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1.
【目的】厚皮甜瓜坐果节位叶片在果实生长过程中早衰现象严重,对果实生长会造成不利影响。本试验采用外源喷施硫酸镁的方法,研究了镁对坐果节位叶片叶绿素荧光特性、活性氧清除系统及果实的影响,以期延缓坐果节位叶片衰老,提高厚皮甜瓜产量和品质。【方法】以厚皮甜瓜品种‘迎春(F1)’为试材,于坐果节位雌花开放授粉当天对植株叶片喷施不同浓度(0、2、4、6 mmol/L)的硫酸镁溶液,每7天喷1次,共喷3次,采用随机区组试验设计,重复3次。在第一次处理后每隔7 d对坐果节位叶片进行各项生理指标测定。叶片叶绿素荧光参数采用成像荧光仪MINI-IMAGING-PAM测定,光合特性采用Li-6400光合仪测定,叶片镁元素含量采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)法测定,酶含量、果实可溶性糖及可溶性蛋白测定参照李合生的方法测定,可溶性固形物采用手持糖度计测定,Vc采用2,6-二氯酚靛酚滴定法。【结果】对坐果节位叶片及果实生理指标进行分析,结果显示2mmol/L和4 mmol/L镁处理能够显著增加坐果节位叶片的镁含量,延缓叶片衰老过程中叶绿素的降解速率;明显降低坐果节位叶片初始荧光Fo值,增强PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、PSⅡ实际光化学量子效率(ФPSⅡ)及表观光合电子传递速率(ETR),提高坐果节位叶片的净光合速率;明显提高叶片过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)等抗氧化酶活性,降低活性氧和MDA含量;显著提高了厚皮甜瓜果实的可溶性糖、可溶性固形物、可溶性蛋白及Vc含量,但对单果重影响不显著。【结论】适宜浓度的镁处理能够提高厚皮甜瓜坐果节位叶片的叶绿素和镁元素含量,改善其叶绿素荧光参数和净光合效率,增强POD、SOD和CAT活性,减少H2O2、O-·2和MDA的累积,从而延缓其衰老,并能提高果实可溶性糖、可溶性固形物、Vc及可溶性蛋白等品质指标,但对果实产量影响不显著。 相似文献
2.
以3年生露地栽培葡萄户太8号为试材,采用不同浓度、不同时期叶面喷施亚硒酸钠的方法,探究提高葡萄果实硒含量方法及其延缓叶片衰老的效应。结果表明,喷硒后新抽生出副梢新叶中的硒含量与老叶中硒含量呈高度正相关(r=0. 99),硒在葡萄植株内具有移动性,可重复利用。不同浓度处理以50 mg/L亚硒酸钠处理后的果实品质最好;不同时期处理下始着色期处理后的果实品质最好。50 mg/L亚硒酸钠处理后延缓叶片衰老效果最明显。叶面喷施亚硒酸钠可有效提高葡萄果实含硒量从而提高果实品质,有效提高叶片叶绿素含量从而增加叶片光合量进一步延缓叶片衰老。 相似文献
3.
为探究叶面喷施钙肥对金丝小枣钙素营养、果实发育及品质的影响,以20年生乐陵金丝小枣为试材,以喷清水为对照,进行叶面喷施有机钙(柠檬酸钙,0.2%)和无机钙(硝酸钙,0.2%)试验,生长期间分4次测量果实生长指标以及叶片、果实中钙含量,收获期对一些果实品质指标进行测定。研究结果表明:叶面喷施有机钙和无机钙均可提高金丝小枣果实和叶片的Ca含量、果实可溶性糖含量、单果重、果形指数。喷施两种钙肥还可显著提高叶片SPAD值,改善叶片氮素营养。喷施柠檬酸钙可显著提高果实优质果比例,并降低劣质果比例。两种钙肥均可改善金丝小枣营养状况,促进金丝小枣果实发育,并且柠檬酸钙的效果优于硝酸钙。 相似文献
4.
