试管苗幼嫩叶片为试材,从基本培养基、激素配比、叶片生理状态和培养基中琼脂用量等方面对影响离体叶片再生的关键因素进行了研究。结果表明,CAB-6p试管苗幼嫩叶片以WPM为基本培养基再生效果最好,明显优于QL和DKW培养基,1/2MS培养基再生效果最差;最佳激素配比是BA2mg/L+IAA2mg/L,用IBA或NAA替代IAA出现愈伤组织生长量大但再生率低;CAB-6p试管苗顶部新发出合拢的幼嫩叶片再生能力最高,半展开的幼嫩叶片和完全展开的幼嫩叶片未能再生植株;用4.5g/L琼脂配制偏软的再生培养基明显有利于提高离体叶片的再生效率。通过以上几个方面的优化,建立CAB-6p试管苗幼嫩叶片高效离体再生技术体系,再生率可稳定地保持在90%左右,平均每叶再生4～5芽。 相似文献
20.
甜蛋白基因MBLII 对莴苣的遗传转化 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
以4 日龄莴苣(Lactua sativa L.) 无菌苗子叶为外植体, 通过根癌农杆菌介导,成功地进行了马槟榔甜蛋白基因MBLII 对莴苣的遗传转化。抗生素浓度和子叶外植体与农杆菌的共培养时间是影响转化的重要因素。附加卡那霉素( Kan) 50 mg/ L 的诱芽培养基MS I(MS+ NAA 0. 1 mg/ L+ 6􀀁BA 0. 1 mg/ L+ 羧卞青霉素500 mg/ L) 最适于侵染后子叶外植体的诱芽培养。在外植体与农杆菌共培养0~ 7 d 的范围内, 以共培养3 d 最佳( 生芽率58. 3%, 白化率29%) 。1~ 2 cm 再生芽移入诱根培养基MS II (MS+ NAA 0. 05 mg/ L+ Kan 50 mg/ L+ 羧苄青霉素300 mg/ L) 中, 诱根率可达100%。获得的抗性植株经组织化学及PCR 特异扩增鉴定和统计, 7. 6%阳性。Southern blot 结果证明MBL II 基因已整合到莴苣基因组中。 相似文献