共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 515 毫秒
1.
2.
Dry white Chinese noodle (DWCN) is widely consumed in China, and genetic improvement of DWCN quality has become a major objective
for Chinese wheat breeding programs. One hundred and four bread wheat cultivars and advanced lines, including 88from major
Chinese wheat-producing areas, were sown in two locations for two years. Their DWCN quality, as evaluated by trained panelists,
was studied to determine the relationship between wheat quality parameters and DWCN quality attributes. In general, the cultivars
and advanced lines used in this study are characterized with acceptable protein content, but accompanied with weak-medium
gluten strength and poor extensibility, and substantial variation is observed for all grain and DWCN quality characters. On
average, Australia and USA wheat performed better DWCN quality than Chinese wheats. Simple correlation analysis indicated
that both grain hardness and Farinograph water absorption were negatively associated with cooked DWCN color, appearance, smoothness,
and taste. Flour whiteness and RVA peak viscosity was positively associated with all DWCN parameters, and their correlation
coefficients (r) with DWCN score are 0.34 and 0.41, respectively. Their positive contributions to DWCN quality were mostly
through improved color, appearance, smoothness, and taste. Farinograph mixing tolerance index (MTI) and softening were negatively
associated with all DWCN quality parameters, and their correlation coefficients with DWCN score are –0.50 and–0.54, respectively.
Further analysis indicated that association between protein content, Zeleny sedimentation value, Farinograph stability, and
Extensograph extensibility, and DWCN score fit quadratic regression model significantly, with R2 0.12, 0.32, 0.22, and 0.20, respectively. The associations between Zeleny sedimentation value and DWCN's appearance and taste
also fit quadratic regression model significantly. This suggests that to certain extent, increased protein content and gluten
quality contribute positively to DWCN quality, mostly by improving palatability, elasticity, and stickiness. High flour whiteness,
medium protein content, medium to strong gluten strength and good extensibility, and high starch peak viscosity are desirable
for DWCN quality. Genetic improvement for flour whiteness, protein quality and starch paste viscosity would increase the DWCN
quality of Chinese bread wheat cultivars.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
3.
北方冬麦区新育成优质品种的面包和馒头品质性状 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本研究旨在了解近年北方冬麦区育成优质小麦品种的品质状况, 为优质小麦新品种选育和推广提供重要信息。2013—2014和2014—2015年度将52份国内及6份国外代表性优质品种种植于河北高邑和山东济宁, 测定粉质仪和拉伸仪参数及面包和馒头品质性状, 并分析蛋白质组分含量对面团流变学特性及面包和馒头成品品质的影响。结果表明, 大部分参试品种的粉质仪稳定时间在7 min以上, 品种间面筋强度、面包和馒头成品品质均存在显著差异。CA0493、师栾02-1、12品404、新麦26和Karl 5个品种面包品质好, 其中师栾02-1和Karl的馒头品质也较好, 可以作为兼用型品种在品质育种中应用。拉伸仪品质特性是反映强筋品种面包品质的重要指标, 建议在进行面包品质改良时, 重视拉伸特性。不溶性谷蛋白聚合体含量与面筋强度和面包品质呈显著正相关, 可作为品质育种的选种指标。 相似文献
4.
Variation in quality traits in common wheat as related to Chinese fresh white noodle quality 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
The variation in grain compositional traits related to Chinese fresh white noodle (CFWN) quality was examined in 25 leading Chinese common wheat cultivars and advanced lines. Large variations were observed in flour yield, flour particle size, protein and ash contents, farinograph and rapid visco-analyzer (RVA) parameters, flour colour components, and polyphenol oxydase (PPO) activity. An improved sensory method was proposed for adequately evaluating CFWN quality of common wheat flour based on methodology used in the Japanese quality scoring system for white salted noodles, but with major modifications in the score weight given to each noodle quality parameter. Large differences in CFWN quality were observed among Chinese wheat cultivars. The correlation coefficients (r) between starch paste breakdown (RVA) and noodle viscoelasticity and smoothness were 0.63 and 0.59, respectively, suggesting that in breeding wheat for high CFWN quality, the starch pasting properties are of major importance. Low ash content was significantly correlated (r = – 0.66) with bright white noodle colour. 相似文献
5.
