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1.
甘肃省啤酒大麦新品种（系）区试结果的GGE 双标图分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为筛选出适宜于甘肃省种植的高产、优质、抗逆性强、综合农艺性状优良的啤酒大麦新品种(系),采用GGE双标图对2012-2013年甘肃省区域试验7个试点的8个啤酒大麦新品种(系)及1个对照品种(甘啤4号)试验数据进行分析.结果表明,9922-28、农大7号、农大NFC属于丰产性、稳产性较好的品种(系).在7个试点中,代表性和鉴别力较好的是玉门农技中心、永昌县农技中心.品种0008-3和试点山丹良种场在本次试验中表现较差. 相似文献
2.
基于GGE双标图的北方大麦区试品种稳产性及试点代表性评价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为准确评价大麦品系的稳产性和适应性及北方大麦区试试点的鉴别力和环境代表性,利用GGE双标图对2012-2013年国家大麦北方区域试验6个试点（黑龙江哈尔滨、内蒙古呼和浩特、黑龙江红兴隆、内蒙古上库力、甘肃武威黄羊镇和新疆石河子）的12个大麦品种（垦啤7号、甘啤7号、10PJ-24、红08-764、08B26、P10-6、中饲麦1号、09GW-01、9821、红00-801、P11-1和甘啤6号）的试验数据进行分析。结果表明,中国北方地区大麦6个试点可分为三个类型区,在三个类型区表现最好的品种分别是垦啤7号、10PJ-24和9821。石河子是最理想的试点,有较好的品种鉴别能力;哈尔滨和上库力在品种鉴别能力和环境代表性上很相似,而且鉴别力较差。12个大麦品种中,中饲麦1号和08B26的丰产、稳产性较好,而P11-1表现较差。 相似文献
3.
为更科学准确地评价花生品种的丰产稳产性和广适性,提高品种选育和推广效率,本研究采用基于R语言的GGE双标图,分析了2018-2019年国家(北方片)花生新品种多点试验小粒组中安花3号等参试品种的丰产、稳产性和适应性。结果表明：安花3号在两年品种试验中的丰产性突出,稳产性优良;在两年试验的综合性排名双标图中,距理想品种中心点最近,高产稳产性综合表现均排名第一;在参试品种中适应性最广,适宜种植区涵盖我国北方河南、山东、河北、辽宁及山西等省份;与对照品种花育20号比较,安花3号在我国北方小粒组大部分区域有明显种植优势。综上,安花3号是具有丰产性、稳产性和广适性的优良品种。本研究为安花3号的育种利用和生产推广提供了理论依据与参考。 相似文献
4.
用GGE双标图分析贺油花生品种产量稳定性及试点代表性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国油料作物学报》2016,(1)
采用GGE-biplot双标图分析方法,分析了贺油系列花生品种在江西赣州,福建泉州,广东湛江、罗定,广西贺州、桂平、武宣的产量数据。结果表明:贺油11号、贺油12号具有较强的稳产性、高产性和适应性,其中贺油11号的平均产量、最高产量分别为3 510.7、4 447.5kg·hm~(-2),贺油12号的平均产量、最高产量分别为3 440.2、4 575.0kg·hm~(-2),除了贺油12号在贺州试点表现不佳外,这两个品种在其他试点中均表现良好;其余品种都有各自特殊的适应区域,贺油9号适合贺州试点所代表的区域种植,贺油10号适合广东罗定试点所代表的区域种植,贺油13号适合江西赣州和广东湛江试点所代表的区域种植;在各品种适应的种植区域中,它们的产量均高于3 410.0kg·hm~(-2)。GGE双标图分析方法对指导花生在不同生态环境条件下的选育和产量鉴定有一定的指导意义,为贺油系列花生品种选择有针对性推广区域提供了理论依据。 相似文献
5.
非参数统计法在玉米区试品种综合评判中的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
应用秩次变量nij和n′ij；驴非参数统计量Pi、P′i、Si和Dj，对2000年毕节地区杂交玉米坡地组区试资料的基本特征进行描述，并对参试品种进行综合评判。结果表明，玉米区试品种问丰产性和稳定性存在显著差异，S219是丰产性最佳品种；稳定性较好的品种有赫单4号、毕玉3506、毕2001，以赫单4号最佳；丰产性和稳定性均优良的品种有毕玉3506、毕2001，全部试点均对品种差异具有较高鉴别力，其中鉴别力最高的是毕节市汾河试点，发现了80．6％的差数为显著。 相似文献
6.