生殖生长阶段甜瓜坐果节位叶片早衰现象严重,不利于养分、光合同化产物向果实转移,导致产量和品质下降。试验研究了不同氮钾肥用量对大棚甜瓜坐果节位叶片生理特性的影响,延缓坐果节位叶片衰老,以期为优质高产栽培条件下合理施肥提供一定的理论依据。试验设重氮重钾(N2K2)、重氮轻钾(N2K1)、轻氮重钾(N1K2)、轻氮轻钾(N1K1)、中氮中钾(NK)5个处理。结果表明,不同氮钾处理对甜瓜超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和可溶性蛋白质(SP)、丙二醛(MDA)含量影响显著,随着氮钾肥用量的增加,SOD、POD、CAT活性和SP含量均呈先增加后下降的趋势,MDA含量的变化趋势则相反,呈先降低后上升;合理的氮钾肥用量(NK处理)有利于减缓SOD、POD、CAT活性和SP含量的降低速度和MDA含量的增加速度,越到生育后期效果越明显,高氮高钾(N2K2)处理反而不利于减缓SP含量和SOD、POD、CAT活性的降低速度及MDA含量的增加速度,加剧叶片衰老。NK处理甜瓜产量、中心和边部可溶性固形物含量及植株氮、磷、钾累积吸收量均显著高于其它处理,但氮钾肥用量过高或过低均不利于植株对氮、磷、钾素的吸收,影响其产量和品质的提高。通过综合分析不同氮钾肥用量对甜瓜生理特性及产量、品质、养分吸收累积量的影响,确定在连栋棚加地膜覆盖高产栽培条件下,土壤施氮、钾量分别以N 200 kg·hm-2、K2O 300kg·hm-2为宜,但施氮、钾量过高或过低均加速甜瓜生殖生长阶段叶片抗氧化保护酶活性及渗透调节物质的降解速度,加剧叶片衰老,从而不利于产量和品质的提高。 相似文献
5.
喷硒时期与浓度对红富士苹果果实品质及各部位全硒和有机态硒含量的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
本试验通过叶面喷施外源硒肥、原子荧光法测定样品硒含量,研究不同硒喷施浓度对果树各部位无机硒含量、硒有机化程度及果实品质的影响,筛选红富士苹果的最佳施硒方案。结果表明, 1）在花期和幼果期叶面施硒效果较为稳定,叶片和果实中硒的有机化程度高。在接近果实着色期或采收期叶面施硒,虽然果实中总硒量较高,但硒的有机化程度较低。2）相同喷施浓度下,树体各器官硒含量顺序依次为叶＞枝＞果＞根,果树地上部分配的硒占较大比例。3）叶面喷施硒可增加果实中可溶性固形物、可溶性糖和Vc 含量,从而改善了果实风味,但降低了果实硬度,影响其贮藏运输品质。4）红富士苹果以在5、6、7月中旬喷施 3 次100 mg/L 亚硒酸钠效果最佳,此时叶片中总硒含量为2728.30 g/kg, FW,有机化程度达85.71%。各项果实品质指标佳,平均单果重达256.8 g。果实总硒含量为10.10 g/kg, FW,有机化程度为87.72%。 相似文献
6.