Suitability of Chinese wheat cultivars for production of northern style Chinese steamed bread 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
Fifty-six bread wheat cultivars and advanced lines from major Chinese wheat growing regions and 10 Australian cultivars were
grown in Anyang located in Yellow and Huai Valleys and Chengdu located in Yangtze region. The genotypes were examined for
their suitability to produce northern style Chinese steamed bread (CSB) and used to investigate the association between wheat
quality traits and performance of northern style CSB under manual and mechanized processing conditions. Anyang-sown wheat
samples showed better grain quality characteristics and CSB quality than the Chengdu-sown materials. These differences were
largely due to adverse climatic conditions prevailing in Chengdu that resulted in the deterioration of flour whiteness, Farinograph
stability, and starch quality. Therefore, Chengdu was generally unfavorable for producing good quality wheat. However, significant
variability among cultivars was observed in Chengdu, and Batavia, Dollar bird, and Tasman from Australia and Jing 411, Xiaoyan6,
and Shaan 229 from China showed very good CSB quality under manual conditions, and Hartog, Batavia, Tasman, and Vulcan from
Australia, and Jing 411 and Dongfeng 1from China were identified to confer good CSB quality under mechanized conditions. The
wide range of CSB quality variations indicates that genetic improvement of CSB quality is possible in both environments. Protein
content, gluten strength, and extensibility were positively associated with loaf volume and steamed bread elasticity. The
relationship between gluten strength, extensibility, and appearance and stickiness were highly dependent on processing methods,
i.e., negatively using a manual method and positively or slightly negatively using a mechanized process. Therefore, wheat
quality requirement for CSB depends on CSB processing conditions. Medium protein content and medium-to-strong gluten strength
with good extensibility is desirable for mechanized methods, but weak-to-medium gluten type for manual methods. High flour
whiteness and RVA peak viscosity was found desirable for CSB quality regardless of the processing method used. Flour whiteness,
falling number, and peak viscosity appeared to be more crucial in determining CSB quality in Chengdu, although protein content
and Farinograph stability also contributed to appearance, elasticity, and stickiness.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
6.
四川小麦主栽品种的品质性状表现及其稳定性 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
2006—2008连续3年,在5个生态点考察了7个四川省代表性小麦品种在两种氮水平下的品质状况及其稳定性,以期为四川小麦品质定位、品质改良和生产指导提供依据。结果表明,3年均值,籽粒容重777 g L-1,籽粒蛋白质含量12.3%,湿面筋含量25.1%,Zeleny沉降值32.9 mL,降落值326 s,面粉吸水率56.5%,面团形成时间3.0 min、稳定时间4.5 min,面条评分78.5分、面包评分62.2分。几乎所有品质性状均存在显著的基因型、环境及其互作效应。籽粒容重、沉降值、降落值、面粉吸水率和面条评分的年份效应大于地点效应,而籽粒蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、面团形成时间、稳定时间和面包评分则地点效应大于年份效应。增施氮肥对籽粒蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、沉降值、面团形成时间、稳定时间和面包评分都有显著的增效作用,但对降落值、面粉吸水率和面条评分无明显影响。品种品质的稳定性因品质性状不同而异,川麦39面包评分高而稳定,川麦37面条总评分高而稳定,二者可被用于四川小麦品质改良。 相似文献
7.
