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<正>植物提取物是以植物为原料,经过物理化学提取分离,获取到浓集植物中的某一种或多种有效成分,而不改变其有效成分结构的中间体。植物提取物饲料添加剂的主要活性成分及功效植物中含有丰富而复杂的有机成分,其中许多有机成分都具有抗菌抑菌、抗氧化、双向调节机体免疫功能等生物活性。目前报道较多的天然植物提取物有皂甙、生物碱、多糖、茶多酚、黄酮类、挥发油等。1皂甙皂甙是由皂甙元和糖、糖醛 相似文献
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中药墓头回提限物抗肿瘤活性的实验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
用中药墓顺中所含的皂甙，多糖，萜类等成份的４种提取物样品ＭＳ，ＪＰ，ＭＰ，ＭＴ，对和移植性肿瘤肝癌和艾氏癌鼠进行了体内抗肿瘤实验。结果表明，４种样品中Ｈｅｐ和ＥＣ均具一定的抑制作用，其中ＭＳ对Ｈｅｐ的作用较强，ＭＴ对ＥＣ的作用较强；小鼠胸腺和脾脏重量略有增加，表明具有提高小鼠非特异性免疫功能的作用。 相似文献
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中药墓头回提取物抗肿瘤活性的实验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用中药墓头回（ＭＴＨ）中所含的皂甙、多糖、萜类等成份的４种提取物样品ＭＳ、ＪＰ、ＭＰ、ＭＴ，对移植性肿瘤肝癌（Ｈｅｐ）和艾氏癌（ＥＣ）鼠进行了体内抗肿瘤实验。结果表明，４种样品对Ｈｅｐ和ＥＣ均具一定的抑制作用，其中ＭＳ对Ｈｅｐ的作用较强，ＭＴ对ＥＣ的作用较强；小鼠胸腺和脾脏重量略有增加，表明具有提高小鼠非特异性免疫功能的作用 相似文献
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日粮中添加大豆糖蜜对泌乳高峰期奶牛的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
大豆糖蜜是用大豆粉经酒精萃取、精练及浓缩而成的纯天然大豆提取物，含有丰富的大豆低聚糖，部分皂甙、异黄酮和大豆乳清蛋白及大豆中原有的水溶性矿物元素等。在欧美及亚洲的一些国家和地区，糖蜜被当作一种物美价廉的饲料原料，使用非常普遍。 相似文献
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试验以KB纸片扩散法筛选对猪源大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌有抑制作用但同时对益生菌—枯草芽孢杆菌抑制作用小的中药提取物。结果表明,8种中药提取物对2种致病菌均有不同程度的抑制作用,但土茯苓皂甙对枯草芽胞杆菌没有抑制作用,值得进一步研究。 相似文献
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采用杯碟法对毛白杨叶提取物（Ｙ）及其水煎液（ＣＳ）进行了畜禽常见病原菌的抑菌效果观察。结果表明ＣＳ、Ｙ对畜禽常见病原菌均有一定的抑制作用，但Ｙ的抑菌效果比ＣＳ强。此外，还用试管法测定了两种提取物的最小抑菌浓度（ＭＩＣ）。 相似文献
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试验用膨化大豆为主要蛋白质原料配制仔猪料,观测了分别以血浆蛋白粉、痢菌净、黄霉素、盐霉素及氧化锌为主成份配制的几种营养保健品对28日龄断奶仔猪应激反应的影响.结果表明,不同营养保健品在仔猪日增重、饲料效率及腹泻率等方面功能各有不同,但差异不显著(P>0.05).本结果对养猪生产、饲料生产商合理应用保健品以及研制高保健性能仔猪料具有实用价值. 相似文献
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本试验旨在检验基于仿生消化系统估测肉鸭饲料原料代谢能(ME)的有效性。首先,通过仿生消化法测定玉米、高粱、豆粕、菜籽粕和小麦麸的鸡、鸭酶水解物能值(EHGE),计算鸭/鸡EHGE比值,并参考肉鸡饲料原料ME计算肉鸭ME。其次,选择21日龄番鸭2400只,随机分为8个组,每组6个重复,每个重复50只鸭。各组随机饲喂不同ME水平的试验饲粮。测定21~50日龄、51~75日龄、21~75日龄肉鸭的平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比,将肉鸭各阶段的料重比与饲粮ME进行回归分析。结果表明:1)玉米的鸭/鸡EHGE比值为1.06,高粱、饼粕类和麸皮的鸭/鸡EHGE比值为1.14~1.21。2)饲粮ME水平对肉鸭各阶段的平均日增重无显著影响(P>0.05),但对料重比和平均日采食量存在极显著影响(P<0.01)。3)肉鸭各阶段料重比对鸭ME回归方程的相关系数(R^2)均高于其对鸡ME回归方程的R^2。由此可见,应用鸭ME估测数据配制肉鸭饲粮较恰当,采用仿生消化法建立肉鸭饲料原料ME数据库是可行的。 相似文献
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为探讨紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)草粉对獭兔饲用价值的影响,选取体重相近的56日龄獭兔108只,分别测定苜蓿草粉(alfalfa meal, AM)、玉米(Zea mays)秸秆(corn stalk, CS)和大豆(Glycine max)秸秆(soybean straw, SS)单一饲喂时的消化率,3种粗饲料源配制的配合饲料中各种营养物质的消化率,以及不同水平AM对獭兔胴体与毛皮品质的影响。结果表明:AM与CS和SS具有相似的粗饲料价值;AM对配合饲料粗蛋白质利用率的影响低于SS和CS;50%的AM有利于提高獭兔的屠宰率、肌肉系水力与毛皮强度。因此,AM优于CS和SS,饲喂50%的AM有利于獭兔商品价值的改善。 相似文献
