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奶牛乳腺生物反应器及其产业化前景 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
奶牛乳腺生物反应器拥有巨大的开发价值，利用转基因奶牛的乳腺不但可以生产安全有效的药用蛋白，还可以改变奶的内源性蛋白。本文探讨了奶牛乳腺生物反应器的发展简史、产业化现状、应用、优势，并指出了存在的主要问题，展望了其产业化前景。 相似文献
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利用转基因动物反应器生产有重要药用价值的生物活性蛋白，是生物技术领域的一次革命，而通过动物乳腺生物反应器生产药用蛋白则是最好的渠道，它具有活性高，产量高，成本低，易提纯，安全性好等特点。本文主要介绍动物乳腺生物反应器的研究概况，特别是利用动物乳腺生物反应器生产人药用蛋白和营养保健蛋白的产业化进程。 相似文献
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乳腺生物反应器是一种新型的利用转基因动物生产药用蛋白的方式,开创了基因工程制药的新途径,具有极高的研究价值和广阔的市场前景。本文主要从乳腺生物反应器的概念、原理、特点、主要的转基因技术及问题等方面进行综述,以期为乳腺生物反应器的相关研究提供参考。 相似文献
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动物乳腺反应器构建技术的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用转基因动物乳腺反应器生产蛋白质是近年来研究的热点 ,可从动物乳汁中源源不断地获得具有稳定生物活性的基因产品 ,是一种全新的蛋白质生产模式 ,能够生产出具有完全生物活性的药用蛋白。本文介绍了乳腺生物反应器的基本原理 ,分析了乳腺生物反应器构建及存在的问题 ,并对其未来的发展和应用前景进行综述 相似文献
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利用转基因动物乳腺反应器生产蛋白质是近年来研究的热点，可从动物乳汁中源源不断地获得具有稳定生物活性的基因产品，是一种全新的蛋白质生产模式，能够生产出具有完全生物活性的药用蛋白。本文介绍了乳腺生物反应器的基本原理，分析了乳腺生物反应器构建及存在的问题，并对其未来的发展和应用前景进行综述。 相似文献
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动物乳腺生物反应器在现代生物制药中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的基因在乳腺中表达的转基因动物称为动物乳腺生物反应器(mammary gland bioreaetor),又称为动物个体乳腺表达系统.动物乳腺生物反应器出现于20世纪90年代初,它是一项利用转基因动物的乳房代替生物发酵,大规模生产供人类疾病治疗和保健用的生物活性物质或药用珍稀蛋白的现代生物技术,其核心内容是利用乳蛋白基因的乳腺特异性调控成分驱动外源基因在动物乳腺中高效表达,以期通过源源不断地回收乳汁来提取大量有重要药用价值的生物活性外源蛋白.因此,动物乳腺生物反应器在现代生物制药领域中具有广阔的开发前景. 相似文献
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Somatic cell cloning technology in mammals promotes the multiplication of productively-valuable genetically engineered individuals, and consequently allows also for standardization of transgenic farm animal-derived products, which, in the context of market requirements, will have growing significance. Gene farming is one of the most promising areas in modern biotechnology. The use of live bioreactors for the expression of human genes in the lactating mammary gland of transgenic animals seems to be the most cost-effective method for the production/processing of valuable recombinant therapeutic proteins. Among the transgenic farm livestock species used so far, cattle, goats, sheep, pigs and rabbits are useful candidates for the expression of tens to hundreds of grams of genetically-engineered proteins or xenogeneic biopreparations in the milk. At the beginning of the new millennium, a revolution in the treatment of disease is taking shape due to the emergence of new therapies based on recombinant human proteins. The ever-growing demand for such pharmaceutical or nutriceutical proteins is an important driving force for the development of safe and large-scale production platforms. The aim of this paper is to present an overall survey of the state of the art in investigations which provide the current knowledge for deciphering the possibilities of practical application of the transgenic mammalian species generated by somatic cell cloning in biomedicine, the biopharmaceutical industry, human nutrition/dietetics and agriculture. 相似文献
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乳蛋白基因在转基因动物乳腺细胞中特异性表达的研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
乳蛋白是乳的主要营养成分，乳蛋白的种类及其在乳中的浓度都影响乳的品质，而乳中各乳蛋白的含量都受到相应乳蛋白基因的控制。通过转基因技术，可以在转基因动物乳腺细胞中特异性地表达目的蛋白，从而改善乳的品质以及生产具有特殊药用价值的乳产品。本文主要概述乳蛋白多态性及其作用，乳蛋白基因及多态性，并着重介绍乳蛋白基因在转基因动物体内的表达调控；通过介绍大量转基因试验的研究成果，以探寻改变乳成分的分子遗传基础。 相似文献
