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1.
鲤浮肿病毒（carp edema virus,CEV）是一种严重危害养殖鲤和锦鲤的病毒。2014年在北京地区确诊的首例鲤浮肿病意味着该病已进入中国。为调查CEV在养殖鲤、锦鲤中的流行现状,同时筛选适宜的CEV普查方法,探索其发病条件,试验于2016年5月至2016年9月共采集13个样品,采用日本学者建立的Nest-PCR法及英国学者研究的Nest-PCR法、Real-time PCR法进行CEV检测。结果发现,13个样品中共检测到5个CEV阳性,3个为锦鲤样品,2个为普通鲤或杂交鲤样品。Real-time PCR法检出所有阳性,日本的Nest-PCR法检出3个锦鲤阳性和1个普通鲤阳性,英国的Nest-PCR法仅检出3个锦鲤阳性。在阳性样品中,3号和10号样品的养殖鱼并未发病死亡,且3号样品鱼体内的病毒拷贝数高于有临床症状并出现死亡的7号、8号和13号样品。说明目前养殖鲤、锦鲤的CEV阳性率较高,亟需加强该病毒的监测、防控。英国学者建立的Real-time PCR法不会漏检,更适合用于中国CEV的监测普查。没有外界环境条件刺激,养殖鱼即使感染CEV或CEV在其体内增殖,也不一定发生鲤浮肿病。结合鲤浮肿病发病温度范围较宽,提示环境条件刺激才是导致该病发生的关键因素,避免环境刺激是降低该病发生的一个有效措施。 相似文献
2.
XU Li-pu WANG Xiao-liang ZHANG Wen PAN Yong JING Hong-li WANG Jing-bo WANG Shu CAO Huan WANG Peng NA Li-hai JIANG Yu-lin 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(2):613-618
An acute infectious diseases occurred in a koi farm in Fangshan district, Beijing, and it resulted in mortalities of more than 50%.The main symptoms of sick koi were gills necrosis, kidney erosion and edema,which were similar to the clinical signs of koi herpes virus disease (KHVD).But PCR tests showed negative results for KHV. For further diagnosis, bacterial cultures, transmission electron microscopy studies, virus isolation and PCR tests were used. Electron microscopic observation revealed pox virus particles having a size of about 200 nm×400 nm in the kidney. 548 and 180 bp fragments were amplified from organs of sick koi by PCR method using specific primers of carp edema virus (CEV). The fragments were sequenced and analysed. The results showed that they were shared 100% nucleotide identity with CEV-H504. All the results indicated that this disease was carp edema virus disease, caused by a kind of pox virus, CEV. This was the first report on the CEV of cultured koi in China. 相似文献
3.
北京房山某锦鲤养殖场锦鲤发生大量死亡,患病锦鲤呈烂鳃、肾脏糜烂、身体浮肿;症状类似锦鲤疱疹病毒（koi herpes virus,KHV）感染,但经PCR检测排除了KHV感染。为进一步确定病原,对发病鱼进行了临床症状观察、病毒分离、细菌分离培养、病鱼组织超薄切片电镜观察和PCR扩增等检测。通过病鱼组织超薄切片电镜观察,在肾脏内可见200 nm×400 nm的痘病毒样颗粒。抽提病毒核酸后,用已知的鲤鱼浮肿病毒（carp edema virus,CEV）的保守序列设计2对引物进行PCR扩增,扩增出548和180 bp片段,测序结果和GenBank公布的CEV H504株序列完全一致。根据发病鱼临床症状和实验室检测结果,最终确定该病为CEV引起的鲤鱼浮肿病。这是在中国首次发现的鲤鱼浮肿病。 相似文献
4.
【目的】研究感染鲤浮肿病毒(Carp edema virus, CEV)镜鲤的组织病理特征及CEV在各组织中的分布规律,以期为鲤浮肿病的诊断和防控提供参考。【方法】利用HE染色观察发病镜鲤心脏、肝脏、皮肤、脾脏、肾脏、脑、鳃组织的病理变化情况;用免疫组织化学法检测CEV在镜鲤各组织的分布和蛋白表达情况;利用CEV P4a基因保守区域设计3条探针,于5′-端标记FAM进行原位杂交,检测CEV在镜鲤各组织的核酸分布情况;实时荧光定量PCR检测感染镜鲤各组织的病毒载量。【结果】HE染色观察发现,患病镜鲤的鳃丝肿胀、充血,鳃丝间有脱落堆积的红细胞和炎性细胞,肝脏细胞深染萎缩,胆小管出血,脾脏组织出现明显间隙并伴有出血,肾脏组织充血明显,肾小管有明显闭合现象。免疫组织化学结果显示,在患病鱼的鳃和肝脏组织中大量表达CEV P4a蛋白,在其他组织中也有少量表达。原位杂交结果显示,CEV核酸大量存在于鳃组织中,在心脏、脾脏和肾脏中均有少量阳性信号。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,鳃组织病毒载量极显著高于心脏、肝脏、皮肤、脾脏、肾脏、脑组织(P<0.01)。【结论】感染CEV后,镜鲤内脏组织出现不同程... 相似文献
5.