北方冬麦区新育成优质小麦品种面条品质相关性状分析 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
为了解近年北方冬麦区育成优质小麦品种的品质状况,两年两点统一种植52份优质品种(系)及6份国外代表性品种,测定其磨粉品质、和面仪和混合实验仪特性、淀粉糊化特性及面条品质,并利用5个基因特异性标记分析基因型分布及其对品质性状的影响。结果表明,大部分品种为硬质、中强筋类型,品种间出粉率、面粉a*值、b*值、黄色素含量、PPO活性、和面仪参数、混合实验仪形成时间和稳定时间差异较大。和面仪8 min带宽和混合实验仪稳定时间可作为预测面条品质的重要指标,可分别解释面条总分变异33.3%和34.4%。Ppo-A1a和Ppo-A1b频率为41.4%和58.6%,两种基因型间PPO活性差异显著(P<0.05);Ppo-D1a和Ppo-D1b频率为51.7%和48.3%,但PPO活性差异不显著;Psy-A1a和Psy-A1b频率为81.0%和19.0%,两种基因型间黄色素含量差异显著(P<0.05);1BL/1RS易位和非易位品种频率为13.8%和86.2%,两种基因型间面粉L*值、黄色素含量、和面仪衰落势与8 min带宽、混合实验仪稳定时间等差异显著(P<0.05)。面条品质较好的品种包括Sunzell、石优17、郑麦366、中麦 895、周麦 26、CA1004和石4185。本研究明确了58份小麦品种(系)的品质特征和基因型分布,为优质小麦新品种选育和推广提供了重要信息。 相似文献
8.
Mixolab参数与粉质、拉伸参数及面包烘烤品质的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据仪器测定的面粉品质特性预测面包烘烤品质是进行小麦品质改良的重要方法。法国肖邦公司(Chopin Technologies, France)最新推出的Mixolab分析仪可以同时测定面粉加水后恒温揉混及面团升温后蛋白质弱化和淀粉糊化特性,明确其与现有相似仪器如粉质仪和拉伸仪等的关系对小麦品质测试具有重要意义。利用 Mixolab分析仪、粉质仪、拉伸仪测定了41份高代育种品系的有关参数和面包烘烤品质,并分析了Mixolab与粉质仪和拉伸仪相关参数的关系及预测面包品质的可靠性。结果表明,可以用Mixolab的形成时间、稳定时间、面团受热后蛋白质弱化值(C2值)和到达淀粉糊化反弹值的时间(C4时间)来预测粉质仪和拉伸仪的品质参数,可解释其变异的74%~90%;可以直接用C2值预测面包体积、外观、结构和总分,决定系数分别为52%、73%、70%和68%;预测面包质地和弹性的参数不仅包含Mixolab稳定时间和C2值,还有表示淀粉糊化特性的C3时间、C4和C5值及C5温度。用Mixolab分析仪既可以了解蛋白质特性和面包烘烤品质的关系,又明确了淀粉品质对面包品质的显著影响,在品质测试中有其独特之处。Mixolab、粉质仪和拉伸仪各参数对预测小麦面包体积、内部质地结构等烘烤品质性状的贡献不同。 相似文献
9.
10.
采用河南省麦区44个主推品种,对河南麦区适宜制作馒头小麦品种的主要品质指标进行了分析。结果表明:河南冬麦区适宜优质馒头的小麦主要品质指标是:面粉蛋白含量11%~12%,湿面筋30%~35.9%,沉淀值23.3~40.3 m L,峰值黏度2200~3700 cp,低谷粘度1400~2400 cp,吸水率57.2%~60.8%,稳定时间2~9.5 min,硬度、直链淀粉和膨胀势中等偏低,面筋指数中等偏高,面粉白度、亮度越高,灰分和PPO活性越低越好。 相似文献
11.
