共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
2.
蛋鸡健康养殖网络化管理信息系统 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
该文阐述了基于.NET技术和ERP思想的蛋鸡健康养殖网络化管理信息系统的研发过程。该系统选用Windows 2003 Server平台、SQL Server 2000数据库、Visual Studio .NET 2003开发环境和C#开发语言。系统包括员工服务、人事管理、文档管理、饲料管理、蛋鸡管理、视频监控、鸡病查询、鸡蛋查询、系统维护等9个模块。借鉴“产前、产中和产后”的全程管理思想，利用“从车间到餐桌”的鸡蛋编码可追溯技术，采用了鸡舍环境预警模型，使得消费者可以从网上查询到具有Egg ID鸡蛋的相关信息(鸡蛋生产厂商、生产地点、生产时间、蛋鸡信息和生产环境等)。该系统在存栏120万羽蛋鸡的北京某蛋鸡场得以应用。 相似文献
3.
．NET框架下蛋鸡龙头企业生产经营管理辅助决策支持系统的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对我国畜禽生产龙头企业的总体水平现状以及对禽蛋需求的增加，构思和完善畜禽养殖业龙头企业生产经营管理辅助决策支持系统，以蛋鸡为实例，设计基于数据库、网络技术的蛋鸡生产龙头企业生产经营管理系统，探索建设养鸡场生产网络信息系统的技术和方法，已建成一个可在单机、局域网以及Internet/Intranet等不同模式运行的生产经营管理系统。以提高我国规模化蛋鸡企业生产管理水平为目标，为科学饲养提供早期预测和辅助决策支持，为管理人员提供蛋鸡生产动态管理及科学决策提供依据。 相似文献
4.
针对禽蛋需求、蛋鸡规模化养殖场资金和饲料等资源相对不足的实情，构思和完善了２０万羽蛋鸡场生产管理系统的技术研究与开发。该系统包括信息管理系统和自动化监控系统两大部分。系统的建立，可提高劳动生产率和规模化蛋鸡业的总体生产水平，促进蛋鸡业向高产、优质、高效方向持续发展，以适应社会市场经济发展和人民的生活需要 相似文献
5.
计算机在20万羽蛋鸡场生产管理中的应用研究 总被引：3，自引：4，他引：3
针对禽蛋需求，蛋鸡规模化养殖场资金和饲料等资源相对不足的实情，构思和完善了２０万羽蛋鸡场生产管理系统的技术研究与开发。该系统包括信息管理系统和自动化监测系统两大部分，系统的建立，可提高劳动生产率和规模化蛋鸡业的总体生产水平，促进蛋鸡业向高产，优质，高效方向持续发展，以适应社会市场经济发展和人民的生活需要。 相似文献
6.
蛋鸡发声音频数据库的构建与应用 总被引：8，自引：7，他引：1
蛋鸡发声含有丰富的机体信息,充分挖掘其声学特性,并利用其无接触、无应激的优点,为建立基于发声信息的蛋鸡养殖远程监测平台提供基础依据。该研究借助音频数字化处理技术和数据库管理平台,以海兰褐蛋鸡为例,搭建系统分别采集其在小规模(5只)饲养条件下的叫声信息及其体态行为。运用音频处理软件Adobe Auditionv1.0和音频分析软件Praat5.3提取蛋鸡发声特征参数,包括持续时间、基音频率、频谱质心、共振峰及其衍生的统计值,以此构建出蛋鸡发声音频数据库,在此基础上分别选取蛋鸡产蛋行为发声、鸣唱声和鸣叫声等典型发声行为对比分析。结果表明,蛋鸡产蛋行为发声与鸣唱声均为多次重复的、有节奏的、短促的音节所构成(称其为句子),前者先抑后扬、后者先扬后抑,句子的音节个数分别是7.8±2.0、15.2±7.7,但其时频域特征间存在着显著差异(P<0.05),与鸣叫声相比,其发声特征参数如频谱质心、共振峰等有着显著差异。研究表明,掌握蛋鸡发声的含义,有助于了解其行为特性、机体状态以及种群间的信息传递,并为蛋鸡行为特征识别与数字化监测平台的构建提供数据支持。 相似文献
7.