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广东地区猪链球菌的耐药性特点及四环素耐药基因携带情况 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
猪链球菌(Streptococcus suis,SS)是危害世界养猪业的重要细菌性病原菌之一,本研究旨在了解猪链球菌临床分离株的耐药性特点和四环素耐药基因的携带情况,为临床上该病的防控提供科学依据。本试验采用K-B法和CLSI推荐的肉汤微量稀释法检测猪链球菌广东分离株对18种抗菌药物的耐药性。结果显示,被检菌株对四环素类、磺胺类和氨基糖苷类抗菌药物表现较强的耐药性,尤其对四环素类药物的耐药率高达98.2%;对头孢菌素类药物比较敏感;菌株都耐受6种或6种以上的抗菌药物,其中以6和14重耐药菌株的数量最多,分别占20%和17%。本试验设计了4对引物检测四环素耐药基因携带情况,结果发现56株菌中以携带tetM基因为最多(85.71%)。结果表明tetM很可能是介导广东SS分离株对四环素产生极高耐药率的主要原因之一。 相似文献
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为了解天津地区2型猪链球菌的流行及耐药情况,本研究收集该地区部分规模化养猪场疑似猪链球菌病病料317份,通过病原分离培养、染色特性观察、生化试验、PCR扩增等方法进行鉴定,并对分离菌进行致病性及药敏试验。结果从样品中分离鉴定出11株2型猪链球菌。对小鼠的致病力试验结果显示,应用0.5×108 CFU/mL的细菌攻击小鼠,11株2型猪链球菌分离株中有6株具有致死性,其中1株致死率较强,5株致死率较弱。药敏试验结果表明,11株分离菌对9种临床常见药物均表现出很强的耐药性,其中对阿米卡星、四环素和强力霉素耐药性最强,耐药率达到100.00%;且所有分离株均呈多重耐药,其中4个分离株为9重耐药,占36.36%（4/11）。本试验结果表明,天津地区存在2型猪链球菌感染情况,且对多种抗菌药均产生了耐药性,应引起养殖户的高度重视,在防制猪链球菌病时,应有针对性地合理、科学、规范用药和交替用药。 相似文献
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Sixty Angus-cross steers were used to compare the effects of recycled poultry bedding (RPB) stacking method and the inclusion of monensin in growing diets on performance. Steers were individually fed balanced, growing diets for a period of 84 d. The diets were control (CON), CON + monensin (CON+M), deep-stacked RPB (DS), DS+M, shallow-stacked RPB (SS), and SS+M. The CON diets contained corn, soybean meal, corn silage, and cottonseed hulls. In the RPB diets, 35% of the silage, cottonseed hulls, and soybean meal was replaced with RPB (as-fed basis). At the end of the growing period, 30 steers, representing all treatment groups, had liver biopsies for trace mineral analysis and ruminal fluid samples to assess pH, VFA, and ammonia concentrations. All steers had blood samples drawn at the end of the growing period for analysis of Se and urea N. Steers were transported 466.6 km to simulate shipping stress and started on a finishing diet for a 120-d period. Intake, ADG, and G:F were monitored throughout the trial. Steers fed CON diets had higher ADG, DMI, and G:F than SS, and higher ADG and G:F than DS (P < 0.05) during the growing period. Steers fed DS diets had higher DMI than SS (P < 0.05) during the growing period. Inclusion of monensin in the growing diets increased G:F and decreased DMI (P < 0.05). Steers from the RPB treatments started the finishing period at lighter BW than steers fed CON diets (P < 0.05). During the finishing period, steers fed SS diets had higher DMI than steers fed CON diets (P < 0.06), whereas steers fed DS diets were intermediate. At slaughter, steers fed CON diets had higher hot carcass weights and quality grades than steers fed SS diets (P < 0.07), whereas steers fed DS diets were intermediate. Results indicate that steers fed RPB consumed it better when processed by deep stacking before consumption, that carryover effects of RPB into the finishing phase were minimal, and inclusion of monensin did not affect consumption of RPB diets. 相似文献