基因型、地点及其互作对内蒙古小麦主要品质性状的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
选用来自我国春播麦区高、中、低3种筋力类型的9个品种, 于2003和2004年分别种植在内蒙古6个代表性地点, 研究了不同品种在年份和地点间籽粒硬度、蛋白质含量、和面仪参数和淀粉糊化特性等主要品质性状的变化规律。结果表明, 所测品质性状受基因型和地点效应的影响均达极显著水平, 除籽粒蛋白质含量外, 其他品质性状受基因型和地点互作效应的影响达显著或极显著水平。强筋类品种的蛋白质含量、灰分含量、沉降值、和面时间、耐揉性和峰值黏度均较高, 出粉率和稀澥值中等。中筋类品种出粉率、和面时间和耐揉性较高, 灰分含量、峰值黏度和稀澥值较低。弱筋类品种的灰分含量、峰值黏度和稀澥值较高, 籽粒硬度、蛋白质含量、出粉率、沉降值、和面时间、耐揉性低。所有品种品质性状在地点间存在较大差异, 乌海市灰分含量、和面时间和耐揉性高, 籽粒硬度、沉降值、峰值黏度和稀澥值较低。杭锦后旗出粉率高, 蛋白含量和沉降值较低, 其他性状表现中等。呼和浩特市籽粒硬度、蛋白含量、面粉灰分、沉降值、和面时间和耐揉性高, 出粉率、峰值黏度和稀澥值低。赤峰市多数性状表现中等。通辽市籽粒硬度、蛋白质含量、峰值黏度、稀澥值和耐揉性较高, 其他性状表现中等。额尔古纳市蛋白含量和沉降值较高, 和面时间和耐揉性低。初步认为强筋和中筋类品种较适于种植在呼和浩特市与乌海市, 不适于种植在额尔古纳市; 2个弱筋类品种在6个地点均不太适宜种植。 相似文献
12.
13.
研究了不同比例的糯小麦粉添加到一定量非糯小麦粉后对淀粉粘度仪参数和面条品质的影响。结果表明,添加糯小麦粉后,以直链淀粉含量与直/支比变化为主,而蛋白质、湿面筋、支链淀粉等成分含量与沉降值等变化较小。高峰粘度、低谷粘度、最后粘度、反弹值、糊化温度、峰值时间等粘度仪参数与蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、沉降值、直链淀粉含量、直/支比等品质性状呈显著或极显著正相关,与支链淀粉含量呈极显著负相关,但这些品质性状都与稀懈值、搅拌值无显著相关。此外,还建立了面条品质预测的线性回归方程： 。 相似文献
14.
H. Fufa P. Stephen Baenziger B. S. Beecher R. A. Graybosch K. M. Eskridge L. A. Nelson 《Euphytica》2005,144(1-2):187-198
Evaluation of wheat cultivars from different eras allows breeders to determine changes in agronomic and end-use quality characteristics
associated with grain yield and end-use quality improvement over time. The objective of this research was to examine the trends
in agronomic and end-use quality characteristics of hard red winter wheat cultivars grown in Nebraska. Thirty historically
important and popular hard red winter wheat cultivars introduced or released between 1874 and 2000 were evaluated at Lincoln,
Mead and North Platte, Nebraska in 2002 and 2003. An alpha lattice design with 15 incomplete blocks of two plots and three
replications was used at all locations. Agronomic (days to flowering, plant height, spike length, culm length, grain yield
and yield components, and grain volume weight) and end-use quality (flour yield, SDS-sedimentation value, flour protein content,
and mixograph time and tolerance) traits were measured in each environment. Highly significant differences were observed among
environments, genotypes and their interactions for most agronomic and end-use quality characteristics. Unlike modern cultivars,
older cultivars were low yielding, and less responsive to favorable environments for grain yield and yield components. Semidwarf
cultivars were more stable for plant height than traditional medium to tall cultivars. All cultivars had high grain volume
weight since it is part of the grading system and highly selected for in cultivar release. Modern cultivars were less stable
than older cultivars for SDS-sedimentation and mixing tolerance. However, the stability of older cultivars was attributed
to their having weak mixing tolerance and reduced SDS-sedimentation values. The reduced protein content of modern cultivars
was offset by increased functionality, as measured by mixograph and SDS sedimentation. In conclusion, breeders have tailored
agronomic and end-use quality traits essential for hard red winter wheat production and marketing in Nebraska. 相似文献
15.
