共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
鲤(Cyprinus carpio)slc15a1基因是利用质子梯度逆浓度转运小肽和肽类似物到各种组织细胞内的一种低亲和力、高容量的转运载体,该基因在免疫反应中也起到重要作用。从蛋白质水平上探究slc15a1(slc15a1a和slc15a1b)基因在鲤体内免疫应答机制中的变化,将slc15a1a和slc15a1b基因含有部分抗原决定簇的片段加入双酶切位点BamHⅠ和HindⅢ后连接至pET-32a(+),构建表达载体,并成功制备鼠源slc15a1a和slc15a1b基因多克隆抗体。采用ELISA法检测抗体效价,获得的鼠抗Slc15a1a和Slc15a1b的效价分别为8.1×105和2.7×105。在嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila)感染后,Slc15a1a和Slc15a1b的最高蛋白表达水平与空白对照相比,分别增加了3.39和2.85倍,说明本实验制备的多克隆抗体具有较高的亲和力、特异性和较强的免疫原性,能够及时地诱导机体产生免疫应答。Slc15a1a在嗜水气单胞菌感染后3 h和6 h迅速做出高表达量响应,在12 h后开始出现表达水平的下降,但Slc15a1b在3~24 h时却一直维持着较稳定的高表达响应,表明Slc15a1a和Slc15a1b之间具有一定的表达差异。在感染过程中,Slc15a1a的表达量基本高于Slc15a1b,因此slc15a1a基因可能是slc15a1基因的主效基因,在鲤免疫应答过程中发挥重要作用。 相似文献
2.
剖析了影响科技期刊选题策划的三个主要因素:科技期刊二重性,办刊宗旨和读者的需求。指出为了提高科技期刊的质量,充分发挥科技期刊的作用,必须做好科技期刊的选题策划工作,并提出做好科技期刊选题策划工作要突出办刊特色,适应不同读者群体的阅读需要,走市场化的经营道路,选题突出科技期刊的特点,栏目策划要多样化。 相似文献
3.
使用一种新的屈曲路径跟踪策略,对拱在平面内的弹塑性极值点屈曲和二次分岔屈曲全过程进行跟踪分析,得到全跨均布荷载作用下材料、截面相同而矢跨比不同的拱的弹塑性极值点屈曲荷载和二次分岔屈曲荷载,以及半跨均布荷载作用下其极值点屈曲荷载.研究结果表明：对于弹塑性拱结构,在全跨均布荷载作用下,二次分岔屈曲总是最危险的屈曲形式,其发生必定先于极值点屈曲.对于材料、截面相同,矢跨比0.1～0.5的拱,半跨均布荷载作用下矢跨比0.23的拱极值点屈曲极限承载力最大;全跨均布荷载作用下,矢跨比0.1的拱极值点屈曲和二次分岔屈曲极限承载力均大于其他拱.将得到的全跨和半跨均布荷载作用下不同长细比、不同矢跨比拱的弹塑性极限承载力计算结果归纳总结,得到极限承载力简化计算公式,可以直接查用,便于工程设计中使用. 相似文献
4.
The mysteries of lipoprotein(a) 总被引：72，自引：0，他引：72
G Utermann 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1989,246(4932):904-910
Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a macromolecular complex found in human plasma that combines structural elements from the lipoprotein and blood clotting systems and that is associated with premature coronary heart disease and stroke. It is assembled from low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and a large hydrophilic glycoprotein called apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)], which is homologous to the protease zymogen plasminogen. Plasma Lp(a) concentrations vary 1000-fold between individuals and represent a continuous quantitative genetic trait with a skewed distribution in Caucasian populations. Variation in the hypervariable apo(a) gene on chromosome 6q2.6-q2.7 and interaction of apo(a) alleles with defective LDL-receptor genes explain a large fraction of the variability of plasma Lp(a) concentrations. Though of high theoretical and practical interest, many aspects of the metabolism, function, evolution, and regulation of plasma concentrations of Lp(a) are presently unknown, controversial, or mysterious. 相似文献
5.
