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1.
一个与甘薯茎线虫抗性相关的RAPD标记的获得 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以高抗甘薯茎线虫病品种徐781和高感茎线虫病品种徐18及其杂交后代为实验材料,在亲本和后代株系建立的抗病池、感病池中筛选RAPD引物,获得一条与甘薯茎线虫病抗性基因连锁的标记S447.经过亲本徐781和徐18杂交的F1代品系的验证,初步确定该标记与甘薯茎线虫病抗性基因具有相关关系,连锁距离为17.93 cM标记S447已提交GeneBank数据库,登录号为EF121325.该标记可为常规抗病育种中早期抗甘薯茎线虫病性状的筛选以及在抗甘薯茎线虫病育种中提供分子标记辅助选择. 相似文献
2.
用高感甘薯茎线虫病的甘薯品种徐薯18和高抗茎线虫病的徐78-1杂交,得到其F1分离群体。根据连续3年的抗病鉴定结果,从中挑选出8个高抗和8个高感茎线虫病的株系,构建抗病池和感病池。分别以抗感池基因组DNA为模板,用225对SRAP引物组合进行PCR扩增,其中77对引物组合在抗、感池间表现出多态性。通过一组小群体的进一步筛选,有4对引物组合被认为与甘薯茎线虫病抗性基因相关。这4对引物组合分别对2个亲本、抗感池和F1分离群体中的65个抗病株系和79个感病株系基因组DNA进行SRAP分析,有2对引物组合（a5b12和a9b11）各获得1个与甘薯茎线虫病抗性基因紧密连锁的分子标记SP1和SP2,它们与抗甘薯茎线虫病基因的遗传距离分别为4．86cM和4．17cM。获得的分子标记对克隆抗病基因和利用分子标记辅助选择提高育种效率具有重要的意义。 相似文献
3.
用改进的SSAP方法克隆抗甘薯茎线虫病相关的RGA 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
甘薯新品系农大603是从感茎线虫病品种徐薯18的辐照后代中获得的一个抗茎线虫病的突变体。根据已报道的植物线虫抗性基因的核苷酸结合位点(NBS)保守氨基酸序列设计兼并引物，用自行改进的SSAP(modified sequence-specific amplification polymorphisms)方法，对农大603和徐薯18的基因组进行PCR扩增，从农大603中扩增出含有抗性基因NBS保守序列的差异片段2个(片段54和片段72)。在GenBank上序列搜索和比对发现，克隆序列与已报道的植物抗病基因之间同源性较低。根据克隆片段的DNA序列设计引物，以抗、感茎线虫病的甘薯品种的基因组DNA为模板进行PCR扩增，结果显示由片段72设计的引物在抗、感品种上没有扩增出多态性带；由片段54设计的引物在抗病品种和感病品种之间扩增出多态性带，推测片段54是与甘薯抗茎线虫病有关的RGA。 相似文献
4.
《华北农学报》2021,36(4)
为了准确高效的筛选抗根肿病材料,提高甘蓝型油菜根肿病抗性育种效率。通过对甘蓝型油菜抗病亲本的Crr1基因与感病亲本中相应的同源基因LOC103834349进行测序,寻找SNP位点,针对第1 486-1 487上的非同义突变位点,开发了一套精准检测抗感根肿病基因型的竞争性等位基因特异性PCR(Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR,KASP)标记。利用该KASP标记对来自42个F_2群体的771个单株进行分型检测,其中315个单株含有纯合感病基因型GG,322个单株含有纯合抗病基因型AA,134个单株含有杂合等位基因型GA。其中对编号为2033的F_2群体中125株材料的KASP分型情况进行χ~2检测,其中纯合抗病基因型AA 30株,纯合感病基因型GG 33株,杂合基因型GA 62株,经χ~2检测,抗病材料与感病材料符合3∶1理论值,抗病纯合基因型、抗病杂合基因型与感病纯合基因型的比值符合1∶2∶1理论值,说明该抗病位点为显性单基因抗病位点。结合田间表型检测鉴定,AA分型和杂合的GA分型单株田间检测均为抗病表型,GG分型均为感病表型,KASP分型结果与田间鉴定结果一致。比对结果说明该KASP标记对根肿病抗、感植株进行正确分型,表明基于Crr1基因和LOC103834349的SNP位点开发的KASP标记可以准确高效的应用于油菜抗根肿病材料的分子标记辅助选择育种。 相似文献
5.