播期对小麦面粉粉质参数及糊化特性的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
于2002—2003年度采用4个不同基因型小麦品种豫麦18号、豫麦49号、百泉41和郑引1号,研究了播期对面粉粉质参数及淀粉糊化特性的影响。结果表明,小麦基因型和播期对品质性状均有一定的影响,但基因型效应明显大于播期效应。面粉弱化度、糊化温度及糊化时间随播期推迟呈现递增趋势,而湿面筋含量、峰值粘度和反弹值随播期的推迟呈递减趋势;播期对某些品质性状的影响因基因型不同而存在差异,这与其适宜播期不同有关。在试验条件下品质性状间的相关分析结果表明,淀粉峰值粘度、低谷粘度、最终粘度和膨胀势间的相关性达到显著或极显著水平。 相似文献
16.
小麦Glu-1位点变异和1B/1R易位对谷蛋白亚基表达量和面包加工品质的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
选用北方冬麦区近年来育成的优质强筋品种及山东省主栽品种共42份, 采用反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)和凝胶色谱法(SE-HPLC)对小麦贮藏蛋白组分进行量化, 分析了不同高分子量谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)组成对其表达量、面团流变学特性和面包加工品质的影响。结果表明, Glu-D1位点对谷蛋白亚基含量和加工品质的加性效应最大, 达5%显著水平, 贡献率为28.5%~71.3%。在Glu-A1和Glu-D1位点, 单个亚基对谷蛋白亚基含量和加工品质的贡献分别为1>2*>N和5+10>2+12>4+12, 而在Glu-B1位点, 则表现为差异不显著。不同亚基组合的HMW–GS表达量差异达5%显著水平, 相同亚基组合的品种间贮藏蛋白组分表达量的变异较大, 亚基表达量的差异可能是导致品种间品质差异的重要原因。1B/1R易位显著降低LMW-GS、谷蛋白总量和%UPP, 导致加工品质变劣。选择具有优质亚基组合, 且谷蛋白亚基表达量高的类型, 是有效改良面筋强度, 进一步提高优质新品种选育的有效途径。 相似文献
17.
Development of two multiplex PCR assays targeting improvement of bread-making and noodle qualities in common wheat 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
X. K. Zhang L. Liu Z. H. He D. J. Sun X. Y. He Z. H. Xu P. P. Zhang F. Chen X. C. Xia 《Plant Breeding》2008,127(2):109-115
Wheat quality properties are genetically determined by the compositions of high and low molecular weight glutenin subunits, grain hardness, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity and starch viscosity. Two multiplex PCR assays were developed and validated using 70 cultivars and advanced lines from Chinese autumn‐sown wheat regions. Multiplex PCR I includes molecular markers for genes/loci ω‐secalin, Glu‐B1‐2a (By8), Glu‐D1‐1d (Dx5), Glu‐A3d, Glu‐B3 (for non‐1B·1R type) and Pinb‐D1b targeting improved gluten parameters and pan bread quality. Multiplex PCR II comprises markers for genes/loci Ppo‐A1, Ppo‐D1 and Wx‐B1b targeting improved noodle quality. The results were consistent with those achieved by SDS‐PAGE and RP‐HPLC, indicating that the two multiplex assays were highly effective, with good repeatability and low costs enabling their use in wheat breeding programmes. In total, nine alleles (subunits) at locus Glu‐B1, four at Glu‐D1 and five at Glu‐A3 locus were identified, and the alleles (subunits) Glu‐B1b (7 + 8), Glu‐B1c (7 + 9), Glu‐D1a (2 + 12), Glu‐D1d (5 + 10), Glu‐A3a, Glu‐A3c and Glu‐A3d were most frequently present in the cultivars and lines tested. The 1B·1R translocation was present in 28 (40.0%) lines, whereas the Wx‐B1 null allele for better noodle quality was present in only seven (10.0%) cultivars and advanced lines, and 37 (52.9%) lines had Pinb‐D1b associated with hard grains. The allele Ppo‐A1b on chromosome 2AL associated with lower PPO activity was present in 38 (54.3%) genotypes, whereas the less effective allele Ppo‐D1a on chromosome 2DL, also associated with low PPO activity was present in 45 (64.3%) of genotypes. These two multiplex PCR assays should be effective in marker assisted selection targeting improved pan bread‐making and noodle qualities. 相似文献
18.
