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目的考察柳蒿不同溶剂提取物对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌效果。方法采用滤纸片固相扩散法和二倍稀释法研究了柳蒿水提取物、95%乙醇提取物、乙酸乙酯提取物对大肠杆菌及金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌活性及最低抑菌浓度(MIC)。结果由抑菌直径可知,各提取液抑菌活性顺序为:乙酸乙酯提取液乙醇提取液水提取液,不同提取液对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌的MIC分别为:乙酸乙酯提取液为50 mg/m L、3.125 mg/m L;乙醇提取液为100 mg/m L、12.5 mg/m L;水提取液为100 mg/m L、25 mg/m L。结论不同提取液抑菌效果不同,其中乙酸乙酯提取液抑菌效果最好。 相似文献
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在厦门园林绿地中,白蚁发生危害严重,其中主要有家白蚁、黑翅土白蚁、黄翅大白蚁.本文着重对它们的发生特性、寄主及防治方法做一介绍. 相似文献
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台湾黑翅白蚁 Odontotesmesfovmosonus(Shoraki)属等翅目,白蚁科(TErmitidae).在我国南方,它是多种重要经济作物的主要害虫.随着西番莲在我国热带、南亚热带地区发展种植,近来发现台湾黑翅土白蚁已成为该作物的一种重要害虫,现将此害虫的初步研究报告如下: 相似文献
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轮叶党参种子中萌发抑制物质活性的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以白菜和小麦种子作生物测定,研究了轮叶党参种子中萌发抑制物质的活性。结果表明,轮叶党参种子中存在着活性较强的抑制物质,且抑制物质的活性随着提取液浓度的增加而增加。采用不同溶剂提取轮叶党参抑制物质的活性不同,以甲醇提取液抑制活性最强,乙醚次之,水提取液抑制作用不明显。采用去翅处理和温水浸种能有效去除大部分抑制物质。 相似文献
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为研究木薯茎和叶的挥发油成分,采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用方法对其化学成分进行分析,鉴定了茎的挥发油中25个成分和叶挥发油中22个成分,分别占总挥发油含量的83.53%和83.46%。其中茎挥发油主要成分为棕榈酸(31.39%)、油酸(8.94%)、亚油酸(5.57%),叶挥发油主要成分为棕榈酸(16.85%)、植醇(15.02%)、异植醇(11.21%)。用滤纸片琼脂扩散法测定茎和叶挥发油的抗金黄色葡萄球菌活性和抗耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MASA)活性,结果表明:茎的挥发油具有抗金黄色葡萄球菌活性;叶的挥发油具有抗MASA活性。细胞毒活性结果表明,茎的挥发油对人慢性髓原白血病细胞K562有显著细胞毒活性,其IC50值为7.0μg/mL。 相似文献
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不同大豆(Glycine max)品种对根寄生杂草瓜列当(Orobanche aegyptiaca)种子萌发的诱导作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以10个东北大面积推广的大豆品种(北豆18、绥农10、丰豆3、黑农28、东豆339、中黄13、合丰55、垦鉴豆35、黑农44和垦丰16)为材料,采用盆栽试验探索大豆在不同生育时期(V1、V3、V5、R2和R4)的根际土、根、茎和叶的甲醇提取液对瓜列当种子萌发的刺激效果.结果表明:不同大豆品种的甲醇提取液对瓜列当的诱导效果存在显著差异；中黄13的根际土对瓜列当的刺激作用显著高于其它品种；大豆V3和V5期的植株提取液对瓜列当的诱导作用最强；大豆的根、茎和叶对瓜列当的诱导效果为根＞茎＞叶.在瓜列当危害区,大豆可以作为瓜列当的“诱捕”作物. 相似文献
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文章研究了罗布麻茎叶粗提物对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和黄曲霉的抑菌活性和最小抑菌浓度,并定性分析了脱胶后的罗布麻纤维对上述类型微生物的抑制效果。结果表明,罗布麻茎叶粗提物对黄曲霉和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制效果较为明显,对大肠杆菌抑制效果稍差,其中,罗布白麻和罗布红麻对黄曲霉菌的最小抑菌浓度分别为5、7.5 mg/mL,对金黄色葡萄球菌最小抑菌浓度均为7.5 mg/mL,而对大肠杆菌的最小抑菌浓度分别为10、15 mg/mL;定性分析发现,经脱胶后的罗布麻纤维仍对细菌类的金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌具有一定的抑制作用,但对霉菌类的黄曲霉无明显抑制作用。 相似文献
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为探讨木麻黄小枝内含物与其对木毒蛾抗性的关系,明确其抗性机理,对抗虫品系湛江3、惠76、惠83、广东A8-2,中抗品系平潭2、惠1、龙7-18,感虫品系东山2号、广东501、抗风10个木麻黄品系的黄酮、单宁、总酚、蛋白质、可溶性糖、多糖6种内含物含量进行了测定和分析比较。结果表明:总体上木麻黄小枝内次生物质黄酮、单宁、总酚在抗性品系中含量较高,在感虫品系中含量较低;而蛋白质和可溶性糖却在感虫品系中较高,在抗虫品系中较低;多糖含量则无明显规律性。灰色关联度分析结果显示,抗虫等级、平均化蛹率和平均蛹重均与蛋白质含量和可溶性糖含量关联系数较大,均大于或接近0.500 0。 相似文献
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Maleki S Seyyednejad SM Damabi NM Motamedi H 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2008,11(9):1286-1289
The aim of this study was to examine the antimicrobial activity of the methanolic extract of Torilis leptophylla was tested on eleven bacteria (Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus licheniformis, Brucella melitensis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Proteus mirabilis, Bordetella bronshiseptica and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Tested extract was effective against all bacteria but not B. subtilis. Consequently, the ethanolic extract had antibacterial activity on some pathogens thus confirming their use in folk medicine. 相似文献
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31种热带植物乙醇提取物对朱砂叶螨的生物活性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
室内测定31种植物乙醇提取物对朱砂叶螨的触杀和驱避作用.结果表明,大山芝麻、蜂巢草、仔榄树和许树乙醇提取物对朱砂叶螨具有明显的触杀作用,24h后平均校正死亡率达80％以上,其中大山芝麻的触杀效果最好,高达96.35％;23种植物提取物对朱砂叶螨产卵驱避作用显著,平均驱避率达90％以上;牛筋果、云南野桐、多花瓜腹木、黄椿木姜、酒饼簕和毛瓣鸡血藤提取物对成螨驱避作用明显且较为稳定,48 h的平均驱避率达91％以上. 相似文献