辣椒抗黄瓜花叶病毒(CMV)基因的ISSR标记 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
辣椒(Copicum annuum L.)抗黄瓜花叶病毒(CMV)一直是辣椒育种的主攻目标之一.本研究以辣椒抗CMV品种VC16a和感CMV品种SS69杂交的F2群体60个单株材料,通过人工接种鉴定,采用高抗单株和高感单株分别构建抗、感基因池,利用BSA法筛选了40条ISSR引物,其中引物I-34在抗感病池中扩增出450 bp多态性片段,通过F2单株验证后证明I-34450与抗CMV基因紧密连锁,其遗传距离为27.3 cM,为辣椒抗CMV分子标记辅助育种奠定了基础. 相似文献
6.
与大白菜抗霜霉病基因连锁的分子标记研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
【研究目的】 研究与大白菜抗霜霉病基因紧密连锁的DNA分子标记。【方法】利用高抗自交系‘660’和高感自交系‘654B’及其杂交F2群体162个单株为材料,采用构建抗、感病池,利用BSA法筛选了87对SSR引物,35对拟南芥抗霜霉病相关基因的特异引物,其中特异引物RPP13P2和RPP131-2R在抗感病亲本和抗感病池中扩增出一条多态性片段RPP13MK,利用这对引物对F2代单株构建的分享群体进行扩增,验证标记RPP13MK与目的基因的连锁关系,Mapmaker 3.0软件计算遗传距离。【结果】通过F2单株验证后证明RPP13MK与抗霜霉病基因紧密连锁,其遗传距离为5.6 cM。【结论】获得了一个与大白菜抗霜霉病基因紧密连锁的分子标记RPP13MK。 相似文献
7.
以8077s与抗感的籼稻品种丰35亲本及杂交后自交所得的F2群体为材料，采用群分法（Bulked Segregant Analysis, BSA），从210个10mer随机引物，找到两个水稻苯达松敏感池和抗感池之间表现多态性的特异引物——S20和S316，分别产生的标记片段为S20-440和S316-590。它们与bel基因的连锁距离分别为12.132 cM和7.97 cM。对RAPD扩增标记的片段进行克隆、测序，根据测序结果合成两对特异性的SCAR引物，包含原有的RAPD序列。SC01引物在敏感单株中扩增出一条423 bp带；SC02引物在敏感单株中扩增出一条606 bp带，它们的SCAR标记与bel基因的连锁距离为10.66 cM和7.04 cM。应用SCAR标记对水稻恢复系进行了辅助选育。 相似文献
8.
水稻沈农606抗稻瘟病基因遗传分析及SRAP标记筛选 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
选用抗稻瘟病水稻品种沈农606为抗病亲本,以普感品种丽江新团黑谷为感病亲本配制杂交组合.对两亲本及其F2代单株进行苗期抗病鉴定,结果表明抗病亲本的抗性由核基因控制,受一对显性基因控制.根据F2代单株的抗病鉴定结果,采用BSA法,从110对SRAP引物中筛选出了4对在抗、感池间表现出多态性的引物,表明这些引物可能与沈农606的抗病基因连锁.利用这些标记对F2代112个感病单株进行扩增,根据扩增结果,采用Mapmaker 3.0软件计算遗传距离,结果显示,标记m5e1-500与抗病基因间的遗传距离最近,为2.8 cM. 相似文献
9.