铜基叶面肥及控释肥对辣椒生长发育和叶片保护酶等生理特性的影响 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6
【目的】针对辣椒喜肥、耐肥、对水分要求严格的特点,采用铜基叶面肥、控释肥两种新技术,研究了叶面喷施铜基叶面肥和土施控释肥对辣椒产量、矿质养分在植株体内的分布、保护性酶活性以及果实品质的影响,为提高果蔬产量和改善品质提供理论依据。【方法】分别于2011年4~11月和2012年3~9月,在山东农业大学南校区土肥资源高效利用国家工程实验室新型肥料中试基地, 以赤峰牛角王为供试辣椒品种设置肥料盆栽试验,试验设8个处理: 1）喷清水土壤不施肥对照（CKW- NF）;2）喷清水+土施普通肥（CKW+CCF）; 3）喷清水+土施控释肥（CKW+CRF）; 4）喷清水+土施控释肥+保水剂（CKW+CRF+W）; 5）喷铜基叶面肥土壤不施肥（CBFF-NF）; 6）喷铜基叶面肥+土施普通肥（CBFF+CCF）; 7）喷铜基叶面肥+土施控释肥（CBFF+CRF）;8）喷铜基叶面肥+土施控释肥+保水剂（CBFF+CRF+W）。采用称重法测定辣椒产量,于收获期取果实及叶片鲜样用于果实品质和生理生化指标测定,植株各部位干样用于微量元素测定。【结果】1）两年内喷施铜基叶面肥和土施控释肥均能提高辣椒产量,其中叶面喷施铜基叶面肥+土施控释肥+保水剂（CBFF+CRF+W）组合对辣椒产量的提高幅度最大,与CKW+CRF+W相比2011年增产24.1%,2012年增产29.0%。2）相同的土壤施肥条件下,与喷清水相比,喷施铜基叶面肥能够显著提高辣椒植株体内的铜浓度。其中,土施控释肥加保水剂基础上喷施铜基叶面肥处理的辣椒果实中铜浓度比叶面喷清水显著提高了103.9%;土施控释肥条件下,叶面喷施铜基叶面肥较喷清水处理下的果实铜浓度增加了41.5%。3）喷施铜基叶面肥后,辣椒叶片的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（POD）活性升高,而过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性下降。CBFF+CRF+W处理下的辣椒叶片SOD活性较CKW+CRF+W处理显著提高了26.6%,CBFF+CRF+W组合的叶片的POD活性和CAT活性与CKW+CRF差异显著。4）与喷清水处理相比,无论在土壤施用控释肥还是土壤施用控释肥+保水剂的条件下,叶面喷施铜基叶面肥均使辣椒果实可溶性蛋白和维生素C的含量显著提高,其增加幅度在12.8%~178.4%。【结论】综合考虑几种肥料组合,叶面喷施铜基叶面肥和土施控释肥可在一定程度上调控植株微量元素的积累,改善辣椒营养品质,提高辣椒产量。 相似文献
7.
探讨大田条件下,施镁对缺镁葡萄叶片糖、淀粉和蛋白质及果实品质的影响,为葡萄科学施肥提供理论依据。采用裂区试验,主区设4个土施硫酸镁梯度,为0、112.5、150、187.5 kg/hm~2,副区设3个叶面喷施硫酸镁浓度,分别是0%、0.2%、0.4%。结果发现:土施和叶面喷施镁肥能够显著提高叶片镁含量,提升硝酸还原酶活性,增加可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量,并促进淀粉转运,减少其在叶片中的积累,最终增加果皮花色素含量,使果皮显著变红,并提高果实可溶性固形物含量,降低可滴定酸含量,提升了果实外在和内在品质。土施150 kg/hm~2同时叶面喷施0.4%硫酸镁肥时,叶片镁含量处于适量标准,硝酸还原酶活性高,叶片可溶性蛋白和糖含量高,果皮红,果实糖高酸低,施镁效果最好。 相似文献
8.
硼对砀山酥梨营养生长和果实品质的影响 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
为改善砀山酥梨树体营养状况,提高果实品质,在其新梢生长期（3～7月份）,叶面喷施不同浓度水平（0.2%,0.3%,0.4%）的硼肥（硼砂）,研究不同处理对砀山酥梨叶片硼含量及其变化动态、砀山酥梨营养生长和果实品质的影响。结果表明:砀山酥梨叶片硼含量随新梢生长而上升,在新梢停长期含量最高,之后开始下降,呈现低高低的变化趋势;叶面喷施不同浓度水平的硼肥后,在0.2%～0.3%范围内,叶片含硼量随喷施浓度的提高而增加;适量施硼促进了砀山酥梨的新梢生长,显著增加了单叶面积、百叶重、叶片叶绿素含量;提高了砀山酥梨果实的可溶性糖、可溶性固形物含量和果肉硬度,降低了果实含酸量。综合果树生长状况、果实品质和生产成本等因素,砀山酥梨树体缺硼时,在新梢生长期的3～7月份,叶面喷施2～3次0.3% 的硼肥效果最好。 相似文献
9.
