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1.
大豆花粉管通道法转化lkt50基因 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用花粉管通道法,将外源基因lkt50向大豆品种东农48和品系东农96-02导入.通过卡那霉素筛选,从所获得的种子苗中初选转化植株,进一步进行PCR、Southern blot及RT-PCR分子生物学检测.结果表明:在14株卡那霉素抗性材料中利用nptII基因的特异性引物有7株PCR阳性,利用lkt50基因特异性引物有2株PCR阳性,并且2株Southern blot及RT-PCR检测均呈现阳性,因此认为花粉管通道法可以用于大豆的转基因研究和应用. 相似文献
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为利用抗菌肽基因培育转基因大豆抗病材料,采用根癌农杆菌介导法将抗菌肽基因和绿色荧光蛋白基融合因转入大豆胚尖外植体。结果表明,60mg/L的卡那霉素可以对转化植株进行有效的筛选;在共培养时添加200µmol/L乙酰丁香酮有利于抗菌肽基因的转化;在生根培养基中不添加卡那霉素更有利于转化苗的成活。目的基因特异的PCR检测和绿色荧光蛋白表达分析,发现抗菌肽基因已转入大豆,并得到表达。 相似文献
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转基因烟草生产生物可降解塑料(PHA)遗传稳定性的初步分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为检测转只pseudoalkaligenese YS1的PHA合成酶phaC1、phaC2双价基因在转基因烟草后代植株的遗传稳定性，以已获得的两株转PHA合成酶phaC1、phaC2双价基因的烟草及其后代为材料，通过对转基因烟草各后代进行PCR、PCR-Southern检测，初步确定了P.pseudoalkaligenese YS1 PHA合成酶phaC1、vhaC2双价基因能在转基因植株的后代中稳定地遗传；利用卡那霉素抗性大田直接筛选、Southern blot等方法对阳性植株作了进一步检测。用氯仿-次氯酸钠对74株PCR-Southern检测为阳性的转化植株中进行PHAs抽提，有61株中得到目的产物。所转化的烟草在产物合成水平上转化率为67．7％。 相似文献
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通过构建GmPEPc基因的植物RNAi双元表达载体,并通过农杆菌介导的大豆子叶节遗传转化方法将控制油脂和蛋白合成途径的相关基因GmPEPc转入受体品种沈农9号中,通过抑制大豆内源GmPEPc基因的表达,增加油脂积累,从而获得高油的转基因大豆新品种。在大豆组织培养过程中,共切取大豆外植体407块,获得T0代转化苗35株,转化率8.9%。通过对转基因后代中目的基因的整合及表达情况进行分子鉴定。获得23株T_1代转基因后代,其中高抗草丁膦除草剂(喷施浓度300 mg·mL~(-1))14株,通过PCR检测结果表明其中12株为PCR阳性;PCR和Southern杂交检测表明,GmPEPc基因已经成功插入到转基因大豆植株基因组DNA中。对T_1代测定结果显示,转基因大豆籽粒的平均含油量比对照高9.51%,平均蛋白质含量下降5.44%。这些研究结果为筛选高油脂含量的转基因大豆新株系提供了依据,为下一步高油新品种的选育提供了种质基础。 相似文献
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以大豆子叶节为外植体，利用γ-生育酚甲基转移酶基因(γ-TMT)的种子特异性表达载体p7S-TMTL，通过农杆菌介导法转化大豆，获得26株抗卡那霉素再生植株。PCR检测结果表明其中4株为阳性，初步证明γ-TMT已整合到这4株大豆的基因组中。 相似文献
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转基因大豆是目前我国进口量最大的转基因作物,为避免转基因大豆及制品的违法使用,快速筛查大豆中转基因成分的方法策略亟待开发。为检索已知商业化转基因大豆的外源基因信息,通过构建转基因大豆常用转化元件的数据库,建立了转基因大豆的筛查策略。结果表明:已知的15个转基因大豆转化事件中,利用Ca MV35S启动子、CP4-epsps基因、Bt基因、pat基因4个靶标元件的组合,可筛查12个转基因大豆的转化事件;另有3个转化事件需要使用转化事件特异性引物检测。使用4个靶标元件和转化事件组合的筛查方法检测的灵敏度可达到1 g·kg~(-1),可对大豆中的转化事件进行快速、高灵敏度的筛查。 相似文献
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《中国油料作物学报》2016,(3)
为探讨锌指蛋白在大豆对非生物逆境胁迫耐受过程中的作用,构建了锌指蛋白基因SCTF-1的植物表达载体p CPB-SCTF-1,利用花粉管通道法将其导入大豆中,通过抗性筛选及PCR检测,共获得了6株转SCTF-1基因植株,Southern杂交鉴定表明功能元件以单拷贝形式整合于受体基因组中。荧光定量PCR检测证明转化植株在根、茎、叶部位的表达与未转化植株相比显著提高。在4℃低温胁迫下,转SCTF-1基因植株相对电导率明显低于非转化植株,降低了21.10%~23.09%;丙二醛含量明显低于非转化植株,降低了10.56%~11.74%;过氧化物酶活性明显高于非转化植株,增加了25.02%~30.38%;转基因植株叶片未呈现明显的萎缩、萎蔫、打卷现象。因此,转SCTF-1基因的过量表达提高了转基因大豆的耐冷能力。 相似文献
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大豆生物工程研究进展 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
90年代以来，大豆的生物工程研究重点放在建立遗传转化和再生体系上，随着遗传转化和再生技术的发展，我国已获得了抗病、抗虫转基因大豆植株，取得突破性进展。目前，大豆遗传转化主要采用农杆菌介导法、花粉管通法、基因枪及PEG法。农杆菌介导的遗传转化是以大豆子叶、胚轴为外植体，通过卡那霉素筛选，器官发生再生转化植株；花粉管介导法是以植株整体为受体导入外源原因，获得稳定遗传品系；基因枪介导的遗传转化是以大豆幼胚的胚轴、用基因枪轰击生长点，可以从任意一个基因型获得转基因植株；PEG介导的遗传转化是将质粒导入大豆原生质体，通过潮霉素进行筛选，获得转基因植株。 相似文献
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Lakshman Lal 《Potato Research》1987,30(2):329-334
Summary The effects of the leaves of five plant species, one from each of the generaAmbrosia, Anemone, Eupatorium, Eucalyptus andLantana, on potato tuber moth were investigated under indigenous storage conditions at the Central Potato Research Station, Shillong
(1800 m above sea level). Their action was compared with that of a biological insecticide (spores ofBacillus thuringiensis), a chemical insecticide (carbaryl), and an untreated control. The data collected after six months storage on tuber damage,
sprout damage and the rotting indicated that the leaves ofLantana aculeata provided most protection to the tubers, reducing damage from over 70% in the check to below 5%, and sprout damage from over
45% to below 3%. Next best wasEucalyptus globulus followed byB. thuringiensis. They may be used on tubers stored for table use or for seed as they had no adverse effect on germination or on the yield