Cyprinid herpesvirus-3 (CyHV-3) has spread worldwide and has had a major impact on koi and common carp production. Previous studies on the host range of the CyHV-3 found that fish species other than koi and common carp are fully resistant to natural virus exposure. Recently, CyHV-3 was detected in goldfish (Carassius auratus auratus) that were in contact with CyHV-3 infected koi. In the present study, a specific RT-PCR product was amplified from the viral thymidine kinase gene in gills, intestine and brain tissues of CyHV-3 infected goldfish. This implied that CyHV-3 replicated in these goldfish. Also, in the presence of a stress factor such as temperature fluctuation, the CyHV-3 infected goldfish transmitted the virus to cohabitated naïve SPF common carp. CyHV-3 DNA was detected in the cohabitated naïve carp tissues by PCR. The results of this study demonstrate that goldfish is a carrier for CyHV-3, permit virus propagation, and disseminate the virus to susceptible carp causing the disease. 相似文献
6.
为了解普安鲫鱼和草海鲫鱼血液生理特征,试验采用血涂片和血细胞计数方法分别测定其红细胞及核大小、红细胞数量和形态。结果表明:草海鲫鱼血液中存在一定数量核正处于分裂期的长椭圆红细胞;草海鲫鱼红细胞长径、短径和长短径比均明显大于普安鲫鱼,而红细胞核的短径则显著小于普安鲫鱼,虽然其红细胞的体积、核的长径和核的长短径比略大于普安鲫鱼,但差异不显著;2种鱼红细胞数量分别为(1.31±0.12)×1012个/L和(1.02±0.37)×1012个/L,草海鲫鱼红细胞数量大于普安鲫鱼。综合分析可知,2种鱼所处地理环境不同,是造成其血液红细胞的形态、大小和数量存在差异的根本原因。本研究结果可为2种鲫鱼血液生理、血细胞及其免疫学、遗传育种提供基础资料。 相似文献
7.
鲤鱼出血病病原体鉴定及其疫苗 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
从具有出血症状的鲤鱼肝中分离出一株嗜水气单胞菌,能使实验鲤鱼发生出血症,鉴定为此种疾病的病原,在疾病流行季节中给鲤鱼口服以此株细菌制成的饵料吸附型疫勒后有８８．９％鱼生存,而未服用疫苗的只生存６１．７％。 相似文献
8.
Molnár K 《Acta veterinaria Hungarica》2002,50(1):51-57
Thelohanellus nikolskii infection of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) has been a common parasitosis in the Central European fish farms since the first detection of the parasite about 20 years ago. This parasite, introduced from the Far East, causes intensive infection on the fins of fingerlings of the carp subspecies cultured in Europe (European carp, Cyprinus carpio carpio). This infection of the common carp occurs in the Hungarian fish farms every year. Until the present study, this parasite had not been recorded from the fins of koi or coloured carp (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus), a carp of Far Eastern origin, which is cultured in Hungary as an ornamental fish. A recent survey conducted in common carp, koi and goldfish stocks demonstrated that T. nikolskii infection of low prevalence and intensity occurs also in koi populations, but its prevalence and intensity are markedly lower than in common carp kept in the same ponds. It is suggested that the observed differences are due to disparities in the susceptibility of the two carp subspecies to T. nikolskii, and that the koi is less susceptible to this infection. Other signs of susceptibility can also be observed in the European subspecies, since in 15% of the fish plasmodium development was arrested at an early stage. Thelohanellus nikolskii infection could not be demonstrated on goldfish (Carassius auratus). 相似文献
9.
全鱼基因在鲫鱼体内的整合与转录 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以鲤鱼金属硫蛋白启动子与大麻哈鱼生长激素基因重组的融合全鱼基因（ｃｏｍｍｏｎｃａｒｐｍｅｔａｌｏｔｈ－ｉｏｎｅｉｎｐｒｏｍｏｔｅｒａｎｄｔｒｏｕｔｓａｌｍｏｎｇｒｏｗｔｈｈｏｒｍｏｎｅｇｅｎｅ，ｃＭＴｓＧＨ）为外源基因，通过显微注射法将其线性片段导入鲫鱼受精卵内，研究了其整合与转录效率。结果表明，全鱼基因在鲫鱼基因组中的整合率为３６．４％（１６／４４），对转基因鱼阳性的ＲＮＡ样本进行Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ印迹杂交检测，转录率为２５％（１／４）。由此认为，该全鱼基因可以作为转基因鱼研究和应用的外源基因。 相似文献
10.