硒是人体所必需的微量元素,随着人们对硒产品认识程度逐渐加深,富硒食品在市场上出现的越来越多。以乐陵金丝小枣为对象,于枣果幼果期、果实膨大期、转色期叶面喷施纳米硒肥,探究不同浓度梯度(0、4.8、9.6、14.4 mL/L)纳米硒肥对枣产量和品质的影响。结果表明,叶面喷施纳米硒肥可显著增加金丝小枣的产量和品质,随着喷施硒浓度的增加,金丝小枣枣果中硒含量逐渐增加,但产量出现先增加后降低的趋势,叶面喷施硒肥可显著增加可溶性固形物含量、维C含量以及枣果中和叶片中矿质元素含量,以9.6 mL/L浓度处理下效果最佳,产量增加33.0%,可溶性固形物显著增加8.4%,维C含量显著增加53.5%,且枣果中硒含量达0.28 mg/kg,较空白对照显著增加171.8%,矿质元素磷、钾、钙、镁、硼、铁的含量增加最为显著。综合分析,叶面喷施纳米硒肥浓度为9.6 mL/L时增产提质效果最佳。 相似文献
10.
干旱是制约小麦生产力的主要因素之一,为探究在不同土壤水分条件下锰对小麦叶片衰老的影响,采取室外盆栽试验的方法,设置3种土壤水分处理[正常水分为田间持水量的70%～75%(CK),中度缺水为田间持水量的50%～55%(MS),重度缺水为田间持水量的40%～45%(SS)]在孕穗-扬花期期间分别对小麦叶面喷施质量浓度为0%、0.2%、0.5%、1.0%、2.0%的Mn SO4溶液,检测小麦叶片的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性、过氧化物酶（POD）活性和丙二醛（MDA）含量。拟合结果表明：两次喷施后小麦叶片MDA含量最低值在CK处理下对应的锰浓度分别为3.19和4.04 g/L,在MS和SS处理下仍为较低浓度值且小麦叶片MDA含量明显降低;POD活性最大时在MS处理下对应的锰浓度分别为5.13和4.30 g/L,在CK和SS处理下对应的锰浓度差异较大;两次喷施后SOD活性最大时在各处理下对应的锰浓度均在10 g/L以上且SOD活性均有所提升。喷施锰肥降低了小麦叶片MDA含量并提高了SOD和POD活性,能够对不同土壤水分条件下小麦叶片衰老起到一定延缓作用,但最适浓度却不相同。 相似文献
11.
Mary K. Schon 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(6):1137-1149
In order to reduce blossom‐end rot occurrence in greenhouse‐grown peppers, experiments were conducted to determine whether foliar applications of antitranspirants would decrease transpiration of pepper (Capsicum annuum L. cv. Hungarian Wax or Midal) leaves and subsequently redirect the flow of calcium (Ca) from plant foliage to developing fruit. Foliar calcium nitrate [Ca(NO3)2] applications were also carried out as a possible means to increase fruit Ca concentration and reduce blossom‐end rot. Initial studies indicated that two antitranspirant applications of 2.5% ‘Vapor Gard’ (di‐1‐p‐menthene) early in the fruiting phase of ‘Hungarian Wax’ peppers significantly increased early yield and tended to increase total Ca in the fruit. In subsequent experiments, weekly applications of either antitranspirant ‐ 1% ‘Vapor Gard’ or 1% ‘Folicote’ (a wax emulsion concentrate) ‐ throughout the fruiting phase significantly increased fruit Ca of ‘Midal’ peppers during at least part of the reproductive stage, and significantly reduced blossom‐end rot‐affected yield. Weekly Ca(NO3)2 applications significantly elevated leaf Ca as well as fruit Ca concentrations, and was the most effective treatment in alleviating blossom‐end rot. However, all weekly Ca(NO3)2 and antitranspirant treatments caused significant declines in marketable yield, so that these treatments, although effective in reducing blossom‐end rot, cannot be recommended for commercial use. 相似文献
12.
