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分析甘肃省部分骨干玉米自交系的遗传多样性并划分群体结构。利用全自动DNA分析仪荧光SSR-PCR技术和66 对核心SSR引物研究了148 份玉米(Zea mays L.)自交系的遗传多样性,并分别使用模型结构聚类和遗传距离聚类法进行群体结构分析。在148 份自交系中,66 对SSR标记共检出279 个等位变异,每对引物检测到等位基因2~8 个,平均4.2273 个。多态性信息量(PIC)和标记指数(MI)的平均值分别为0.4879 和2.1808。模型结构聚类将148 份自交系分为SS 群和NSS群;遗传距离聚类分为5 个类群,根据常规测验种自交系可将5 个类群归并为SS 群和NSS群。2 种聚类方法所得结果与材料的系谱信息基本一致。甘肃省部分玉米自交系在育种实践中正在向2 个相对独立的优势类群转化,2 个类群之间的遗传多样性水平存在一定的差异。 相似文献
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为了解糯玉米种质的遗传基础,利用29对SSR标记对87份糯玉米自交系进行遗传多样性分析,共检测出180个等位变异,平均每个位点6个等位变异,多态性信息含量变幅为0.308～0.915,平均为0.572。材料间遗传相似系数为0.49～0.93,平均为0.66。通过聚类分析UPGMA (unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means)方法在遗传相似系数0.64处将87份糯玉米自交系划分为4个类群,分别包含9、66、10和2份材料。此外,利用Structure群体遗传结构分析也将87份糯玉米自交系分为4个类群,分别包含24、25、19和19份材料;进一步分析表明,供试群体中大部分糯玉米自交系的遗传变异较单一。本研究为糯玉米新品种选育和遗传进化分析提供了种质基础和理论依据。 相似文献
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几个CIMMYT热带群体与中国温带玉米自交系杂种优势的关系 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用NCⅡ遗传交配设计,研究了来自CIMMYT的5个热带群体与12个中国温带骨干自交系的杂种优势表现。结果显示,热带群体Pop49（Tuxpeno）、Pop32（ETO）、Popstay-green和PooB4与近年来选自外引种质的P群自交系的平均产量表现较突出,其中群体Pop49与之的平均产量表现最突出;热带群体Suwan-1则与中国温带传统骨干系有着较为突出的平均产量表现。配合力分析表明,P群自交系与群体Suwan-1的sca（特殊配合力）水平较低,中国传统温带骨干系与群体Suwan-1的sea水平均较高。这表明P群自交系与群体Suwan-1则有相近的遗传背景。在温带适应性较好的P群自交系可以作为热带种质Suwan-1快速有效导入温带种质的桥梁;中国传统骨干温带骨干系则与群体Suwan-1的遗传关系较远,Suwan-1热带种质在温带可与传统温带种质构成重要杂种优势模式;群体Popstay-green和Pop49的产量gca（一般配合力）为正值较高,表现出较高的利用潜力。研究结果为更好的利用来自CIMMYT的5个热带群体提供了有用的信息。 相似文献
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玉米人工合成群体产量相关性状选择潜势及杂种优势模式分析 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
采用NCⅡ遗传交配设计 ,以分属于不同杂种优势群的 6个自交系做测验种 ,与 6个合成群体组配成 36个组合。结果表明 :单株产量的GCA以LBM最高 ,其次为WBM ,从株型、穗型性状的SCA分析合成群体与自交系组成了 9个优良杂种优势模式。单株产量最高的组合为HZ85×WBM ,其均值为 10 8 75g。通过对优良杂优模式内的变异参数估计 ,在群体内有丰富的变异个体 ,具有很强的选择潜势。组合内个体产量分布以及出现的频率对选系和轮回选择具有明确的指导意义。人工合成群体具有丰富的遗传变异 ,分属于不同的杂种优势类群 ,具有多元种质的特性。作为选系和轮回选择群体 ,具有明显的选择潜势 相似文献
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采用淀粉凝胶平板电泳方法,研究了华中农业大学４个玉米新合成群体（ＷＢＭ、ＬＢＭ、ＷＬＳ、ＬＬＳ）,２个美国群体（ＢＳＳＳＲ和ＢＳ１６）和６个自交系的ＡＤＨ、ＣＡＴ、ＥＳＴ、ＧＬＵ、ＧＯＴ、ＭＤＨ、ＰＧＤ、ＰＨＩ８种等位酶的１７个位点的４７个等位基因的遗传多样性及其与数量性状的相关。采用ＮＣⅡ遗传交配设计,６个群体与６人自交系组配成３６个组合,田间试验在武昌、安阳两地进行两年。标记分析表明,１７个等 相似文献
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加拿大早熟玉米群体与黑龙江省早熟自交系杂种优势关系的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用NCⅡ遗传交配设计，研究了10个加拿大早熟群体与黑龙江省部分早熟玉米自交系杂种优势的关系。研究表明，群体EP11和EP17产量一般配合力效应较高，利用潜力较大。根据小区产量总配合力效应，将10个加拿大群体初步划分3群。第一群包括EP3、EP7、EP11和EP17，与黑龙江省玉米自交系亲缘关系相对较远；第二群包括EP1、EP6、EP8、EP15和EP16，与红玉米、东237和东108亲缘关系较近；第三群包括EPl4，与F72和东91亲缘关系较近。 相似文献
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花生栽培种SSR遗传图谱的构建 总被引：12，自引：2，他引：10
花生栽培种品种间分子多态性相对缺乏, 至今未构建出较完整的分子遗传图谱。本研究以粤油13和阜95-5为亲本, 通过杂交构建包含184个F6重组自交系的遗传作图群体。采用652对genomic-SSR引物和392对EST-SSR引物对亲本进行多态性检测, 从中筛选出121对多态性引物, 在亲本中共检测到123个多态性位点。利用作图群体对多态性SSR位点进行遗传连锁分析, 获得包含108个SSR标记(102个genomic-SSR标记和6个EST-SSR标记), 涉及20个连锁群, 总长568 cM, 平均图距为6.45 cM的花生栽培种遗传图谱。与前人构建的花生野生种(A. duranensis × A. stenosperma, AA genome)SSR遗传图谱比较, 初步确定本研究构建的遗传图谱中有11个连锁群与野生种遗传图谱的6个连锁群存在同源关系。 相似文献