水稻抗咪唑啉酮类除草剂基因ALS功能标记的开发与应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
选育和利用抗除草剂水稻品种具有重要的生产实践意义。通过筛选水稻资源, 发现了抗除草剂材料金粳818, 其ALS基因编码区第1880位碱基存在一个由G到A的碱基变异, 导致丝氨酸突变为天冬酰胺, 从而具有除草剂抗性。本研究基于该位点的碱基变异, 设计了11条等位基因特异PCR (allelic-specific PCR, AS-PCR)引物, 经过优化筛选, 获得两个引物组合F1N (S1/S9)和F1M (S1/S10), 将该标记命名为AS-ALS。利用F2群体及其亲本和杂交种, 结合AS-ALS标记检测和除草剂抗性分析, 结果表明感除草剂ALS-G等位基因型只能被F1N引物对有效扩增, 抗除草剂ALS-A等位基因型只能被F1M引物对有效扩增, 而杂合基因型能同时被两对引物F1N和F1M扩增, ALS-A纯合或杂合等位基因型都表现抗除草剂, ALS-G纯合基因型表现感除草剂。因此本研究开发的标记能有效区分除草剂抗性基因的3种基因型, 基因型与表型完全对应。该标记用于回交育种, 可以选择ALS-A杂合基因型单株, 剔除ALS-G纯合等位基因型, 在自交的F2保留ALS-A纯合基因型单株, 连续自交, 能快速获得除草剂抗性稳定的水稻材料。该除草剂抗性基因的功能标记还可用于咪唑啉酮类除草剂抗性资源筛选。 相似文献
10.
30个中国甘薯主栽品种的RAPD指纹图谱构建及遗传变异分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
研究以中国30个甘薯主栽品种为材料,对甘薯RAPD指纹图谱的构建进行了探讨。从102个RAPD引物中筛选出26个多态性丰富的引物用于PCR扩增,共扩增出255条多态性条带,平均每个引物扩增的多态性带数为9.8条。其中S32和S39多态性最高,仅用其中1个引物即能将这30个甘薯品种完全区分开,且由此构建的指纹图谱出现的概率很小,分别为4.77×10^-7（1/221）和1.91×10^-6（1/219）。结果进一步表明,这30个甘薯品种的遗传距离变异幅度较大,为0.0390～0.4306,平均遗传距离为0.3086。RAPD聚类分析表明,地域分布相近的甘薯品种和具有同一亲本的甘薯品种聚在一起,与这些甘薯品种的系谱图一致。 相似文献
11.
Downy mildew, incited by Peronospora parasitica (Pers.: Fr.) Fr., is a destructive disease of broccoli (Brassica oleraceaL., Italica Group). Resistant cultivars represent a desirable control method to provide a practical, environmentally benign,
and long-term means of limiting damage from this disease. Doubled-haploid (DH) lines developed by us exhibit a high level
of downy mildew resistance at the cotyledon stage. To determine the mode of inheritance for this resistance, a resistant DH
line was crossed to a susceptible DH line to make an F1, from which F2 and backcross (BC) populations were developed. All populations were evaluated for response to artificial inoculation with
P. parasitica at the cotyledon stage. All F1 plants (including reciprocals) were as resistant as the resistant parent, indicating no maternal effect for this trait. F2 populations segregated approximately 3resistant to 1 susceptible, BC populations using the resistant parent as the recurrent
parent contained all resistant plants, and the BC to the susceptible parent segregated 1 resistant to 1 susceptible. These
results indicate that resistance is controlled by a single dominant gene. This gene should be easily incorporated into F1 hybrids and used commercially to prevent downy mildew at the cotyledon stage.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
12.
