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为了解决饲用玉米种植田质量下降的问题，进行了生态有机肥还田对饲用玉米种植田有机质及酶活性和重金属影响的试验研究。结果表明，施用生态有机肥与农户习惯施用化肥相比，饲用玉米种植田有机质、有机碳和供碳量分别增加了14.44%、13.48%和13.49%，细菌和放线菌分别增加了17.61%和20.69%，蔗糖酶、脲酶、磷酸酶和多酚氧化酶活性分别增加了7.58%、2.14%、1.12%和21.43%；真菌、Hg、Cr、Pb、Cu、Cd和Zn含量分别降低了9.98%、10.20%、10.98%、13.10%、12.50%、9.09%和8.33%。施用生态有机肥，提高了饲用玉米种植田有机质、细菌、放线菌数量和酶活性，降低了真菌和重金属含量。 相似文献
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本文提出用电子计算机开展玉米栽培指标化和模式化研究的思路和步骤。 一、研制软件和建立数据库 玉米栽培指标化和模式化的研究要对大量试验数据进行处理,如相关分析、曲线拟合、多元和逐步回归、积分回归、方差分析、时间序列分析、聚类分析和最优化方法等,除直接引用外,还应按问题本身的性质…… 相似文献
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我国棉花耕作栽培技术研究和应用 总被引：27，自引：2，他引：27
耕作栽培学科紧密围绕棉花高产优质高效,面向全国开展棉花栽培试验研究、经验总结和生产服务,在棉花生产区域划分、麦棉两熟种植、棉花需水和棉田灌溉、棉花营养和施肥、盐碱地植棉、育苗移栽、地膜覆盖、化学和农艺调控、合理密植、模拟决策支持和监测预警信息等方面取得新进展,在科技兴棉中发挥积极作用,促进棉花增产,棉农增效,品质改良,丰富和发展了棉花栽培理论,取得一批技术成果和专利,其中一些领域居国内外同类研究的领先水平.近10年,又从产中科学化向产前信息化和产后市场化延伸,棉花生产现代化技术也初见端倪,促进棉花产量、质量和效益再上新台阶. 相似文献
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农牧交错区化肥减量施用对马铃薯产量、品质和耐贮性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
马铃薯种植中超量和长期施用化肥已造成产量、品质和耐贮性下降,为了充分利用农牧交错区产生的有机肥,提高马铃薯产量、品质和耐贮性,实现马铃薯产业可持续发展,研究了化肥减量施用和增施有机肥对马铃薯产量、品质和耐贮性的影响。结果表明,化肥减量施用和增施有机肥提高了马铃薯品质和耐贮性。处理2(50%常规施肥量+4 m3有机肥)的产量、蛋白质、淀粉、干物质、可溶性糖和VC含量最高,较对照(CK)分别提高了1.67%、15.66%、13.58%、11.63%、31.91%和21.17%,贮藏期软腐病、干腐病、环腐病和晚疫病发病率较低,较对照(CK)分别降低了44.72%、45.61%、50.14%和39.39%。建议在农牧交错区采用处理2来提高马铃薯产量、品质和耐贮性,降低化肥用量和施肥成本。 相似文献
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为探讨我国云南雪茄与尼加拉瓜雪茄烟叶质量差异，以我国云南德宏、临沧、普洱雪茄及尼加拉瓜雪茄烟叶为试验材料，通过OPLS-DA筛选不同产区雪茄烟叶矿质元素和感官质量差异指标，并基于因子分析和典型相关分析探究烟叶矿质元素和感官质量间的关系。结果表明，我国德宏、临沧、普洱烟叶和尼加拉瓜烟叶的差异矿质元素为Cl、Ca、Na、B、Fe和Cu，差异感官质量指标为香气量、香气质、杂气和燃烧性，其中尼加拉瓜烟叶Cl和Ca含量相对较低，香气量、香气质、杂气和燃烧性得分均高于我国产区。我国普洱烟叶Cl含量与尼加拉瓜接近，均显著（P<0.05）低于我国德宏和临沧烟叶；德宏烟叶Ca、Fe和Cu含量显著高于其他产区，比其他产区分别高23.45%、36.55%、47.93%；普洱烟叶B含量显著高于其他产区，比其他产区高68.27%。因子分析和典型相关分析结果表明，随B、Na和K含量的增加，香气质、香气量和杂气得分呈上升趋势，Cl、Cu、Mn、Ca和Fe含量与之相反；随K含量增加，燃烧性和灰色得分呈上升趋势，Cl含量与之相反。 相似文献
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化肥减量和增施生物有机肥对人参果产量、品质和耐贮性的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在人参果种植过程中减量使用尿素,并分别配合施用绿能牌、绿丰牌和冠菌牌生物有机肥,以单一施用非减量尿素为对照,研究尿素减量配施不同生物有机肥对人参果产量、品质和贮藏期病害发生的影响。研究结果表明:尿素减量施用和配施不同生物有机肥后均提高了人参果的产量和品质,降低了贮藏期病害发生,其中尿素减量配施绿能牌生物有机肥后人参果折合产量、商品果率、采收时和贮藏后的蛋白质、可溶性糖、氨基酸和VC含量最高,折合产量、商品果率较对照分别提高96.00%和50.67%;采收时蛋白质、可溶性糖、氨基酸和VC含量较对照分别提高24.46%、44.83%、31.37%和56.24%;贮藏后蛋白质、可溶性糖、氨基酸和VC含量较对照分别提高37.50%、44.00%、33.50%和62.36%;贮藏期软腐病病斑直径、单果病斑数和发病率最低,较对照分别降低44.55%、62.59%和57.77%,差异均达到极显著水平(P0.01)。建议试验区尿素减量配施绿能牌生物有机肥来提高人参果产量、品质和耐贮性。 相似文献