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利用多亲本高代互交系(multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross,MAGIC)群体(DC1、DC2和8way)及其复合群体DC12(DC1+DC2)和RMPRIL(DC1+DC2+8way)进行关联分析定位水稻抽穗期和株高QTL。2015年和2016年分别在江西和深圳收集3个MAGIC群体抽穗期数据,2016年在两地收集株高数据,结合Rice 55K SNP芯片进行基因分型,利用关联分析方法检测到3个影响抽穗期的主效QTL(q HD3、q HD6和q HD8),分别位于第3、第6和第8染色体,且分别与已知抽穗期基因DTH3、Hd3a和Ghd8在同一区域。检测到5个影响株高的QTL(q PH1.1、q PH1.2、q PH1.3、q PH4和q PH6),其中q PH1.1和q PH1.2位于已知基因Psd1和sd1附近,其余3个QTL为影响株高的新位点,但仅在1个群体和单个环境下被检测到,QTL表达受遗传背景和环境影响大。不同MAGIC群体定位抽穗期和株高的效果不同,在8亲本MAGIC群体8way及复合群体DC12和RMPRIL分别检测到5、5和6个抽穗期和株高QTL,明显多于4亲本群体DC1的2个和DC2的4个,而且作图的精度更高,表现在定位到的QTL显著水平高和与已知基因距离更近,尤其是复合群体的联合分析(如DC12和RMPRIL)的作图优势更为明显。 相似文献
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Touming Liu Yushan Zhang Weiya Xue Caiguo Xu Xianghua Li Yongzhong Xing 《Euphytica》2010,172(3):383-394
The ability to detect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in a bi-allelic population is often limited. The power of QTL detection
and identification of the most beneficial allele at each QTL could be greatly improved by comparing QTLs among different populations
derived from connecting multi-parents. In this study, three sets of connected recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from
the crosses between Zhenshan 97 and Minghui 63 (PZM), Zhenshan 97 and Teqing (PZT), and Minghui 63 and Teqing (PMT), respectively,
were used. QTL analyses for the number of spikelets per panicle (SPP) and 1,000-grain weight (TGW) were performed in PZT,
and five SPP QTLs on chromosomes 1, 6, and 7 and two TGW QTLs on chromosome 1 were detected. QTL for SPP was also identified
in PMT, and six QTLs were detected on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 6, and 7 in this population. In an earlier study, we identified
five SPP QTLs and four TGW QTLs in PMT and nine TGW QTLs in PZM. Comparison of the QTL mapping results of these two studies
showed that one QTL was common to the three populations, 11 QTLs were detected in two populations, and six QTLs were found
in only one population. Comparison of genetic effect and the action direction of the QTLs detected in the three populations
showed that additive effects of QTLs estimated in different populations were also expressed additively among three parental
alleles. Additive effects of SPP7a estimated in three near-isogenic line F2 populations supported this finding. Based on these results, we suggest that pyramiding the most beneficial alleles among
the three parents could efficiently improve rice yield. 相似文献
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Mapping quantitative trait loci for salt tolerance at germination and the seedling stage in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling salt tolerance at germination and the seedling stage in barley (Hordeum vulgare
L.) were identified by interval mapping analysis using marker information from two doubled haploid (DH) populations derived
from the crosses, Steptoe/Morex and Harrington/TR306.
Interval mapping analysis revealed that the QTLs for salt tolerance at germination in the DH lines of Steptoe/Morex were located
on chromosomes 4 (4H), 6(6H), and 7(5H), and in the DH lines of Harrington/TR306 on chromosomes 5(1H) and 7(5H). In both DH
populations, the most effective QTLs were found at different loci on chromosome 7(5H). Genetic linkage between salt tolerance
at germination and abscisic acid (ABA) response was found from QTL mapping. The QTLs for the most effective ABA response at
germination were located very close to those for salt tolerance on chromosome 7 (5H) in both crosses.
The QTLs for salt tolerance at the seedling stage were located on chromosomes 2(2H), 5(1H), 6(6H), and 7(5H) in the DH lines