为比较不同大豆品种(系)产量的稳定性和适应性,筛选优良大豆品种(系),对2020—2021年国家黄淮海夏大豆南组区域试验数据进行多因素方差分析和GGE双标图分析。结果表明：除年份效应外,各因素及互作效应对大豆产量影响都达到极显著水平(P<0.01),其中地点(55.31%)的贡献率最大,品种(5.97%)和年份(0.02%)贡献率较小。12个试点中平均产量最高的是山东济宁,比产量最低的安徽阜阳高33.63%,差异显著(P<0.05);11个参试品种中平均产量最高的是邯豆13,比对照中黄13(CKA)和中黄13(CKB)分别增产10.93%和9.91%,差异显著。GGE双标图分析结果显示,江苏灌云和徐州,山东临沂和济宁相似度较高,试点有重复设置的可能。河南周口对参试品种的鉴别力和代表性最强,是理想试点。12个试点被分为两组,徐9416-8在第一组试点产量最高,柳豆108在第二组试点产量最高。丰产性和稳产性分析结果表明,邯豆13、圣育6号和南农60的丰产性和稳产性较好。本研究筛选得到稳定性和适应性较强的大豆品种(系),并为优异种质资源... 相似文献
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我国冬油菜区域试验品种的高产稳产和适应性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
张毅 《中国油料作物学报》2018,40(3):359
高产稳产和广适性是油菜育种的重要目标,利用GGE双标图方法对品种稳产性和适应性进行科学评价,有助于提升油菜新品种的选择效率和推广应用效果。本研究采用GGE双标图方法分析了2016-2017年长江下游国家冬油菜品种区域试验中参试品种高产稳产性和适应性。结果表明：1) 油菜产量的基因型、环境、基因型与环境互作效应均达极显著水平（P<0.01）,两组试验平均环境主效占处理平方和的66.0%,而基因型主效占8.1%,基因型与环境互作效应占26.1%。2)德徽油88和中油600丰产性好,稳产性较好;创油17号在区域试验中丰产性好而稳产性差;对照品种秦优10号丰产性较好,稳产性有待提高。3)理想指数分析揭示了中油600的高产稳产性综合表现优秀,德徽油88次之,而对照品种秦优10号的综合表现一般。4)德徽油88适宜种植区域最广,是所有参试品种中适应性最广的品种;创油17号的适应区域也较广,但同时在其余区域的表现有待提高;秦优29和中油600的适应性较好;而秦优10号、秦优29、宁杂118、宁杂158、荣华油50和苏6006等品种仅在个别区域适宜种植,适应性有待提高。 相似文献
9.
基于AMMI模型和GGE双标图对2018～2019年贵州春玉米11个品种、5个试点的产量数据进行丰产性和稳产性分析,评价试点的辨别力和代表性。结果表明,2018年中金玉838、新中玉801、先玉1171丰产性较好,靖单14、先玉1171和金玉838的稳产性较好;威宁、毕节试点的代表性较好,安顺、铜仁试点辨别力较强。2019年中金玉838、新中玉801、先玉1171丰产性较好,先玉1171和金玉838和兴玉3号的稳产性较好;安顺、兴仁试点的代表性较好,毕节、威宁辨别力较强。综合分析,金玉838的丰产性、稳产性均较强,综合表现最佳,威宁和毕节具有较高的试点辨别力和代表性。 相似文献
10.
利用R语言GGE双标图评价玉米区域试验——以2018年江苏淮北玉米区域试验为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为分析区域试验参试组合的丰产性、稳产性和适应性及各试验点的鉴别力和代表性，采用R语言GGEBiplotGUI程序包对2018年江苏省淮北区域试验18个品种（对照郑单958）和10个试验点进行分析。结果表明，10个试验点可分为3个"小生态区"，其中，丰县、铜山、邳州、沭阳为一个"小生态区"，淮安、睢宁、宿迁为一个"小生态区"，滨海、岗埠（位于连云港）、淮安金色天华为一个"小生态区"。瑞友288、HT736、X1601、Ly1666丰产性较好，瑞友288不但丰产性好，稳产性也好，其他3个组合稳产性稍差。综合各试验点的鉴别力和代表性，淮安、睢宁、沭阳3个试验点鉴别力强、代表性好；岗埠试验点、淮安金色天华试验点具有较强的鉴别力但代表性较差；宿迁试验点具有较强的代表性但鉴别力较差。 相似文献
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Lakshman Lal 《Potato Research》1987,30(2):329-334
Summary The effects of the leaves of five plant species, one from each of the generaAmbrosia, Anemone, Eupatorium, Eucalyptus andLantana, on potato tuber moth were investigated under indigenous storage conditions at the Central Potato Research Station, Shillong
(1800 m above sea level). Their action was compared with that of a biological insecticide (spores ofBacillus thuringiensis), a chemical insecticide (carbaryl), and an untreated control. The data collected after six months storage on tuber damage,
sprout damage and the rotting indicated that the leaves ofLantana aculeata provided most protection to the tubers, reducing damage from over 70% in the check to below 5%, and sprout damage from over
45% to below 3%. Next best wasEucalyptus globulus followed byB. thuringiensis. They may be used on tubers stored for table use or for seed as they had no adverse effect on germination or on the yield
of a subsequent crop. 相似文献
13.
