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1.
瘦素由肥胖基因编码,是动物脂肪细胞分泌的一种蛋白质激素,通过瘦素受体介导作用于靶组织。瘦素可调节动物摄食量、能量代谢,参与神经内分泌和免疫反应等,并与肥胖、糖尿病等疾病有着密切的联系。本文将从瘦素的生物学功能、作用机制及其在畜牧生产应用等进行综述。 相似文献
2.
瘦素(leptin)是由脂肪细胞分泌的代谢调节因子,通过结合靶细胞膜上的瘦素受体(Lep-Rb)后经过相关的信号转导体系来发挥生物学作用。Leptin可抑制脂肪的沉积,促进脂肪的水解。就其对动物机体脂肪沉积调控作一综述。 相似文献
3.
瘦素是由白色脂肪细胞分泌的一种蛋白类激素,对动物的采食量及能量平衡调控具有明显的作用。除此之外,瘦素对生殖系统也有着重要的调节作用。瘦素通过JAK-STAT途径及与KiSS-1/GPR54系统的相互作用,对动物初情期的启动,下丘脑—垂体—性腺(HPG)轴及胎盘与子宫等产生广泛的影响。 相似文献
4.
瘦素可以降低脂肪含量、改变体组成、维持能量平衡，提高机体抗应激能力和免疫机能，促进动物新陈代谢。从而提高畜禽生产性能和经济效益。本文从调控机制、抗性、能量平衡及其在动物体内的作用等方面综述了瘦素生物学功能的研究进展，并从神经内分泌和分子生物学水平探讨瘦素的作用机理，指出其在畜牧业上的应用前景； 相似文献
5.
本试验旨在研究脂多糖应激条件下,高瘦素血症对动物血液学和激素系统各项参数的影响。选择16头马,其中8头(4头母马,4头去势公马)诊断有高瘦素血症(血浆平均瘦素含量10.0～15.5ng/mL),8头血浆瘦素平均含量2.4ng/mL(4头去势母马)和5.5ng/mL(4头公马)。采用单次交叉试验设计,成对动物或被灌注脂多糖(35ng/kg体重,溶于500mL生理盐水中,灌注30min)或被灌注生理盐水,灌注后24h监测生理学指标和血成分组成。两次试验间隔期8d。与生理盐水灌注组相比,内毒素灌注提高了动物的直肠内温度、心率、呼吸率、血浆中总蛋白含量和血细胞压积。瘦素水平、内毒素处理和时间对心率(P=0.039)、呼吸率(P=0.018)和血浆总蛋白含量(P=0.054)存在交互作用。内毒素灌注后,降低了血中白细胞数、淋巴细胞数和中性粒细胞数(P0.001)。瘦素水平和性别对血小板数量存在相互作用。灌注内毒素提高了血浆中瘦素水平(P=0.013)。性别和处理时间对血浆中皮质醇和催乳素存在交互作用,而血浆中生长激素含量(P0.001)只受灌注后时间的影响。结果表明,在本试验条件(瘦素水平较低)下,瘦素水平及其与之相关的2型糖尿病症状对血液学和激素系统影响较小。 相似文献
6.
瘦素(Leptin)主要是由脂肪组织分泌的一种蛋白质产物,对动物初次发情有重要的调节作用。作者就Leptin对动物初情期启动的调控,特别是对下丘脑－垂体－卵巢轴及其相关激素的调控作用进行了综述。 相似文献
7.
瘦素 (Leptin)是ob基因 (即肥胖基因 )的蛋白产物 ,它除增加能量消耗、减少摄食与参加热调节和能量平衡外 ,还作用于下丘脑、肾上腺、甲状腺和性腺等处 ,发挥看很多重要的作用 ,影响动物诸多内分泌代谢过程 ,从而调控动物的生殖系统。在动物生产上 ,有望提高家畜的瘦肉率 ,调节动物机体的膘情、体重和动物的生殖活动等。 相似文献
8.
近年来,体内外试验研究表明,瘦素的短期或长期处理能够调节哺乳动物骨骼肌和肌细胞内蛋白质的代谢,而这主要是由于瘦素可以调节肌细胞内与蛋白质代谢相关的信号通路(如胰岛素相关信号通路和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶信号通路)的活性.因此,本文综述了瘦素及其受体在动物体内肌肉组织蛋白质代谢过程中的调节作用,并分析讨论了这一过程中瘦素的可能... 相似文献
9.
烟酸(NA)是动物必需维生素之一,在动物三大营养物质代谢中起着至关重要的作用,作为烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NAD)和烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸(NADP)的前体,可以在供能代谢反应中传递氢和电子.烟酸具有调节脂肪的作用,能够影响机体的脂肪代谢.烟酸通过脂联素、瘦素和胰岛素等激素和G蛋白偶联受体(GPR109A)、二酰基甘油... 相似文献
10.
脂肪细胞是一种能分泌多种细胞因子的内分泌细胞,如脂联素(APN)、瘦素、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)及抵抗素等,这些细胞因子通过多种信号通路在机体脂类代谢中发挥着重要作用。本文主要综述了脂肪细胞因子对动物脂类代谢的调控机理,为通过饲粮途径调控动物的脂类代谢和改善肉品质提供参考依据。 相似文献
11.
In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario. Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously. 相似文献
13.
In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada. 相似文献
14.
In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%). 相似文献
15.
In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection. 相似文献
17.
In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium. 相似文献
18.
In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated. Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively. 相似文献
19.
In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%). 相似文献
20.
In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%). Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada. 相似文献
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