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对9株猪链球菌2型重庆分离株的精氨酸脱亚氨酸酶基因进行克隆测序,结果表明该基因长度为1231bp,与Genbank发表的该基因序列相比,核苷酸同源性高于99%,推导的氨基酸同源性高于96%。根据精氨酸脱亚氨酸酶基因的测序结果建立扩增片段长度为237bp的PCR检测方法,35株猪链球菌致病株中,30株精氨酸脱亚氨酸酶基因的PCR检测阳性,有5株精氨酸脱亚氨酸酶基因的PCR检测阴性;14株正常猪扁桃体分离株中,11株为精氨酸脱亚氨酸酶基因的PCR检测阳性,3株为精氨酸脱亚氨酸酶基因的PCR检测阴性;猪链球菌1型、7型、9型、13型、1/2型各一株,均能扩增出精氨酸脱亚氨酸酶基因的片段。 相似文献
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在“三黄连”合剂质量标准基础上,通过光加速试验、加速试验考查温度、湿度、光照等因素对该制剂理化性质的影响,评价“三黄连”合剂的稳定性,为新兽药申报、生产、包装、贮存和运输条件提供必要资料。采用薄层色谱法对“三黄连”合剂中的有效成分黄芩苷、连翘苷进行定性鉴别,结合pH值、相对密度、有效成分含量等检测指标,进行光加速试验和加速试验。结果表明,“三黄连”合剂在规定时间检测,在各自对照品相应位置上均显相同颜色的斑点;pH值、相对密度、有效成分含量等均符合规定;“三黄连”合剂对光不敏感,在生产、贮存和运输过程中不必考虑避光,可以采用透明容器进行包装。 相似文献
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Smiricky MR Grieshop CM Albin DM Wubben JE Gabert VM Fahey GC 《Journal of animal science》2002,80(9):2433-2441
Fourteen ileally cannulated pigs (BW = 35 +/- 2 kg) were randomly allotted to a replicated 7 x 7 Latin square design experiment to evaluate the influence of the soybean oligosaccharides (OS), raffinose and stachyose, on ileal nutrient digestibility and fecal consistency. Semipurified diets containing soy protein concentrate (SPC) or soybean meal (SBM) as the sole protein sources were fed. Soy solubles (SS), a by-product of SBM processing containing 3.5% raffinose and 11.5% stachyose, were used to increase dietary raffinose and stachyose concentrations. The seven dietary treatments were SPC, SPC + 9% SS, SBM, SBM + 9% SS, SBM + 18% SS, SBM + 24,000 U alpha-galactosidase enzyme preparation/kg diet, and a low-protein casein (LPC) diet used to calculate true digestibility. Diets, with the exception of the LPC diet, were formulated to contain 17% CP. All diets contained 0.5% chromic oxide as a marker for ileal digestibility determination. The experimental periods were divided into a 5-d diet adaptation followed by 2-d of ileal digesta collection. Diets and digesta were analyzed for DM, N, Cr, amino acids (AA), raffinose, and stachyose. Fecal consistency was determined on d 6 and 7 of each experimental period. The apparent and true ileal AA digestibilities were not different (P < 0.05) for the SPC and SBM control diets. When SS was added to the SPC diet, apparent and true N and AA digestibilities were depressed (P < 0.05) with the exception of Trp and Pro. The apparent and true ileal N and AA digestibilities