A case report detailing the presenting clinical signs, diagnostics, and treatment of ulcerative skin disease in a group of koi carp (Cyprinus carpio) is presented. 相似文献
11.
苜蓿草粉对黄河鲤鱼消化生理指标的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选取来源一致、体质健康、尾均重为248.70±1.31 g的黄河鲤鱼750尾,采用单因子完全随机设计,设5个处理,3个重复,分别在基础饲粮中添加0%(对照组)、5%(试验Ⅰ组)、10%(试验Ⅱ组)、15%(试验Ⅲ组)和20%(试验Ⅳ组)紫花苜蓿草粉,研究其对黄河鲤鱼消化生理指标的影响。结果表明:1)苜蓿草粉的添加对黄河鲤鱼消化道指数无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)肝胰脏和前、中、后各肠段的蛋白酶和淀粉酶活性均随着苜蓿草粉的添加比例的增加呈现先升后降的趋势。其中,5%和10%的苜蓿草粉添加组在肝胰脏和后肠中的蛋白酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05);5%和10%添加组在肝胰脏和各个肠段的淀粉酶活性均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);3)适宜水平的苜蓿草粉(5%、10%)能够提高黄河鲤鱼肠绒毛高度,在前肠,10%添加组的肠绒毛高度显著高于对照组(P<0.05);而高含量的苜蓿草粉(15%、20%)则降低了肠绒毛高度。综合表明,在黄河鲤鱼饲粮中添加10%苜蓿草粉能显著提高其消化酶活性及肠绒毛高度。 相似文献
12.
不同硒水平对幼鲤生产性能和免疫功能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选择体重约10.4 g的健康幼鲤960尾,随机分为8组,每组3个重复,每个重复40尾,分别饲喂添加硒(亚硒酸钠,分析纯)0、0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5、0.6、0.7 mg/kg的8种不同饵料,试验期90 d。结果表明:随着饵料中硒添加水平的增加,幼鲤的增重和成活率提高,饵料系数降低,添加硒0.4mg/kg时,幼鲤生产性能最佳(P<0.05);添加0.3～0.5 mg/kg硒,可显著提高幼鲤头肾和脾脏重及其体指数,增加血液红细胞数量,降低白细胞数量,提高血清IgM水平和攻毒后成活率、血清溶菌酶活力及血清凝集抗体效价(P<0.05),从而增强幼鲤免疫功能和对疾病的抵抗力。幼鲤体增重、饵料系数、头肾重量、脾脏重量、血清溶菌酶活力和IgM抗体水平与饵料硒添加量呈显著的二次曲线相关。根据上述指标确定的最适硒水平为0.396～0.529 mg/kg。 相似文献
13.
14.
Shari K. Hanson Jeffrey E. Hill Craig A. Watson Roy P. E. Yanong Richard Endris 《Journal of aquatic animal health》2013,25(1):30-34
Abstract The effect of 0.2% emamectin benzoate (SLICE; Intervet/ Schering-Plough Animal Health, Roseland, New Jersey) administered in top-dressed, pelleted commercial fish feed was evaluated for control of freshwater Argulus sp. in goldfish Carassius auratus and koi carp, a variant of common carp Cyprinus carpio, in freshwater aquaria at 24–25°C. Sixteen individually housed goldfish were each exposed to 37 Argulus. The number of fish lice attached to each fish at the start of the experiment was not determined; however, the total number of motile fish lice in each aquarium (on fish and in the water) was determined at the start and end of each experiment. Eight goldfish were fed the control diet (0 μg · kg fish biomass?1 · d?1) and eight were fed the medicated diet (50 μg · kg fish biomass?1 · d?1) for seven consecutive days. After treatment, fish louse infestation in controls was 20.5 ± 1.5 (mean ± SE) lice per fish. No Argulus were found on fish in the treated group. In a separate experiment, 10 individually housed koi were each exposed to 128 Argulus. Five koi were fed the control diet and five were fed a low-dose medicated diet (5 μg · kg fish biomass?1 · d?1) for 7 d. After treatment, fish louse infestation among the controls was 14.6 ± 3.8 lice per koi. No Argulus were found on koi in the treated group. Hence, a 7-d regimen of oral emamectin benzoate controlled experimental infestation of Argulus when administered to goldfish at 50 μg · kg fish biomass?1 · d?1 and to koi at 5 μg · kg fish biomass?1 · d?1. Received March 24, 2010; accepted January 17, 2011 相似文献
15.
鲫鱼鳃中沙门氏菌的分离与鉴定 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
应用常规细菌分离对西宁市某市场60份鲫鱼鳃样品进行了沙门氏菌的分离与鉴定。结果显示,在60份鲫鱼鳃样品中共检出沙门氏菌阳性菌株13份,阳性率21．7％（13／60）。表明：此批鲫鱼鳃样品污染沙门氏菌的情况比较严重,应该引起有关部门和消费者的重视。 相似文献
16.