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研究氯化铵、亚硝酸钠和硫化钠水平对缢蛏(Sinonovaculaconstricta)存活的影响,共3个实验:实验1研究了氯化铵水平(0、100、158、251、398、631、1000和1585mg/L)对缢蛏存活的影响,发现随氯化铵水平的升高,缢蛏存活率呈下降趋势;在24、48、72和96h,LC50分别为515.65、163.44、104.99和85.48mg/L,安全浓度为4.93mg/L。实验2研究了亚硝酸钠水平(0、4、10、25、63、158、398和1000mg/L)对缢蛏存活的影响,发现随亚硝酸钠水平的升高,缢蛏存活率呈下降趋势;在24、48、72和96h,LC50分别为713.00、217.07、87.90和23.61mg/L,安全浓度为6.04mg/L。实验3研究了硫化钠水平(0、13、25、50、100、200、398、794、1585、3162和6310mg/L)对缢蛏存活的影响,发现随硫化钠水平的升高,缢蛏存活率呈下降趋势;在24、48、72和96h,LC50分别为3843.18、2072.71、1011.95和306.30mg/L,安全浓度为180.87mg/L。 相似文献
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基因型、地点及其互作对内蒙古小麦主要品质性状的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
选用来自我国春播麦区高、中、低3种筋力类型的9个品种, 于2003和2004年分别种植在内蒙古6个代表性地点, 研究了不同品种在年份和地点间籽粒硬度、蛋白质含量、和面仪参数和淀粉糊化特性等主要品质性状的变化规律。结果表明, 所测品质性状受基因型和地点效应的影响均达极显著水平, 除籽粒蛋白质含量外, 其他品质性状受基因型和地点互作效应的影响达显著或极显著水平。强筋类品种的蛋白质含量、灰分含量、沉降值、和面时间、耐揉性和峰值黏度均较高, 出粉率和稀澥值中等。中筋类品种出粉率、和面时间和耐揉性较高, 灰分含量、峰值黏度和稀澥值较低。弱筋类品种的灰分含量、峰值黏度和稀澥值较高, 籽粒硬度、蛋白质含量、出粉率、沉降值、和面时间、耐揉性低。所有品种品质性状在地点间存在较大差异, 乌海市灰分含量、和面时间和耐揉性高, 籽粒硬度、沉降值、峰值黏度和稀澥值较低。杭锦后旗出粉率高, 蛋白含量和沉降值较低, 其他性状表现中等。呼和浩特市籽粒硬度、蛋白含量、面粉灰分、沉降值、和面时间和耐揉性高, 出粉率、峰值黏度和稀澥值低。赤峰市多数性状表现中等。通辽市籽粒硬度、蛋白质含量、峰值黏度、稀澥值和耐揉性较高, 其他性状表现中等。额尔古纳市蛋白含量和沉降值较高, 和面时间和耐揉性低。初步认为强筋和中筋类品种较适于种植在呼和浩特市与乌海市, 不适于种植在额尔古纳市; 2个弱筋类品种在6个地点均不太适宜种植。 相似文献
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This article presents a systematic method for enhancing the estimation accuracy of ammonia emission from field-applied manure and for assessing the relative significance of ammonia emission factors, using the feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (ANN) approach.
The multivariate linear regression (MLR) method well describes the ammonia emission tendency with the emission factor variation. However, ammonia emission from manure slurry is too complex to be captured in a linear regression model. This necessitates a model which can describe complex nonlinear effects between the ammonia emission variables such as soil and manure states, climate and agronomic factors. In the present study, a principle component analysis (PCA) based preprocessing and weight partitioning method (WPM) based postprocessing ANN approach (called the PWA approach) is proposed to account for the complex nonlinear effects.