华北地区是中国蛋鸡养殖的主要区域,摸清华北地区蛋鸡养殖产业碳排放清单,开展科学规范的蛋鸡养殖产业碳排放核算,可为中国畜牧业碳减排技术筛选和政策制定提供依据。该研究利用混合生命周期评价和联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会（intergovernmental panel on climate change,IPCC）国家温室气体清单指南的相关核算方法,结合实地调研数据、GABI 软件中Ecoinvent 数据库和中国蛋鸡养殖业文献Meta分析数据,对华北地区蛋鸡养殖产业碳排放因子进行完善,构建出“饲料种植-蛋鸡饲养-鸡蛋包装-粪污存储-粪污处理”全生命周期的蛋鸡养殖产业碳排放核算方法。并将该方法用在华北某区域362家蛋鸡养殖场,综合分析蛋鸡养殖产业链各环节碳排放量,找到目前存在的碳排放问题,并提出碳减排建议。结果表明：1）大规模养殖场每羽蛋鸡1 a的碳排放量（以二氧化碳当量计,CO2-eq）为23.0 kg,较小规模养殖场的25.6 kg和中等规模养殖场的24.4 kg少10.1%和5.7%。2）对每羽蛋鸡不同养殖环节1 a的碳排情况进行分析,发现饲料种植、蛋鸡肠道发酵、鸡蛋包装和粪便存储处理为主要排放源,排放量分别为13.0、2.2、2.2和1.2 kg 。3）建议通过精准饲养,提高饲料利用率、提升畜禽粪污的处理水平、打破蛋鸡养殖固化模式等方式减少蛋鸡养殖碳排放。该研究可为蛋鸡养殖产业碳排放核算提供方法,并为制定碳减排政策提供科学依据。 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
20万羽蛋鸡规模化生产管理网络系统的设计 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
针对我国规模化蛋鸡生产的总体水平现代以及对禽蛋需求的增加,设计基于数据库、专家系统和自动化监控技术的规模化蛋鸡场生产管理系统、探索建设养鸡生产网络信息系统的技术和方法。在已有系统基础上,将科学计算、数据分析、绘图处理、人工智能和自动化监控技术集成于一体,为提高我国规模化蛋鸡企业生产水平、科学饲养与鸡病防治,提供早期预测和专家咨询,为管理人员提供蛋鸡生产动态管理及科学决策提供依据。 相似文献
11.
【目的】以富士（Fuji）、 秦冠（Qinguan）嫁接在平邑甜茶（Malus hupehensis Rehd.）上的当年生盆栽苗为试验材料,采用砂培方法,研究了缺氮胁迫和干旱对富士和秦冠生长情况、 光合参数、 植株各部位氮磷钾含量及氮素利用效率的影响,分析比较了低氮干旱条件下富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的差异,以期为果树生产高效肥水利用提供理论指导。【方法】试验共设四个处理: 正常氮正常水（ZZ）、 低氮正常水（DZ）、 正常氮干旱（ZG）、 低氮干旱（DG）。氮素和水分均设置两个水平,分别为正常氮（6 mmol/L NO-3-N）、 低氮（0.3 mmol/LNO-3-N）、 正常供水（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的80%~85%）、 干旱处理（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的60%~65%）。【结果】富士和秦冠的生物量（茎和叶）、 株高茎粗等生长指标以及光合速率、 气孔导度、 蒸腾速率均为正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）,并且相对应处理下秦冠的以上指标均高于富士;正常供水下,缺氮处理使富士、 秦冠的根冠比比正常氮处理均有所增加,富士提高了2.05%,秦冠提高了22.40%。富士和秦冠的氮、 磷、 钾含量均表现出正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）; 氮、 钾元素含量在植株各部位的分布顺序依次是叶＞根＞茎,磷元素则是根＞叶＞茎;光合氮素利用效率（PNUE）和氮素利用效率表现为秦冠处理之间差异极显著,富士处理之间差异不显著;秦冠的PNUE和NUE明显高于富士,在低氮正常水（DZ）处理下,秦冠氮肥利用率比富士高42.07%,在低氮干旱（DG）处理下高64.14%;低氮胁迫下富士和秦冠的NUE显著提高,并且秦冠提高的幅度高于富士。【结论】施用氮肥能够显著提高富士与秦冠的干物质量,同等水肥条件下,秦冠生长优于富士;水分亏缺会减少叶片对氮的吸收,干旱条件下适度增施氮肥,可提高果树的抗旱能力;低氮干旱胁迫下秦冠的生长指标、 光合指标及氮素利用效率指标均优于富士,表现出较强的抗低氮干旱胁迫的能力。 相似文献
12.