Leafminer ( Liriomyza trifolii Burgess), Diptera Agromyzidae, is one of the insect pests that causes economic damage to castor bean ( Ricinus communis L.) foliage. Green leaf type is a common phenotype in castor bean and highly susceptible to leafminer. The rare purple leaf type germplasm accessions showed stable resistance to leafminer. Studies were carried out to understand the inheritance of purple leaf and the associated leafminer resistance. Direct and reciprocal crosses were made between a purple leaf parent RG1930 and a green leaf parent RG2788. RG1930 is resistant to leafminer while RG2788 is susceptible. Reciprocal differences were noted in segregation pattern of purple leaf colour as well as resistance to leafminer. Purple leaf phenotype was obtained only in purple × green (RG1930 × RG2788) cross where the female parent was a purple leaf phenotype. The reciprocal cross green × purple (RG2788 × RG1930) produced only the green leaf phenotype. Uniparental inheritance was observed for purple leaf phenotype and resistance to leafminer in F1 , F2 , F3 and backcross generations. Progenies with a dark purple leaf were resistant to leafminer while those with a green leaf were susceptible. Visual association between a purple leaf and resistance to leafminer and their uniparental inheritance were clearly established. The role of heritable epigenetic effects are discussed in expression of purple pigment in offspring. 相似文献
13.
Forty stem rust resistant oat cultivars and lines were selected from Australian oat breeding programs, Quaker Oat Nurseries and a Brazilian oat collection. Most, including the Pg-a reference stock Omega, were crossed with a susceptible line in order to study the inheritance of resistance. Omega was crossed with 15 resistant selections and a further 15 intercrosses were made among resistant selections. All selected lines possessed Pg-a which was inherited as a pair of recessive complementary genes. All crosses among resistant lines failed to segregate. In the majority of resistant/susceptible crosses, the F2 ratio was 1 resistant: 2 intermediate: 13 susceptible, whereas in others it was 1 resistant: 15 susceptible. Progenies of plants with intermediate reactions always segregated. Although Kyto with Pg-12 was a parent of Omega, Pg-12 was not present in any resistant line and was not involved in the Pg-a response. The respective complementary genes were isolated in stem rust susceptible lines, which when intercrossed, segregated in F2 to produce resistant plants in the expected frequencies and with the typical Pg-a phenotype. The lack of effective genetic variability for stem rust resistance among important sources of germplasm used by Australian oat breeders is a major cause for concern. 相似文献
14.
1994年10月至1995年5月，在美国阿肯色大学水稻研究推广中心的温室，对5个美国水稻品种Katy、Lemont、L202、RA73和Bond、其F1、F2和部分组合的F3随机选系，用4个主要美国稻瘟病菌小种IE-1k、IB-33、IB-49和IC-17进行接种鉴定，通过完全双列杂交进行遗传分析的研究。结果表明：所有的亲本对IB-33感病；除RA73外，其他亲本对IE 相似文献
15.
Russian wheat aphid (RWA), Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko), is an important pest of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the United
States of America. Developing adapted wheat cultivars with genetic resistance to RWA is an effective control strategy. Genetic
studies were conducted to determine the mode of inheritance of gene(s) conferring resistance to RWA in an Iranian landrace
wheat line, G 5864. For the inheritance study, G 5864 was crossed with the susceptible wheats ‘Yecora Rojo’ and ND 2375. Seedlings
of F1, reciprocal F1, F2, BC1 to the susceptible parent (BCS), and BC1 to the resistant parent (BCR) were screened for RWA
reaction. Several phenotypic segregation ratios were tested in the F2 populations for goodness of fit; the 9:3:3:1 ratio (resistant:
rolled leaves: stunted plants: susceptible) was an acceptable fit in all cases. Thus, resistance in G 5864 seemed to be controlled
by two independent dominant genes with additive gene effects. The allelic relationships of gene(s) in this line with genes
in other resistant lines, PI 137739 (Dn1), PI 262660 (Dn2), PI 372129 (Dn4), PI 294994 (Dn5), and PI 243781 (Dn6), were also
studied. Segregation patterns observed in G 5864 × resistant (R × R) F2 populations were inconclusive. However, no susceptible
plants were observed in these F2 populations. If previous reports concerning the number of resistance genes present in the
other resistant lines are correct, then given the high manifestation of resistance observed in G 5864, and given the absence
of susceptible plants in the R × R F2 populations, it is indicated that RWA resistance in G 5864 is either controlled by different
alleles at the same loci as the other resistance genes, or that G 5864 shares a resistance gene with each of the other resistant
lines.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
16.
