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大豆种子不仅富含蛋白质,而且赖氨酸含量较高,利用大豆高赖氨酸基因能够弥补谷类作物种子赖氨酸含量的不足.运用现代分子生物学技术,从高蛋白大豆南农87C-38中克隆11S球蛋白Gy7全基因及cDNA序列.经生物公司测序后,利用vector NTI软件将所克隆的Gy7全基因及cDNA序列与Genbank(AF319776和AF319777)报道的序列进行比对分析,同源性分别为99%和99.6%.序列比对结果显示,Gy7基因cDNA与Genbank报道的序列之间所有的核苷酸差异都位于第3外显子.由此推测,第1、第2和第4外显子编码的氨基酸对于G7多肽形成特定高级结构可能具有非常重要的作用,它们在进化过程中受到的选择压力可能比第3外显子更强.根据遗传密码表推测,克隆的Gy7与Genbank报道的cDNA序列所编码的多肽,两者存在2个氨基酸组成的差异.大豆球蛋白Gy7优质基因的获得为今后利用转基因技术改良水稻、小麦等谷类作物的营养品质奠定了基础. 相似文献
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《中国油料作物学报》2015,(5)
为幼龄动物提供优质的大豆饲料,同时有效抑制α'亚基和β亚基基因表达量,根据dsRNAi原理,以α'亚基基因RNAi重组植物表达载体p CAMBIA3301-PFNZ-BADH为基础,构建以BADH安全标记为筛选标记的α'亚基和β亚基基因双价RNAi植物表达载体。用根癌农杆菌介导法转化大豆子叶节,并对再生植株进行分子生物学检测。结果表明:成功构建β-伴大豆球蛋白α'亚基和β亚基基因双价RNAi表达载体,并获得大豆转基因植株。T1转基因大豆植株经PCR检测得到11株阳性转化株,经Southern杂交检测证明构建的双价植物表达载体已经以1~2个拷贝整合到大豆基因组中,实时荧光定量PCR检测表明β-伴大豆球蛋白α'亚基和β亚基基因的表达被明显抑制。 相似文献
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大豆种子贮藏蛋白遗传改良研究进展 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
大豆种子中含有40%左右的蛋白质,是世界重要的植物蛋白来源,7S和11S组分是大豆种子贮藏蛋白的主要构成部分,约占70%.7S组分主要由a,、a、β亚基构成,这三个亚基分别由Cgy1、Cgy2和Cgy3基因控制;11S组分由酸性多肽链和碱性多肽链组成的A1aB1b、A1bB2、A2B1a,、A3B4和A5A4B3等五个亚基构成.这些亚基分别由Gy1、Gy2、Gy3、Gy4和Gy5基因控制.大豆种子贮藏蛋白亚基变异类型丰富,除对大豆种质进行筛选外,国外研究者已通过杂交育种和辐射诱变育种培育出了高11S/7S比值的品系.通过外源基因导入和编码大豆贮藏蛋白基因修饰来提高大豆种子蛋白品质的遗传工程方面已经起步.理化诱变也是改良大豆蛋白品质的一条可行途径.所有这些研究对于改良大豆贮藏蛋白的营养价值和加工品质都具有重要意义. 相似文献
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利用变性剂脲和还原剂β-巯基乙醇解聚大豆球蛋白,在还原条件下通过DEAE琼脂糖凝胶F阴离子交换层析分离大豆球蛋白亚基,并对制备的亚基进行复性,从而建立了系统的分离纯化大豆球蛋白天然亚基的方法。对该方法分离亚基的产率和亚基的纯度进行评定,并利用大豆球蛋白免疫家兔制备的抗血清检测各种纯化亚基的免疫活性。结果表明：在还原条件下利用阴离子交换层析,可以有效的分离大豆球蛋白的碱性亚基和不同种类的酸性亚基。该方法的产率较高,以大豆球蛋白分离纯化碱性亚基及酸性亚基A1a, A2, A3, A4的产率分别为23.93%,14.95%,14.33%,12.06%,7.12%。制备的碱性亚基和酸性亚基A1a, A2 , A3, A4的纯度分别为84.39%,90.48%,92.00%,65.91%,85.00%;纯化亚基能与抗大豆球蛋白血清特异性结合,具有免疫活性。 相似文献
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为明确江西省大豆球蛋白各亚基相对含量及其比例,促进营养或加工品质优良大豆资源的挖掘与应用。本研究采用SDS-PAGE方法结合Gel-Pro Analyzer 4.5软件对供试的131份江西省大豆种质资源球蛋白及其亚基相对含量进行分析。结果表明:江西省大豆资源的7S、11S球蛋白及其亚基相对含量具有丰富的遗传变异,供试材料7S和11S球蛋白相对含量的变幅、平均值及变异系数分别为18.01%~52.21%、32.64%、19.46%和47.79%~81.99%、67.35%、9.43%,11S/7S比值范围为0.92~4.55,平均值为2.19,变异系数为30.64%,且筛选鉴定出3个11S/7S比值大于4.0和4个α′亚基、α亚基或β亚基含量较低的优异大豆种质资源,这些资源的挖掘为大豆品质的改良提供了材料和参考。 相似文献