Kyle Devey Michael Mucalo Gordon Rajendram Joseph Lane 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2015,46(4):72-80
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a new technique for the analysis of plant material. This study investigates the application of LIBS to pasture-based plant samples. The LIBS measurements were obtained from pelletized pasture samples (100 samples) that had been also analyzed by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) following microwave digestion for calibration and comparison purposes. Comparisons for elements sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), boron (B), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) showed that LIBS could be used for almost all the standard profile total elements with concentrations down to low mg/kg levels (observed error of Na: 0.024 percent, K: 0.18 percent, Mg: 0.016 percent, Ca: 0.073 percent, P: 0.017 percent, Mn: 31 mg/kg, Fe: 150 mg/kg, Zn: 6.6 mg/kg, and B: 1.1 mg/kg). Elemental analysis at less than mg/kg levels was not possible using LIBS. The elements S and Cu were particularly difficult to analyze with reliability using LIBS at the concentration levels found in the plant samples. Replacing microwave digestion and subsequent ICP analysis with a direct analysis of dried plant samples using LIBS has the potential to improve the productivity and reduce the cost of testing. 相似文献
13.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(8)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
14.
Aleš Lebeda Ivana Doležalová Eva Křístková Barbora Mieslerová 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2001,48(2):153-164
Staff members of the Department of Botany of Palacký University in Olomouc and Gene Bank Department – Workplace Olomouc, Research Institute of Crop Production in Prague, Czech Republic, conducted an expedition in seven European countries (Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland) in August/September 1999 to collect wild Lactuca spp. germplasm and study its geographic distribution, ecology and biodiversity. During the mission, more than 600 locations were visited resulting in the collection of 602 seed samples (accessions) of wild Lactuca species and 13 seed samples of related genera (Chondrilla and Mycelis). Lactuca serriola f. serriola, L. serriola f. integrifolia, L. saligna and L. viminea subsp. chondrilliflora were prevalent in southern Europe (Italy, France), however, only L. serriola was common in central and western Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland). The greatest diversity of Lactuca species was found in France, where also the most seed samples (165) were collected. The most characteristic habitats with a high density of Lactuca spp. populations were observed along roads and highways, grassy ditches, ruderal communities, and dust-heaps. Natural infections by powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum) and downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) on some wild Lactuca spp. were observed. Recent observations concerning the geographic distribution, population structure, habitats, and natural occurrence of diseases of Lactuca spp. are discussed. This assemblage of genetic resources of Lactuca spp. can serve as the basis of future studies of species diversification, spatial population structure, plant microevolution, domestication processes, and genetic variability of host-parasite interactions. 相似文献
15.
M.A. Callaham Jr. J.M. BlairT.C. Todd D.J. KitchenM.R. Whiles 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2003,35(8):1079-1093
The responses of tallgrass prairie plant communities and ecosystem processes to fire and grazing are well characterized. However, responses of invertebrate consumer groups, and particularly soil-dwelling organisms, to these disturbances are not well known. At Konza Prairie Biological Station, we sampled soil macroinvertebrates in 1994 and 1999 as part of a long-term experiment designed to examine the effects and interactions of annual fire, mowing, and fertilization (N and P) on prairie soil communities and processes. For nearly all taxa, in both years, responses were characterized by significant treatment interactions, but some general patterns were evident. Introduced European earthworms (Aporrectodea spp. and Octolasion spp.) were most abundant in plots where fire was excluded, and the proportion of the total earthworm community consisting of introduced earthworms was greater in unburned, unmowed, and fertilized plots. Nymphs of two Cicada genera were collected (Cicadetta spp. and Tibicen spp.). Cicadetta nymphs were more abundant in burned plots, but mowing reduced their abundance. Tibicen nymphs were collected almost exclusively from unburned plots. Treatment effects on herbivorous beetle larvae (Scarabaeidae, Elateridae, and Curculionidae) were variable, but nutrient additions (N or P) usually resulted in greater densities, whereas mowing usually resulted in lower densities. Our results suggest that departures from historical disturbance regimes (i.e. frequent fire and grazing) may render soils more susceptible to increased numbers of European earthworms, and that interactions between fire, aboveground biomass removal, and vegetation responses affect the structure and composition of invertebrate communities in tallgrass prairie soils. 相似文献
16.