J. Rubio E. Hajj-Moussa M. Kharrat M. T. Moreno T. Millan J. Gil 《Plant Breeding》2003,122(2):188-191
The inheritance of resistance to fusarium wilt race 0 of chickpea and linked random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were studied in two F6:7 recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations. These RILs were developed from the crosses CA2156 × JG62 (susceptible × resistant) and CA2139 × JG62 (resistant × resistant), and were sown in a field infected with fusarium wilt race 0 in Beja (Tunisia) over 2 years. A1:1 resistant to susceptible ratio was found in the RIL population from the CA2156 × JG62 cross, indicating that a single gene with two alleles controlled resistance. In the second RIL population (CA2139 × JG62) a 3:1 resistant to susceptible ratio indicated that two genes were present and that either gene was sufficient to confer resistance. Linkage analysis showed a RAPD marker, OPJ20600, linked to resistance in both RIL populations, which is present in the resistant parent JG62. 相似文献
17.
TA2027是一个高抗白粉病的一粒小麦种质.本研究利用F2群体和F3家系的抗性鉴定资料分析了TA2027抗白粉病的遗传.群体内各单株的抗性表现出连续性变异,分布峰明显偏向感病亲本.标记分析表明TA2027的抗性主要受染色体5AL上的一个隐性主效QTL控制.在区间作图中,该QTL被定位在Xcfd39/Xmag1491-Xmag1493区间,文中将其定名为Qpm.nau-5A.Qpm.nau-5A解释了59%以上的表型变异.Qpm.nau-5A是目前发现的第一个位于染色体5AL的小麦抗白粉病主效QTL. 相似文献
18.
Summary Studies on the inheritance pattern of bacterial leaf spot (BLS), yellow mosaic (YM) and Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) reactions in crosses of BLS and YM resistant/tolerant but CLS susceptible × CLS resistant but BLS and YM susceptible parents indicated that resistances to BLS and CLS were governed by single dominant genes, whereas YM tolerance was a monogenic recessive character. The studies also indicated that these three genes were inherited independently. The simple inheritance pattern and independent assortment of the genes governing resistance/tolerance to these diseases suggest that the usual breeding methods will be adequate to develop multi-disease resistant mungbean cultivars.Paper XII in the series Studies on resistance in crops to bacterial diseases in India. 相似文献
19.
Rolf Stegmark 《Euphytica》1991,53(2):87-95
Summary A partially downy mildew resistant pea line was back-crossed to a susceptible cultivar with more pods per node and lower seed weight. Breeding lines with different degrees of infection in a greenhouse test were selected. These lines and the two parental lines were investigated in field trials and tested in the greenhouse for four generations. Significant genetic variation among lines was found for infection of seedlings in greenhouse tests, and infection of pods, pod set and seed weight in field-trials. Infection of seedlings in the greenhouse was correlated with infection of pods in the field. In greenhouse tests, the non-genetic variance component was large in comparison with the genetic component and a significant genotype trial interaction was found. Significant repeatability was obtained for downy mildew on seedlings and pods, number of pods per node and seed weight. An unfavourable correlation between susceptibility to downy mildew and number of pods per node was found. No single breeding line showed the ideal combination of good resistance, high number of pods per node and small seeds. However, one line showing better resistance than the susceptible parent, with smaller seeds and more pods per node than the resistant parent was found. The susceptible parent also carries some resistance factor that is not present in the resistant parent. 相似文献
20.
The inheritance of resistance to dry root rot of chickpea caused by Rhizoctonia bataticola was studied. Parental F1 and F2 populations of two resistant and two susceptible parents, along with 49 F1 progenies of one of the resistant × susceptible crosses were rested for their reaction to dry root rot using the blotting-paper technique. All F, plants of the resistant × susceptible crosses were resistant; the F2 generation fitted a 3 resistant: 1 susceptible ratio indicating monogenic inheritance, with resistance dominant over susceptibility. F3 family segregation data confirmed the results. No segregation occurred among the progeny of resistant × resistant and susceptible × susceptible crosses. 相似文献