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P. Ganesan T. Ramachandran T. Karthik V. S. Prem Anand T. Gowthaman 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(10):1663-1673
The focus of the present research work is on evaluation of the antimicrobial finished textile material from the extract of Aerva lanata plant and optimization of process parameters to get the maximum antimicrobial efficiency. The microencapsulated extracts of Aerva lanata plant (leaves and stalk) using citric acid as a cross linking agent were applied on plain-woven cotton fabric by pad-dry-cure method. The Aerva lanata extract treated fabric samples were tested for antibacterial activity against bacterial strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli under Agar diffusion test and AATCC 100–2004. It is observed that the treated cotton fabric shows a clear microbial resistance of about 19–25 mm zone of inhibition in the agar diffusion test against the above-mentioned bacterial strains. The treated samples showed 80 % of reduction against Staphylococcus aureus and 70 % reduction against Escherichia coli as per AATCC (100–2004). Process parameters like concentration of extract, citric acid and curing temperature were optimized using Box-Behnken design for better performance of antimicrobial treated material. The optimum values of 21.14 % extract concentration, 2.39 % crosslinking agent and 101.2 °C curing temperature were determined. 相似文献
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This study was carried out to optimize dyeing conditions of unripe Citrus Unshiu extract on silk fabric and to evaluate antimicrobial
activity of the dyed fabric for its potential use as a functional natural dye. Unripe fruits of Citrus Unshiu in Jeju Island,
Korea, extracted in 80 % Ethanol solution to final solid dye powder were dyed on silk fabric under a variety of conditions
such as dye bath concentrations, temperature, and dyeing duration together with mordanting. Dyeing fastness properties to
washing, rubbing, perspiration, and light were tested and the antimicrobial activities of the dyed fabric against Staphylococcus
aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae were investigated quantitatively. As results, the fabric showed the maximum dye uptake (K/S) under the conditions of 80 °C for temperature, 30 min for duration, and 600 % (o.w.f.) for dye concentration. Both pre-
and post-mordanting seemed not to be effective on increasing K/S values of the dyed silk fabrics under the optimum dyeing conditions. Fastness ratings to washing, rubbing, and perspiration
were all very good (4–5 grades) for both 300 and 600 % dyed silk fabrics. Excellent antimicrobial activities over 99 % reduction
rate against two both bacteria were exhibited for all of dyed fabrics undergone more than 300 % of dye concentration. From
these results, it was concluded that the dye concentration of 300 % of unripe Citrus Unshiu could be employed to produce antimicrobial
silk fabric. Furthermore, to get more saturated shades on the fabric by the citrus, higher dye concentration such as 600 %
was available as well. 相似文献
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本研究采用硅胶柱层析、ODS反相柱层析、sephadex LH-20分子筛等技术进行分离纯化艾纳香乙酸乙酯部位,共获得7个化合物。采用波谱学技术进行结构鉴定,7个化合物分别为：3,3’,5,7-四羟基-4’-甲氧基-二氢黄酮（1）,7-甲氧基紫衫叶素(padmatin)（2）,木犀草素-7-甲醚（3）,咖啡酸（4）,北美圣草素（5）,槲皮素（6）和木犀草素（7）。采用96孔板倍比稀释法,对单体化合物抗细菌活性进行评价,结果显示化合物2和3具有较好的抑制金黄色葡萄球菌活性,MIC值均为64 μg/mL。化合物2和4均为首次从该植物中分离,化合物2 和3可作为艾纳香抗菌活性先导化合物,为相关新药研发提供依据。 相似文献
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Anago E Lagnika L Gbenou J Loko F Moudachirou M Sanni A 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2011,14(7):449-455