J. Thomas Raese 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(7):1131-1155
Foliar sprays of calcium chloride (CaCl2) and to a lesser extent, soil applications of calcium nitrate [Ca(NO3)2] fertilizer, increased calcium (Ca) concentrations in leaves and fruit of apple, (Malus domestica) and pear (Pyrus communis L.) trees. For most years, CaCl2 sprays or Ca(NO3)2 fertilizer increased cold hardiness of ‘Anjou’ pear trees, and reduced the incidence of fruit disorders (alfalfa greening and cork spot of pears and bitter pit of ‘Delicious’ apples). Yield of ‘Anjou’ pears was usually increased with the higher rates of nitrogen (N) fertilizers [ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), Ca(NO3)2, or urea]. Calcium chloride sprays increased yield of ‘Anjou’ pears if it was applied over many years. 相似文献
13.
氮素形态对巨峰葡萄果实品质的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了探讨氮素形态对巨峰葡萄果实品质性状的影响,设置了尿素T1(酰胺态)、全硝T2(硝铵比为100/0)、混合氮T3、T4、T5(硝铵比为70/30、50/50、30/70)及全铵处理T6(硝铵比为0/100)和清水对照CK,于生长季节进行叶面喷施试验。结果表明,不同处理均提高了果实的营养品质,喷尿素的总糖量、糖酸比最大,其次是混合氮处理,全铵处理最小;果实的Vc含量以混合氮处理较高,全铵处理的最低;果实中花青素的含量顺序为:全硝尿素混合氮全铵CK。果实硝酸盐含量从高到低依次为:全硝混合氮全铵尿素CK;硝态氮促进了果实生长,各处理平均单果重为全硝混合氮全铵尿素CK。综上结果,尿素及适当的硝态氮配比有利于巨峰葡萄果实品质的提高。 相似文献
14.
Ameliorative Effect of Calcium Nitrate on Cucumber and Melon Plants Drip Irrigated with Saline Water
《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(8):1665-1681
Abstract Cucumber (Cucumis sativus cv. Orlando) and melon (Cucumis melo cv. Ananas) were field grown to investigate the effects of supplementary calcium nitrate applied to irrigation water on plant growth and fruit yield of salt stressed and unstressed cucumber and melon plants. Treatments were (1) control: normal irrigation water (C); (2) normal irrigation water plus supplementary 5 mM Ca(NO3)2 added to the irrigation water (C + CaN); (3) salt treatment: C plus 60 mM NaCl added irrigation water (C + S); and (4) supplementary Ca(NO3)2: C + S plus supplementary 5 mM Ca(NO3)2 added to the irrigation water (C + S + CaN). Plants irrigated with water containing high NaCl produced less dry matter, fruit yield, and chlorophyll than the control treatments of both species. Supplementing irrigation water with Ca(NO3)2 resulted in increases in dry matter, fruit yield, and chlorophyll concentrations over plants irrigated with saline water. Membrane permeability increased with C + S treatment for both species. Supplementary Ca(NO3)2 restored membrane permeability. Sodium (Na) concentration in plant tissues increased in leaves and roots in the elevated NaCl treatment. Concentrations of Ca and N in leaves were decreased in the high salt treatment and fully restored by supplementary Ca(NO3)2. These results clearly show that supplementary Ca(NO3)2 can partly mitigate the adverse effects of saline water on both fruit yield and whole plant biomass in melon and cucumber plants. 相似文献
15.