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激素调节所需的特异调节区域已经被证实,具有多绑定位点并可结合几个转录因子的复合应答元件已经得到确定。乳腺特异的基因表达的调节需要多个因子问相互作用的合作,由催乳素调节的信号转导通路引发了转录因子与调节元件的绑定和相互作用及乳蛋白基因的表达。β-酪蛋白和乳清酸蛋白mRNA的基因内5’序列和3’非翻译区分别对于基因的有效表达起到至关重要的作用。近年来,科学工作者们设计了许多种载体,可在乳腺中表达外源基因。这项技术可用于操纵转基因家畜的乳汁成分,利用乳腺作为生物反应器应用于生物制药学中。 相似文献
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人溶菌酶cDNA的克隆及其在小鼠体内的表达 总被引：20，自引：2，他引：18
根据已发表的人溶菌酶 (human lysozyme,h L YZ) m RNA序列设计引物 ,以人乳腺第 1链 c DNA为模板 ,用 PCR扩增出 1.5 kb h L YZ双链 c DNA,其推导的氨基酸序列与国外发表的从胎盘、巨噬细胞和结肠中克隆的 h L YZ氨基酸序列同源性为 10 0 % ,与从人组织细胞中克隆的 h L YZ仅有 1个氨基酸差异 ,但与从中国人胎盘中克隆的 h L YZ具有6个氨基酸差异。将此 c DNA克隆入乳腺特异表达载体 ,用所获得的基因构件注射哺乳期小鼠 ,经 RT- PCR和微球菌溶解试验证明 ,上述基因构件能有效地驱动目的基因在小鼠乳腺中表达 ,表达量为 6 9.3mg/ L,表达具有较好的组织特异性。这些试验结果表明 ,本研究构建的表达 h L YZ c DNA的基因构件可以用于乳腺生物反应器的研制。 相似文献
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乳蛋白中含有大量人体所需的必需氨基酸,其组成平衡、含量丰富,是一种具有极高营养价值的蛋白质,而乳中 90%以上的蛋白质是乳腺利用氨基酸从头合成的,因此氨基酸对奶牛乳蛋白合成发挥着重要的作用。此外,氨基酸不仅是合成乳蛋白不可或缺的前体物质,而且还是重要的信号调控因子,通过哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白（mTOR） 信号通路调控乳蛋白的合成。基于此,作者就影响奶牛乳腺氨基酸供应、摄取、利用的因素及氨基酸的信号传导作用的研究进展进行综述,以期为提高乳蛋白的合成提供一定的理论基础。 相似文献
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LI Ying XIANG Ai-li ZHENG Bai-qin ZHOU Xiao-qiao QIAO Jia-yun LIU Jing-xi WANG Wen-jie 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(7):1774-1779
Milk proteins have great nutritional value,rich contain and balanced profile of amino acid,which provide nearly all the essential amino acids for the human body.However more than 90% of milk proteins are synthesed by the amino acids in the mammary gland.Furthermore,the amino acid is not only funcion as the substrates of milk protein synthesis,but also as the signaling molecules to regulate milk protein sysnthesis through mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathways.It is essential to further study milk protein synthesis regulated by amino acids in the mammary gland and the molecular mechanism in dairy cows.The paper reviewed the supply of amino acids,metabolism of amino acids by mammary gland,factors affecting amino acid utilization and signal pathway for amino acid regulation in milk protein synthesis. 相似文献
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Houdebine LM 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2009,32(2):107-121
Proteins started being used as pharmaceuticals in the 1920s with insulin extracted from pig pancreas. In the early 1980s, human insulin was prepared in recombinant bacteria and it is now used by all patients suffering from diabetes. Several other proteins and particularly human growth hormone are also prepared from bacteria. This success was limited by the fact that bacteria cannot synthesize complex proteins such as monoclonal antibodies or coagulation blood factors which must be matured by post-translational modifications to be active or stable in vivo. These modifications include mainly folding, cleavage, subunit association, gamma-carboxylation and glycosylation. They can be fully achieved only in mammalian cells which can be cultured in fermentors at an industrial scale or used in living animals. Several transgenic animal species can produce recombinant proteins but presently two systems started being implemented. The first is milk from farm transgenic mammals which has been studied for 20 years and which allowed a protein, human