《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(2):81-114
Summary The efficiency of N fertilizers is usually poor; often less than 50% of the applied N is taken up by the crop. This review focuses on various N fertilizers with respect to the significance of different N loss pathways, namely (i) ammonia volatilization, (ii) dinitrogen and nitrogen oxide emissions, and (iii) nitrate leaching. Further, the significance of biological N immobilization, ammonium fixation and, finally, the impact of nitrate vs. ammonium uptake on crop yield are also discussed. The reviewed literature shows that N fertilizers may differ markedly in their susceptibility to losses. There is, however, considerable scope to improve N efficiency of each N source by proper N management practices. 相似文献
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M. I. Siri P. Villanueva M. J. Pianzzola L. Franco Fraguas G. Galván M. Acosta F. Ferreira 《Potato Research》2004,47(3-4):127-138
Summary The in vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts from accessions ofSolanum commersonii Dun. collected in the south of Uruguay was investigated against five microorganisms including the pathogenRalstonia solanacearum. A total of 30 extracts corresponding to organic and aqueous extracts were studied. Interestingly, most of the positive results
for growth inhibition were againstR. solanacearum. The extracts were also analyzed for the presence of glycoalkaloids and lectins. Six of the ten aqueous extracts showed lectin
presence and a wide variation in the type and amounts of glycoalkaloids, was found. Results indicate that there is no clear
relationship between the antimicrobial activity against the five microorganisms screened and the presence or amounts of lectins
and glycoalkaloids, traditionally regarded as possible antimicrobial metabolites in theSolanum genus, which indicates the presence of as yet unidentified antimicrobial compounds. 相似文献
16.
Novel food and non-food uses for sorghum and millets 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4
Sorghum and millets have considerable potential in foods and beverages. As they are gluten-free they are suitable for coeliacs. Sorghum is also a potentially important source of nutraceuticals such antioxidant phenolics and cholesterol-lowering waxes. Cakes, cookies, pasta, a parboiled rice-like product and snack foods have been successfully produced from sorghum and, in some cases, millets. Wheat-free sorghum or millet bread remains the main challenge. Additives such as native and pre-gelatinised starches, hydrocolloids, fat, egg and rye pentosans improve bread quality. However, specific volumes are lower than those for wheat bread or gluten-free breads based on pure starches, and in many cases, breads tend to stale faster. Lager and stout beers with sorghum are brewed commercially. Sorghum's high-starch gelatinisation temperature and low beta-amylase activity remain problems with regard to complete substitution of barley malt with sorghum malt . The role of the sorghum endosperm matrix protein and cell wall components in limiting extract is a research focus. Brewing with millets is still at an experimental stage. Sorghum could be important for bioethanol and other bio-industrial products. Bioethanol research has focused on improving the economics of the process through cultivar selection, method development for low-quality grain and pre-processing to recover valuable by-products. Potential by-products such as the kafirin prolamin proteins and the pericarp wax have potential as bioplastic films and coatings for foods, primarily due to their hydrophobicity. 相似文献
17.
Alejandro Carlos Tozzini María Fernanda Ceriani María Verónica Saladrigas H. Esteban Hopp 《Potato Research》1991,34(3):317-324
Summary Clones derived from thirty-one different accessions (nineteen of Argentine origin) belonging to eightSolanum species were screened for resistance to infection by potato virus X strain cp (PVX cp) by mechanical inoculation of plantlets
that had been micropropagated in vitro. Estimates of PVX multiplication obtained by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and
slot blot nucleic acid hybridization allowed the identification of resistant clones derived from five accessions belonging
toS. commersonii S. oplocense, S. sparsipilum andS. tuberosum andigena. Resistant genotypes supported PVX concentrations 5 to 15 times smaller than did the susceptible control cultivar Spunta.