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以黄大豆和黑大豆为原料调制了β-伴大豆球蛋白,用SDS-PAGE和PAS染色分析了黄大豆及黑大豆来源的β-伴大豆球蛋白各个亚基构成及糖含量,并通过体外模拟人体消化方法制备了胃蛋白酶及胰蛋白酶酶解物,利用动物细胞培养的方法分析了两种β-伴大豆球蛋白酶解物对肠道致病菌大肠杆菌(EScherichia coli stralns serotype 026)和沙门氏菌(Salmonella typhimuryum LT2)粘附Caco-2细胞的抑制作用.结果表明:黄大豆及黑大豆来源的β-伴大豆球蛋白均含有相同的亚基,糖含量上基本一致,为3.5%-3.7%;二者加热处理后再体外消化得到的酶解产物与未加热处理相比可以显著抑制大肠杆菌对Caco-2细胞的粘附,而对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的抑制作用不明显.这一结果说明,摄取加热后的β-伴大豆球蛋白,在经胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶等消化作用后,其消化产物有可能具有保护肠道上皮细胞不被大肠杆菌致病菌粘附的作用. 相似文献
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大豆种子7S、11S球蛋白及7S球蛋白亚基的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用线性梯度SDS-PAGE方法分析了黑龙江省422份大豆资源材料的7S和11S球蛋白含量、7S球蛋白α′、α和β亚基的含量变化，以及百粒重、蛋白含量、油分含量、11S球蛋白、7S 球蛋白、11S/7S比值的相关性。结果表明大豆种子贮藏蛋白品种间亚基带型基本一致，但是品种间相同亚基含量差异很大，变异系数均大于10％，变异类型丰富，本实验发现1份α′亚基缺失材料。大豆百粒重、蛋白含量、油分含量、11S球蛋白、7S 球蛋白以及11S/7S比值之间的相关性结果表明：11S球蛋白含量和7S球蛋白含量间（r=-1**）、蛋白含量和油分含量间（r=-0.776**）显著负相关；11S/7S 比值和百粒重、蛋白含量以及油分含量间无关. 相似文献
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Four levels of nitrogen, 188, 285, 358 and 392 kgJ.ha (150, 225, 285 and 350 units/ac) supplied as anhydrous ammonia were injected on each of four occasions, 18 Dec, 5 Feb., 12 Mar. and 16 Apr. DM and CP yields were estimated at each of three harvests taken on 4 June, 19 July and 28 Sept Total DM yields showed only a 10% difference between the highest yielding injection date, 12 Mar., which yielded 12270 kg/ha (10946 Ib/ac) and the lowest, 16 Apr., which yielded 11169 kgJ.ha (9963 Ib/ac). Early injection of ammonia promoted growth during the late spring and later injections resulted in increased yields at the two later harvests. The responses per kg fertilizer N were 11.9 kg DM (10.8 lb/unit) and 3.6 kg CP (3–3 Ib/unit). It was concluded that ammonia should be applied to grassland before April and, preferably, during March, for maximum yields of DM and CP. 相似文献
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Considerable improvement has been achieved in rough grazings by fairly frequent close mowing with the forage harvester or flail mower, particularly when combined with manuring and surface seeding.