陈建平 《福建农业大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2010,(1):58-61
解决腐败问题的关键是要健全权力运行制约和监督机制,推进权力运行程序化和公开透明。通过树立科学善治的权力观,启动反腐倡廉建设的＂思想引擎＂,构建科学合理的权制结构,打造反腐倡廉建设的＂民主利器＂,增加权力运行的透明度,搭建反腐倡廉建设的＂可视化平台＂,提升权力制约的法治化水平,建构反腐倡廉建设的＂刚性要件＂,提高权力运行程序的严密化程度,编织反腐倡廉建设的＂缚权网络＂,运用高科技手段制约权力,构筑反腐倡廉建设的＂科技屏障＂等,从而逻辑地形成＂思想引领—权制昌明—政务透明—法治规范—程序保障—科技手段＂这样＂六位一体＂的科学＂运＂权机制,这是构建惩治和预防腐败体系的重要内容,也是推进反腐倡廉建设科学化的关键所在。 相似文献
6.
编辑是科技期刊出版工作的主角,其思维方式左右着科技期刊的总体设计,他对科技期刊出版的全过程、科技期刊的内容质量、论文的取舍起着决定性的作用。笔者通过分析编辑对科技期刊出版的影响,指出编辑的素质是影响科技期刊质量的关键,并论述了在新时期下,为了提高科技期刊的质量,科技期刊编辑须具备以下素质:有较高的政治素质及良好的职业道德;有一定的学术水平和相关的专业知识;拥有广博的知识、必要的文学修养;掌握编辑出版专业知识;有一定的社会活动和组织能力等。 相似文献
7.
不同降水年型旱地小麦覆盖对产量及水分利用效率的影响 总被引：13，自引：2，他引：13
【目的】明确旱地麦田休闲期覆盖的蓄水增产效果和生育期覆盖播种的节水增产效果,探索旱地小麦不同降水年型休闲期覆盖和生育期覆盖的保水技术新途径。【方法】于2011-2014年在山西闻喜县开展大田试验,以休闲期覆盖渗水地膜与不覆盖为主区,以生育期膜际条播、条播为副区,研究覆盖对旱地麦田3 m内土壤水分、小麦产量构成、水分利用效率和节水增产效率的影响。【结果】休闲期覆盖较不覆盖处理提高了播种期0-300 cm土层土壤蓄水量,丰水年达40-41 mm,平水年达55-58 mm,欠水年达70 mm,且欠水年更有利于蓄积土壤水分于深层,显著提高了不同降水年型休闲期土壤蓄水效率,达到20%以上,其覆盖的蓄水效果可延续至孕穗期,且生育期配套膜际条播效果更佳。休闲期覆盖较不覆盖处理显著提高小麦穗数、产量和水分利用效率,产量提高20%以上,水分利用效率提高15%以上,且生育期配套膜际条播小麦穗粒数、千粒重也显著提高。结果还表明,休闲期覆盖处理小麦播种期土壤水分每多蓄1 mm,丰水年小麦可增产21-27 kg·hm-2,平水年可增产16-18 kg·hm-2,欠水年可增产13-24 kg·hm-2,且休闲期覆盖条件下,生育期膜际条播播种对产量的提升有较大的调控作用。生育期地膜覆盖保水后,旱地麦田节水、增产效果提高,单位粮食生产节水量提高10%以上,消耗1 mm土壤水分产量提高11%以上。【结论】旱地小麦休闲期覆盖有利于蓄积休闲期降雨,改善底墒,尤其欠水年蓄水效果更佳,有利于提高小麦花前土壤水分,促进有效穗数的形成,提高产量,且生育期膜际条播播种效果更佳。底墒充足时,生育期膜际条播播种有利于提高旱地麦田的节水增产效果,而欠水年底墒不足时,会导致水分浪费和减产。 相似文献
8.