of Steptoe/Morex, and on chromosome 7(5H) in the DH lines of Harrington/TR 306. Their positions were different from those
of QTLs controlling salt tolerance at germination, indicating that salt tolerance at germination and at the seedling stage
were controlled by different loci.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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阐明BT型杂交粳稻组合间育性差异的遗传基础有助于三系法杂交粳稻组合的选育。根据TR2604与豫粳6号A(B)、9201A(B)后代的花粉育性及小穗育性,明确了豫粳6号A(B)/TR2604 F1不育由双亲间特异性不亲和造成。遗传分析表明豫粳6号A(B)与TR2604 F1花粉不育受单基因S38(t)控制。以352株豫粳6号A/TR2604//TR2604、豫粳6号B/TR2604//豫粳6号B等群体中单株为定位群体,将S38(t)定位于第7染色体上标记RM18和RM234之间,与两标记遗传距离分别为0.43 cM和0.14 cM,两标记间物理距离为180 kb,相关结果为S38(t)图位克隆工作奠定了基础。 相似文献
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Breeding efforts to improve resistance in dry bean to common bacterial blight (CBB) have focused on applying marker assisted
selection strategies. We examined the interaction between two independent QTL (quantitative trait loci), SAP6 and SU91, on
the expression of resistance to CBB in a pinto bean F2 population and dark red kidney bean F2 population. The disease reaction for each F2 population was scored at several time points after inoculation. The dominant SCAR markers SAP6 and SU91 were simultaneously
genotyped as codominant markers using a multiplex real-time PCR assay. For both populations, at each time point plants having
genotypes of (su91 su91//SAP6 SAP6); (su91 su91//SAP6 sap6), and (su91 su91//sap6 sap6) were significantly more susceptible
to CBB than plants with any of the six other possible genotypes (SU91 _//_ _). Only two examples were observed across both
populations and all time points in which mean disease reactions were significantly different between any of the six (SU91
_//_ _) genotypes. No significant differences were observed between SU91 SU91 and SU91 su91 genotypes at any time point for
either F2 population. Similarly, no significant differences in CBB reaction were observed among the three SAP6 genotypes for plants
that had the su 91/su91 genotype. The results indicate CBB resistance in these two populations is primarily conditioned by
the presence of at least a single copy of the SU91 QTL. The effects of pathogen isolate and population on discerning the influence
of QTL on CBB resistance are discussed. 相似文献
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Isabela Ramsdorf Gomes Patinni Cristiane Alves de Andrade Cid Naudi Silva Campos Larissa Pereira Ribeiro Teodoro Sinomar Moreira Andrade Cassiano Garcia Roque Carlos Antônio da Silva Junior Paulo Eduardo Teodoro 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2020,206(6):806-814
Most of the Brazilian soils, especially in Cerrado biome, have high acidity and toxic aluminium, making the application of limestone an indispensable technique to obtain high yield in soybean crop. The hypothesis of this study was that contrasting base saturation provides changes in water-use efficiency (WUE) and agronomic traits of soybean populations. Thus, we evaluated the WUE and agronomic performance of F3 soybean populations under different base saturation levels. Each experiment was conducted in a randomized complete blocks design with three replicates and 10 F3 populations (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8, P9 and