were not different (P > 0.05) between the SBM control and SBM + 9% SS diets with the exception of Glu. There was a linear decrease (P < 0.05) in apparent and true DM, Val, Gly, and Tyr digestibilities when increasing levels of SS were added to the SBM diet. The addition of alpha-galactosidase did not improve apparent or true ileal N or AA digestibilities except for apparent and true Val and Tyr. Ileal raffinose digestibility was improved (P < 0.05) by addition of a-galactosidase, but was not affected by any other dietary treatment. Ileal stachyose digestibility was not affected (P > 0.58) by treatment. Fecal consistency likewise was not affected (P > 0.36) by dietary treatment. In conclusion, soy OS reduced nutrient digestibilities, but the reductions were small, ranging from approximately 1.1 to 7.4 percentage units. This suggests that other factors may be negatively impacting SBM digestibility. 相似文献
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Three experiments were conducted with young pigs to measure the availability of tryptophan in soybean meal, meat and bone meal, cottonseed meal, corn and sorghum. In Exp. 1, a 17.5% crude protein corn and gelatin-based diet, deficient in tryptophan, was supplemented with graded levels of L-tryptophan to establish the growth response of 10- to 20-kg pigs to graded additions of dietary tryptophan. From these data the requirement for maximal growth was calculated to be .16% of the diet using a broken-line model. In Exp. 2, the effects of excess amino acids in a test feedstuff, i.e., soybean meal, on the growth assay method for estimating tryptophan availability was evaluated. The addition of excess crystalline amino acids to the basal diet in proportions equal to the excesses contributed by a test level of soybean meal resulted in a 17.7 percentage unit reduction in the estimate of tryptophan availability (82.3%). When the standard diet was supplemented with amino acids to provide the pattern of excess amino acids found in the corn-gelatin basal diet with added soybean meal, the availability of tryptophan in soybean meal was estimated to be 95.2%. In Exp. 3, the tryptophan availabilities for meat and bone meal, cottonseed meal, corn and sorghum were estimated to be 82.2%, 80.9%, 94.0% and 86.4%, respectively. The diets used in this experiment were supplemented to contain excesses of individual amino acids in the same proportions as found in the basal diet, with the test feed ingredient added as a source of tryptophan. In these experiments the tryptophan content of the various feedstuffs was measured by ion-exchange liquid chromatography following alkaline hydrolysis. 相似文献