The aim of the study was to examine effect of preharvest sprays of a mixture of calcium (Ca) formate, Ca-acetate, Ca-chloride (CaCl2) and Ca-nitrate [Ca(NO3)2] on quality and apple storability. The experiment was conducted during 2008–2009 at the Experimental Station of the Research Institute of Horticulture in Skierniewice, Poland, on mature ‘Jonagold’ apple trees/M.26, planted at a moderate density on a coarse-textured soil with low status of organic matter and abundant in exchangeable Ca. Apple trees were sprayed with Ca, 7 times per season, at 2-week intervals, starting 3 weeks after blooming. In the spray treatments a mixture of Ca-formate, Ca-acetate, CaCl2 and Ca(NO3)2 (as Insol Wap fertilizer), CaCl2 or Ca(NO3)2 were used at rates of 7.3 kg Ca, 11.8 kg Ca, and 9.9 kg Ca ha?1 per season, respectively. The trees sprayed with water were treated as the control. The results showed that Ca sprays caused no leaf and fruit injury. Calcium spray measures did not affect yield, mean fruit weight, and soluble solids concentration (SSC), titratable acidity and starch index of fruit at harvest. However, at harvest apples sprayed with Ca contained more this nutrient and were firmer than those of the control plots. After storage apples sprayed with Ca had more acids, and were firmer and less liable to bitter pit than the control fruit. Calcium sprays did not affect SSC of fruit after storage but reduced postharvest decay of fruit caused by Peziculla spp. and Penicillium expansum fungi. Apples sprayed with Insol Wap material were the least affected by the above pathogens. It is concluded that in apple orchards preharvest sprays of a mixture of Ca-formate, Ca-acetate, CaCl2 and Ca(NO3)2, containing 10% Ca (w/w) with ca. 50% in an organic form, can be the alternative to sprays of CaCl2 or Ca(NO3)2. 相似文献
16.
J. Thomas Raese 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(12):2671-2696
Apple (Malus domestica, Borkh) and pear (Pyrus communis, L.) trees responded to nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) fertilizers. In low P soils, leaf, and fruit P concentrations were increased and yield was improved with moderate rates of mono‐ammonium phosphate (MAP) fertilizers. Improved fruit quality including fruit firmness, red fruit color of ‘Delicious’ apples, and a lower incidence of fruit disorders of apples (bitter pit) and pears (alfalfa greening and cork spot) was frequently associated with trees that were fertilized with calcium nitrate [Ca(NO3)2] (CN). Although yield was often improved in experiments containing N‐P‐K or MAP fertilizers, long‐term use of N‐P‐K or MAP could be associated with a higher incidence of fruit disorders and a lower soil pH than with CN fertilizer at equivalent rates of N. 相似文献
17.
The aim of the study was to examine effect of preharvest sprays of calcium (Ca) in the form of Ca-chloride (CaCl2), Ca-nitrate [Ca(NO3)2], or a mixture of Ca-formate, Ca-acetate, CaCl2, and Ca(NO3)2 on cracking and quality of ‘Schattenmorelle’ sour cherry fruit harvested mechanically. The experiment was conducted in 2008–2009 at a commercial orchard in central Poland. Mature trees grew on a coarse-textured soil poor in organic matter, at a spacing of 4.0 × 1.5 m. The spray treatments of Ca were performed at 7-day intervals, starting 28 days before harvest, at the rates of 5.0–5.6 kg Ca ha?1 per season. The trees sprayed with water were treated as the control. Fruit were harvested mechanically when peduncle-fruit detachment force dropped below 3 N. The results showed that preharvest Ca sprays caused no leaf damage. This measure did not affect yield, mean fruit weight, soluble solids concentration and titratable acidity of fruit, and weight loss of fruit during 24 h after harvest. Fruit sprayed with Ca had improved status of this nutrient, and were less liable to juicy leakage from the stem scar, rain-induced cracking, and preharvest decay caused by Glomerella cingulata. The above effects of Ca sprays did not depend on the tested material. It was concluded that preharvest sprays of Ca as CaCl2 and/or Ca(NO3)2 should be recommended in ‘Schattenmorelle’ sour cherry orchards to reduce fruit losses resulting from rain-induced cracking, leakage of juice, and the incidence of cherry bitter rot. 相似文献
18.