The ammonia emission is predicted with precision by the 11 emission factors, using the nonlinear ANN approach. The relative importance among the 11 emission factors is identified using the elasticity analysis in the MLR method and using the WPM in the ANN approach. The relative significance obtained quantitatively by the PWA approach in the present study gives an excellent explanation of the most important processes controlling NH3 emission. 相似文献
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A new idea is put forward on researches of prediction method of coal mining subsidence supported by GIS, and a new method is given about quantitative prediction of mining subsidence by means of GIS and ANN(Artificial Neural Network).This paper has completed a lot of work concerning choosing factor,data processing, establishing and validating preliminary ANN prediction model. Further more,data processing is carried out by GIS software,and the BP training method is used for modeling the exploitation sink system. Subsequently,the error is qualitatively analyzed with considering the result of verification. Researches show that the ANN prediction model supported by GIS has theoretical feasibility and realistic significance in predicting complex exploitation sink system,and GIS and ANN possess wide application prospects in the prediction of exploitation sink. 相似文献
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利用神经网络提取棉花叶片数字图像氮素含量的初步研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
选取6种输入向量组合，利用线性网络、BP网络以及径向基网络等3种神经网络模型进行比较研究，筛选最适宜网络模型和最佳输入组合，建立叶片数字图像彩色信息和叶片氮含量的关系模型，探索利用神经网络技术获取叶片数字图像信息的方法。结果表明，径向基网络在利用数字图像(B，H，G-R，G/R)指标作为网络输入向量时，能够实现获取棉花叶片数字图像氮含量的目标。径向基网络训练的180组样本的训练精度均达到极显著水平（r = 0.9022**），30组测试样本的预测值与实测值也达到极显著相关（r = 0.8674**），径向基网络和(B，H，G-R，G/R)向量是一种适合本研究的数学模型。对利用神经网络提取棉花叶片数字图像氮含量技术的初步探索，拓展了神经网络和数字图像技术在农业生产中的应用。 相似文献
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Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are the electrical activities in the cortex or on the surface of scalp caused by the physiological activities of the brain which play a key role in the diagnosis of brain and the functional determination of brain. The authors discuss some methods for processing EEG signals from the view of the frequency domain and time domain, especially introduce some time-frequency analysis methods such as Wigner distribution, wavelet transform and matching pursuit etc. , ANN and non-linear analysis for EEG signals processing. 相似文献
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Liang Shan Shi Weiren Mao Xindong 《保鲜与加工》1998,(2):34-39
Combining artificial neural networks(ANN) with fuzzy system theory,a kind of modelling & control method of fuzzy system based on ANN is presented.The simulation researches have verified that the proposed approach can be applied effectively to a number of control systems which are defficult to build strict mathematical model. 相似文献
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There are complicated non-linear relations among influence factors, and between influence factors and decision - making results, which cannot be handled by common analytical method effectively. So the ANN technology was applied in the pre-bid decision-making processes. An indicator system of influence factors for pre-bid decision-making process was built based on extensive investigations, comparisons and analyses, with due considerations to the ANN analysis requirements. And then the criterion and method for quantifying the indicators were put forward by quantificational methods and fuzzy theories. An ANN model for pre-bid decision- making process was constructed and performed in Matlab, which has powerful learning ability and fast learning speed. The model was verified by a few examples from engineering practice. 相似文献
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In this paper, the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is applied to the internal force analysis of structure. After introducing the model and algorithm of back-propagation network, a trained BP network of three layers is used to calculate the maximum of elastic moment of middle span of two-way slab. In order to enhance the generalized capability of network, the modified value of weight should be regarded as convergence standard and in order to accelerate the learning process without vibration, the method of adding momentum coefficient is adopted. The analysis program of BP network is carried out with the software of Matlab. The result demonstrates that application of ANN in structure analysis is feasible. 相似文献
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LIU Xian_ying ZHANG Hua_ling 《保鲜与加工》1999,(6):86-90
This paper presents some common control strategy of ice storage air conditioning system. It is suggested that the optimization on ice storage air conditioning system should be based on accurate load prediction and the artificial neural network (ANN) modeling for load prediction was presented. 相似文献
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The paper aims at ANN disaster-possibility identifying of Wujiawan Landslide. ANN construction and parameter setup are analyzed for landslide disaster identifying by ANN, based on a typical landslide-Wujiawan landslide in Wanzhou urban, by confirming evaluation factor and establishing sample data. The ANN model is trained by the similar landslide sample in Wanzhou urban, then the disaster is identified in several different conditions of Wujiawan landslide. Finally, the same conclusion are found by analyzing combined ANN Disaster-Identifying and limit-equilibrium-method calculation. The results show that AAN is accurate and satisfied to be used landslide disaster-possibility identifying. 相似文献
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应用神经网络和统计模型预测大豆生长发育阶段 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
预测大豆的物候期对指导大豆生产、安排农事活动等具有重大意义。本研究构建了一种简单、但有效的预测模型,使大豆种植者能够较准确地预测大豆各生育阶段的具体日期。试验地位于美国密西西比Delta研究推广中心(经度: 90°55''W,纬度: 33°25''N)。试验进行了5年,以前4年(1998—2001)数据构建模型,第5年(2002)的数据验证模型。为简化模型,杂草、病虫害、干旱等干扰因素被优化排除。采用逐步回归(SR)、神经网络(ANN)以及内插法构建模型。营养(V-stage)和生殖(R-stage)生长阶段分别建模。结果表明,通过播期(PD)和从播种到某阶段的相对平均天数能很准确地预测营养生长各阶段的具体日期;可通过播种日期和成熟期组数值(MG)准确预测生殖生长各阶段的具体日期。3种方法中,神经网络所构建的模型准确度最高,具有较好的推广应用价值。 相似文献