To find a target object in a crowded scene, a face in a crowd for example, the visual system might turn the neural representation of each object on and off in a serial fashion, testing each representation against a template of the target item. Alternatively, it might allow the processing of all objects in parallel but bias activity in favor of those neurons that represent critical features of the target, until the target emerges from the background. To test these possibilities, we recorded neurons in area V4 of monkeys freely scanning a complex array to find a target defined by color, shape, or both. Throughout the period of searching, neurons gave enhanced responses and synchronized their activity in the gamma range whenever a preferred stimulus in their receptive field matched a feature of the target, as predicted by parallel models. Neurons also gave enhanced responses to candidate targets that were selected for saccades, or foveation, reflecting a serial component of visual search. Thus, serial and parallel mechanisms of response enhancement and neural synchrony work together to identify objects in a scene. To find a target object in a crowded scene, a face in a crowd for example, the visual system might turn the neural representation of each object on and off in a serial fashion, testing each representation against a template of the target item. Alternatively, it might allow the processing of all objects in parallel but bias activity in favor of those neurons that represent critical features of the target, until the target emerges from the background. To test these possibilities, we recorded neurons in area V4 of monkeys freely scanning a complex array to find a target defined by color, shape, or both. Throughout the period of searching, neurons gave enhanced responses and synchronized their activity in the gamma range whenever a preferred stimulus in their receptive field matched a feature of the target, as predicted by parallel models. Neurons also gave enhanced responses to candidate targets that were selected for saccades, or foveation, reflecting a serial component of visual search. Thus, serial and parallel mechanisms of response enhancement and neural synchrony work together to identify objects in a scene. 相似文献
9.
Laura B. DeLind 《Agriculture and Human Values》2011,28(2):273-283
Much is being made of local food. It is at once a social movement, a diet, and an economic strategy—a popular solution—to
a global food system in great distress. Yet, despite its popularity or perhaps because of it, local food (especially in the
US) is also something of a chimera if not a tool of the status quo. This paper reflects on and contrasts aspects of current
local food rhetoric with Dalhberg’s notion of a regenerative food system. It identifies three problematic emphases—the locavore
emphasis, the Wal-Mart emphasis, and the Pollan emphasis—and argues that they are shifting local food (as a concept and a
social movement) away from the deeper concerns of equity, citizenship, place-building, and sustainability. It is suggested
that local food activists and advocates might consider the use of multiple methodologies and forms of expression to explore
the integration and reintegration of local food into diverse and redundant place-based practice. A short case study of a low-income,
urban neighborhood in Lansing, Michigan, illustrates the value of contextual analysis for more fully enabling the local food
movement and a regenerative food system. 相似文献
10.
本研究探讨了Aldh3a2a在斑马鱼色素细胞发育中的意义及其对醛代谢和肝脏健康的影响。利用CRISPR/Cas9技术,我们成功敲除斑马鱼体内的aldh3a2a,导致黑色素细胞、黄色素细胞和虹彩细胞合成数量减少。转录组分析揭示了基因表达谱的变化,特别是与钾通道和类固醇生物合成途径相关的基因表达谱。我们的研究结果表明,aldh3a2a和aldh1a2之间存在调控关系,对视黄酸受体信号传导有影响。GO和KEGG富集分析强调了对色素细胞发育以外的细胞过程的更广泛影响。此外,aldh3a2a基因敲除会导致醛积累,导致肝脏异常,类似于Sj?gren-Larsson综合征,本研究揭示了aldh3a2a在斑马鱼中的多方面作用及其与人类遗传疾病的相关性。 相似文献
11.