The implement has proved capable of tackling very tough vegetation and converting it into grazing swards of fair value and good botanical composition. Undesirable species have been largely eliminated by treatment over two growing seasons.
The method is believed to compare favourably in cost with sward renovation by cultivation or by herbicides. 相似文献
The implement has proved capable of tackling very tough vegetation and converting it into grazing swards of fair value and good botanical composition. Undesirable species have been largely eliminated by treatment over two growing seasons.
The method is believed to compare favourably in cost with sward renovation by cultivation or by herbicides. 相似文献
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With modern machinery and modem techniques of grass production, mechanical-or zero-grazing offers a means of utilizing the crop to perfection. Whether this results in enhanced profits depends largely upon the farm and the specific circumstances. It may, it may not. What is evident is that the health of the cows is not affected by an unnatural manner of summer feeding; the sward, per se, may be improved by the regular and uniform defoliation; and under conditions of intensive production and the vital need to use profitably every blade of grass, as for instance on small, highly-rented farms, the practice of zero-grazing merits the most careful consideration. It cannot lightly be dismissed as merely a new fad. 相似文献
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THE USE OF THE IN VITRO TECHNIQUE IN THE DETERMINATION OF THE DIGESTIBILITY OF GRASS/LEGUME MIXTURES
The in vitro dry-matter digestibility was determined of two samples of Digitaria decumbens , one sample of Medicago sativa , and one sample of Trifolium repens and nine mixtures prepared from these samples.
When the results were compared with in vivo digestibilities the standard errors of the regressions for the three combinations of legume, grass and legume/grass mixtures were ±0.6, ±0.6 and ±1.5 percentage units, respectively.
It is considered that in vivo digestibility of mixtures of grasses and legumes can be estimated by the in vitro technique, provided that suitable grass and legume standards are included. 相似文献
When the results were compared with in vivo digestibilities the standard errors of the regressions for the three combinations of legume, grass and legume/grass mixtures were ±0.6, ±0.6 and ±1.5 percentage units, respectively.
It is considered that in vivo digestibility of mixtures of grasses and legumes can be estimated by the in vitro technique, provided that suitable grass and legume standards are included. 相似文献
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The effect of temperature on silage quality was investigated in a series of trials over a period of three years.
The results indicated that when conditions in the silage were favourable for the formation of lactic acid, either through treatment or because of the herbage itself, low temperatures in the mass had no adverse effect on silage quality.
Some results suggest that, with chopped or lacerated silage, low maximum temperatures are associated with better quality silage. The results, however, were not entirely consistent.
There appeared to be little or no advantage in allowing unchopped silage to heat to 100°F. 相似文献
The results indicated that when conditions in the silage were favourable for the formation of lactic acid, either through treatment or because of the herbage itself, low temperatures in the mass had no adverse effect on silage quality.
Some results suggest that, with chopped or lacerated silage, low maximum temperatures are associated with better quality silage. The results, however, were not entirely consistent.
There appeared to be little or no advantage in allowing unchopped silage to heat to 100°F. 相似文献
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Thirty-one sets of N yield data were considered, taken from seven experiments grazed by sheep. N yield could be explained in terms of fertilizer N rate, an estimate of soil N and an interaction between the two. Fertilizer N increased grass N yield more on grazed swards than on cut swards, and this effect was greatest on soils with high available soil-N. It is concluded that N recircula-tion can be substantial on heavily-stocked swards receiving high rates of fertilizer N, so increasing the efficiency of fertilizer as a source of N in these conditions. 相似文献