of a subsequent crop. 相似文献
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《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(2):81-114
Summary The efficiency of N fertilizers is usually poor; often less than 50% of the applied N is taken up by the crop. This review focuses on various N fertilizers with respect to the significance of different N loss pathways, namely (i) ammonia volatilization, (ii) dinitrogen and nitrogen oxide emissions, and (iii) nitrate leaching. Further, the significance of biological N immobilization, ammonium fixation and, finally, the impact of nitrate vs. ammonium uptake on crop yield are also discussed. The reviewed literature shows that N fertilizers may differ markedly in their susceptibility to losses. There is, however, considerable scope to improve N efficiency of each N source by proper N management practices. 相似文献
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M. I. Siri P. Villanueva M. J. Pianzzola L. Franco Fraguas G. Galván M. Acosta F. Ferreira 《Potato Research》2004,47(3-4):127-138
Summary The in vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts from accessions ofSolanum commersonii Dun. collected in the south of Uruguay was investigated against five microorganisms including the pathogenRalstonia solanacearum. A total of 30 extracts corresponding to organic and aqueous extracts were studied. Interestingly, most of the positive results
for growth inhibition were againstR. solanacearum. The extracts were also analyzed for the presence of glycoalkaloids and lectins. Six of the ten aqueous extracts showed lectin
presence and a wide variation in the type and amounts of glycoalkaloids, was found. Results indicate that there is no clear
relationship between the antimicrobial activity against the five microorganisms screened and the presence or amounts of lectins
and glycoalkaloids, traditionally regarded as possible antimicrobial metabolites in theSolanum genus, which indicates the presence of as yet unidentified antimicrobial compounds. 相似文献
16.
Novel food and non-food uses for sorghum and millets 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4
Sorghum and millets have considerable potential in foods and beverages. As they are gluten-free they are suitable for coeliacs. Sorghum is also a potentially important source of nutraceuticals such antioxidant phenolics and cholesterol-lowering waxes. Cakes, cookies, pasta, a parboiled rice-like product and snack foods have been successfully produced from sorghum and, in some cases, millets. Wheat-free sorghum or millet bread remains the main challenge. Additives such as native and pre-gelatinised starches, hydrocolloids, fat, egg and rye pentosans improve bread quality. However, specific volumes are lower than those for wheat bread or gluten-free breads based on pure starches, and in many cases, breads tend to stale faster. Lager and stout beers with sorghum are brewed commercially. Sorghum's high-starch gelatinisation temperature and low beta-amylase activity remain problems with regard to complete substitution of barley malt with sorghum malt . The role of the sorghum endosperm matrix protein and cell wall components in limiting extract is a research focus. Brewing with millets is still at an experimental stage. Sorghum could be important for bioethanol and other bio-industrial products. Bioethanol research has focused on improving the economics of the process through cultivar selection, method development for low-quality grain and pre-processing to recover valuable by-products. Potential by-products such as the kafirin prolamin proteins and the pericarp wax have potential as bioplastic films and coatings for foods, primarily due to their hydrophobicity. 相似文献
17.