为探究三七绿紫过渡地上茎黄金分割式紫化与其色素含量纵向变化的关系,用分光光度法检测了云南文山一年生三七植株绿紫过渡地上茎各茎段的叶绿素(Chl)、类胡萝卜素(Car)和总花色苷(TA)的含量。结果表明:从茎顶向茎基,茎段的叶绿素a(Chl a)、b(Chl b)和总叶绿素[Chl(a+b)]含量均表现为"降—升—降三段式"曲线,叶绿素a和b的含量之比(Chl a/b)大致呈一不对称的"双峰"曲线,Car含量表现为"不规则波动—宽V型—阶梯型骤降三段式"曲线,总花色苷含量(TAC)、TA/Chl a、TA/Chl b、TA/Chl(a+b)和TA/(Chl+Car)均表现为单峰曲线,Chl(a+b)/Car大致表现为一"V-W形"曲线。在茎中上部的黄金分割点处,Chl a、Chl b和Chl(a+b)、Chl a/b均出现低值,而TAC、TA/Chl a、TA/Chl b、TA/Chl(a+b)和TA/(Chl+Car)却均出现最高值。在茎基部,Chl、Car和TA含量都急剧下降。不同茎段Chl a、Chl b、Chl(a+b)和Car含量之间的差异均达到极显著水平,而TAC之间的差异仅达到显著水平;此外,不同茎段Chl a、Chl b、Chl(a+b)、Car和TA的含量纵向变化之间呈不同的正相关性。所以,三七绿紫过渡地上茎的紫色源于其TA相对于Chl和Car的含量优势,但Car对茎段紫色的制约效应微小;茎的黄金分割式紫化既取决于茎的TAC,也取决于茎的TA/Chl a、TA/Chl b、TA/Chl(a+b)和TA/(Chl+Car)。 相似文献
12.
为了准确检测纸膜覆盖对水稻植株蒸腾、地表蒸发和耕层渗漏的影响，本试验研制了盆栽条件下的水稻水分消耗检测系统，它由动态电阻应变仪、输出面板、计算机或万用表、土槽传感器、渗漏传感器、种植作物的土槽、水箱、漏斗、土槽，水箱配重、吊索和机架等组成。该系统的特点是，通过配重平衡了系统的静态质量，能对静态质量较大，但质量的动态变化值很小的质量变化动态系统进行实时检测，结构简单、造价较低。标定试验结果表明，研制的系统精度和灵敏度较高。该系统可以用于其他作物的水分消耗及其他类似质量动态变化系统的检测。 相似文献
13.
The selection of a structural material requires a compromise between strength and ductility. The material properties will then be set by the choice of alloy composition and microstructure during synthesis and processing, although the requirements may change during service life. Materials design strategies that allow for a recoverable tuning of the mechanical properties would thus be desirable, either in response to external control signals or in the form of a spontaneous adaptation, for instance in self-healing. We have designed a material that has a hybrid nanostructure consisting of a strong metal backbone that is interpenetrated by an electrolyte as the second component. By polarizing the internal interface via an applied electric potential, we accomplish fast and repeatable tuning of yield strength, flow stress, and ductility. The concept allows the user to select, for instance, a soft and ductile state for processing and a high-strength state for service as a structural material. 相似文献
14.
横向滑坡过程中管道的内力和变形计算 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
将滑坡体中的管道简化成大挠度的梁,将滑坡体外管道看作半无限长的梁或杆,考虑管梁的几何非线性、滑坡体外土壤的纵向抗力的物理非线性以及管道的内压和温差作用,基于滑坡体内外管道内力和变形的连续性,推导得出了在当量轴向力为拉力或压力两种情况下管道的内力和位移的有关计算式,提出了当量轴力为拉力或压力的判别式。横向滑坡中埋地管道的位移和内力计算最终归结于两个非线性方程的求解,可用牛顿迭代法或作图法解之。提供了 相似文献
15.