Zucchini squash (Cucurbita pepo L. cv. Green Magic) plants were grown hydroponically with nitrate (NO3):ammonium (NH4) ratio of 3:1 until the onset of flowering when the plants were assigned to four NO3:NH4 ratio (1:0, 1:1, 1:3, or 3:1) treatments. Changing the original nitrogen (N) form ratio significantly affected plant growth, fruit yield, nutrient element, and water uptake. Growth of plants was better when NO3‐N (1:0) was the sole form of N than when NH4‐N was part of the N treatment. Fruit yields for plants fertilized with 1:0 or 1:3 N‐form ratio were double those of plants grown continuously with 3:1 N ratio. The largest leaf area and plant water use were obtained with 1:0 N ratio treatment Total uptake of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and potassium (K) decreased with increasing NH4‐N proportion in the nutrient solution which suggest NH4‐N was competing with these cations for uptake. The results also demonstrated that growers may increase fruit yield by using a predominantly NO3‐N source fertilizer through the vegetative growth stage and by shifting the NO3:NH4 ratio during the reproductive phase. 相似文献
19.
Babak Madani Amin Mirshekari Adriano Sofo Mahmud Tengku Muda Mohamed 《Journal of plant nutrition》2016,39(10):1483-1492
This research was conducted to evaluate the effects of calcium chloride (CaCl2) and calcium nitrate Ca(NO3)2 on nutrient concentrations and postharvest quality of papaya fruits. In the first experiment, plant stem height increased significantly after Ca(NO3)2 application compared to CaCl2. The calcium content in the peel and pulp for both sources [CaCl2 and Ca(NO3)2] significantly rose with increasing calcium concentrations, but there was a significantly higher content of calcium in fruit peel and pulp in the CaCl2 treatment. Magnesium and potassium in fruits decreased with increasing calcium concentrations. A reduction in anthracnose lesion diameter in the infected fruit with increasing calcium was observed in both CaCl2 and Ca(NO3)2 treatments. Ethylene production in fruits decreased with increasing calcium concentrations. In the second experiment, only CaCl2 was used as the calcium source, and results showed that the calcium content in fruit peel and pulp significantly increased at higher CaCl2 levels, whereas ethylene production, anthracnose lesion diameter, and magnesium content decreased compared to control. 相似文献
20.
以高硝酸盐积累品种四月慢和低硝酸盐积累品种华冠青梗菜为材料,采用溶液培养方法,测定了0.2和2mmol/L NO3-处理下的硝酸盐积累量和硝酸还原酶活性,并应用Real-Time PCR技术检测了NO3-吸收基因NRT1和NRT2的表达量。结果表明:(1)除0.2 mmol/L NO3-处理时的叶片硝酸盐含量没有显著差异外,四月慢植株各部位的硝酸盐含量都显著高于华冠青梗菜,高浓度培养使品种间硝酸盐积累量差异增加,四月慢对NO3-水平增加的响应能力强于华冠青梗菜。(2)吸收液NO3-浓度12~0 mmol/L范围内,四月慢对NO3-离子吸收速率显著高于华冠青梗菜,且在高浓度下表现更显著。(3)在2 mmol/L NO3-处理下,NRT2在根、叶片、叶柄中的表达量都是四月慢显著高于华冠青梗菜,NRT1的表达量只有在根中四月慢显著高于华冠青梗菜,而在叶片和叶柄中都没有显著差异;在0.2 mmol/L NO3-处理下,NRT1和NRT2表达情况相同,都是在叶片和叶柄中四月慢显著高于华冠青梗菜,而在根中表达量品种间没有显著差异。(4)NRT1和NRT2的表达在一定程度上可以解释硝酸盐积累量的差异,可能还有其他的基因对硝酸盐积累的基因型差异起重要作用,尤其是0.2 mmol/L NO3-处理时。(5)四月慢的硝酸还原酶活性显著高于华冠青梗菜,即四月慢对硝酸根同化利用的能力强于华冠青梗菜。 相似文献