antithrombin III, to receive the agreement from EMEA (European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products) to be put on the market in 2006. The second system is chicken egg white which recently became more attractive after essential improvement of the methods used to generate transgenic birds. Two monoclonal antibodies and human interferon-beta 1a could be recovered from chicken egg white. A broad variety of recombinant proteins were produced experimentally by these systems and a few others. This includes monoclonal antibodies, vaccines, blood factors, hormones, growth factors, cytokines, enzymes, milk proteins, collagen, fibrinogen and others. Although these tools have not yet been optimized and are still being improved, a new era in the production of recombinant pharmaceutical proteins was initiated in 1987 and became a reality in 2006. In the present review, the efficiency of the different animal systems to produce pharmaceutical proteins are described and compared to others including plants and micro-organisms. 相似文献
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Dragin S Pivko J Massanyi P Lukac N Makarevich AV Paleyanda RK Chrenek P 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2006,35(6):351-356
The mammary gland of transgenic animals has been used for the production of recombinant proteins of therapeutic and nutraceutical use. The objective of this study was to compare the ultrastructure of transgenic and non-transgenic rabbit mammary gland tissue. New Zealand White transgenic rabbits were obtained by breeding non-transgenic rabbits with transgenic founder rabbits containing a whey acidic protein-human factor VIII (WAP-hFVIII) transgene integrated into their genome. Samples of mammary gland tissue from lactating rabbit females were isolated by surgical procedures. These samples were examined by optical and electron microscopy and photographs were taken. Measurements of ultrastructural organelles were made from digital images of the mammary cells. No differences were found in the cellular structure of mammary tissue, but significant differences t((0.001)) in the relative volume of mitochondria and vacuoles between transgenic and non-transgenic mammary gland epithelium were observed. 相似文献
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A Shamay S Solinas V G Pursel R A McKnight L Alexander C Beattie L Hennighausen R J Wall 《Journal of animal science》1991,69(11):4552-4562
The mouse whey acidic protein (WAP) gene was introduced into the genome of pigs and its expression was analyzed in the mammary gland. Mouse WAP was detected in milk of lactating females from five lines at levels between .5 and 1.5 g/liter, thereby representing as much as 2% of the total milk proteins. The corresponding mRNA was expressed in mammary tissue at levels similar to those of pig beta-lactoglobulin and beta-casein. The pattern of WAP secretion in three pigs over a period of 6 wk was quantitatively similar to that of pig beta-lactoglobulin. From the eight transgenic pigs analyzed, three successfully completed one lactational period, but five pigs stopped lactating a few days after parturition. Our results show that it is possible to produce large quantities of a foreign protein in milk of pigs over a full lactational period. However, expression of WAP can compromise the mammary gland and render it nonfunctional. 相似文献