P10) for two crop seasons. Segregating populations were obtained by bulk method. In the first experiment, F3 populations were evaluated without correction of base saturation (V = 30%), while in the second experiment, limestone was applied three months before sowing to increase base saturation to 60%. The traits evaluated were as follows: calcium, magnesium and potassium contents, water-use efficiency (WUE), plant height, first pod height, main stem diameter and grain yield. Our findings indicate that WUE and agronomic performance of F3 soybean populations depends on the saturation condition. We identified the P4 and P9 populations as the most promising for use in breeding programmes aiming at higher tolerance to abiotic stress caused by low base saturation in soil. 相似文献
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Xiaocong Zhang Hongjun Yong Zhiqiang Zhou Chaoshu Zhang Ming Lu Qi Sun Lin Zhang Mingshun Li Degui Zhang Jianfeng Weng Zhuanfang Hao Shihuang Zhang Zhenhua Wang Xinhai Li 《Euphytica》2017,213(2):45
Understanding the combining ability and heterosis of available germplasm is a prerequisite for successful maize improvement and breeding. The objectives of this study were to analyze the combining ability and heterosis of seven representative maize germplasm populations, and further, to evaluate their potential utility in germplasm improvement. A total of 21 crosses were made among these seven populations in a complete diallel without reciprocals. The parental populations and 21 crosses were evaluated for days to silking (DS), ear height (EH), and grain yield (GY) in the Northeast and Yellow and Huai River maize growing areas in China in 2012. Csyn5, Csyn7, Cpop.11, and Cpop.12 had desirable general combining ability (GCA) effects for DS and EH in both the Northeast China mega-environment (NCM) and the Yellow and Huai River Regions of China mega-environment (YHCM). Cpop.11 possessed a favorable GCA effect for GY in the NCM, as did Csyn5, Cpop.17, and Cpop.18 in the YHCM. Csyn6 and Csyn7 exhibited tremendous yield-enhancing potential in both mega-environments. Additionally, six combinations including Csyn7 × Csyn6, Csyn5 × Csyn6, Cpop.11 × Cpop.18, Cpop.12 × Cpop.17, Csyn7 × Cpop.17, and Csyn5 × Csyn7 exhibited better specific combining ability effects for GY, yield performance, and mid-parent heterosis in the appropriate mega-environment. These results indicated that the seven populations would be very useful for the improvement of related agronomic traits, and the six candidate combinations possessed great potential for further improvement and utilization. 相似文献
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M. J. Barbetti S. K. Banga T. D. Fu Y. C. Li D. Singh S. Y. Liu X. T. Ge S. S. Banga 《Euphytica》2014,197(1):47-59
Twenty Brassica breeding populations derived from mass selection or inter-specific hybridization were field screened for resistance to three separate isolates of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, the cause of Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR). Variation due to S. sclerotiorum isolates (P ≤ 0.001) and host populations (P ≤ 0.001) were highly significant. Populations × isolate interactions were also significant. S. sclerotiorum isolates, MBRS1 and MBRS5 were the most pathogenic and almost similar in terms of population