Graft inoculation test confirmed the presence of extreme resistance similar to that conferred by the ‘immunity’ gene X1 (also called RXact). 相似文献
18.
Rita Favas Janaína Morone Rosrio Martins Vitor Vasconcelos Graciliana Lopes 《Marine drugs》2022,20(3)
The loss of density and elasticity, the appearance of wrinkles and hyperpigmentation are among the first noticeable signs of skin aging. Beyond UV radiation and oxidative stress, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) assume a preponderant role in the process, since their deregulation results in the degradation of most extracellular matrix components. In this survey, four cyanobacteria strains were explored for their capacity to produce secondary metabolites with biotechnological potential for use in anti-aging formulations. Leptolyngbya boryana LEGE 15486 and Cephalothrix lacustris LEGE 15493 from freshwater ecosystems, and Leptolyngbya cf. ectocarpi LEGE 11479 and Nodosilinea nodulosa LEGE 06104 from marine habitats were sequentially extracted with acetone and water, and extracts were analyzed for their toxicity in cell lines with key roles in the skin context (HaCAT, 3T3L1, and hCMEC). The non-toxic extracts were chemically characterized in terms of proteins, carotenoids, phenols, and chlorophyll a, and their anti-aging potential was explored through their ability to scavenge the physiological free radical superoxide anion radical (O2•−), to reduce the activity of the MMPs elastase and hyaluronidase, to inhibit tyrosinase and thus avoid melanin production, and to block UV-B radiation (sun protection factor, SPF). Leptolyngbya species stood out for anti-aging purposes: L. boryana LEGE 15486 presented a remarkable SPF of 19 (at 200 µg/mL), being among the best species regarding O2•− scavenging, (IC50 = 99.50 µg/mL) and also being able to inhibit tyrosinase (IC25 = 784 µg/mL), proving to be promising against UV-induced skin-aging; L. ectocarpi LEGE 11479 was more efficient in inhibiting MMPs (hyaluronidase, IC50 = 863 µg/mL; elastase, IC50 = 391 µg/mL), thus being the choice to retard dermal density loss. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the data allowed the grouping of extracts into three groups, according to their chemical composition; the correlation of carotenoids and chlorophyll a with MMPs activity (p < 0.01), O2•− scavenging with phenolic compounds (p < 0.01), and phycocyanin and allophycocyanin with SPF, pointing to these compounds in particular as responsible for UV-B blockage. This original survey explores, for the first time, the biotechnological potential of these cyanobacteria strains in the field of skin aging, demonstrating the promising, innovative, and multifactorial nature of these microorganisms. 相似文献
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Alejandro M. S. Mayer Abimael D. Rodríguez Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati Nobuhiro Fusetani 《Marine drugs》2013,11(7):2510-2573
The peer-reviewed marine pharmacology literature from 2009 to 2011 is presented in this review, following the format used in the 1998–2008 reviews of this series. The pharmacology of structurally-characterized compounds isolated from marine animals, algae, fungi and bacteria is discussed in a comprehensive manner. Antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, and antiviral pharmacological activities were reported for 102 marine natural products. Additionally, 60 marine compounds were observed to affect the immune and nervous system as well as possess antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. Finally, 68 marine metabolites were shown to interact with a variety of receptors and molecular targets, and thus will probably contribute to multiple pharmacological classes upon further mechanism of action studies. Marine pharmacology during 2009–2011 remained a global enterprise, with researchers from 35 countries, and the United States, contributing to the preclinical pharmacology of 262 marine compounds which are part of the preclinical pharmaceutical pipeline. Continued pharmacological research with marine natural products will contribute to enhance the marine pharmaceutical clinical pipeline, which in 2013 consisted of 17 marine natural products, analogs or derivatives targeting a limited number of disease categories. 相似文献
20.
Chitosan is considered to be one of the most promising and applicable materials in adsorption applications. The existence of amino and hydroxyl groups in its molecules contributes to many possible adsorption interactions between chitosan and pollutants (dyes, metals, ions, phenols, pharmaceuticals/drugs, pesticides, herbicides, etc.). These functional groups can help in establishing positions for modification. Based on the learning from previously published works in literature, researchers have achieved a modification of chitosan with a number of different functional groups. This work summarizes the published works of the last three years (2012–2014) regarding the modification reactions of chitosans (grafting, cross-linking, etc.) and their application to adsorption of different environmental pollutants (in liquid-phase). 相似文献