Alejandro Carlos Tozzini María Fernanda Ceriani María Verónica Saladrigas H. Esteban Hopp 《Potato Research》1991,34(3):317-324
Summary Clones derived from thirty-one different accessions (nineteen of Argentine origin) belonging to eightSolanum species were screened for resistance to infection by potato virus X strain cp (PVX cp) by mechanical inoculation of plantlets
that had been micropropagated in vitro. Estimates of PVX multiplication obtained by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and
slot blot nucleic acid hybridization allowed the identification of resistant clones derived from five accessions belonging
toS. commersonii S. oplocense, S. sparsipilum andS. tuberosum andigena. Resistant genotypes supported PVX concentrations 5 to 15 times smaller than did the susceptible control cultivar Spunta.
Graft inoculation test confirmed the presence of extreme resistance similar to that conferred by the ‘immunity’ gene X1 (also called RXact). 相似文献
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Rita Favas Janaína Morone Rosrio Martins Vitor Vasconcelos Graciliana Lopes 《Marine drugs》2022,20(3)
The loss of density and elasticity, the appearance of wrinkles and hyperpigmentation are among the first noticeable signs of skin aging. Beyond UV radiation and oxidative stress, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) assume a preponderant role in the process, since their deregulation results in the degradation of most extracellular matrix components. In this survey, four cyanobacteria strains were explored for their capacity to produce secondary metabolites with biotechnological potential for use in anti-aging formulations. Leptolyngbya boryana LEGE 15486 and Cephalothrix lacustris LEGE 15493 from freshwater ecosystems, and Leptolyngbya cf. ectocarpi LEGE 11479 and Nodosilinea nodulosa LEGE 06104 from marine habitats were sequentially extracted with acetone and water, and extracts were analyzed for their toxicity in cell lines with key roles in the skin context (HaCAT, 3T3L1, and hCMEC). The non-toxic extracts were chemically characterized in terms of proteins, carotenoids, phenols, and chlorophyll a, and their anti-aging potential was explored through their ability to scavenge the physiological free radical superoxide anion radical (O2•−), to reduce the activity of the MMPs elastase and hyaluronidase, to inhibit tyrosinase and thus avoid melanin production, and to block UV-B radiation (sun protection factor, SPF). Leptolyngbya species stood out for anti-aging purposes: L. boryana LEGE 15486 presented a remarkable SPF of 19 (at 200 µg/mL), being among the best species regarding O2•− scavenging, (IC50 = 99.50 µg/mL) and also being able to inhibit tyrosinase (IC25 = 784 µg/mL), proving to be promising against UV-induced skin-aging; L. ectocarpi LEGE 11479 was more efficient in inhibiting MMPs (hyaluronidase, IC50 = 863 µg/mL; elastase, IC50 = 391 µg/mL), thus being the choice to retard dermal density loss. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the data allowed the grouping of extracts into three groups, according to their chemical composition; the correlation of carotenoids and chlorophyll a with MMPs activity (p < 0.01), O2•− scavenging with phenolic compounds (p < 0.01), and phycocyanin and allophycocyanin with SPF, pointing to these compounds in particular as responsible for UV-B blockage. This original survey explores, for the first time, the biotechnological potential of these cyanobacteria strains in the field of skin aging, demonstrating the promising, innovative, and multifactorial nature of these microorganisms. 相似文献
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Alejandro M. S. Mayer Abimael D. Rodríguez Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati Nobuhiro Fusetani 《Marine drugs》2013,11(7):2510-2573
The peer-reviewed marine pharmacology literature from 2009 to 2011 is presented in this review, following the format used in the 1998–2008 reviews of this series. The pharmacology of structurally-characterized compounds isolated from marine animals, algae, fungi and bacteria is discussed in a comprehensive manner. Antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, and antiviral pharmacological activities were reported for 102 marine natural products. Additionally, 60 marine compounds were observed to affect the immune and nervous system as well as possess antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. Finally, 68 marine metabolites were shown to interact with a variety of receptors and molecular targets, and thus will probably contribute to multiple pharmacological classes upon further mechanism of action studies. Marine pharmacology during 2009–2011 remained a global enterprise, with researchers from 35 countries, and the United States, contributing to the preclinical pharmacology of 262 marine compounds which are part of the preclinical pharmaceutical pipeline. Continued pharmacological research with marine natural products will contribute to enhance the marine pharmaceutical clinical pipeline, which in 2013 consisted of 17 marine natural products, analogs or derivatives targeting a limited number of disease categories. 相似文献
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Chitosan is considered to be one of the most promising and applicable materials in adsorption applications. The existence of amino and hydroxyl groups in its molecules contributes to many possible adsorption interactions between chitosan and pollutants (dyes, metals, ions, phenols, pharmaceuticals/drugs, pesticides, herbicides, etc.). These functional groups can help in establishing positions for modification. Based on the learning from previously published works in literature, researchers have achieved a modification of chitosan with a number of different functional groups. This work summarizes the published works of the last three years (2012–2014) regarding the modification reactions of chitosans (grafting, cross-linking, etc.) and their application to adsorption of different environmental pollutants (in liquid-phase). 相似文献