The ethanol extracts obtained from Psidium guajava, Flacourtia flavescens Boswellia dalzielii, Ficus exasperata, Pavetta corymbosa and Hybanthus enneaspermus, six species traditionally used in Benin to treat several infectious diseases, were evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Enteroccocus feacalis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The minimum inhibitory concentration of extracts was determinate using the microplate dilution method. The presence of major phytoconstituents was detected qualitatively. The diphenylpicrylhydrazine radical scavenging activity was also performed. The extracts exhibited antibacterial activities against the tested bacteria. Boswellia dalzielii, Psidium guayava, Pavetta corymbosa and Flacourtia flavescens exibited the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration values (0.313-2.5 mg mL(-1)). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the lest sensitive microorganism with MIC values higher than 10 mg mL(-1). In antioxidant assay the crude extracts of B. dalzielii and P. corymbosa appeared to be as potent as quercetol with an inhibition percentage of 83 and 75.3% at 10 microg mL(-1) which is comparable to 75.9% for quercetol at the same concentration. 相似文献
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Roy A Biswas SK Chowdhury A Shill MC Raihan SZ Muhit MA 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2011,14(19):905-908
The objectives of the present study were to investigate phytochemical screening and to assay cytotoxicity and antibacterial activities of ethanolic extracts of leaves of two medicinal plants, Aglaonema hookerianum Schott (Family: Araceae) and Lannea grandis Engl. (Family: Anacardiaceae) available in Bangladesh. The brine shrimp lethality bioassay showed that the ethanolic extracts of Aglaonema hookerianum and Lannea grandis possessed cytotoxic activities with LC50 5.25 (microg mL(-1)) and 5.75 (microg mL(-1)) and LC90 10.47 (microg mL(-1)) and 9.55 (microg mL(-1)), respectively. Two extracts obtained from leaves were examined for their antibacterial activities against some gram positive bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium and Staphylococcus aureus, also gram negative strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi and Vibrio cholerae. Agar disc diffusion method was applied to observe the antibacterial efficacy of the extracts. Results indicated that both plant extracts (500 microg disc(-1)) displayed antibacterial activity against all of the tested microorganisms. These results were also compared with the zones of inhibition produced by commercially available standard antibiotic, Amoxicillin at concentration of 10 microg disc(-1). Observed antibacterial properties of the ethanolic extract of Aglaonema hookerianum Schott and Lannea grandis Engl. showed that both plants might be useful sources for the development of new potent antibacterial agents. 相似文献
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Multifunctional textiles have been widely investigated with antimicrobial, self-cleaning, UV-protective properties, etc. Especially
sol-gel coating doped with bioactive agents and special agents provides to produce multifunctional textiles. In this study,
dip-coating (pad-dry) and solvothermal (exhaustion) sol-gel processes were used for coating of cotton fabric with silica and
titania sols to achieve the properties mentioned above. A quaternary ammonium salt and silver salts as antimicrobial doping
agent were embedded in titania sols with or without silica. Antimicrobial properties against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) of the coated fabrics were characterized. The effect of precursors, doping agents and different sol-gel processes were also
compared on performance properties of the fabric samples. 相似文献