Thomas Larsen Jesper Luxhøi Jakob Magid Lars Stoumann Jensen Paul Henning Krogh 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2007,44(1):59-68
We have studied the effect of anaerobically digested (ADMSW) and composted municipal solid waste (CMSW) on mineralization
and foodweb dynamics to verify the hypothesis that ADMSW would immobilize N right after addition to soil in contrast to addition
with CMSW. Another hypothesis was that the mesofauna (enchytraeids and microarthropods) would stimulate N release from the
decomposer community. We measured excretion of -N and urea-N from the mesofauna and hypothesized that enchytraeids would release urea. ADMSW and CMSW were amended to pots
with sandy loam and barley. The pots were divided into treatments with or without mesofauna. Mesofauna, plant N and biomass,
soil N and ergosterol (fungal biomass) were measured over a 113-day period of four equidistant samplings. Soil respiration,
N mineralization and N release by the mesofauna were modelled from concurrent studies. ADMSW- and CMSW-treated soils initially
(<20 days) immobilized N. The amendments did not increase plant growth substantially, and this was probably due to N-limitation
in the early stages of plant growth. Enchytraeid abundance was about three times higher in ADMSW- than CMSW-treated soils,
indicating that ADMSW contained more labile compounds, bacteria, and microfauna. The mesofauna did not affect N-content, but
the cumulated -N excreted by the mesofauna was estimated to be substantial and about one-fifth of total plant N in ADMSW. An explanation
for this discrepancy might be that in the absence of the mesofauna, other members of the detrivore and microbivore community
performed the mesofauna’s function. Neither enchytraeids nor microarthropods excreted urea. 相似文献
17.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(7)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
18.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(6)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
19.
Grete Skrede Berit Karoline Martinsen Anne-Berit Wold Stein-Erik Birkeland Kjersti Aaby 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(3):193-208
Abstract A 3-year study was carried out to investigate quality parameters in 14 tree fruit and berry species grown in southern Norway. The species were blueberry, apple, aronia, sour cherry, sweet cherry, red raspberry, strawberry, blackcurrant, gooseberry, red currant and elderberry, harvested along with wild bilberry, cloudberry and lingonberry. Significant differences between species were identified for all quality parameters. The coefficient of variation between species was lowest for pH (12.5%), dry matter (18.9%) and soluble solids (25.3%), followed by titratable acids (59.3%), total phenolics (83.8%), antioxidant capacity FRAP (85.7%) and antiradical power by the DPPH-assay (97.8%), total monomeric anthocyanins (132%) and ascorbic acid (137%). Average coefficient of variation within species were lower and ranged from 4 (pH) to 62% (ascorbic acid). Only the FRAP values were significantly affected by harvesting year with lower levels in 2004 than in 2005 and 2006. There were significant interactions between species and harvesting year for dry matter, soluble solids, pH, ascorbic acid and FRAP. The results indicate generic ranges in composition within species independent upon growing location and climate, and the composition of the tree fruits and berries is not likely to deviate from these ranges. It is concluded that desirable composition of tree fruits and berries and their products should primarily be achieved by selection among species rather than searching fors broadened variation within individual species. 相似文献
20.
《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(7):865-877
Potassium (K) fixation and release in soil are important factors in the long-term sustainability of a cropping system. Changes in K concentration and characteristics of K fixation and release in rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere soils in the rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)–rice (Oryza sativa L.) rotation were investigated using a rhizobox system. The concentrations of different forms of K in both rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere soils decreased with plants compared to without plants, regardless of K fertilizer application. Potassium uptake by crops mainly came from the rhizosphere soil. In the treatment without K fertilizer (–K), the main form of K supplied by the soil to the crops was 1.0 mol L?1 nitric acid (HNO3) nonextractable K, followed by nonexchangeable K, and then exchangeable K. In the treatment with K fertilizer (+K), the main K forms supplied by the soil to the crops were exchangeable K and nonexchangeable K. The amount and rate of K fixation after one cycle of the rapeseed–rice rotation was greater in rhizosphere soil than in nonrhizosphere soil. The amount and rate of K fixation of soil in the +K treatment were significantly less than in the –K treatment. The cumulative amounts of K released with 1.0 mol L?1 ammonium acetate (NH4OAc) and 1.0 mol L?1 HNO3 extraction increased with the increasing numbers of extractions, but the K-releasing power of soil by successive extraction decreased gradually and finally became almost constant. The release of K was less in rhizosphere soil than in nonrhizosphere soil. The release of K in the +K treatment was similar to that in the –K treatment in rhizosphere soil, but the K release in nonrhizosphere soil was greater with the +K than the –K treatment. Overall, the information obtained in this study will be helpful in formulating more precise K fertilizer recommendations for certain soils. 相似文献