中国鲜面条耐煮特性及评价指标 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以我国北部和黄淮冬麦区的46份主栽小麦品种和育成品系为材料, 分析了品质性状与煮熟面条冲洗水中总有机物含量(TOM)、干物质蒸煮损失率、面条吸水性和黏性等面条耐煮性指标的关系。结果表明, 小麦品种的磨粉品质、面团流变学特性、淀粉品质及TOM值、蒸煮损失率和黏性等面条耐煮性指标存在较大变异。拉伸面积和最大抗延阻力与TOM值呈显著负相关, 相关系数分别为-0.66 (P<0.01)和-0.56 (P <0.01); 稳定时间、拉伸面积和最大抗延阻力与面条煮6 min和10 min后鲜重的相关系数为-0.55~ -0.63 (P <0.01), 耐揉指数与二者的相关系数分别为0.67 (P<0.01)和0.69 (P<0.01); 糊化温度与面条煮10 min后鲜重呈极显著正相关(r = 0.60, P<0.01), 说明提高小麦面粉的蛋白质含量、面筋强度可以显著改善面条耐煮特性, 蛋白质特性是影响面条耐煮性的主要品质因子, 淀粉糊化参数对面条耐煮性也有一定影响。TOM值与面条煮6 min和10 min后鲜重呈显著正相关, 相关系数分别为0.66 (P<0.01)和0.69 (P<0.01); 面条煮6 min与煮10 min后鲜重也呈高度正相关(r = 0.86, P<0.01)。建议将10 g鲜面条煮10 min后的鲜重≤21.0 g作为优质鲜面条耐煮性的主要评价指标。 相似文献
19.
Post-anthesis temperature affects wheat flour quality, dough properties and end-use quality. In order to investigate the changes in high molecular weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS) expression caused by elevated temperature and its influences on the texture properties of Chinese noodles, three temperature-induced (<35 °C) treatments were applied to two cultivars with different gluten strengths. The cultivars were grown outside in 0.75 m2 containers on the farm of Shandong Agricultural University in 2003–2004. Three post-anthesis temperature treatments, at 15 days after anthesis (DAA), 20 and 25 DAA, respectively, were applied during the grain-filling period by moving the containers from outside into a greenhouse at three replicates per treatment. At maturity, the HMW-GS was extracted. The results indicated that the HMW-GS expression from the wheat with stronger gluten strength appeared to be more tolerant under the different treatments than did that from the weaker dough strength wheat. The same HMW-GS (5 + 10) from different cultivars showed different effects on noodle quality. Moderately high temperature treatments benefited wet noodle texture quality and noodle scores at a different degree. All HMW-GS expression in wheat with the weaker strength appeared to be negatively correlated with wet noodle firmness (WNF) and wet noodle cutting force (WNCF). Some correlation coefficients showed significance. However, HMW-GS expression at Glu-B1 and individual Glu-B1x 14 expression from the strong wheat demonstrated significantly positive correlations with WNF and WNCF. Individual HMW-GS expression of the Glu-B1 and Glu-B1 location and the X-type subunits showed significantly positive correlations with the noodle score. The same HMW-GS at Glu-D1 from varieties with different gluten strength had different contributions to noodle quality. 相似文献
20.
Relationship between Quality, Colour of Glume and Gliadin Electrophoregrams in Durum Wheat 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Gliadin electrophoregrams, protein content and SDS-sedimentation values from the modified SDS-sedimentation test were obtained from six Greek cultivars of Triticum durum and 98 biotypes (78 with white glumes, 20 with red glumes). Our results provide wheat breeders with the tool TO predict the cooking quality of durum wheat from early generation breeding lines, since we were able to correlate the colour of the glume with the presence or absence of gliadin bands 42/45. All red glume biotypes lacked gliadin band 45 and possessed gliadin band 42. Furthermore, their SDS sedimentation values were around 27 (weak gluten), indicating poor cooking quality. Yet, the electrophoregrams of the gliadin proteins allowed an identification of the wheat cultivars examined, since for each cultivars the pattern was different. No correlation was found between the colour of the glume and the amount of total gram protein. 相似文献