Wetting Patterns and Nitrate Distributions in Layered-Textural Soils Under Drip Irrigation 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
LI Jiusheng JI Hong-yan LI Bei LIU Yu-chun 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2007,6(8):970-980
Laboratory experiments were conducted in different sequence and thickness of the soil layers to investigate the effects of layered-textural soils on wetting patterns and water and nitrate distributions from a surface point source under various combinations of application rate and applied volume. Three layered soils, including a sandy-over-sandy loam (SL), a sandy loam-over-sandy (LS), and a sandy loam-sandy-sandy loam (LSL), and two uniform soils (a uniform sandy loam and a uniform sandy soil) were tested. In the experiments, the application rate was varied from 0.69 to 3.86 L h-1 and the applied volume from 5.7 to 12.1 L. The experimental results demonstrated that the wetting patterns and water and nitrate distributions were greatly affected by the sequence and thickness of soil layers as well as the application rate and volume applied. An interface existing in the layered soils, whether a fine-over-coarse or a coarse-over-fine, had a common feature of limiting downward water movement and of increasing horizontal water movement. For the fine-over-coarse layered soils of LS and LSL, water and nitrate were uniformly distributed at a given depth in the top layer soil. For a coarse-over-fine layered soil of SL, however, water accumulated in the sublayer soil underneath the interface and a zone of lower nitrate concentration was observed. The effect of application rate on water distribution pattern was dependent upon soil layering. A minor influence of application rate on water distribution for the fine-over-coarse layered soils (LS and LSL) than for the uniform soils was found. To obtain a greater wetted depth through selecting the emitters having a smaller application rate, which is a common method in the system design for a uniform soil, may not be necessarily applied for the layered soils.Measurements of nitrate distribution showed that nitrate accumulated toward the boundary of the wetted volume for both the uniform and the layered soils. This suggests the importance of optimal management of drip fertigation because nitrate is susceptible to the movement out of the root zone by mismanagement of fertigation. The information obtained from this research is useful in the design, operation, and management of a drip fertigation system. 相似文献
16.
17.
Spontaneous electrical signals in the retina's photoreceptors impose a limit on visual sensitivity. Their origin is attributed to a thermal, rather than photochemical, activation of the transduction cascade. Although the mechanism of such a process is under debate, the observation of a relationship between the maximum absorption wavelength (λ(max)) and the thermal activation kinetic constant (k) of different visual pigments (the Barlow correlation) indicates that the thermal and photochemical activations are related. Here we show that a quantum chemical model of the bovine rod pigment provides a molecular-level understanding of the Barlow correlation. The transition state mediating thermal activation has the same electronic structure as the photoreceptor excited state, thus creating a direct link between λ(max) and k. Such a link appears to be the manifestation of intrinsic chromophore features associated with the existence of a conical intersection between its ground and excited states. 相似文献
18.
基于形态结构特征参数的樟子松人工林单木可视化研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为更加直观地展示樟子松人工林单木的整个生长过程,将系统分析方法和数学建模技术应用于樟子松人工林单木的形态模拟。通过对樟子松人工林单木形态数据的定量分析,结合前人的研究成果,构建了樟子松人工林单木形态模拟模型,并以VC＋＋6.0为开发平台,利用OpenGL构建了樟子松人工林单木生长模拟系统,整个系统由形态模型模块、树冠结... 相似文献
19.
鸡miR-133a靶向调控BIRC5基因的表达 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
【目的】研究miR-133a在鸡不同组织中的表达情况,对baculoviral IAP repeat containing 5（BIRC5）进行靶基因的试验验证,探讨鸡miR-133a对BIRC5的靶向调控作用。【方法】采用生物信息学方法对miR-133a靶基因进行预测,并用双荧光素酶报告系统及点突变试验对BIRC5进行靶基因验证,同时运用实时荧光定量PCR检测miR-133a在鸡不同组织中的表达量。【结果】在鸡3′UTR数据库的11 891个基因中预测到287个miR-133a的靶基因;miR-133a在鸡的组织表达谱中显示其在肌肉中的表达量较高,尤其是在骨骼肌中表达量最高;报告基因试验显示BIRC5是miR-133a的靶基因,点突变试验证实了miR-133a在BIRC5上结合的靶位点。【结论】miR-133a是与鸡骨骼肌发育高度相关的miRNA,且鸡BIRC5基因是miR-133a的靶基因。 相似文献
20.
为揭示海门山羊羊毛纤维结构特征及其与工艺性能的关系，在屠宰海门山羊时将烫退的羊毛晾干后分拣归类，分为３类，一类毛为粗毛，表面鳞片呈鱼鳞状，毛干中心充满大量髓质；二类毛虽然也属粗毛，但鳞片呈片断形（近似长方形），毛干中心的髓腔细小，髓质较少；三类毛的上、中、下３段分别具有细毛、两型毛、粗毛的特征，其鳞片分别为环形、混合型和鱼鳞形，毛干中心上段透明或呈点状髓，中段髓腔细小，髓质较少，下段充满髓质。 相似文献