Silver and bighead carps were imported from China to the United States in the 1970s as a biological control mechanism for improving water quality. After escaping captivity, both species spread into the Mississippi River Basin and now threaten to enter the Great Lakes. Human consumption is one solution, but many Americans believe that carp is unsavory. A random sample of 2,000 licensed anglers in Missouri was asked to complete a mail-back questionnaire about Asian carp, yielding a 27% response rate (n = 465). Results indicated that knowledge and perception about carp were poor, and food neophobia (fear of new foods) scores were above average. Less than 15% of respondents had eaten carp, but nearly 53% were willing to try. Marketing should focus on the benefits of consumption while downplaying any possible concerns. Although education programs are worthwhile, taste might be more influential to change public attitudes toward Asian carp. 相似文献
17.
鲤源嗜水气单胞菌分离鉴定、耐药性及毒力基因检测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为查明贵州某鲤鱼养殖厂鲤鱼死亡的病因,本试验进行了细菌分离培养、菌体形态观察、细菌生理生化鉴定、16S rRNA基因测序分析、药敏试验、耐药基因检测、动物感染试验、毒力基因检测等。结果显示,从死亡鲤鱼病变组织中分离到的细菌呈圆形凸起、表面光滑的灰白色菌落,为革兰氏阴性短杆菌;生化鉴定结果显示,分离菌具有运动性,能发酵葡萄糖产酸产气,精氨酸双水解酶、赖氨酸脱羧酶、M-R和V-P试验阳性;应用细菌16S rRNA基因通用引物进行PCR扩增获得大小为1 421 bp的片段,测序发现,该分离菌与16株嗜水气单胞菌相应序列同源性达75.3%~100.0%;药敏试验结果显示,该分离菌对氟苯尼考、头孢曲松、妥布霉素、氧氟沙星、恩诺沙星5种药物呈现高度敏感,对复方新诺明、磺胺异噁唑、羧苄西林等药物呈现耐药,经耐药基因PCR检测显示,该分离菌携带Sul1、Sul2和Intl1 3种耐药基因,与药敏表型相符;人工感染试验显示,该分离菌有致病力,经毒力基因检测显示,该分离菌携带aer、hly和act 3种毒力基因。上述试验结果表明,本研究分离得到了一株耐磺胺类药物的鲤源嗜水气单胞菌,为该鲤鱼养殖厂的鲤鱼疾病防治与合理用药提供了科学依据。 相似文献
18.
Krzysztof Rakus Ping Ouyang Maxime Boutier Maygane Ronsmans Anca Reschner Catherine Vancsok Joanna Jazowiecka-Rakus Alain Vanderplasschen 《Veterinary research》2013,44(1):85
Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3), a member of the family Alloherpesviridae is the causative agent of a lethal, highly contagious and notifiable disease in common and koi carp. The economic importance of common and koi carp industries together with the rapid spread of CyHV-3 worldwide, explain why this virus became soon after its isolation in the 1990s a subject of applied research. In addition to its economic importance, an increasing number of fundamental studies demonstrated that CyHV-3 is an original and interesting subject for fundamental research. In this review, we summarized recent advances in CyHV-3 research with a special interest for studies related to host-virus interactions. 相似文献
19.
Ishioka T Yoshizumi M Izumi S Suzuki K Suzuki H Kozawa K Arai M Nobusawa K Morita Y Kato M Hoshino T Iida T Kosuge K Kimura H 《Veterinary microbiology》2005,110(1-2):27-33
Koi herpesvirus (KHV), which is believed to be an emerging virus, causes fatal diseases in carps. Since the 1990s, the presence of KHV has been confirmed in several countries. In Japan, from 2003 to 2004, large outbreaks of KHV infection in farmed carps resulted in the death of numerous fishes. From April to May 2004, we collected 43 dead or dying carps exhibiting typical symptoms of KHV infection in Gunma prefecture. To conduct a molecular epidemiologic study of KHV in our prefecture, we amplified DNA polymerase and the major envelope protein genes of KHV derived from carp gills using newly designed primers. We also performed sequence analysis of both genes of KHV. Sensitivity of our PCR method for amplification of DNA polymerase and the major envelope protein genes of KHV was 3 x 10(2) (100 fg) and 3 x 10(3) (1000 fg) copies of KHV genome, respectively. We detected both DNA polymerase and major envelope protein genes in 37 of 43 carps (86%). No mutation was found in both the genes sequenced from 11 strains, which included two foreign strains and one domestic strain. The results suggested that KHV strains derived from carps in our prefecture were closely related genetically to the other KHV strains. 相似文献