reactions, with WW3 clearly being distinct and having a much smaller range in lesion length across the populations. There were wide ranging and variable responses in terms of resistance against S. sclerotiorum in Brassica napus and B. juncea, with or without B. carinata introgression, among these breeding populations. In B napus, ZY006 (resistant check) and Line6 (HZAU) were the most resistant, closely followed by Line1 (HZAU), OCRI-3 and Line5 (HZAU). Line6 (HZAU) showed excellent resistance against the highly virulent isolates MBRS1 and MBRS5; while OCRI-1 appeared most resistant against isolate WW3. The B. juncea × B. carinata hybrid JC134 (PAU) was the most resistant against isolate MBRS5 and B. juncea RH9902 × JN026 the most resistant against isolate MBRS1. B. napus lines Line2 (HZAU), Line4 (HZAU), OCRI-3; and OCRI-4, and the B. napus × B. carinata hybrid Surpass4000 NCB4 (PAU), showed a significant degree of isolate-dependency in their reactions. In contrast, some other genotypes such as B. napus lines Line1 (HZAU), OCRI-5; Ding 110× Oscar and, particularly, Line5 (HZAU), were largely isolate-independent, making them ideal sources of resistance to target and exploit in developing new commercial cultivars with more effective resistance to SSR across multiple pathotypes of this pathogen. Cluster analysis allowed categorization of the test populations into five groups, based on their resistant responses. B. napus ZY006 was the sole genotype in the most resistant group. B. napus lines Line6 (HZAU), Ding 110 × Oscar (HAU) and Line4 (HZAU) clustered in another genetically distinct resistant group. That lines could be grouped into those with similar responses across the three different isolates of S. sclerotiorum will save breeders much time and expense by eliminating duplication of breeding efforts that occurs from using genotypes that are essentially similar in terms of host resistance against this serious pathogen. Further, that populations of similar levels of resistance but narrow variation in the resistance range could be identified is significant, as these are most likely to reliably provide breeders with advanced populations that not only consistently display the level of resistance expected but also reflect genetic diversity of resistance sources needed to successfully develop new more-resistant commercial varieties. 相似文献
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Evaluation of seedling populations assists in identifying those plants most desirable as parents for a breeding programme.
A multivariate analysis of variance (Manova) showed that the seedling populations from 6 kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) crosses differed in their overall merit. Discriminant functions were then used to identify the characters most powerful
in distinguishing between populations. The populations were placed in order of their function scores which represent overall
merit, and the superior populations were determined. The results showed that `Bruno' was a superior female parent for the
production of seedlings with high discriminant function scores for floriferousness (male offspring)and productivity and high
vitamin C content (female offspring). One male parent D-1-20 was consistently superior to D-1-6 the other male parent.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献